CN111926322A - Repairing method of magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part - Google Patents
Repairing method of magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part Download PDFInfo
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- CN111926322A CN111926322A CN202010595611.0A CN202010595611A CN111926322A CN 111926322 A CN111926322 A CN 111926322A CN 202010595611 A CN202010595611 A CN 202010595611A CN 111926322 A CN111926322 A CN 111926322A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
- C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
- C23C24/045—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles by trembling using impacting inert media
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for repairing a magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part, which comprises the following steps: (1) cleaning and polishing the surface of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part; (2) loading particles to be sprayed with inert gas by adopting a cold air dynamic spraying technology, heating to 200-800 ℃, and spraying on the surface of an area to be repaired; (3) and machining the surface coating of the repaired component to obtain the repaired magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part. The method for repairing the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part has obvious technical advantages and is particularly suitable for repairing the structural part; the restoration is compact and realizes metallurgical bonding with a magnesium-aluminum alloy component substrate, the bonding strength is over 70MPa, and the restoration can be compared favorably with a casting material; the thickness and the shape of the restoration are not limited, and the restoration can be used for restoring magnesium-aluminum alloy components with various damage degrees.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for repairing a structural member, in particular to a method for repairing a magnesium-aluminum alloy structural member.
Background
Structural weight reduction and structural load and function integration are important directions for the development of structural materials of airplane bodies and engines. The cast aluminum alloy and the cast magnesium alloy have low density and good processing performance, and have very wide application in the field of aerospace. However, since aviation equipment is often used in a heavy-load, high-vibration, and high-corrosion environment, aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy parts are easily scrapped due to failure caused by abrasion or corrosion, which not only causes huge economic loss, but also may cause equipment failure and cause machine damage and human death. In addition, as the shape of the aviation part is complex, the casting difficulty is high, the production rejection rate of the part is high, and the casting rejection rate of part of the magnesium alloy part even reaches 80%, if the part cannot be effectively repaired, huge waste is caused.
At present, in the field of maintenance and remanufacture of cast aluminum and cast magnesium parts in China, traditional argon arc welding and laser deposition are still two most main repair technologies, although the two technologies can prepare a repair welding layer with high bonding strength, good fatigue resistance and small heat influence through process regulation and control; however, for aluminum and magnesium alloy thin-wall parts, such as cast aluminum pump casings with the wall thickness of less than 3mm, cast magnesium casings with complex oil passages, shells/skins with damaged threaded holes and the like, the existing repairing method still can cause deformation due to excessive heat input, and the matrix strength of the repaired part cannot meet the use requirement of the structural part. Taking aluminum magnesium alloy as an example, the strength requirement of the structural part is 70-200MPa, the strength of the restoration in the prior spraying technology is 10-40MPa, which is far from the requirement and can not be applied to the restoration of the aviation aluminum magnesium alloy structural part.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a high-efficiency repair method for magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts. The repairing method is successfully applied to the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part which cannot be repaired by the traditional method by improving the cold air dynamic spraying (cold spraying) technology and optimizing the process parameters, meets the requirement of the structural part on the load bearing capacity, is equivalent to the performance of a material casting (the bonding strength reaches more than 70 Mpa), and has high efficiency and low cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a repairing method of a magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part comprises the following steps:
(1) cleaning and polishing the surface of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part;
(2) loading particles to be sprayed with inert gas by adopting a cold air dynamic spraying technology, heating to 200-800 ℃, and spraying on the surface of an area to be repaired; wherein the inert gas is connected with the spray gun through a pipeline; in a spray gun, heating inert gas and particles to be sprayed to 200-800 ℃; the diameter of the spray nozzle outlet of the spray gun is 6-12 mm, and the distance between the muzzle of the spray gun and the surface of the part to be repaired is 20-50 cm;
(3) and machining the surface coating of the repaired component to obtain the repaired magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part.
The repairing method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out surface treatment on the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part to ensure the cleanness and low roughness of the repaired surface as much as possible, then preheating the particles to be sprayed before spraying, controlling the softening degree of the particles to be sprayed, and regulating and controlling the impact speed and the plastic deformation degree when the powder particles impact a matrix, so that the coating and the matrix reach a metallurgical bonding state, the bonding strength is close to the casting strength, the powder particle deposition state is improved, the coating is stacked and leveled layer by layer, the repairing thickness is not influenced, and the parts with different sizes and different damage degrees can be repaired. The repair area obtained by the method can be comparable with the strength of the part, and the repair problem of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part is solved. Moreover, the particle acceleration path is optimized by modifying the shape of the nozzle of the spray gun lava, and the particle speed is increased from 500-800 m/s to 600-800 m/s.
The inert compressed gas is connected with the spray gun through a pipeline, passes through the spray gun, particles to be sprayed are injected into the spray gun at the same time, the inert gas and the particles to be sprayed are mixed and heated in the spray gun, the mixture is heated to a certain temperature, the particles to be sprayed through the nozzle collide with the repair surface in a high-speed and completely solid state by means of the compressed gas, the particles to be sprayed and the electrode body are subjected to severe plastic deformation at the same time and then are deposited on the surface of a component, and then a deposition body with high compactness, high thermal stability and high strength combination is formed through the accumulation effect of the particles. During the spraying process, the spray gun and the parts are kept moving relatively at a constant speed, and each layer is deposited, which is called a cycle or pass. And estimating the spraying cycle number according to the damage degree and the deposition efficiency, and stopping spraying after the cycle number is reached (namely, the repair reaches the required size). Finally, machining to remove redundant materials to achieve the shape and the size required by the drawing.
Preferably, in the step (2), the pressure of the inert gas is 3-7 MPa. In a certain range, the higher the pressure is, the higher the flight speed of the particles is, the higher the speed is when the particles impact the matrix, and the better the particles are bonded with the matrix; the magnesium-aluminum alloy powder can be accelerated to a speed of more than 600m/s by the high-pressure gas, and a high-performance compact deposit body is formed.
Preferably, the inert gas is argon or nitrogen.
Preferably, the particle size of the particles to be sprayed is 5-60 mu m. The excessively large or small particle size affects the speed of the particles, and the final deposition state of the particles, so that the structure of a deposition body is affected; the applicant has found through a great deal of creative research that when the particle size of the particles to be sprayed is in the above range, a better repairing effect can be achieved.
Preferably, in the step (2), the particles to be sprayed are loaded with inert gas and heated to 200-600 ℃, and the particle size of the particles to be sprayed is 10-60 μm. The temperature adopted for the magnesium alloy or the aluminum alloy can realize better repairing effect; the temperature is too low, the fused state of the particles is not good, the plastic deformation is insufficient, the coating is not compact, and the bonding strength is low; the temperature is too high, the oxidation of particles is serious, oxide skin is mixed in the coating, and the bonding strength of the coating is low.
Preferably, in the step (1), after the surface of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural member is cleaned and polished, the surface roughness of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural member is not more than 2.5 μm; more preferably, the surface roughness of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part is not more than 1 μm. The polished surface is easier to form metallurgical bonding with a deposition body, and higher bonding performance is generated.
Preferably, the deposition thickness of the particles to be sprayed is 100-700 mu m/cycle.
More preferably, the deposition thickness of the particles to be sprayed is 300-400 μm/cycle. The inventors have found through extensive research that the above deposition thickness can give consideration to both processing efficiency and not degrade the properties of the deposit.
Preferably, the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part to be repaired is made of ZM2 or ZM6 type magnesium alloy, or the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part to be repaired is made of ZL101, 6061 or 7075 type aluminum alloy; the material of the particles to be sprayed is ZM2 and ZM6 type magnesium alloy powder, or the material of the particles to be sprayed is ZL101, 6061 and 7075 type aluminum alloy powder. The material of the particles to be sprayed may be the same as or different from the material of the area to be repaired, and the part itself is generally repaired by spraying the material of the area to be repaired.
Meanwhile, the invention also provides the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part prepared by the repairing method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method for repairing the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part at least has the following advantages:
firstly, the technical advantages are obvious, and the method is particularly suitable for repairing structural parts;
secondly, the restoration is compact and is metallurgically bonded with the magnalium component substrate, the bonding strength is over 70MPa, and the restoration can be compared favorably with a casting material;
thirdly, the thickness and the shape of the restoration are not limited, and the restoration can be used for restoring magnesium-aluminum alloy components with various damage degrees;
fourthly, the repairing process is simple, heat treatment is not needed, the influence on the repaired component is small, the cost is low, and the production efficiency is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a comparison of a spray gun nozzle of the present invention before and after its shape has been modified;
fig. 2 is a surface view of a structure before and after the restoration of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structure by the restoration method of the invention.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment of the repair method of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part provided by the invention comprises the following specific steps:
(1) cleaning and polishing the surface of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part; cleaning and polishing the surface of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part, wherein the surface roughness of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part is not more than 2.5 microns;
(2) loading particles to be sprayed with inert gas by adopting a cold air dynamic spraying technology, heating to 200 ℃, and spraying the particles on the surface of an area to be repaired; wherein the inert gas is connected with the spray gun through a pipeline; in the spray gun, the inert gas and the particles to be sprayed are heated to 200 ℃; the diameter of the nozzle outlet of the spray gun is 6mm, and the distance between the muzzle of the spray gun and the surface of the part to be repaired is 20 cm; the pressure of the inert gas is 3 MPa; the inert gas is argon; the particle size of the particles to be sprayed is 5 mu m; the deposition thickness of the particles to be sprayed is 100 μm/cycle; the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part to be repaired is made of ZM2 type magnesium alloy, and the particles to be sprayed are made of ZM2 type magnesium alloy powder;
(3) and machining the surface coating of the repaired component to obtain the repaired magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part.
Example 2
The embodiment of the repair method of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part provided by the invention comprises the following specific steps:
(1) cleaning and polishing the surface of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part; cleaning and polishing the surface of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part, wherein the surface roughness of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part is not more than 1 mu m;
(2) loading particles to be sprayed with inert gas by adopting a cold gas dynamic spraying technology, heating to 800 ℃, and spraying the particles on the surface of an area to be repaired; wherein the inert gas is connected with the spray gun through a pipeline; in the spray gun, the inert gas and the particles to be sprayed are heated to 800 ℃; the diameter of the spray nozzle outlet of the spray gun is 12mm, and the distance between the muzzle of the spray gun and the surface of the part to be repaired is 50 cm; the pressure of the inert gas is 7 MPa; the inert gas is nitrogen; the particle size of the particles to be sprayed is 60 mu m; the deposition thickness of the particles to be sprayed is 700 μm/cycle; the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part to be repaired is made of ZM6 type magnesium alloy; the material of the particles to be sprayed is ZM6 type magnesium alloy powder;
(3) and machining the surface coating of the repaired component to obtain the repaired magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part.
Example 3
The embodiment of the repair method of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part provided by the invention comprises the following specific steps:
(1) cleaning and polishing the surface of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part; cleaning and polishing the surface of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part, wherein the surface roughness of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part is not more than 2.5 microns;
(2) loading particles to be sprayed with inert gas by adopting a cold gas dynamic spraying technology, heating to 400 ℃, and spraying the particles on the surface of an area to be repaired; wherein the inert gas is connected with the spray gun through a pipeline; in the spray gun, the inert gas and the particles to be sprayed are heated to 400 ℃; the diameter of the nozzle outlet of the spray gun is 8mm, and the distance between the muzzle of the spray gun and the surface of the part to be repaired is 35 cm; the pressure of the inert gas is 5 MPa; the inert gas is argon; the particle size of the particles to be sprayed is 10 mu m; the deposition thickness of the particles to be sprayed is 300 mu m/cycle; the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part to be repaired is made of ZL101 type aluminum alloy; the material of the particles to be sprayed is ZL101 type aluminum alloy powder;
(3) and machining the surface coating of the repaired component to obtain the repaired magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part.
Example 4
The embodiment of the repair method of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part provided by the invention comprises the following specific steps:
(1) cleaning and polishing the surface of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part; cleaning and polishing the surface of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part, wherein the surface roughness of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part is not more than 1 mu m;
(2) loading particles to be sprayed with inert gas by adopting a cold air dynamic spraying technology, heating to 600 ℃, and spraying on the surface of an area to be repaired; wherein the inert gas is connected with the spray gun through a pipeline; in the spray gun, the inert gas and the particles to be sprayed are heated to 600 ℃; the diameter of the nozzle outlet of the spray gun is 10mm, and the distance between the muzzle of the spray gun and the surface of the part to be repaired is 40 cm; the pressure of the inert gas is 6 MPa; the inert gas is nitrogen; the particle size of the particles to be sprayed is 35 mu m; the deposition thickness of the particles to be sprayed is 400 μm/cycle; the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part to be repaired is made of 6061 type aluminum alloy; the material of the particles to be sprayed is 6061 type aluminum alloy powder;
(3) and machining the surface coating of the repaired component to obtain the repaired magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part.
The repairing method comprises the steps of firstly carrying out surface treatment on the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part to ensure the cleanness and low roughness of the repaired surface as much as possible, then preheating the particles to be sprayed before spraying, controlling the softening degree of the particles to be sprayed, and regulating and controlling the impact speed and the plastic deformation degree when the powder particles impact a matrix, so that the coating and the matrix reach a metallurgical bonding state, the bonding strength is close to the casting strength, the powder particle deposition state is improved, the coating is stacked and leveled layer by layer, the repairing thickness is not influenced, and the parts with different sizes and different damage degrees can be repaired. The repair area obtained by the method can be comparable with the strength of the part, and the repair problem of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part is solved. Moreover, by modifying the shape of the nozzle of the spray gun lava, as shown in the attached figure 1, the particle acceleration path is optimized, and the particle speed can be increased to 700-800 m/s; the inert compressed gas is connected with the spray gun through a pipeline, passes through the spray gun, particles to be sprayed are injected into the spray gun at the same time, the inert gas and the particles to be sprayed are mixed and heated in the spray gun, the mixture is heated to a certain temperature, the particles to be sprayed through the nozzle collide with the repair surface in a high-speed and completely solid state by means of the compressed gas, the particles to be sprayed and the electrode body are subjected to severe plastic deformation at the same time and then are deposited on the surface of a component, and then a deposition body with high compactness, high thermal stability and high strength combination is formed through the accumulation effect of the particles. During the spraying process, the spray gun and the parts are kept moving relatively at a constant speed, and each layer is deposited, which is called a cycle or pass. And estimating the spraying cycle number according to the damage degree and the deposition efficiency, and stopping spraying after the cycle number is reached (namely, the repair reaches the required size). Finally, machining to remove redundant materials to achieve the shape and size required by the drawing; as can be seen from the attached figure 2, the repairing method of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part has good repairing effect.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for repairing the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) cleaning and polishing the surface of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part;
(2) loading particles to be sprayed with inert gas by adopting a cold air dynamic spraying technology, heating to 200-800 ℃, and spraying on the surface of an area to be repaired; wherein the inert gas is connected with the spray gun through a pipeline; in a spray gun, heating inert gas and particles to be sprayed to 200-800 ℃; the diameter of the spray nozzle outlet of the spray gun is 6-12 mm, and the distance between the muzzle of the spray gun and the surface of the part to be repaired is 20-50 cm;
(3) and machining the surface coating of the repaired component to obtain the repaired magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part.
2. The method for repairing the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural member according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the pressure of the inert gas is 3 to 7 MPa.
3. The method for repairing a magnesium aluminum alloy structural member as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein said inert gas is argon gas or nitrogen gas.
4. The method for repairing the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the particles to be sprayed is 5 to 60 μm.
5. The method for repairing a magnesium-aluminum alloy structural member according to claim 4, wherein in the step (2), the particles to be sprayed are loaded with the inert gas and heated to 200 to 600 ℃, and the particle diameter of the particles to be sprayed is 10 to 60 μm.
6. The method for repairing the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), after the surface of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part is cleaned and polished, the surface roughness of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part is not more than 2.5 μm; preferably, the surface roughness of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part is not more than 1 μm.
7. The method for repairing a magnesium-aluminum alloy structural member as claimed in claim 1, wherein the deposition thickness of the particles to be sprayed is 100 to 700 μm/cycle.
8. The method for repairing a magnesium-aluminum alloy structural member as claimed in claim 7, wherein the deposition thickness of the particles to be sprayed is 300 to 400 μm/cycle.
9. The method for repairing the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part as claimed in claim 1, wherein the material of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part to be repaired is ZM2 or ZM6 type magnesium alloy, or the material of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part to be repaired is ZL101, 6061 or 7075 type aluminum alloy; the material of the particles to be sprayed is ZM2 and ZM6 type magnesium alloy powder, or the material of the particles to be sprayed is ZL101, 6061 and 7075 type aluminum alloy powder.
10. A magnesium-aluminum alloy structural member prepared by the repairing method of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113913804A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-01-11 | 广东省科学院新材料研究所 | Method for manufacturing liquid rocket case, and liquid rocket |
| CN115041914A (en) * | 2022-06-21 | 2022-09-13 | 湖南南方通用航空发动机有限公司 | Method for repairing inner hole of casing and casing |
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| CN113913804A (en) * | 2021-10-12 | 2022-01-11 | 广东省科学院新材料研究所 | Method for manufacturing liquid rocket case, and liquid rocket |
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