CN111927438A - Monitoring device and monitoring method for liquid level of anti-overflow pipe while drilling - Google Patents
Monitoring device and monitoring method for liquid level of anti-overflow pipe while drilling Download PDFInfo
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- CN111927438A CN111927438A CN202011092593.0A CN202011092593A CN111927438A CN 111927438 A CN111927438 A CN 111927438A CN 202011092593 A CN202011092593 A CN 202011092593A CN 111927438 A CN111927438 A CN 111927438A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
- E21B47/12—Means for transmitting measuring-signals or control signals from the well to the surface, or from the surface to the well, e.g. for logging while drilling
Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for monitoring the liquid level of an anti-overflow pipe while drilling. The device comprises a reflection unit, a laser emission unit, a laser receiving unit, a processing unit and a calculation unit, wherein the reflection unit comprises n reflection assemblies; the laser emission unit is arranged at a first position in the overflow preventing pipe and can emit laser to the reflecting plate of the reflecting assembly; the laser receiving unit is arranged on the upper side of the inner wall of the overflow preventing pipe and can receive laser reflected by the reflecting plates of m reflecting assemblies, wherein m is less than or equal to n; the processing unit can process the laser received by the laser receiving unit to obtain a laser incident angle; the calculation unit can determine the liquid level or the height of accumulated settled sand by using the incident angle of the laser. The method comprises the step of monitoring by adopting the device. The beneficial effects of the invention can include: the method has the advantages of high detection speed, stable and accurate performance, more flexible application scene and capability of remarkably reducing the risk of drilling fluid loss and the risk of personal injury in a limited space.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of petroleum and natural gas, in particular to a device and a method for monitoring the liquid level of an anti-overflow pipe while drilling.
Background
The flow change condition of the outlet drilling fluid in the drilling process is an important observation parameter for representing the flow, the speed and the property of the mixed liquid of the drilling fluid and the downhole fluid returning to the ground. If other working conditions are unchanged, the flow of the drilling fluid is reduced, so that lost circulation is possible, and the lost circulation is a phenomenon that the drilling fluid which is harmful, difficult to find and difficult to determine in the field of petroleum engineering is influenced by geological or engineering reasons and is leaked into a stratum, so that the economic loss of the drilling fluid is lost, and the stratum pollution, the borehole wall instability and even the blowout risk are possible to cause; if the flow of the outlet drilling fluid is suddenly increased under the condition that other conditions are almost unchanged, large-scale invasion of formation fluid can occur, and the probability of dangerous situations such as overflow, well kick, blowout and the like is greatly increased, so that outlet flow detection while drilling is an important task in the drilling process.
On-site geology and engineering personnel usually rely on outlet flow observation to find the phenomenon of lost circulation or drilling fluid overflow, and are limited by well site conditions and actual working conditions, the monitoring of the flow change condition of the drilling fluid at the outlet of the pipeline ground in the drilling process usually depends on traditional flow detectors such as a target type flow detector, but the flow monitoring is difficult to accurately measure due to sediment burying, flow mutation, design defects of the target type device and other uncertain factors, and a new device for measuring and evaluating the flow change condition of the outlet while drilling is necessary to be introduced to improve the existing measuring mode.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, it is an object of the present invention to address one or more of the problems in the prior art as set forth above. For example, one of the objectives of the present invention is to provide an anti-overflow while drilling fluid level monitoring device and monitoring method with fast and stable detection speed.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides an anti-overflow pipe while drilling liquid level monitoring device. The apparatus may comprise: the anti-overflow pipe comprises a reflection unit, a laser emission unit, a laser receiving unit, a processing unit and a calculation unit, wherein the reflection unit comprises n reflection assemblies, n is larger than or equal to 1, each reflection assembly comprises a slide rail, a lifting mechanism and a reflection plate, the slide rails are vertically arranged in the anti-overflow pipe, the reflection plates are arranged on the slide rails and can slide up and down along the slide rails under the action of at least one force of gravity, buoyancy and driving force, and the lifting mechanisms can provide the driving force; the laser emission unit is arranged at a first position in the overflow-proof pipe and can emit laser to the reflecting plates of the n reflecting assemblies, and the first position is higher than the liquid level in the overflow-proof pipe or the height of deposited sediment; the laser receiving unit is arranged on the upper side of the inner wall of the overflow preventing pipe and can receive laser reflected by the reflecting plates of m reflecting assemblies, wherein m is less than or equal to n; the processing unit can process the laser received by the laser receiving unit to obtain m laser incident angles, the m laser incident angles can correspond to the m reflection assemblies one by one, and the laser incident angle is an included angle between the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit and a vertical line; the computing unit can determine the liquid level represented by the reflecting plates of the m reflecting assemblies or the height of accumulated settled sand by using the laser incidence angle.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the device for monitoring the liquid level of the anti-overflow pipe while drilling, n is larger than or equal to 2, n reflecting assemblies can be distributed along the radial direction of the anti-overflow pipe, and the laser emitting unit can scan reflecting plates of the n reflecting assemblies by emitting laser.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the while-drilling anti-overflow pipe liquid level monitoring device of the present invention, the upper plate surface of the reflection plate may have a reflection response point, and the computing unit determines the second reflection assembly of the m reflection assemblies by using equation 1iThe liquid level or the accumulated grit height represented by the reflecting plate of each reflecting assembly,
formula 1 is:
，
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is as followsiThe liquid level or the accumulated grit height represented by the reflecting plate of each reflecting assembly,
is the first position and the second positioniThe vertical distance between the sliding rails of the individual reflective elements,
is an included angle between the first connecting line and the vertical line,
is the angle of incidence of the laser light,
the thickness of the reflector is determined by the first line which is a straight line connecting the first position and the second position along the first positioniThe straight line of the downward extension of the slide rail of each reflection assembly is intersected with the inner wall of the anti-overflow pipe.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the device for monitoring the liquid level of the anti-overflow pipe while drilling of the invention, the device may further comprise a display unit, wherein the display unit may be capable of displaying a first image, the first image comprises m curves, the m curves and the m reflection assemblies may be in one-to-one correspondence, each curve reflects a condition that a corresponding height changes with time, and the corresponding height is a liquid level represented by a reflection plate of the reflection assembly corresponding to the curve or a height of accumulated settled sand.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the device for monitoring the liquid level of the anti-overflow pipe while drilling, the device may further include a simulation unit and a display unit, wherein the simulation unit may simulate a liquid level-sediment curve of a radial cross section of the anti-overflow pipe according to the liquid level or the height of the sediment accumulation represented by the reflecting plates of the m reflecting assemblies calculated by the calculating unit, and the liquid level-sediment curve is displayed by the display unit.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the device for monitoring the liquid level of the while-drilling anti-overflow pipe, the reflection assembly may further comprise a buoy, a deceleration baffle and a stopper, wherein the buoy is arranged below the reflection plate and can enable the reflection plate to float on the liquid level of drilling fluid or accumulated settled sand; the speed reduction baffle is positioned on one side of the reflecting plate, and the plate surface of the speed reduction baffle is vertical to the flowing direction of the drilling fluid; the limiting stopper is arranged at the upper end of the sliding rail and can limit the upward displacement of the reflecting plate.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the device for monitoring the liquid level of the anti-overflow pipe while drilling, n is more than or equal to 2, the device further comprises a flow abnormity judgment unit which can determine that the flow abnormity judgment unit is capable of determining
Or
In a size of
Or
In the case of (1), it is determined that the wellhead flow rate is abnormal, wherein,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for the m reflecting componentsiThe liquid level or the height of deposited sand represented by each reflecting plate,
is as followsi-the level of the liquid or the height of the accumulated settled sand, characterized by 1 reflector plate,
is 1 st to 1 thiThe sum of the liquid level represented by each reflecting plate or the height of deposited sediment,
is 1 st to 1 thiThe sum of the levels of liquid or the height of accumulated settled sand characterized by 1 reflector.
According to an exemplary embodiment of the anti-spill while drilling fluid level monitoring apparatus of the present invention,
The invention provides a method for monitoring the liquid level of the anti-overflow pipe while drilling on the other hand. The monitoring method may comprise the steps of: the anti-overflow pipe is internally provided with n reflection assemblies, wherein n is more than or equal to 1, each reflection assembly comprises a sliding rail, a lifting mechanism and a reflection plate, the sliding rails are vertically arranged in the anti-overflow pipe, the reflection plates are arranged on the sliding rails and can slide up and down along the sliding rails under the action of at least one of gravity, buoyancy and driving force, and the lifting mechanisms can provide the driving force; under the condition that drilling fluid flows in the anti-overflow pipe, the reflecting plates of the n reflecting assemblies are lowered along the sliding rails to be in contact with the liquid level of the drilling fluid or deposited sand; emitting laser to the reflecting plates of the n reflecting assemblies at a first position in the overflow preventing pipe, and receiving laser signals reflected by the reflecting plates of the m reflecting assemblies, wherein the first position is higher than the liquid level of the drilling fluid or the height of accumulated settled sand, and m is less than or equal to n; processing the received laser signals to obtain m laser incident angles, wherein the m laser incident angles can correspond to the m reflection assemblies one by one, and the laser incident angle is an included angle between laser emitted by the laser emitting unit and a vertical line; and determining the liquid level represented by the reflecting plates of the m reflecting assemblies or the height of deposited sediment by using the laser incidence angle.
According to one or more exemplary embodiments of the monitoring method for the liquid level of the anti-overflow pipe while drilling, n is larger than or equal to 2, the upper plate surface of the reflecting plate is provided with a reflecting response point, and the first reflecting assembly in the m reflecting assemblies is determined by using formula 1iThe liquid level or the accumulated grit height represented by the reflecting plate of each reflecting assembly,
formula 1 is:
，
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is as followsiThe liquid level or the accumulated grit height represented by the reflecting plate of each reflecting assembly,
is the first position and the second positioniThe vertical distance between the sliding rails of the individual reflective elements,
is an included angle between the first connecting line and the vertical line,
is the angle of incidence of the laser light,
the thickness of the reflector is determined by the first line which is a straight line connecting the first position and the second position along the first positioniThe straight line of the downward extension of the slide rail of each reflection assembly is intersected with the inner wall of the anti-overflow pipe.
The invention relates to a while-drilling anti-overflow pipe liquid level monitoring methodOne or more exemplary embodiments of the method, the method can further comprise the steps of: determining
Or
In a size of
Or
In the case of (1), it is determined that the wellhead flow rate is abnormal, wherein,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the height of the liquid level or the accumulated settled sand which is characterized by the reflecting plate of the ith reflecting assembly in the m reflecting assemblies,
is as followsi-the liquid level or the height of the deposited sand, characterized by the reflecting plates of 1 reflecting assembly,
is the sum of the liquid level or the height of accumulated settled sand which is characterized by the reflecting plates of the 1 st to the ith reflecting assemblies,
is 1 st to 1 thi-the sum of the levels of liquid or the height of the accumulated settled sand, characterized by the reflective plates of 1 reflective assembly.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention can include: the detection speed is high, and the flow change can be monitored at the first time; the performance is stable, accurate and high in automation degree; the monitoring device has rich functions; the application scene is more flexible, the matching device is miniaturized, the safety and environmental protection standard of field operation is met, and the risk of drilling fluid loss and the personal injury risk in a limited space can be obviously reduced.
Drawings
The above and other objects and features of the present invention will become more apparent from the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of an anti-overflow while drilling fluid level monitoring device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic view of the reflective assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 3 shows a schematic view of the present invention after quadrant division of the radial cross-section of the anti-spill pipe;
FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of a reflector plate of the present invention reflecting laser light;
FIG. 5 shows a schematic view of a first image of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows a schematic view of a second image of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic flow chart of the monitoring method for the level of the anti-overflow pipe while drilling according to the present invention.
Description of the main reference numerals:
11-slide rail, 12-lifting mechanism, 13-reflection plate, 14-buoy, 15-support, 16-speed reduction baffle, 17-limiter, 20-excitation device, 30-laser receiving plate and 40-overflow prevention pipe.
Detailed Description
Hereinafter, the anti-spill while drilling fluid level monitoring device and the monitoring method of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and exemplary embodiments.
The invention provides an anti-overflow pipe while drilling liquid level monitoring device.
In one exemplary embodiment of the anti-spill while drilling fluid level monitoring apparatus of the present invention, the apparatus may comprise a reflection unit, a laser emission unit, a laser reception unit, a processing unit, and a calculation unit.
Wherein, the reflection unit may comprise n reflection assemblies arranged along the radial direction of the overflow preventing pipe, for example, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 11, etc. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, each reflection assembly includes a slide rail 11, a lifting mechanism 12, and a reflection plate 13. The slide rail 11 can be a straight rod, the slide rail 11 can be vertically arranged in the overflow prevention pipe 40, the upper end of the slide rail 11 can be fixed on the inner wall of the upper part of the overflow prevention pipe 40, and the lower end of the slide rail 11 can be suspended and also can be fixed on the inner wall of the lower part of the overflow prevention pipe 40. The reflective plate 13 may be connected to the slide rail and can slide up and down along the slide rail, for example, may slide down and up along the slide rail under the action of gravity, may slide up and down along the height of the liquid level, and may slide up and down along the slide rail 11 under the action of the lifting mechanism 12. As shown in fig. 1, 8 reflection plates 13 are distributed along the radial direction of the overflow preventing pipe 40, and in the case that drilling fluid flows through the inside of the overflow preventing pipe, a plurality of reflection plates 13 may be located on different drilling fluid levels or piled settled sands to represent different levels or heights of the piled settled sands.
The laser emitting unit may comprise an excitation device 20 as shown in fig. 1, and the excitation device 20 may be located M above the drilling fluid or sediment inside the overflow prevention pipe 40, i.e. a first position, M being above the level of the fluid or the height of the sediment. The excitation device 20 can be fixed on the inner wall of the overflow prevention pipe 40 through a connecting rod, and the excitation device 20 comprises a probe, and laser emitted by the probe can scan all the reflecting plates. The scanning mode may be an uninterrupted back and forth scanning, or a one-cycle scanning or a half-cycle scanning, which may be confirmed according to actual situations.
The laser receiving unit can be arranged on the upper side of the inner wall of the overflow preventing pipe 40 and can receive the laser reflected by the m reflecting plates, wherein m is less than or equal to n, namely the laser receiving unit can receive the laser reflected by all or part of the reflecting plates. The laser receiving unit may include a laser receiving plate 30 as shown in fig. 1, and the laser receiving plate 30 and the laser emitting unit may be located at both sides of the inside of the flash prevention pipe 40.
The processing unit can process the laser received by the laser receiving unit to obtain m laser incident angles, the laser incident angles can correspond to the m reflecting plates one by one, and the laser incident angles are included angles between the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit and the vertical line. The processing performed by the processing unit may include low-pass filtering.
The calculation unit can determine the liquid level represented by the reflecting plate of the at least 1 reflecting assembly or the height of deposited sediment by utilizing the information such as the laser incidence angle.
In this embodiment, the cross section (i.e. radial section) of the extending direction of the vertical pipeline of the drilling anti-overflow pipe is a regular circular or quasi-circular two-dimensional plane, and the circle center of the circular or quasi-circular plane is drawn to form a vertical intersecting horizontal and vertical diameter line, so that the cross section of the circular or quasi-circular plane can be divided into four quadrants, such as quadrant i, quadrant ii, quadrant iii and quadrant iv shown in fig. 3. The fixing device is additionally arranged inside the overflow preventing pipe 40, the exciting device 20 and the laser receiving plate 30 are arranged in two quadrants (quadrant I and quadrant IV) above the circular section, and other auxiliary devices such as a control circuit and the like can be arranged.
In this embodiment, the laser emitting unit may use the laser vertical horizontal plane as one end point, and the intersection point of the third and fourth quadrants on the circumference as the other end pointaScanning at low speed between two endpoints, vaCan be 1-2 angular amplitude/second. The laser emitting unit can emit laser rays matched with the phase parameters of the reflecting unit and the laser receiving unit.
In this embodiment, fig. 2 shows a schematic view of the reflection assembly of the present invention, wherein (a), (b) and (c) are respectively a front view, a left side view and a right side view.
Further, the reflection plate 13 shown in fig. 2 can also slide down the slide rail 11 by the lifting mechanism 12. The reflection plate 13 may be circular.
Further, the reflective plate 13 can be fixed at a certain height by the lifting mechanism 12, for example, the lifting mechanism 12 can lift the reflective plate 13 to the highest position along the slide rail 11, and then maintain the position of the reflective plate 13 even if the reflective plate 13 is kept in the lifted state.
Further, the upper end of the slide rail 11 may be provided with a stopper 17 to limit the reflection plate 13 from rising too high. The stop 17 may be a spider collar.
In this embodiment, the lift mechanism 12 shown in FIG. 2 may include a folding boom and a drive member.
In this embodiment, the upper plate surface of the reflective plate may be provided with a reflective response point, for example, only the center of the reflective response point may be provided with the reflective response point, and the rest of the reflective response point does not have the reflective capability; the reflection response point is also covered with at least one layer of hydrophobic and oleophobic transparent material, and the smearing and the fouling of drilling fluid and downhole fluid are prevented while laser is allowed to be injected and emitted.
Further, the apparatus may further include a cleaning agent pressure jet head attached to the top of the overflow preventing pipe to clean the reflecting member, the receiving plate, etc., for example, to clean the reflecting plate in a state of being held by being lifted up on the reflecting plate.
In this embodiment, the reflection assembly may further include a float 14 as shown in fig. 2, and the float 14 may be disposed at the bottom of the reflection plate 13 to float the reflection plate 13 on the drilling fluid level or the settled sand. Under the action of the buoy 14, the reflecting plate 13 can float and lift along the slide rail 11 by a small amount.
Further, a bracket 15 shown in fig. 2 may be provided between the reflection plate 13 and the float 14, and in case of heavy sediment and low liquid flow, the reflection plate 13 may be protected by the slightly protruded bracket 15 and seated on the sediment.
In this embodiment, the reflection assembly may further include a deceleration baffle 16 as shown in fig. 2, and the deceleration baffle 16 may be located on one side of the reflection plate 13 and its plate surface is perpendicular to the flow direction of the drilling fluid. The deceleration baffles 16 may be used to protect the reflection assembly from direct impingement of large flows of drilling fluid and other mixed flows.
In this embodiment, fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the ith reflector after sorting the reflectors to reflect laser light, and C is a reflection response point on the reflector. The calculation unit may determine the liquid level or the accumulated grit height represented by each reflector by using equation 1, and each reflector may be sequentially labeled as 1 st, 2 nd, … th, i, … th, and n reflectors according to the direction from the laser emitting unit to the laser receiving unit, where n is the total number of reflectors, and of course, the reflectors may be sorted in the opposite direction.
Formula 1 is:
，
，
wherein the content of the first and second substances,x i is as followsiThe liquid level or the accumulated grit height represented by each reflecting plate,D i 'the distance between the first position M and the second position B in figure 4, a i is the first position M and the second positioniThe vertical distance between the tracks of the individual reflective elements, also referred to as the distance between C and N in figure 4,
is the angle between a first line, which is a first line M and a second line B, and a second line, which is a line perpendicular to the horizontal, such as the line MN in figure 4,
is the laser incidence angle, namely the included angle between the third connecting line MC and the second connecting line MN,h i is as followsiThe thickness of the reflecting plate is the second positioniAnd a position B where a straight line extending downwards from the slide rail of the reflection assembly meets the inner wall of the overflow prevention pipe.
The first position M, the second position B and the third position C may all be approximately 1 infinitesimal point.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the laser incident angle can be obtained by collecting strong reflection signals and carrying out low-pass filtering processing. The angle of incidence can be obtained by combining parameters of the rotating probe (such as speed, time, angle, etc.), the position of the reflecting plate, and the information of the received signal.
In this embodiment, the receiving board will collect the reflected laser signal with position and incident angle information, and the number of strong signals may be less than or equal to the number of reflecting boards considering the possible diffuse reflection interference, reflecting board contamination or missing detection condition, for which the reflected laser signal may be corresponded to the reflecting board by the time difference, that is, the receiving board will receive a series of strong signals except the background noise in synchronization with the time of the probe rotation.
In this embodiment, under the rule of standard installation, the angle interval of the probe scanning may be:
In the case of a non-standard installation, the angular interval of the probe scan may be:
The standard installation means that the extension line of the connecting fixing rod of the connecting probe passes through the center of the cross section of the anti-overflow pipe. The non-standard installation means that the extension line of the bracket connected with the probe does not pass through the center of the cross section of the anti-overflow pipe.
Wherein, the first quadrant is provided with a laser excitation device, the emission end of the laser excitation device can be approximate to 1 infinite point, the connecting fixing rod is perpendicular to the pipe wall of the anti-overflow pipe, and the distance between the connecting fixing rod and the pipe wall of the anti-overflow pipe isd'Emitting laser rays matching the parameters of the reflecting and receiving means and proceeding in a clockwise direction starting from a vertical horizontal planeAt a low speed (given an angular velocity ofv a The numerical value is usually 1-2 angular amplitude/second), and the scanning can be stopped at the intersection point of the ray, the third III quadrant and the fourth IV quadrant on the circumference in the angular travel, and the angle between the incident track of the ray and the vertical direction in the instantaneous state when the scanning is stoppedφThe calculation method is as follows:
After the scanning is stopped, the transmitting terminal returns to the original position and starts the next scanning.
Then the total time from the start of the scanning at the transmitting end to the completion of one scanning and stopping
Comprises the following steps:
in the case of a non-standard installation, there is a clockwise angleθ' with the offset angle, the probe can complete a single pass scan with the standard installation condition
And (5) the consistency is achieved.
And (3) setting the short-distance stroke of the short-distance laser for completing excitation, incidence, reflection and reception to be instantly completed, wherein the time is infinitesimal, and the time for transmitting the laser by the transmitting end is approximately equal to the time for acquiring by the receiving end.
Therefore, the scanning frequency only considers the time for the transmitting end to return to the initial state (the transmitting direction is vertical to the horizontal plane)t b
（t b Can be combined witht a Same) as the above-described overall demandt a Thus, one complete scanning cyclet t Can be expressed as:t t= t a+ t b . The scanning frequency is consistent with the sampling frequency, and both are:
in this embodiment, the apparatus may further include a display unit capable of displaying the first image and/or the second image.
The first image can comprise at least a plurality of curves, the number of the curves is the same as that of the reflecting assemblies, the curves can correspond to one another, each curve reflects the change condition of the corresponding height along with time, and the corresponding height is the liquid level represented by the reflecting plate of the corresponding reflecting assembly or the height of deposited sediment. As shown in FIG. 5, the liquid level or the height of accumulated settled sand represented by each reflecting plate is plotted by the time as the ordinate
Respectively drawing eight curves of liquid level-sand sediment height corresponding to each reflecting plate for the abscissa, and additionally drawing the average value of data corresponding to the eight curves
Thereby continuously recording during the effective scanning time
The variation of (2).
The second image can show a simulated cross-sectional view of the liquid level-settled sand in the overflow prevention pipe, such as the simulated effect diagram shown in FIG. 6
～
The liquid level or the accumulated grit height is characterized by 8 reflecting plates. In the display unit canAnd under the condition of displaying the second graph, the device further comprises a simulation unit, wherein the simulation unit can simulate a liquid level-sediment curve of the radial cross section of the overflow preventing pipe according to the liquid level represented by the reflecting plates of the plurality of reflecting assemblies or the height of the deposited sediment calculated by the calculating unit, and the liquid level-sediment curve is displayed through a second image. The simulation unit can compensate the liquid level-settled sand height values among the reflecting plates, between the reflecting plates and the side near inner wall through interpolation.
In this embodiment, the apparatus may further include a flow abnormality determination unit capable of determining that the flow abnormality is present
Or
According to the size of
Or
And judging the flow condition. Wherein, in
Or
Under the condition, the wellhead flow is judged to be abnormal, wherein the values of a and b are determined according to needs, for example, a can be 0.15-0.25, such as 0.2, and b can be 0.08-0.12, such as 0.1.
E.g. at a setting such as at a exploratory well
Or
If so, it is determined as lost circulation.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is as followsiThe liquid level or the height of deposited sand represented by each reflecting plate,
is as followsi-the level of the liquid or the height of the accumulated settled sand, characterized by 1 reflector plate,
is 1 st to 1 thiThe sum of the liquid level represented by each reflecting plate or the height of deposited sediment,
is 1 st to 1 thiThe sum of the levels of liquid or the height of accumulated settled sand characterized by 1 reflector.
For a better understanding of the above exemplary embodiments, the monitoring device of the present invention is described below in connection with the attitude adjustment of the reflection assembly.
The switching of the two working states of reflector attitude adjustment and reflector readiness is repeated with unequal depth span (time) bounded by each pump-stop and drilling tool-receiving node as a cycle, and with a single cycle in the drilling process as a boundary, the description is as follows:
(1) pump down lift period
When the drilling action stops, the pump is stopped and a single joint is connected, the flow of the anti-overflow pipe is sharply reduced or cut off, after the receiving plate receives the first group of laser reflection signals after the cut-off, the reflection surface contacted with the bottom of the anti-overflow pipe through a buoy and a punctiform support (namely a support) is upwards arranged along the vertical slide rail through a lifting mechanism with a folding cantilever until the top position of the support collar is used as a limiter.
(2) Is increased to the top retention period
After the reflecting plate, the buoy, the support, the speed reducing plate and the like are lifted to the support coupling with the top playing a limiting role, the flow of drilling fluid at the outlet of the inner pipe of the overflow-preventing pipe is reduced or even cut off due to the engineering reasons of stopping the pump, lifting the drilling tool to connect a single drill pipe and the like, and the reflecting plate keeps the lifting posture until the pump is restarted, and the drilling tool is put down to prepare for re-drilling. The purpose of the lifting-up and top-keeping is to prevent large flow drilling fluid and sand setting mixture from flowing into the inner pipe of the anti-overflow pipe after the pump is restarted to impact the reflecting plate, so that pollution and sand burying are caused.
(3) Pump-on lowering period
When the working condition is changed to open a circulating pump and put a drilling tool downwards, the flow in the overflow preventing pipe is recovered, the braking is cancelled when the reflecting plate is put halfway downwards, the movable assembly of the reflecting plate carrying the buoy and the support slides downwards freely along with the vertical sliding rail under the action of acceleration and gravity, the drilling liquid level on the inner wall of the overflow preventing pipe is controlled by the buoy to be limited by the sliding rail to float and lift slightly within a certain vertical range, and if more settled sand and less liquid flow exist, the support which is slightly protruded is used for protecting and sitting on the settled sand deposit. The deceleration baffles serve to protect the reflector plate assembly from direct impact of large flows of drilling fluid and other mixed flows.
(4) Bottom run holding period
The mixture is put into the overflow preventing pipe from free falling to the bottom of the inner wall of the overflow preventing pipe to be directly contacted with the settled sand of the inner wall or the drilling liquid level and continuously scanned at a frequency ftThe continuous scanning detection and the collection detection are carried out until the pump is stopped and the next drilling tool lifting position is prepared, and a complete receiver attitude adjusting period is completed.
The invention provides a method for monitoring the liquid level of the anti-overflow pipe while drilling on the other hand.
In an exemplary embodiment of the while-drilling anti-overflow pipe liquid level monitoring method of the invention, the detection method may comprise monitoring by using the while-drilling anti-overflow pipe liquid level monitoring device.
In another exemplary embodiment of the while drilling anti-spill pipe liquid level monitoring method of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7, the detection method may comprise the steps of:
s10: n reflection assemblies are arranged in the anti-overflow pipe, and the reflection assemblies can be the reflection assemblies in the exemplary embodiment of the anti-overflow pipe while drilling liquid level monitoring device. Wherein n is more than or equal to 1, the reflecting plate in the reflecting assembly can be positioned at the upper end of the sliding rail, and the reflecting plate can be kept in a lifting posture by a lifting mechanism.
S20: and under the condition that the drilling fluid flows in the anti-overflow pipe, the reflecting plates of the n reflecting assemblies are lowered to the liquid level of the drilling fluid or deposited sand is accumulated along the sliding rails. The reflecting plate can be placed halfway down by utilizing the lifting mechanism, and then the reflecting plate freely slides down to the liquid level or the settled sand along the sliding rail under the action of gravity.
S30: and emitting laser to the reflecting plates of the n reflecting assemblies at a first position in the overflow preventing pipe, and receiving laser signals reflected by the reflecting plates of the m reflecting assemblies, wherein m is less than or equal to n. The laser emitting unit and the laser receiving unit in the exemplary embodiment of the anti-overflow while drilling liquid level monitoring device can be used for emitting laser and receiving reflected laser. The first position may be the first position in the exemplary embodiment of the anti-spill while drilling fluid level monitoring apparatus described above.
S40: and processing the received laser signals to obtain m laser incident angles, wherein the number of the m laser incident angles is in one-to-one correspondence with the m reflection assemblies, and the laser incident angles are included angles between the emitted laser and the vertical lines.
S50: and determining the liquid level represented by the reflecting plates of the m reflecting assemblies or the height of deposited sediment by using the laser incidence angle.
In the present embodiment, in step S50, the level of the liquid or the height of the deposited sand represented by the reflection plate of the reflection assembly may be determined by using equation 1 in the above-mentioned exemplary embodiment of the apparatus for monitoring the level of the anti-overflow while drilling fluid.
In this embodiment, the method may further include the steps of: determining
Or
According to the size of
Or
And judging the flow condition. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
or
May be the same as in the above-described method of monitoring the level of the anti-spill while drilling.
The design of the invention requires that the straight line of the laser emitting end and the connecting rod thereof needs to pass through the vertical cross section of the anti-overflow pipe, and particularly indicates that the laser excitation and the calibration of the emitter are as follows for the problem of possible irregular installation:
the installation offset angle of the probe is set asθRadius of the anti-overflow pipe isrThe horizontal plane distance between the emission end of the probe and the circle center of the inner circle wall of the overflow prevention pipe isLThe vertical distance (i.e. the distance between M, E points in fig. 4) between the instrument probe and the hoisting side anti-overflow pipe is
The included angle between the laser track emitted by the probe and the horizontal plane isαThe included angle between the laser track emitted by the probe and the perpendicular line at the intersection point of the track and the inner wall of the pipe is
The incidence angle of the probe excitation track caused by the change of the installation position of the probe can be calculated according to the related parameters
A change in situation. And adjusting the liquid level-sediment relative height calculation according to the following formula.
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
。
in conclusion, the device and the method for monitoring the liquid level of the anti-overflow pipe while drilling have the advantages that:
(1) the invention has higher finding and detecting speed, and can monitor the flow change in the first time by directly installing a newly designed monitoring device at the outlet of the anti-overflow pipe. The long flow recording device is matched with an old-fashioned flowmeter to form an ideal full pipe measuring container by adopting a plurality of pipelines for speed reduction and filtration, a large amount of pipeline delay is additionally generated, the discovery time is relatively lagged, and the difference with the original state of fluid in an anti-overflow pipe is large, so that the monitoring result is possibly distorted.
(2) The invention adopts the laser excitation, reflection and detection principle with more stable performance, is more accurate and has higher automation degree, and provides a novel data display and evaluation method. The long-recording flow device is an improvement aiming at the application scene of the traditional petroleum industry instrument (mainly a flowmeter), and mainly aims at cleaning the drilling fluid (preventing the instrument from being polluted), draining the drilling fluid and pretreating a full pipe (matching with the requirement of the traditional flowmeter on the full pipe measurement).
(3) The invention has more functions, and can measure the liquid phase flow of the drilling fluid and estimate the sand settling amount through scanning and detection after the single connection is cut off, and the long flow recording device does not have the function because the drilling fluid is pretreated.
(4) The device is mainly installed in the anti-overflow pipe, has small interference to the external environment of a drilling site, and can be flexibly configured by utilizing the existing conditions. And a plurality of pipelines and pump equipment are additionally arranged below and near the anti-overflow pipe by the long flow recording device, so that the additional device has large volume and potential risks of personal injury and environmental pollution and further expands the possibility.
(5) The invention provides a novel drilling outlet flow monitoring device and a monitoring, evaluating and adjusting method. The long flow recording device is a limited improvement and adjustment for the traditional flowmeter which can normally operate only by depending on full pipes and the measurement environment, and a solution which fundamentally solves the problem of high dependence degree of the traditional flowmeter on the measurement environment is not provided.
While the present invention has been described above in connection with exemplary embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made to the exemplary embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (10)
1. An anti-spill while drilling fluid level monitoring device, the device comprising: a reflection unit, a laser emission unit, a laser receiving unit, a processing unit and a calculation unit, wherein,
the reflection unit comprises n reflection assemblies, wherein n is more than or equal to 1, each reflection assembly comprises a sliding rail, a lifting mechanism and a reflection plate, the sliding rails are vertically arranged in the overflow preventing pipe, the reflection plates are arranged on the sliding rails and can slide up and down along the sliding rails under the action of at least one of gravity, buoyancy and driving force, and the lifting mechanisms can provide the driving force;
the laser emission unit is arranged at a first position in the overflow-proof pipe and can emit laser to the reflecting plates of the n reflecting assemblies, and the first position is higher than the liquid level in the overflow-proof pipe or the height of deposited sediment;
the laser receiving unit is arranged on the upper side of the inner wall of the overflow preventing pipe and can receive laser reflected by the reflecting plates of m reflecting assemblies, wherein m is less than or equal to n;
the processing unit can process the laser received by the laser receiving unit to obtain m laser incident angles, the m laser incident angles can correspond to the m reflection assemblies one by one, and the laser incident angle is an included angle between the laser emitted by the laser emitting unit and a vertical line;
the calculation unit can determine the liquid level represented by the reflecting plates of the m reflecting assemblies or the height of accumulated settled sand by using the incident angle of the laser.
2. The device for monitoring the liquid level of the anti-overflow while drilling pipe as recited in claim 1, wherein n is greater than or equal to 2, n reflecting assemblies are distributed along the radial direction of the anti-overflow pipe, and the laser emitting unit can scan the reflecting plates of the n reflecting assemblies by emitting laser.
3. The anti-overflow while drilling fluid level monitoring device as recited in claim 2, wherein the upper plate surface of the reflection plate has a reflection response point, and the computing unit determines the second reflection assembly of the m reflection assemblies by using equation 1iThe liquid level or the accumulated grit height represented by the reflecting plate of each reflecting assembly,
formula 1 is:
，
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is as followsiThe liquid level or the accumulated grit height represented by the reflecting plate of each reflecting assembly,
is the first position and the second positioniThe vertical distance between the sliding rails of the individual reflective elements,
is an included angle between the first connecting line and the vertical line,
is the angle of incidence of the laser light,
the thickness of the reflector is determined by the first line which is a straight line connecting the first position and the second position along the first positioniThe straight line of the downward extension of the slide rail of each reflection assembly is intersected with the inner wall of the anti-overflow pipe.
4. The anti-spill while drilling fluid level monitoring device of claim 1, further comprising a display unit capable of displaying a first image, wherein,
the first image comprises m curves, the m curves can correspond to the m reflecting assemblies one by one, each curve reflects the condition that the corresponding height changes along with time, and the corresponding height is the liquid level represented by the reflecting plate of the reflecting assembly corresponding to the curve or the height of accumulated settled sand.
5. The monitoring device for the liquid level of the anti-overflow pipe while drilling according to claim 1, further comprising a simulation unit and a display unit, wherein the simulation unit can simulate a liquid level-sediment curve of a radial cross section of the anti-overflow pipe according to the liquid level represented by the reflecting plates of the m reflecting assemblies or the height of the sediment, which is calculated by the calculation unit, and the liquid level-sediment curve is displayed by the display unit.
6. The anti-spill while drilling fluid level monitoring device of claim 1, wherein the reflection assembly further comprises a float, a deceleration stop, and a stop, wherein,
the buoy is arranged below the reflecting plate and can enable the reflecting plate to float on the liquid level of the drilling fluid or the accumulated settled sand;
the speed reduction baffle is positioned on one side of the reflecting plate, and the plate surface of the speed reduction baffle is vertical to the flowing direction of the drilling fluid;
the limiting stopper is arranged at the upper end of the sliding rail and can limit the upward displacement of the reflecting plate.
7. The anti-overflow while drilling liquid level monitoring device as recited in claim 1, wherein n is greater than or equal to 2, the device further comprises a flow abnormality determination unit capable of determining that the flow abnormality determination unit is capable of determining
Or
In a size of
Or
In the case of (1), it is determined that the wellhead flow rate is abnormal, wherein,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
for the m reflecting componentsiThe liquid level or the height of deposited sand represented by each reflecting plate,
is as followsi-the level of the liquid or the height of the accumulated settled sand, characterized by 1 reflector plate,
is 1 st to 1 thiThe sum of the liquid level represented by each reflecting plate or the height of deposited sediment,
is 1 st to 1 thiThe sum of the levels of liquid or the height of accumulated settled sand characterized by 1 reflector.
8. The monitoring method for the liquid level of the anti-overflow pipe while drilling is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
the anti-overflow pipe is internally provided with n reflection assemblies, wherein n is more than or equal to 1, each reflection assembly comprises a sliding rail, a lifting mechanism and a reflection plate, the sliding rails are vertically arranged in the anti-overflow pipe, the reflection plates are arranged on the sliding rails and can slide up and down along the sliding rails under the action of at least one of gravity, buoyancy and driving force, and the lifting mechanisms can provide the driving force;
under the condition that drilling fluid flows in the anti-overflow pipe, the reflecting plates of the n reflecting assemblies are lowered along the sliding rails to be in contact with the liquid level of the drilling fluid or deposited sand;
emitting laser to the reflecting plates of the n reflecting assemblies at a first position in the overflow preventing pipe, and receiving laser signals reflected by the reflecting plates of the m reflecting assemblies, wherein the first position is higher than the liquid level of the drilling fluid or the height of accumulated settled sand, and m is less than or equal to n;
processing the received laser signals to obtain m laser incident angles, wherein the m laser incident angles can correspond to the m reflection assemblies one by one, and the laser incident angle is an included angle between laser emitted by the laser emitting unit and a vertical line;
and determining the liquid level represented by the reflecting plates of the m reflecting assemblies or the height of deposited sediment by using the laser incidence angle.
9. The method for monitoring the liquid level of the anti-overflow while drilling pipe as recited in claim 8, wherein n is greater than or equal to 2, the upper plate surface of the reflection plate has a reflection response point, and the formula 1 is used for determining the first reflection assembly of the m reflection assembliesiThe liquid level or the accumulated grit height represented by the reflecting plate of each reflecting assembly,
formula 1 is:
，
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
is as followsiThe liquid level or the accumulated grit height represented by the reflecting plate of each reflecting assembly,
is the first position and the second positioniThe vertical distance between the sliding rails of the individual reflective elements,
is an included angle between the first connecting line and the vertical line,
is the angle of incidence of the laser light,
the thickness of the reflector is determined by the first line which is a straight line connecting the first position and the second position along the first positioniThe straight line of the downward extension of the slide rail of each reflection assembly is intersected with the inner wall of the anti-overflow pipe.
10. The anti-spill while drilling fluid level monitoring method as recited in claim 8, further comprising the steps of: determining
Or
In a size of
Or
In the case of (1), it is determined that the wellhead flow rate is abnormal, wherein,
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
a liquid level or a pile-up characterized by a reflective plate of an ith reflective assembly of the m reflective assembliesThe height of the settled sand is higher than the height of the settled sand,
is as followsi-the liquid level or the height of the deposited sand, characterized by the reflecting plates of 1 reflecting assembly,
is the sum of the liquid level or the height of accumulated settled sand which is characterized by the reflecting plates of the 1 st to the ith reflecting assemblies,
is 1 st to 1 thi-the sum of the levels of liquid or the height of the accumulated settled sand, characterized by the reflective plates of 1 reflective assembly.
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| CN112779725A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-11 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Detergent box liquid level detection method and clothes treatment equipment with same |
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