CN111928108A - High-efficiency vacuum multi-layer low-temperature heat insulation structure and coating method - Google Patents
High-efficiency vacuum multi-layer low-temperature heat insulation structure and coating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111928108A CN111928108A CN202010943812.5A CN202010943812A CN111928108A CN 111928108 A CN111928108 A CN 111928108A CN 202010943812 A CN202010943812 A CN 202010943812A CN 111928108 A CN111928108 A CN 111928108A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
- F17C3/08—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation by vacuum spaces, e.g. Dewar flask
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C3/00—Vessels not under pressure
- F17C3/02—Vessels not under pressure with provision for thermal insulation
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
- F17C2203/0308—Radiation shield
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
- F17C2203/0391—Thermal insulations by vacuum
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-efficiency vacuum multilayer low-temperature heat-insulating structure and a coating method, wherein the method comprises the following steps: prefabricating a heat-insulating quilt unit; welding a fixing ring; a heat insulation cover for covering the cylinder body; a heat insulation quilt is coated on the end socket; repeating the steps until the heat insulation of the cylinder body and the heat insulation of the end socket reach the designed thickness; wrapping the pipeline heat insulation quilt; sewing the head insulation on a fixing ring on the outer surface of the head, and using an alkali-free glass fiber tape for permanent bundling; wrapping and supporting heat-insulating quilt; the end socket heat insulation quilt at the adsorbent cabin is provided with air holes; every layer of barrel thermal insulation quilt and head thermal insulation quilt are formed by splicing thermal insulation quilt units, and the annular splicing seams of the same layer of barrel thermal insulation quilt are overlapped, the annular splicing seams and the longitudinal splicing seams of the adjacent two layers of barrel thermal insulation quilts are staggered, the radial splicing seams and the annular splicing seams of the adjacent two layers of head thermal insulation quilts are staggered, and the annular splicing seams of the adjacent two layers of head thermal insulation quilts and the barrel thermal insulation quilt are staggered. The structure of the present invention can provide a container with excellent heat insulating performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat insulation of vacuum heat insulation copious cooling pressure containers, in particular to a high-efficiency vacuum multilayer low-temperature heat insulation structure and a coating method, which are suitable for large-scale low-temperature storage and transportation equipment in a high-vacuum multilayer heat insulation type.
Background
The high-vacuum multilayer heat insulation mode can limit heat to be transferred through three ways of conduction, convection and radiation to the maximum extent, and is widely applied to low-temperature storage and transportation equipment to realize high-efficiency heat insulation effect. When the jacket is evacuated to less than or equal to 10-2Pa and the thermal insulation material has almost zero heat transfer by convection when the holes (slits) are reasonably opened, and the multi-layer thermal insulation structure is mainly used for restraining the heat transfer by two ways of heat conduction and radiation.
The common engineering multilayer heat insulation structure is a winding type heat insulation structure and a heat insulation quilt structure. The winding type structure inner tank body cylinder is wound outside the low-temperature shell after one group or a plurality of groups (spacing layers and reflecting materials) are prefabricated into a coil, and the end socket heat insulation structure is formed by covering 1/5-1/3 total layers of materials for multiple times. The heat insulation structure has the advantages of single structure, simple construction, incapability of obtaining layer density consistent with the inside and the outside, high heat insulation performance fluctuation and relatively poor performance. The heat insulation quilt structure can be combined by the reflecting materials and the spacing layers in different types and different orders according to needs, the quilt shape is prefabricated according to the shape and the size of the low-temperature shell, the on-site laying is completed, and the heat insulation quilt structure has the advantages of being good in heat insulation effect, simple to operate, stable in performance and the like. Therefore, currently most LNG tanks are constructed using heat insulation.
Common heat insulation quiltThe structure is prefabricated into 3-5 units according to different layers of the reflecting screen and the heat insulation layer, and the coating is carried out on site unit by unit according to the low-temperature side → the normal-temperature side. For example, patent No. CN105757446A discloses a method for insulating a vacuum insulated cryogenic pressure vessel, in which an inner container of the vacuum insulated cryogenic pressure vessel is covered with an insulating cover to form an insulating structure, the insulating cover is divided into a head insulating cover and a barrel insulating cover, the insulating structure is formed by prefabricating the insulating cover and wrapping the insulating cover in sequence, and the prefabricating of the insulating cover includes: firstly, compounding a reflecting screen of a heat insulating material and a spacing material layer by layer in an alternating spacing mode to form a heat insulating unit; then, compounding the compounded heat insulation units into heat insulation blocks according to the layer number requirement; finally, a tying belt for binding is fixedly connected to the heat insulation block; the wrapping of the heat insulation quilt is completed by wrapping the heat insulation quilt of the cylinder body firstly and then finishing wrapping of the heat insulation quilt of the end socket. Therefore, the production unit is improved, the heat flow density of the heat-insulating quilt bound by the conventional process is more than or equal to 1W/m, and the method is tried to shorten the heat-insulating quilt binding time2The heat insulation performance of the produced low-temperature storage and transportation equipment fluctuates up and down on the national standard qualified line. The reason is that: the thermal conductivity in the direction parallel to the multilayer screen is 10 times greater than in the direction perpendicular to the multilayer screen3～105The heat conduction in the parallel direction will find the radiation window at the edge portion of the reflecting screen and be transferred through the radiation window into the adjacent sub-unit, resulting in a reduced thermal insulation performance.
In addition, most production units need to weld a plurality of L-shaped stainless steel fixing nails when the heat insulation quilt structure is coated and constructed for fixing the heat insulation quilt, after the heat insulation quilt is coated, the fixing nails are bent to be exposed outside the heat insulation quilt to form tip heat conduction, and external heat can be directly conducted to the inner container through the exposed fixing nails, so that the heat insulation performance of the whole heat insulation quilt structure is seriously influenced.
The current LNG tank industry provides "one jar is to end, the transport mode of many formulas intermodal", puts forward higher requirement to the tank lossless storage time, under the relative solidification prerequisite of tank structure (pipeline, support), puts forward higher requirement to the thermal insulation performance of the thermal insulation structure whole of tank.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the coating method of the heat insulation structure causes poor heat insulation performance of the heat insulation quilt structure and the like, and provides a high-efficiency vacuum multi-layer low-temperature heat insulation structure and a coating method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a coating method of a high-efficiency vacuum multi-layer low-temperature heat-insulating structure, which comprises the following steps:
s1, prefabricating a heat insulation quilt unit: compounding the interval material and the reflecting material layer by layer to form a heat-insulating quilt unit;
s2, binding and fixing ring welding: welding and binding fixing rings on end sockets at two ends of the inner container and the outer ring of the inner container barrel;
s3, coating a cylinder heat insulation quilt: the heat insulation quilt units are coated outside the cylinder body one by one to form a layer of cylinder body heat insulation quilt, the heat insulation quilt units are sewn on the binding fixing rings on the outer ring of the cylinder body of the inner container by using sewing threads, the heat insulation quilt units of the same layer of cylinder body are staggered with the starting ends of the adjacent heat insulation quilt units, and the adjacent heat insulation quilt units are overlapped in an annular splicing way;
s4, coating of a seal head heat insulation quilt: coating the heat insulation quilt units one by one at the end socket position every time one layer of cylinder heat insulation quilt is coated to form an end socket heat insulation quilt, and overlapping the cylinder heat insulation quilt and the end socket heat insulation quilt at the same layer;
s5, repeating S3-S4, coating the cylinder heat-insulating quilt and the end enclosure heat-insulating quilt layer by layer according to the sequence from the low-temperature end to the normal-temperature end, wherein the annular joints and the longitudinal joints of the heat-insulating quilt which correspond to the inside and the outside of the two adjacent layers of cylinder heat-insulating quilts are staggered with each other, the radial joints of the heat-insulating quilt units of the two adjacent layers of end enclosure heat-insulating quilts are staggered, and the annular joints of the two adjacent layers of end enclosure heat-insulating quilts and the cylinder heat-insulating;
s6, binding the pipeline heat insulation quilt: the cut heat-insulation quilt units are bound on the pipeline layer by layer to form a pipeline heat-insulation quilt, a layer of glass fiber cloth is coated on the outer layer of the pipeline heat-insulation quilt, and the glass fiber cloth is bound by a glass fiber band;
s7, sewing the end socket heat insulation quilt on the binding fixing ring on the outer surface of the inner end socket, and permanently binding the barrel heat insulation quilt on the outermost layer and the end socket heat insulation quilt;
s8, wrapping, supporting and heat-insulating quilt: filling heat insulating materials in the support, placing heat insulating quilt units at two ends of the support to form a support heat insulating quilt;
s9, a plurality of air holes are formed in the end socket heat insulation quilt at the adsorbent cabin.
Preferably, when the heat-insulation quilt unit is prefabricated in the S1 mode, the edge of the spacing material exceeds the edge of the reflecting material by 3-5 mm, a plurality of air holes are formed in the reflecting material, and the total opening area of the air holes is not more than three thousandth of the area of the reflecting material; each heat-insulating sub-unit comprises 3-5 layers of reflecting materials.
Preferably, in S2, before the binding fixing ring is arranged, the outer surface of the inner container is degreased and dehydrated; two rows of binding fixing rings are spot-welded on the outer surface of the inner container cylinder, one binding fixing ring in the same row is arranged at intervals of 300-1000 mm, and the circular angles of the two rows of binding fixing rings are 60-120 degrees; and welding a circle of binding and fixing ring at each point of the outer surfaces of the end sockets at the two ends of the inner container.
Preferably, in S3, the heat insulation of the heat insulation cover of the same-layer cylinder is overlapped by 50-100 mm of the annular seam of the sub-unit.
Preferably, in the step S4, the heat insulation of the end sockets and the heat insulation of the cylinder in the same layer are overlapped by overlapping and splicing seams for 50-200 mm.
Preferably, in S5, the annular joints of the adjacent two layers of cylinder heat-insulating covers are staggered by more than or equal to 200mm, and the longitudinal joints are staggered by more than or equal to 500 mm; the radial seam stagger of the two adjacent layers of end socket heat insulation quilts is more than or equal to 15 degrees, and the circumferential seam stagger of the two adjacent layers of end socket heat insulation quilts and the cylinder heat insulation quilt is 50-100 mm.
Preferably, in S6, the number of layers of the wrapping insulating sub-unit on the pipeline is determined according to the number of layers of the reflective material in each layer of the insulating sub-unit, and the insulating sub-unit of the pipeline comprises 20 to 30 layers of the reflective material; in S8, the number of insulating sub-units provided at both ends of the support is determined according to the number of reflecting materials in each insulating sub-unit, and the insulating sub-units having 10 layers of reflecting materials placed at both ends of the support are supported.
Preferably, in S7, alkali-free glass fiber tapes are used to permanently bind the barrel and the end socket in a grid shape, and the distance between adjacent alkali-free glass fiber tapes is 300 mm-500 mm.
Preferably, the diameter of the air holes in the S9 is 2-10 mm.
The invention also relates to a high-efficiency vacuum multi-layer low-temperature heat insulation structure formed based on the coating method, which comprises an inner container and an outer container, wherein the inner container comprises a cylinder body and end sockets welded at two ends of the cylinder body, the inner container and the outer container are connected through a support, a vacuum interlayer is formed between the inner container and the outer container, a pipeline penetrating through the outer container is arranged on the inner container, and an adsorption cabin is arranged at the end socket at one end, and the high-efficiency vacuum multi-: binding fixing rings are arranged on the outer surface of the cylinder body and the outer surfaces of the end sockets at the two ends of the cylinder body; the outer side of the cylinder is coated with a plurality of layers of cylinder heat insulation quilts, the cylinder heat insulation quilts are bound and connected with the binding fixing rings on the outer surface of the cylinder, the outer sides of the end enclosures at two ends of the cylinder are coated with a plurality of layers of end enclosure heat insulation quilts, the end enclosure heat insulation quilts are bound and connected with the binding fixing rings on the outer surface of the end enclosure, the outer side of the support is coated with a support heat insulation quilt, and the outer ring of the part of the pipeline positioned;
each layer of cylinder heat-insulating quilt and each layer of end enclosure heat-insulating quilt are formed by splicing heat-insulating quilt units, the starting ends of adjacent heat-insulating quilt units in the same layer of cylinder heat-insulating quilt are staggered, annular splicing seams are overlapped, the annular splicing seams and the longitudinal splicing seams of the adjacent two layers of cylinder heat-insulating quilts are staggered mutually, the cylinder heat-insulating quilt and the end enclosure heat-insulating quilt in the same layer are overlapped, the radial splicing seams of the adjacent two layers of end enclosure heat-insulating quilts are staggered, and the annular splicing seams of the adjacent two layers of cylinder heat-insulating quilts and the end enclosure; the heat insulation of the outermost layer cylinder body is bound with the heat insulation of the end sockets by alkali-free glass fiber belts.
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the invention relates to a coating method of a high-efficiency vacuum multilayer low-temperature heat-insulating structure, wherein a plurality of layers of heat-insulating quilts are coated outside an inner container, each layer of heat-insulating quilt is composed of heat-insulating quilt units, and each adjacent heat-insulating quilt unit of the same layer of heat-insulating quilt is overlapped reasonably, so that a radiation window left at the edge part of a reflecting material is effectively reduced, the edge effect is avoided, and each unit of reflecting material is ensured to be in an isothermal state; the heat insulation quilt units of the two adjacent layers of heat insulation quilts are staggered with each other, so that normal heat leakage generated by the edge radiation windows is further reduced.
2. The method forms a plurality of layers of heat insulation quilts, further forms a plurality of isothermal layers, effectively increases heat transfer paths, reduces the temperature difference of adjacent heat insulation quilts, and realizes high-efficiency low-temperature heat insulation.
3. The coating method of the high-efficiency vacuum multi-layer low-temperature heat-insulating structure uses the technical binding fixing rings to replace commonly used L-shaped fixing nails, uses sewing threads to realize the function of fixing the heat-insulating quilt, avoids the phenomenon of tip heat leakage, and improves the overall heat-insulating performance by 100 to 200 percent compared with the heat-insulating system of the conventional technology.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a high-efficiency vacuum multi-layer low-temperature insulation structure according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the position of the lashing retaining rings in a side view of the inner container;
FIG. 3 is a view of a configuration of a ligating fixing ring;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the position of the banding retaining ring under the front view of the inner container;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the overlapping relationship of the heat insulating coatings of the outer layers of the inner container cylinder;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a connecting structure of the cylinder heat insulation to the banding fixing ring;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the connection between the heat insulating layer of the cylinder and the heat insulating layer of the head in the example;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a piping insulation unit pack-up in an embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the glass fiber ribbon in a side view of the inner vessel;
fig. 10 is a schematic view of the arrangement of the glass fiber tapes under the front view of the inner container.
Wherein: 1-an inner container; 2-an outer container; 3-cylinder heat insulation quilt; 4-supporting the heat-insulating cover; 5-end enclosure heat insulation quilt; 6-pipeline heat insulation quilt; 7-binding a fixing ring; 8-suture; 9-glass fiber cloth; 10-a glass fiber tape; 11-adsorption cabin.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of enhancing the understanding of the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings, which are only used for explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Referring to the attached figure 1, the embodiment relates to a high-efficiency vacuum multi-layer low-temperature heat insulation structure, which comprises an inner container 1 and an outer container 2, wherein the inner container 1 comprises a cylinder body and end sockets welded at two ends of the cylinder body, the inner container 1 and the outer container 2 are connected through a support, a vacuum interlayer is formed between the inner container 1 and the outer container 2, a pipeline penetrating through the outer container is arranged on the inner container 1, and an adsorption cabin 11 is arranged at the end sockets; referring to fig. 2-4, the outer surface of the cylinder and the outer surfaces of the end sockets at two ends of the cylinder are respectively provided with a binding fixing ring 7, the binding fixing rings at the cylinder of the inner container 1 are arranged in two rows, one binding fixing ring 7 in the same row is arranged at intervals of 300-1000 mm, and the circular angles of the two rows of binding fixing rings 7 are 60-120 degrees; the outer side of the cylinder is coated with a plurality of layers of cylinder heat insulation quilts 3, the cylinder heat insulation quilts 3 are bound and connected with binding fixing rings 7 on the outer surface of the cylinder, the outer sides of the end enclosures at two ends of the cylinder are coated with a plurality of layers of end enclosure heat insulation quilts 5, the end enclosure heat insulation quilts 5 are bound and connected with the binding fixing rings 7 on the outer surface of the end enclosures, the outer side of the support is coated with a support heat insulation quilt 4, and the outer ring of the part of the pipeline positioned on;
every layer of barrel is adiabatic by 3 and head adiabatic by 5 by adiabatic quilt unit concatenation form, adiabatic quilt unit includes interval material and reflecting material, interval material and reflecting material successive layer complex, every adiabatic quilt unit contains 3 ~ 5 layers of reflecting material, interval material edge surpasss the edge 3 ~ 5mm of reflecting material, is equipped with a plurality of bleeder vents on the reflecting material, and the total trompil area of bleeder vent is no longer than three thousandths of reflecting material area. The starting ends of the heat-insulating quilt units of the heat-insulating quilts of the cylinder bodies on the same layer are staggered, the annular abutted seams are overlapped by 50-100 mm, the annular abutted seams and the longitudinal abutted seams of the heat-insulating quilts of the two adjacent layers of cylinder bodies are staggered with each other, the staggered annular abutted seams are not less than 200mm, and the staggered longitudinal abutted seams are not less than 500 mm; the radial abutted seams of the heat-insulating quilt units of the two adjacent layers of end socket heat-insulating quilts are staggered, the radial abutted seams are staggered by more than or equal to 15 degrees, and the circumferential abutted seams are staggered; overlapping and splicing seams of the end socket heat insulation quilt and the cylinder heat insulation quilt on the same layer are overlapped by 50-200 mm, the annular splicing seams of the adjacent two layers of cylinder heat insulation quilts and the end socket heat insulation quilt are staggered, and the annular splicing seams are staggered by 50-100 mm; the heat insulation of the outermost layer cylinder body is bound with the heat insulation of the end sockets by alkali-free glass fiber bands 10, and the distance between the adjacent alkali-free glass fiber bands 10 is 300-500 mm.
A coating method of a high-efficiency vacuum multi-layer low-temperature heat-insulating structure comprises the following steps:
s1, prefabricating a heat insulation quilt unit: compounding the spacing materials and the reflecting materials layer by layer to form an insulated quilt unit, determining the structure of the insulated quilt unit according to insulated parameters of the inner container to be wrapped, wherein the structure comprises the types and the stacking sequence of the spacing materials and the reflecting materials, compounding the spacing materials and the reflecting materials layer by layer according to the stacking sequence to form the insulated quilt unit, and each insulated quilt unit comprises 3-5 layers of reflecting materials; during compounding, the edge of the spacing material exceeds the edge of the reflecting material by 3-5 mm, the heat insulation is ensured to be limited to the contact of the spacing layer by the overlapped joint, the mutual contact of the reflecting screens is avoided, a plurality of air holes are arranged on the reflecting material, and the total opening area of the air holes is not more than three thousandth of the area of the reflecting material; and filling nitrogen into the prefabricated heat insulation quilt unit for storage.
S2, binding and fixing ring welding: the outer surface of the inner container is degreased, the whole baking dehydration treatment is carried out, the surface dehydration can be carried out by a whole baking mode or a local flame baking mode, then, as shown in the attached drawings 2-4, the middle parts of the end sockets at the two ends of the inner container to be wrapped are connected to a winding tool, so that the inner container to be wrapped can rotate around the circle center, a circle of binding fixing rings 7 are welded at each point of the outer surface of the end sockets at the two ends of the inner container, two rows of binding fixing rings 7 are spot-welded at the outer ring of the inner container barrel, one binding fixing ring 7 at the position of the inner container barrel is arranged at each interval of 300-1000 mm.
S3, coating a cylinder heat insulation quilt 3: referring to the attached drawings 5 and 6, the heat-insulation quilt units are coated outside the cylinder body one by one to form a layer of cylinder body heat-insulation quilt 3, the heat-insulation quilt units are sewn on a binding fixing ring 7 on the outer ring of the cylinder body of the inner container through a sewing thread 8, the heat-insulation quilt units on the same layer are staggered with the starting ends of the adjacent heat-insulation quilt units, namely the adjacent subunits take the A position/B position as the starting position respectively, the heat-insulation quilt units are coated outside the cylinder body one by one to form a layer of cylinder body heat-insulation quilt 3, the annular abutted seams of the adjacent heat-insulation quilt units are overlapped.
S4, coating of a seal head heat insulation quilt 5: and coating the heat-insulating quilt units one by one at the end socket position by coating one layer of the cylinder heat-insulating quilt 3 to form one layer of the end socket heat-insulating quilt 5, overlapping and splicing the cylinder heat-insulating quilt and the end socket heat-insulating quilt on the same layer, wherein the overlapping C of the overlapping and splicing of the cylinder heat-insulating quilt 5 and the cylinder heat-insulating quilt 3 on the same layer is 50-200 mm as shown in figure 7.
S5, determining the total thickness of the cylinder heat-insulating quilt 3 according to the layer density of 30 screens/cm, repeating S3-S4, coating the cylinder heat-insulating quilt 3 and the end enclosure heat-insulating quilt 5 layer by layer in sequence from a low-temperature end to a normal-temperature end, enabling the cylinder heat-insulating quilt and the end enclosure heat-insulating quilt to reach the designed thickness, enabling the annular abutted seams and the longitudinal abutted seams of the adjacent two layers of cylinder heat-insulating quilts to be staggered, enabling the annular abutted seams to be staggered to be larger than or equal to 200mm, enabling the longitudinal abutted seams to be staggered to be larger than or equal to 500mm, enabling the radial abutted seams of the heat-insulating quilt units of the two layers of end enclosure heat-insulating quilts to be staggered to be larger than or equal to 15 degrees, enabling the annular abutted seams of the adjacent two layers of end enclosure heat-insulating quilt and the cylinder heat-insulating quilt to be staggered to be.
S6, binding pipeline heat insulation quilt 6: cutting the heat-insulation quilt units according to the thickness and the length of the pipeline, determining the number of layers of the wrapped heat-insulation quilt units on the pipeline according to the number of layers of the reflection materials in each layer of the heat-insulation quilt units, wrapping the cut heat-insulation quilt units on the pipeline layer by layer to form a pipeline heat-insulation quilt 6, enabling the pipeline heat-insulation quilt to comprise 20-30 layers of reflection materials, wrapping the pipeline heat-insulation quilt 6 with a layer of glass fiber cloth 9, and wrapping the outer layer of the pipeline heat-insulation quilt 6 with a glass fiber band to wrap the glass fiber cloth 9 as shown in the attached figure 8 after the pipeline heat-;
s7, sewing the end socket heat insulation quilt 5 on a binding and fixing ring 7 on the outer surface of the end socket by using a sewing thread 8, and permanently binding the barrel and the end socket in a grid shape like a Chinese character 'jing' by using alkali-free glass fiber bands 10 as shown in attached figures 9 and 10, wherein the distance between the adjacent alkali-free glass fiber bands 10 is 300-500 mm.
S8, binding, supporting and heat-insulating quilt 4: filling heat insulating materials in the support, determining the number of the heat insulating quilt units arranged at two ends of the support according to the number of the reflecting materials in each heat insulating quilt unit, and placing 10 layers of heat insulating quilt units of the reflecting materials at two ends of the support to form a support heat insulating quilt 4;
s9, a plurality of air holes are formed in the end socket heat insulation quilt 5 at the adsorbent cabin, and the diameter of each air hole is 8 mm.
S10, before the inner container 1 coated with the heat insulation quilt is sleeved into the outer container 2, the exposed parts of the wrapping tools arranged at the centers of the end sockets at the two ends of the inner container are plugged and sewn by the cake-shaped full-unit heat insulation quilt.
Effects of the embodiment
The final index for measuring the performance of a high vacuum multi-layer heat insulation low-temperature container is 'maintenance time', and the longer the index is, the less heat leaking into the inner container from the environment through the high vacuum multi-layer heat insulation interlayer is, and the better the heat insulation performance of the container is.
In 2016-2017, a research institute and a logistics limited company develop an LNG tank and water combined transportation test point project, and domestic 4 famous manufacturers of low-temperature containers participate in performance competition.
In 2016, 9 months to 10 months, 2 LNG container containers of 40 feet are coated by the coating method of the high-efficiency vacuum multilayer low-temperature heat insulation structure of the invention, and the heat insulation is divided into 15 layers of heat insulation quilt units. After the interlayer is pumped out, the product is transported to a certain storage yard of Jiujiang for nondestructive storage testing. Also tested at the same time were 2 same-specification LNG containers produced by the company implementing its own insulation and cladding process, and 12 same-specification LNG containers produced by the remaining 3 manufacturers. The specifications and design parameters of the tank box are the same, and the action pressure of the safety valve is 0.8 MPa. The reference tank box adopts the same test method and requirements, the basic flow is filling → thermal balance → valve closing → nondestructive storage → safety valve take-off, and the test is finished. The time for sealing after heat balance is 2016, 12 months, 27 days and 28 days, respectively, according to the filling time. The test end time is 2017, 6 and 18 days, only 3 tank safety valves are left before jumping at the end, wherein two tank using the technology are provided, the maintenance time of the tank filled with LIN (liquid nitrogen) medium and LNG (liquefied natural gas) medium is 173 days and 172 days respectively, and the tank pressure is 0.56MPa and 0.27MPa respectively at the end of the test; the calculated maintaining time of the two tanks is 221 days of LIN medium and 458 days of LNG medium respectively by calculating the action pressure of the safety valve to be 0.8 MPa. The medium of the third un-jumped tank is LNG, the tank is maintained for 172 days at the end, the pressure in the tank is 0.71MPa at the end, and the safety valve of the tank jumps at the final time of 184 days. The test maintenance time of another two tank boxes manufactured by a company in Jiangxi is 71 days for LIN medium and 123 days for LNG medium. See table 1 for details:
table 1: maintaining time test recording table
The table above lists the 2017 year 6 month 18 day field safety valve non-tripping company tank data. As can be seen from the above table, the maintenance time is increased by 210% (LIN medium) and 270% (LNG medium) respectively, compared to 4 reference products of jiujiang X corporation, 2 tanks in which the technology of the present invention is implemented, and tanks in which the technology of the present invention is not implemented.
Table 2 shows the main technical indexes of the product of the company X in western and jiangxi provinces and other domestic mainstream tank products, and the national standard requirements, and the low temperature performance parameters in the table are measured values. At present, the performance indexes of domestic mainstream LNG tanks are as follows: determination and test analysis of the low-temperature performance index of multi-type intermodal LNG tanks (Zhouweiming, Shenmill, Teng Jun Hua) is disclosed in pressure vessel 2018, volume 35, No. 8. The authors concluded a series of conclusions after low temperature performance tests were performed on 5 domestic mainstream LNG tank manufacturers producing 40 feet LNG tanks in 2017-2018.
TABLE 2 comparison of 40 feet LNG tank and domestic mainstream tank hold times for the practice of the invention
The data in tables 1 and 2 show that the coating method of the high-efficiency vacuum multi-layer low-temperature heat-insulating structure can improve the heat-insulating performance of the implemented product by times, the heat-insulating performance can completely prevent the BOG phenomenon of the implemented product, the basic problem troubling the industry is solved, and the method has considerable social benefit. The LNG container with the service life of 40 feet can be maintained for more than 300 days, so that the LNG container completely has strategic storage capacity and has considerable national safety benefit.
The present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, but the description is only for the preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All equivalent changes and modifications made within the scope of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A coating method of a high-efficiency vacuum multi-layer low-temperature heat-insulating structure is characterized in that: which comprises the following steps:
s1, prefabricating a heat insulation quilt unit: compounding the interval material and the reflecting material layer by layer to form a heat-insulating quilt unit;
s2, binding and fixing ring welding: welding and binding fixing rings on end sockets at two ends of the inner container and the outer ring of the inner container barrel;
s3, coating a cylinder heat insulation quilt: the heat insulation quilt units are coated outside the cylinder body one by one to form a layer of cylinder body heat insulation quilt, the heat insulation quilt units are sewn on the binding fixing rings on the outer ring of the cylinder body of the inner container by using sewing threads, the heat insulation quilt units of the same layer of cylinder body are staggered with the starting ends of the adjacent heat insulation quilt units, and the adjacent heat insulation quilt units are overlapped in an annular splicing way;
s4, coating of a seal head heat insulation quilt: coating the heat insulation quilt units one by one at the end socket position every time one layer of cylinder heat insulation quilt is coated to form an end socket heat insulation quilt, and overlapping the cylinder heat insulation quilt and the end socket heat insulation quilt at the same layer;
s5, repeating S3-S4, coating the cylinder heat-insulating quilt and the end enclosure heat-insulating quilt layer by layer according to the sequence from the low-temperature end to the normal-temperature end, wherein the annular joints and the longitudinal joints of the heat-insulating quilt which correspond to the inside and the outside of the two adjacent layers of cylinder heat-insulating quilts are staggered with each other, the radial joints of the heat-insulating quilt units of the two adjacent layers of end enclosure heat-insulating quilts are staggered, and the annular joints of the two adjacent layers of end enclosure heat-insulating quilts and the cylinder heat-insulating;
s6, binding the pipeline heat insulation quilt: the cut heat-insulation quilt units are bound on the pipeline layer by layer to form a pipeline heat-insulation quilt, a layer of glass fiber cloth is coated on the outer layer of the pipeline heat-insulation quilt, and the glass fiber cloth is bound by a glass fiber band;
s7, sewing the end socket heat insulation quilt on the binding fixing ring on the outer surface of the inner end socket, and permanently binding the barrel heat insulation quilt on the outermost layer and the end socket heat insulation quilt;
s8, wrapping, supporting and heat-insulating quilt: filling heat insulating materials in the support, placing heat insulating quilt units at two ends of the support to form a support heat insulating quilt;
s9, a plurality of air holes are formed in the end socket heat insulation quilt at the adsorbent cabin.
2. The coating method of the high-efficiency vacuum multi-layer low-temperature heat-insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein: when the heat-insulation quilt unit is prefabricated in the S1 mode, the edge of the spacing material exceeds the edge of the reflecting material by 3-5 mm, a plurality of air holes are formed in the reflecting material, and the total opening area of the air holes does not exceed three thousandth of the area of the reflecting material; each heat-insulating sub-unit comprises 3-5 layers of reflecting materials.
3. The coating method of the high-efficiency vacuum multi-layer low-temperature heat-insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S2, before the binding fixing rings are arranged, the outer surface of the inner container is degreased and dehydrated; two rows of binding fixing rings are spot-welded on the outer surface of the inner container cylinder, one binding fixing ring in the same row is arranged at intervals of 300-1000 mm, and the circular angles of the two rows of binding fixing rings are 60-120 degrees; and welding a circle of binding and fixing ring at each point of the outer surfaces of the end sockets at the two ends of the inner container.
4. The coating method of the high-efficiency vacuum multi-layer low-temperature heat-insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein: in S3, the heat insulation quilt of the same-layer cylinder body is overlapped by 50-100 mm of the annular abutted seam of the quilt unit.
5. The coating method of the high-efficiency vacuum multi-layer low-temperature heat-insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein: and in the S4, the end socket heat insulation quilt and the cylinder heat insulation quilt on the same layer are overlapped by 50-200 mm in an overlapping and splicing way.
6. The coating method of the high-efficiency vacuum multi-layer low-temperature heat-insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein: in the S5, the annular abutted seams of the two adjacent layers of cylinder heat-insulating covers are staggered by more than or equal to 200mm, and the longitudinal abutted seams are staggered by more than or equal to 500 mm; the radial seam stagger of the two adjacent layers of end socket heat insulation quilts is more than or equal to 15 degrees, and the circumferential seam stagger of the two adjacent layers of end socket heat insulation quilts and the cylinder heat insulation quilt is 50-100 mm.
7. The cladding method of the high-efficiency vacuum multi-layer low-temperature heat insulation structure according to claim 2, wherein: in the step S6, the number of layers of the wrapped heat-insulation quilt unit on the pipeline is determined according to the number of layers of the reflection materials in each layer of the heat-insulation quilt unit, and the heat-insulation quilt of the pipeline comprises 20-30 layers of the reflection materials; in S8, the number of insulating sub-units provided at both ends of the support is determined according to the number of reflecting materials in each insulating sub-unit, and the insulating sub-units having 10 layers of reflecting materials placed at both ends of the support are supported.
8. The coating method of the high-efficiency vacuum multi-layer low-temperature heat-insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein: in the S7, alkali-free glass fiber bands are used for permanently bundling the barrel body and the end enclosure in a grid shape like a Chinese character 'jing', and the distance between the adjacent alkali-free glass fiber bands is 300-500 mm.
9. The coating method of the high-efficiency vacuum multi-layer low-temperature heat-insulating structure according to claim 1, wherein: and the diameter of the air holes in the S9 is 2-10 mm.
10. A high-efficiency vacuum multi-layer low-temperature heat insulation structure formed based on the coating method of claim 1 comprises an inner container and an outer container, wherein the inner container comprises a cylinder body and end sockets welded at two ends of the cylinder body, the inner container and the outer container are connected through a support, a vacuum interlayer is formed between the inner container and the outer container, a pipeline penetrating through the outer container is arranged on the inner container, an adsorption cabin is arranged at one end of the end socket, and the high-efficiency vacuum multi-layer low-temperature: binding fixing rings are arranged on the outer surface of the cylinder body and the outer surfaces of the end sockets at the two ends of the cylinder body; the outer side of the cylinder is coated with a plurality of layers of cylinder heat insulation quilts, the cylinder heat insulation quilts are bound and connected with the binding fixing rings on the outer surface of the cylinder, the outer sides of the end enclosures at two ends of the cylinder are coated with a plurality of layers of end enclosure heat insulation quilts, the end enclosure heat insulation quilts are bound and connected with the binding fixing rings on the outer surface of the end enclosure, the outer side of the support is coated with a support heat insulation quilt, and the outer ring of the part of the pipeline positioned;
each layer of cylinder heat-insulating quilt and each layer of end enclosure heat-insulating quilt are formed by splicing heat-insulating quilt units, the starting ends of adjacent heat-insulating quilt units in the same layer of cylinder heat-insulating quilt are staggered, annular splicing seams are overlapped, the annular splicing seams and the longitudinal splicing seams of the adjacent two layers of cylinder heat-insulating quilts are staggered mutually, the cylinder heat-insulating quilt and the end enclosure heat-insulating quilt in the same layer are overlapped, the radial splicing seams of the adjacent two layers of end enclosure heat-insulating quilts are staggered, and the annular splicing seams of the adjacent two layers of cylinder heat-insulating quilts and the end enclosure; the heat insulation of the outermost layer cylinder body is bound with the heat insulation of the end sockets by alkali-free glass fiber belts.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114811271A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-07-29 | 杭州富士达特种材料股份有限公司 | Low temperature vacuum multi-layer thermal insulation structures comprising aerogel materials and methods of use |
| CN115949880A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-04-11 | 杭州富士达特种材料股份有限公司 | Vacuum heat insulation structure for liquid hydrogen container |
| CN116146887A (en) * | 2023-02-03 | 2023-05-23 | 杭州富士达特种材料股份有限公司 | Low-temperature container with layered heat insulation structure and interlayer space vacuum obtaining method thereof |
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2020
- 2020-09-01 CN CN202010943812.5A patent/CN111928108A/en active Pending
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114811271A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-07-29 | 杭州富士达特种材料股份有限公司 | Low temperature vacuum multi-layer thermal insulation structures comprising aerogel materials and methods of use |
| CN115949880A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-04-11 | 杭州富士达特种材料股份有限公司 | Vacuum heat insulation structure for liquid hydrogen container |
| CN115949880B (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-10-20 | 杭州富士达特种材料股份有限公司 | Vacuum heat insulation structure for liquid hydrogen container |
| CN116146887A (en) * | 2023-02-03 | 2023-05-23 | 杭州富士达特种材料股份有限公司 | Low-temperature container with layered heat insulation structure and interlayer space vacuum obtaining method thereof |
| CN116146887B (en) * | 2023-02-03 | 2023-10-31 | 杭州富士达特种材料股份有限公司 | Low-temperature container with layered heat insulation structure and interlayer space vacuum obtaining method thereof |
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