CN111926322A - Repairing method of magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part - Google Patents
Repairing method of magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 71
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical group [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010288 cold spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013585 weight reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
- C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
- C23C24/045—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles by trembling using impacting inert media
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Other Surface Treatments For Metallic Materials (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开一种镁铝合金结构件的修复方法,包括如下步骤:(1)对镁铝合金结构件待修复区域的表面进行清洁和打磨处理;(2)采用冷气动力喷涂技术,用惰性气体负载待喷涂颗粒经加热至200~800℃后,喷涂于待修复的区域表面;(3)对修复部件的表面涂层进行机械加工,得到修复后的镁铝合金结构件。本发明镁铝合金结构件修复方法,技术优势明显,特别适合结构件的修复;修复体致密且与镁铝合金部件基体实现冶金结合,结合强度超过70MPa,能与铸造材料相媲美;修复体厚度及形状不受限,可用于各种损毁程度的镁铝合金部件修复。
The invention discloses a repairing method for a magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part, comprising the following steps: (1) cleaning and grinding the surface of the area to be repaired of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part; After the loaded particles to be sprayed are heated to 200-800°C, they are sprayed on the surface of the area to be repaired; (3) the surface coating of the repaired component is machined to obtain a repaired magnesium-aluminum alloy structural component. The repairing method of magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts of the invention has obvious technical advantages and is especially suitable for repairing structural parts; And the shape is not limited, and it can be used for the repair of magnesium-aluminum alloy parts with various degrees of damage.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种结构件的修复方法,尤其是一种镁铝合金结构件的修复方法。The invention relates to a repairing method for a structural member, in particular to a repairing method for a magnesium-aluminum alloy structural member.
背景技术Background technique
结构减重和结构载荷与功能一体化是飞机机体和发动机结构材料发展的重要方向。铸造铝合金、镁合金由于密度低,加工性能好,在航空航天领域有着非常广泛的应用。然而由于航空装备往往服役于大载荷、高振动、高腐蚀环境下,铝合金、镁合金零部件很容易因磨损或者腐蚀导致失效而报废,不仅造成巨大经济损失,而且可能导致设备故障,造成机毁人亡。另外由于航空零部件形状复杂,铸造难度高,通常零部件生产废品率较高,部分镁合金零部件铸造废品率甚至达到80%,如不能进行有效修复,也将造成巨大的浪费。Structural weight reduction and structural load and functional integration are important directions for the development of aircraft airframe and engine structural materials. Cast aluminum alloys and magnesium alloys have a very wide range of applications in the aerospace field due to their low density and good processing properties. However, because aviation equipment is often used in high-load, high-vibration, and high-corrosion environments, aluminum alloy and magnesium alloy parts are easily scrapped due to wear or corrosion leading to failure, which not only causes huge economic losses, but may also lead to equipment failures, resulting in machine failure. Destruction. In addition, due to the complex shape of aviation parts and the high difficulty of casting, the production scrap rate of parts is usually high, and the casting scrap rate of some magnesium alloy parts even reaches 80%. If it cannot be effectively repaired, it will also cause huge waste.
目前在我国铸铝、铸镁零部件维修再制造领域,传统的氩弧焊和激光沉积仍然是两种最主要的修复技术,虽然这两种技术通过工艺调控能够制备结合强度高、抗疲劳性能好、热影响小的修复焊接层;然而对于铝、镁合金薄壁件,比如壁厚小于3mm的铸铝泵壳、有复杂油路的铸镁机匣、螺纹孔受损的壳体/蒙皮等等,现有修复方法仍然由于热输入过大可能导致变形,与修复零件基体强度达不到结构件使用要求。以铝镁合金为例,结构件的强度要求则为70-200MPa,现有喷涂技术修复体强度为10-40MPa,远远达不到要求,无法应用于航空镁铝合金结构件的修复。At present, in the field of repair and remanufacturing of cast aluminum and cast magnesium parts in my country, traditional argon arc welding and laser deposition are still the two most important repair technologies. Good, small thermal impact repair welding layer; however, for aluminum and magnesium alloy thin-walled parts, such as cast aluminum pump casings with wall thickness less than 3mm, cast magnesium casings with complex oil paths, casings/monocoques with damaged threaded holes The existing repair methods still may lead to deformation due to excessive heat input, and the strength of the repaired parts cannot meet the requirements of structural parts. Taking aluminum-magnesium alloy as an example, the strength requirements of structural parts are 70-200MPa, and the strength of the existing spraying technology repair body is 10-40MPa, which is far from the requirements and cannot be applied to the repair of aviation magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts.
发明内容SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
基于此,本发明的目的在于克服上述现有技术的不足之处而提供一种高效率的镁铝合金结构件修复方法。该修复方法,通过对冷气动力喷涂(冷喷涂)技术进行改良、优化工艺参数,成功应用于传统方法无法修复的镁铝合金结构件,达到结构件对载荷承载能力的要求,与材料铸件性能相当(结合强度达到70Mpa以上),且效率高、成本低。Based on this, the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art and provide a high-efficiency repair method for magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts. This repair method is successfully applied to the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts that cannot be repaired by traditional methods by improving the cold air dynamic spraying (cold spraying) technology and optimizing the process parameters. (The bonding strength reaches more than 70Mpa), and the efficiency is high and the cost is low.
为实现上述目的,本发明所采取的技术方案为:一种镁铝合金结构件的修复方法,包括如下步骤:In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a method for repairing a magnesium-aluminum alloy structural component, comprising the following steps:
(1)对镁铝合金结构件待修复区域的表面进行清洁和打磨处理;(1) Clean and polish the surface of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts to be repaired;
(2)采用冷气动力喷涂技术,用惰性气体负载待喷涂颗粒经加热至200~800℃后,喷涂于待修复的区域表面;其中,所述惰性气体通过管道与喷枪连接;在喷枪中,惰性气体和待喷涂颗粒被加热至200~800℃;所述喷枪喷嘴出口的直径为6~12mm,所述喷枪的枪口与待修复部件表面的距离为20~50cm;(2) Using cold air power spraying technology, the particles to be sprayed are loaded with inert gas and heated to 200-800 ° C, and then sprayed on the surface of the area to be repaired; wherein, the inert gas is connected to the spray gun through a pipeline; in the spray gun, the inert gas is connected to the spray gun. The gas and the particles to be sprayed are heated to 200-800°C; the diameter of the nozzle outlet of the spray gun is 6-12 mm, and the distance between the muzzle of the spray gun and the surface of the component to be repaired is 20-50 cm;
(3)对修复部件的表面涂层进行机械加工,得到修复后的镁铝合金结构件。(3) Machining the surface coating of the repaired parts to obtain the repaired magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts.
本发明所述修复方法是首先对镁铝合金结构件待修复区域进行表面处理,尽量保证修复面的洁净及低粗糙度,然后在喷涂前对待喷涂颗粒进行预热,控制待喷涂颗粒粒子的软化程度,调控粉末粒子撞击基体时撞击速度与塑性变形程度,一方面使涂层与基体达到冶金结合状态,结合强度接近铸件强度,另一方面改善了粉末粒子沉积状态,使涂层逐层堆叠平整,修复厚度不受影响,对不同尺寸大小、不同损毁程度部件均可实现修复。采用本发明所述方法获得的修复区域能够与部件本身强度相媲美,解决了镁铝合金结构件的修复难题。而且,通过对喷枪lava喷嘴形状改造,优化粒子加速路径,将粒子速度从500-600m/s提高至700-800m/s。The repairing method of the invention is to first perform surface treatment on the to-be-repaired area of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structure to ensure the cleanliness and low roughness of the repaired surface, and then preheat the to-be-sprayed particles before spraying to control the softening of the to-be-sprayed particles. On the one hand, the metallurgical bonding state of the coating and the substrate is achieved, and the bonding strength is close to the strength of the casting; on the other hand, the deposition state of the powder particles is improved, so that the coating layer is stacked flat. , the repair thickness is not affected, and the parts of different sizes and different damage degrees can be repaired. The repaired area obtained by the method of the invention can be comparable to the strength of the component itself, which solves the problem of repairing magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts. Moreover, by modifying the shape of the lava nozzle of the spray gun, the particle acceleration path is optimized, and the particle velocity is increased from 500-600m/s to 700-800m/s.
惰性压缩气体通过管道与喷枪连接,从喷枪中通过,同时向喷枪中注入待喷涂颗粒,惰性气体与待喷涂颗粒在喷枪中混合和加热后,加热至一定温度后,经过喷嘴待喷涂颗粒借助压缩气体以高速、完全固态的状态碰撞修复面,待喷涂颗粒与电极体同时发生剧烈的塑性变形后沉积在部件的表面,进而通过颗粒的堆积效应形成具有高致密性、高热稳定性和高强结合的沉积体。喷涂过程中,喷枪和部件保持匀速相对移动,每沉积一层,称为一个循环或一遍。根据损毁程度及沉积效率,估算喷涂循环数,到达循环数(即修复达到要求尺寸)后停止喷涂。最后进行机加工去除多余材料达到图纸要求形状与尺寸。The inert compressed gas is connected to the spray gun through the pipeline, passes through the spray gun, and injects the particles to be sprayed into the spray gun at the same time. After the inert gas and the particles to be sprayed are mixed and heated in the spray gun, after heating to a certain temperature, the particles to be sprayed through the nozzle are compressed by means of compression. The gas collides with the repaired surface at a high speed and in a completely solid state, and the particles to be sprayed and the electrode body undergo severe plastic deformation at the same time and are deposited on the surface of the component, and then form a high-density, high thermal stability and high-strength bond through the accumulation effect of the particles. sedimentary body. During the spraying process, the spray gun and the parts move relatively at a constant speed, and each layer deposited is called a cycle or one pass. According to the degree of damage and deposition efficiency, estimate the number of spraying cycles, and stop spraying when the number of cycles is reached (that is, the repair reaches the required size). Finally, machining is performed to remove excess material to achieve the shape and size required by the drawing.
优选地,所述步骤(2)中,所述惰性气体的压强为3~7MPa。在一定范围内,压力越大,粒子飞行速度越大,撞击基体时速度越大,与基体结合越好;镁铝合金粉末可通过这个高压气体加速到超过600m/s的速度,进而形成高性能致密沉积体。Preferably, in the step (2), the pressure of the inert gas is 3-7 MPa. Within a certain range, the greater the pressure, the greater the flying speed of the particles, the greater the speed when hitting the matrix, the better the combination with the matrix; the magnesium-aluminum alloy powder can be accelerated to a speed of more than 600m/s through this high-pressure gas, thereby forming a high-performance dense deposits.
优选地,所述惰性气体为氩气或氮气。Preferably, the inert gas is argon or nitrogen.
优选地,所述待喷涂颗粒的粒径为5~60μm。粒径过大或过小,都影响颗粒的速度,影响粒子最终的沉积状态,从而影响沉积体的结构;申请人经过大量创造性探索发现,当待喷涂颗粒的粒径为上述范围时,能达到更好的修复效果。Preferably, the particle size of the particles to be sprayed is 5-60 μm. If the particle size is too large or too small, it will affect the speed of the particles, affect the final deposition state of the particles, and thus affect the structure of the deposited body. Better repair effect.
优选地,所述步骤(2)中,用惰性气体负载待喷涂颗粒经加热至200~600℃,所述待喷涂颗粒的粒径为10~60μm。对于镁合金或铝合金采用上述温度能实现更好的修复效果;温度过低,颗粒熔融状态不佳,塑性变形不充分,导致涂层不致密,结合强度低;温度过高,颗粒氧化严重,造成涂层夹杂氧化皮,造成涂层结合强度低。Preferably, in the step (2), the particles to be sprayed are supported by an inert gas and heated to 200-600° C., and the particle size of the particles to be sprayed is 10-60 μm. For magnesium alloy or aluminum alloy, the above temperature can achieve better repair effect; if the temperature is too low, the melting state of the particles is not good, and the plastic deformation is not sufficient, resulting in a non-dense coating and low bonding strength; if the temperature is too high, the particles are seriously oxidized, Cause the coating to be mixed with oxide scale, resulting in low bonding strength of the coating.
优选地,所述步骤(1)中,将镁铝合金结构件待修复区域的表面进行清洁和打磨处理后,镁铝合金结构件待修复区域的表面粗糙度不大于2.5μm;更优选地,镁铝合金结构件待修复区域的表面粗糙度不大于1μm。上述打磨后的表面更易与沉积体形成冶金结合,产生较高的结合性能。Preferably, in the step (1), after cleaning and grinding the surface of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural member to be repaired, the surface roughness of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural member to be repaired is not greater than 2.5 μm; more preferably, The surface roughness of the to-be-repaired area of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural component is not greater than 1 μm. The above-mentioned polished surface is more likely to form metallurgical bonds with the deposited body, resulting in higher bonding properties.
优选地,所述待喷涂颗粒的沉积厚度为100~700μm/循环。Preferably, the deposition thickness of the particles to be sprayed is 100-700 μm/cycle.
更优选地,所述待喷涂颗粒的沉积厚度为300~400μm/循环。发明人经过大量探索发现,上述沉积厚度既能兼顾加工效率,也不会降低沉积体性能。More preferably, the deposition thickness of the particles to be sprayed is 300-400 μm/cycle. The inventors have found through extensive exploration that the above-mentioned deposition thickness can not only take into account the processing efficiency, but also will not reduce the performance of the deposited body.
优选地,所述待修复镁铝合金结构件材料为ZM2、ZM6型镁合金,或所述待修复镁铝合金结构件材料为ZL101、6061、7075型铝合金;所述待喷涂颗粒的材料为ZM2、ZM6型镁合金粉末,或所述待喷涂颗粒的材料为ZL101、6061、7075型铝合金粉末。所述待喷涂颗粒的材料与待修复的区域材料可以相同也可以不同,一般而言采用喷涂与待修复的区域材料来修复部件本身。Preferably, the material of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural member to be repaired is ZM2, ZM6 type magnesium alloy, or the material of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural member to be repaired is ZL101, 6061, 7075 type aluminum alloy; the material of the particles to be sprayed is ZM2, ZM6 type magnesium alloy powder, or the material of the particles to be sprayed is ZL101, 6061, 7075 type aluminum alloy powder. The material of the particles to be sprayed and the material of the area to be repaired may be the same or different, and generally speaking, the component itself is repaired by spraying and the material of the area to be repaired.
同时,本发明还提供一种由所述的修复方法制备得到的镁铝合金结构件。At the same time, the present invention also provides a magnesium-aluminum alloy structural member prepared by the repairing method.
相对于现有技术,本发明的有益效果为:Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
本发明镁铝合金结构件修复方法,至少具有以下几点优势:The magnesium-aluminum alloy structural component repair method of the present invention has at least the following advantages:
第一、技术优势明显,特别适合结构件的修复;First, the technical advantages are obvious, especially suitable for the repair of structural parts;
第二、修复体致密且与镁铝合金部件基体实现冶金结合,结合强度超过70MPa,能与铸造材料相媲美;Second, the restoration is dense and metallurgically bonded to the magnesium-aluminum alloy component matrix, and the bonding strength exceeds 70MPa, which is comparable to that of casting materials;
第三、修复体厚度及形状不受限,可用于各种损毁程度的镁铝合金部件修复;Third, the thickness and shape of the restoration are not limited, and it can be used for the restoration of magnesium-aluminum alloy parts with various degrees of damage;
第四、修复过程简单,无需热处理,对修复部件造成的影响小,成本低,生产效率高。Fourth, the repair process is simple, no heat treatment is required, the impact on the repaired parts is small, the cost is low, and the production efficiency is high.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明喷枪喷嘴形状改造前后对比图;Fig. 1 is the comparison diagram before and after the shape transformation of spray gun nozzle of the present invention;
图2为利用本发明镁铝合金结构件的修复方法修复前后结构件表面图。Fig. 2 is a surface view of the structural member before and after the repairing method of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural member of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为更好的说明本发明的目的、技术方案和优点,下面将结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步说明。In order to better illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
实施例1Example 1
本发明所述镁铝合金结构件的修复方法的一种实施例,本实施例所述修复方法具体如下:An embodiment of the repairing method of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural member of the present invention, the repairing method described in this embodiment is as follows:
(1)对镁铝合金结构件待修复区域的表面进行清洁和打磨处理;将镁铝合金结构件待修复区域的表面进行清洁和打磨处理后,镁铝合金结构件待修复区域的表面粗糙度不大于2.5μm;(1) Cleaning and grinding the surface of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts to be repaired; after cleaning and grinding the surface of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts to be repaired, the surface roughness of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts to be repaired not more than 2.5μm;
(2)采用冷气动力喷涂技术,用惰性气体负载待喷涂颗粒经加热至200℃后,喷涂于待修复的区域表面;其中,所述惰性气体通过管道与喷枪连接;在喷枪中,惰性气体和待喷涂颗粒被加热至200℃;所述喷枪喷嘴出口的直径为6mm,所述喷枪的枪口与待修复部件表面的距离为20cm;所述惰性气体的压强为3MPa;所述惰性气体为氩气;所述待喷涂颗粒的粒径为5μm;所述待喷涂颗粒的沉积厚度为100μm/循环;所述待修复镁铝合金结构件材料为ZM2型镁合金,所述待喷涂颗粒的材料为ZM2型镁合金粉末;(2) Using cold air power spraying technology, the particles to be sprayed are loaded with inert gas and heated to 200°C, and then sprayed on the surface of the area to be repaired; wherein, the inert gas is connected to the spray gun through a pipeline; in the spray gun, the inert gas and The particles to be sprayed are heated to 200°C; the diameter of the nozzle outlet of the spray gun is 6mm, and the distance between the muzzle of the spray gun and the surface of the part to be repaired is 20cm; the pressure of the inert gas is 3MPa; the inert gas is argon The particle size of the particles to be sprayed is 5 μm; the deposition thickness of the particles to be sprayed is 100 μm/cycle; the material of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structure to be repaired is ZM2 type magnesium alloy, and the material of the particles to be sprayed is ZM2 type magnesium alloy powder;
(3)对修复部件的表面涂层进行机械加工,得到修复后的镁铝合金结构件。(3) Machining the surface coating of the repaired parts to obtain the repaired magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts.
实施例2Example 2
本发明所述镁铝合金结构件的修复方法的一种实施例,本实施例所述修复方法具体如下:An embodiment of the repairing method of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural member of the present invention, the repairing method described in this embodiment is as follows:
(1)对镁铝合金结构件待修复区域的表面进行清洁和打磨处理;将镁铝合金结构件待修复区域的表面进行清洁和打磨处理后,镁铝合金结构件待修复区域的表面粗糙度不大于1μm;(1) Cleaning and grinding the surface of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts to be repaired; after cleaning and grinding the surface of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts to be repaired, the surface roughness of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts to be repaired not more than 1μm;
(2)采用冷气动力喷涂技术,用惰性气体负载待喷涂颗粒经加热至800℃后,喷涂于待修复的区域表面;其中,所述惰性气体通过管道与喷枪连接;在喷枪中,惰性气体和待喷涂颗粒被加热至800℃;所述喷枪喷嘴出口的直径为12mm,所述喷枪的枪口与待修复部件表面的距离为50cm;所述惰性气体的压强为7MPa;所述惰性气体为氮气;所述待喷涂颗粒的粒径为60μm;所述待喷涂颗粒的沉积厚度为700μm/循环;所述待修复镁铝合金结构件材料为ZM6型镁合金;所述待喷涂颗粒的材料为ZM6型镁合金粉末;(2) Using cold air power spraying technology, the particles to be sprayed are loaded with inert gas and heated to 800 ° C, and then sprayed on the surface of the area to be repaired; wherein, the inert gas is connected to the spray gun through a pipeline; in the spray gun, the inert gas and The particles to be sprayed are heated to 800°C; the diameter of the nozzle outlet of the spray gun is 12mm, the distance between the muzzle of the spray gun and the surface of the part to be repaired is 50cm; the pressure of the inert gas is 7MPa; the inert gas is nitrogen The particle size of the particles to be sprayed is 60 μm; the deposition thickness of the particles to be sprayed is 700 μm/cycle; the material of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structure to be repaired is ZM6 type magnesium alloy; the material of the particles to be sprayed is ZM6 Type magnesium alloy powder;
(3)对修复部件的表面涂层进行机械加工,得到修复后的镁铝合金结构件。(3) Machining the surface coating of the repaired parts to obtain the repaired magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts.
实施例3Example 3
本发明所述镁铝合金结构件的修复方法的一种实施例,本实施例所述修复方法具体如下:An embodiment of the repairing method of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural member of the present invention, the repairing method described in this embodiment is as follows:
(1)对镁铝合金结构件待修复区域的表面进行清洁和打磨处理;将镁铝合金结构件待修复区域的表面进行清洁和打磨处理后,镁铝合金结构件待修复区域的表面粗糙度不大于2.5μm;(1) Cleaning and grinding the surface of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts to be repaired; after cleaning and grinding the surface of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts to be repaired, the surface roughness of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts to be repaired not more than 2.5μm;
(2)采用冷气动力喷涂技术,用惰性气体负载待喷涂颗粒经加热至400℃后,喷涂于待修复的区域表面;其中,所述惰性气体通过管道与喷枪连接;在喷枪中,惰性气体和待喷涂颗粒被加热至400℃;所述喷枪喷嘴出口的直径为8mm,所述喷枪的枪口与待修复部件表面的距离为35cm;所述惰性气体的压强为5MPa;所述惰性气体为氩气;所述待喷涂颗粒的粒径为10μm;所述待喷涂颗粒的沉积厚度为300μm/循环;所述待修复镁铝合金结构件材料为ZL101型铝合金;所述待喷涂颗粒的材料为ZL101型铝合金粉末;(2) Using cold air power spraying technology, the particles to be sprayed are loaded with inert gas and heated to 400 ° C, and then sprayed on the surface of the area to be repaired; wherein, the inert gas is connected to the spray gun through a pipeline; in the spray gun, the inert gas and The particles to be sprayed are heated to 400°C; the diameter of the nozzle outlet of the spray gun is 8 mm, and the distance between the muzzle of the spray gun and the surface of the part to be repaired is 35 cm; the pressure of the inert gas is 5MPa; the inert gas is argon The particle size of the particles to be sprayed is 10 μm; the deposition thickness of the particles to be sprayed is 300 μm/cycle; the material of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts to be repaired is ZL101 aluminum alloy; the material of the particles to be sprayed is ZL101 aluminum alloy powder;
(3)对修复部件的表面涂层进行机械加工,得到修复后的镁铝合金结构件。(3) Machining the surface coating of the repaired parts to obtain the repaired magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts.
实施例4Example 4
本发明所述镁铝合金结构件的修复方法的一种实施例,本实施例所述修复方法具体如下:An embodiment of the repairing method of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural member of the present invention, the repairing method described in this embodiment is as follows:
(1)对镁铝合金结构件待修复区域的表面进行清洁和打磨处理;将镁铝合金结构件待修复区域的表面进行清洁和打磨处理后,镁铝合金结构件待修复区域的表面粗糙度不大于1μm;(1) Cleaning and grinding the surface of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts to be repaired; after cleaning and grinding the surface of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts to be repaired, the surface roughness of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts to be repaired not more than 1μm;
(2)采用冷气动力喷涂技术,用惰性气体负载待喷涂颗粒经加热至600℃后,喷涂于待修复的区域表面;其中,所述惰性气体通过管道与喷枪连接;在喷枪中,惰性气体和待喷涂颗粒被加热至600℃;所述喷枪喷嘴出口的直径为10mm,所述喷枪的枪口与待修复部件表面的距离为40cm;所述惰性气体的压强为6MPa;所述惰性气体为氮气;所述待喷涂颗粒的粒径为35μm;所述待喷涂颗粒的沉积厚度为400μm/循环;所述待修复镁铝合金结构件材料为6061型铝合金;所述待喷涂颗粒的材料为6061型铝合金粉末;(2) Using cold air power spraying technology, the particles to be sprayed are loaded with inert gas and heated to 600 ℃, and then sprayed on the surface of the area to be repaired; wherein, the inert gas is connected to the spray gun through a pipeline; in the spray gun, the inert gas and The particles to be sprayed are heated to 600°C; the diameter of the nozzle outlet of the spray gun is 10mm, and the distance between the muzzle of the spray gun and the surface of the component to be repaired is 40cm; the pressure of the inert gas is 6MPa; the inert gas is nitrogen The particle size of the particles to be sprayed is 35 μm; the deposition thickness of the particles to be sprayed is 400 μm/cycle; the material of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structure to be repaired is 6061 type aluminum alloy; the material of the particles to be sprayed is 6061 Type aluminum alloy powder;
(3)对修复部件的表面涂层进行机械加工,得到修复后的镁铝合金结构件。(3) Machining the surface coating of the repaired parts to obtain the repaired magnesium-aluminum alloy structural parts.
本发明所述修复方法是首先对镁铝合金结构件待修复区域进行表面处理,尽量保证修复面的洁净及低粗糙度,然后在喷涂前对待喷涂颗粒进行预热,控制待喷涂颗粒粒子的软化程度,调控粉末粒子撞击基体时撞击速度与塑性变形程度,一方面使涂层与基体达到冶金结合状态,结合强度接近铸件强度,另一方面改善了粉末粒子沉积状态,使涂层逐层堆叠平整,修复厚度不受影响,对不同尺寸大小、不同损毁程度部件均可实现修复。采用本发明所述方法获得的修复区域能够与部件本身强度相媲美,解决了镁铝合金结构件的修复难题。而且,通过对喷枪lava喷嘴形状改造,如附图1所示,优化粒子加速路径,将粒子速度可提高至700-800m/s;惰性压缩气体通过管道与喷枪连接,从喷枪中通过,同时向喷枪中注入待喷涂颗粒,惰性气体与待喷涂颗粒在喷枪中混合和加热后,加热至一定温度后,经过喷嘴待喷涂颗粒借助压缩气体以高速、完全固态的状态碰撞修复面,待喷涂颗粒与电极体同时发生剧烈的塑性变形后沉积在部件的表面,进而通过颗粒的堆积效应形成具有高致密性、高热稳定性和高强结合的沉积体。喷涂过程中,喷枪和部件保持匀速相对移动,每沉积一层,称为一个循环或一遍。根据损毁程度及沉积效率,估算喷涂循环数,到达循环数(即修复达到要求尺寸)后停止喷涂。最后进行机加工去除多余材料达到图纸要求形状与尺寸;从附图2可以看出,本发明镁铝合金结构件修复方法修复效果好。The repairing method of the invention is to first perform surface treatment on the to-be-repaired area of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structure to ensure the cleanliness and low roughness of the repaired surface, and then preheat the to-be-sprayed particles before spraying to control the softening of the to-be-sprayed particles. On the one hand, the metallurgical bonding state of the coating and the substrate is achieved, and the bonding strength is close to the strength of the casting; on the other hand, the deposition state of the powder particles is improved, so that the coating layer is stacked flat. , the repair thickness is not affected, and the parts of different sizes and different damage degrees can be repaired. The repaired area obtained by the method of the invention can be comparable to the strength of the component itself, and the repairing problem of the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural component is solved. Moreover, by modifying the shape of the lava nozzle of the spray gun, as shown in Figure 1, the particle acceleration path is optimized, and the particle velocity can be increased to 700-800m/s; the inert compressed gas is connected to the spray gun through a pipeline, passes through the spray gun, and at the same time goes to the spray gun. The particles to be sprayed are injected into the spray gun. After the inert gas and the particles to be sprayed are mixed and heated in the spray gun, and heated to a certain temperature, the particles to be sprayed through the nozzle are collided with the repair surface in a high-speed, completely solid state with the help of compressed gas. The electrode body undergoes severe plastic deformation at the same time and is deposited on the surface of the component, thereby forming a deposit body with high density, high thermal stability and high-strength bonding through the accumulation effect of particles. During the spraying process, the spray gun and the parts move relatively at a constant speed, and each layer deposited is called a cycle or one pass. According to the degree of damage and deposition efficiency, estimate the number of spraying cycles, and stop spraying when the number of cycles is reached (that is, the repair reaches the required size). Finally, machining is performed to remove excess material to achieve the shape and size required by the drawing; it can be seen from Figure 2 that the repairing method for the magnesium-aluminum alloy structural part of the present invention has a good repairing effect.
最后所应当说明的是,以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对本发明保护范围的限制,尽管参照较佳实施例对本发明作了详细说明,本领域的普通技术人员应当理解,可以对本发明的技术方案进行修改或者等同替换,而不脱离本发明技术方案的实质和范围。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that, The technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.
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