CN111926199B - Pre-smelting process of electrolytic aluminum liquid - Google Patents
Pre-smelting process of electrolytic aluminum liquid Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a pre-smelting process of electrolytic aluminum liquid. A pre-smelting process of electrolytic aluminum liquid comprises the following steps: (1) pre-alloying treatment: after the electrolytic aluminum liquid enters a transfer vacuum bag, pre-alloying treatment is carried out, and after the intermediate alloy is put into the transfer vacuum bag, inert gas is blown into the transfer vacuum bag from the microporous air brick at the bottom of the transfer vacuum bag until the intermediate alloy is completely melted; (2) air blowing purification treatment: after the intermediate alloy is completely melted, firstly arranging a covering agent on the surface of the melt, and then adjusting the flow and pressure of inert gas, wherein the flow and pressure of the inert gas are controlled to be in a periodic mountain peak type of gradually increasing and then gradually decreasing; (3) after the air blowing purification is finished, standing for 2-5min, and removing the covering agent. The invention pre-smelts the electrolytic aluminum liquid in the transfer vacuum bag, pre-adjusts the components, reduces the gas-containing slag content and improves the cleanliness of the melt, thereby being directly used for producing high-quality aluminum alloy, and having high production efficiency, little pollution and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum processing, and particularly relates to a pre-smelting process of electrolytic aluminum liquid.
Background
With the continuous progress of the technology, the quality requirement of the market on the aluminum alloy is higher and higher, the customer demand is developing towards the trend of thinning, high strength and easy processing, the high-quality aluminum alloy for special purposes is gradually paid attention and favored by the market, and the requirement of the high-quality aluminum alloy on the cleanness degree before casting is more and more strict. If the requirements of the aluminum alloy for the high-end welding wire material on the gas content and the slag content of the product are strict, if the aluminum alloy exceeds the standard, the aluminum alloy seriously splashes in the welding process, and the bad air holes appear in the welding line; the anodic aluminum oxide alloy for the housing of 3C electronic products and the decorative strips of automobiles has high requirement on the content of inclusions, and the inclusions with micro sizes (less than 10 mu m) can also show the defects of black lines, white lines and the like after rolling and anodic oxidation.
The biggest pain point in the current production of high-quality aluminum alloy is high production cost. The production cost is high because the electrolytic aluminum liquid contains much slag and has high gas content, so that the electrolytic aluminum liquid is difficult to be directly used for producing high-quality aluminum alloy, and in order to reach the quality standard, the electrolytic aluminum liquid is generally produced by secondary remelting of a full aluminum ingot, and the process has the problems of low production efficiency, large raw material melting loss and serious environmental pollution; secondly, a more advanced melt purification technology, especially an on-line degassing and deslagging technology, needs to be matched, so that the equipment purchase and maintenance costs are high, but the removal effect on the inclusions with smaller sizes is poor; thirdly, the product qualification rate is low, and the number of complaints and claims is large.
The impurities in the aluminum alloy liquid are from two types, one type is carried in production raw materials, mainly is carried in electrolytic aluminum liquid, and has multiple types and large quantity; the second type is oxide inclusions generated by unstable flow such as transfer, liquid level difference and the like in the production process, and the relative quantity is small.
The statistics of the type and size of typical inclusions in aluminum alloys are given in the following table. It can be seen that most of the inclusions in the aluminum alloy have a size of 30 μm or less, and many inclusions have a size of 5 μm or less. The result well explains that the main reason that the production of high-quality aluminum alloy can not be directly carried out by using electrolytic aluminum liquid is that the electrolytic aluminum liquid has more inclusions and small size.
The currently common aluminum melt purification method mainly comprises in-furnace solvent refining and air blowing refining, online rotary blowing degassing, filter box deslagging and the like, and more advanced deslagging technologies such as deep bed filtration, tubular filtration and the like are used for high-quality aluminum alloy. Therefore, the precondition for directly producing high-quality aluminum alloy by using the electrolytic aluminum liquid is to reduce the amount of micro-impurities in the raw material of the electrolytic aluminum liquid.
Prior art CN207331019U "an aluminium melt clean system and aluminium and aluminum alloy production system" provides an aluminium melt clean system, including refining agent conveying system, remove alkali device, dross removal mechanism, control system and be used for transporting the conveyor system of aluminium melt, refining agent conveying system has the refining agent delivery outlet, it includes the hollow graphite rotor to remove alkali device, the hollow graphite rotor has first feed inlet, refining agent delivery outlet and first feed inlet intercommunication, control system and refining agent conveying system, remove alkali device, dross removal mechanism and conveyor system communication connection, it is located dross removal mechanism's upper reaches to remove alkali device. The aluminum melt purification system can be used for purifying aluminum melt, so that the cleanliness of the aluminum melt is improved, and the quality of aluminum or aluminum alloy prepared by the aluminum and aluminum alloy production process is good. The patent also provides an aluminum and aluminum alloy production system, the system comprises the aluminum melt purification system provided by the patent, and the aluminum or aluminum alloy product prepared by the system has good quality. However, this patent describes a system for cleaning an aluminum melt by injecting a refining agent into the aluminum melt through a graphite rotor using an inert gas to remove inclusions from the melt by chemical reaction.
In prior art CN104289705A "an aluminum bag with refining function and its using method", the aluminum bag includes a shell and an air inlet pipeline, a plurality of air bricks are installed on the side wall of the aluminum bag, the air inlet pipeline passes through the bottom and side wall of the aluminum bag and is connected to the air bricks; the central position of the air brick is 50-300mm away from the ladle bottom, and the direction of the air holes on the air brick forms an included angle of 30-90 degrees with the tangential direction of the ladle wall and forms an included angle of-30 degrees with the horizontal line direction. Through setting up air brick position and refining gas jet direction messenger's bubble along the curved path come-up, prolonged the effect time of refining gas and aluminium melt, full play refining gas's refining effect. The problem of aluminum liquid splashing caused by improper gas pressure and flow control when the air brick is placed at the bottom is avoided. In addition, each air brick can be independently controlled, and the gas pressure, flow and working time can be adjusted according to requirements, so that a good refining effect is achieved. The patent introduces an aluminum ladle with refining function, and the purification principle is that inert gas is blown into aluminum melt by using air bricks on the side wall of the aluminum ladle, so that the purpose of refining is achieved. However, the air brick of the patent is installed on the side wall of the open aluminum ladle, and according to statistics, the density of most impurities in the aluminum alloy is higher than that of the aluminum liquid, and the air brick is installed on the side wall, so that a good slag removal effect is difficult to achieve. And the patent does not describe specific parameters relating to refining.
In the prior art, CN204220981U (a transfer aluminum ladle suitable for different refining modes) is provided, wherein the transfer aluminum ladle mainly comprises a ladle body, a ladle cover, a hanging beam, a rotating device, air bricks and an air inlet pipeline. The refining gas can refine the molten aluminum through the air brick on the side wall of the aluminum ladle, and the blockage of the air brick by the residual aluminum slag is reduced; the upper part of the aluminum ladle adopts a small opening structure, is suitable for the refining mode of the graphite rotor and is convenient for heat preservation; the transfer aluminum ladle is provided with a hanging beam and a rotating device, so that the aluminum liquid can be transferred and poured by the crane conveniently. However, it does not describe a specific process.
In the prior art CN101121970A 'a method for purifying aluminum alloy melt by using dispersive air bricks and bottom blowing inert gas', SiC dispersive microporous air bricks are sintered by SiN and are designed on a hearth of an aluminum smelting furnace; inert gas is blown from the bottom of the air brick through PLC control, the pressure and the flow of the blown inert gas are controlled, boiling pulse change is formed, and the purposes of stirring, pulse formation, dispersion and small bubble flotation degassing and molten aluminum purification are achieved. The method adopts the technical scheme that inert gas is blown from the bottom of the air brick to form pulse flow heat transfer, the inert atmosphere in the furnace is increased, the burning loss is reduced, the melting rate is improved, the alloying and purification modification processes are carried out, the furnace slag without waste gas discharge and environmental pollution is realized, and the method is a novel aluminum alloy refining technology which is low in cost, operable, environment-friendly and efficient. The patent introduces a dispersion type air brick and a method for purifying an aluminum alloy melt by blowing inert gas from the bottom of a smelting furnace, and pulse inert gas is blown into the air brick from the bottom of the smelting furnace to realize purification. However, the main equipment of the patent is a smelting furnace, and the problem to be solved is the purification in the furnace, which corresponds to the final batch purification means before production. And according to statistics and inspection results, the sizes of inclusions in the aluminum alloy are continuously distributed in a certain range, and pulse gas is bound to cause extreme conditions that the aluminum liquid is too large in rolling or the bottom of an inclusion precipitation furnace is difficult to remove. Meanwhile, the secondary inclusion condition after the inclusion floats upwards cannot be avoided, and the patent does not solve the problem about the trapping and separation of the inclusion.
In view of the above, the invention provides a pre-smelting process for high-quality aluminum alloy by directly utilizing electrolytic aluminum liquid, which can effectively reduce the gas and slag content of the electrolytic aluminum liquid, particularly can reduce the number of micro-inclusions which are difficult to remove by subsequent filtering means, and realize the direct production of high-quality aluminum alloy by using the electrolytic aluminum liquid, thereby significantly reducing the production cost of the high-quality aluminum alloy.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a pre-smelting process of electrolytic aluminum liquid, which mainly aims at solving the problems of high cost and high pollution caused by the fact that the electrolytic aluminum liquid cannot be directly used as a raw material in the prior high-quality aluminum alloy production and a secondary remelting aluminum ingot is used for production.
In order to realize the purpose, the adopted technical scheme is as follows:
a pre-smelting process of electrolytic aluminum liquid comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-alloying treatment: after the electrolytic aluminum liquid enters a transfer vacuum bag, pre-alloying treatment is carried out, and after the intermediate alloy is put into the transfer vacuum bag, inert gas is blown into the transfer vacuum bag from the microporous air brick at the bottom of the transfer vacuum bag until the intermediate alloy is completely melted;
(2) air blowing purification treatment: after the intermediate alloy is completely melted, firstly arranging a covering agent on the surface of the melt, and then adjusting the flow and pressure of inert gas, wherein the flow and pressure of the inert gas are controlled to be in a periodic mountain peak type of gradually increasing and then gradually decreasing;
(3) after the air blowing purification is finished, standing for 2-5min, and removing the covering agent.
Further, in the step (1), the capacity of the transfer vacuum bag is 1/2-1/3 of the smelting furnace.
Further, in the step (1), air bricks are installed at the bottom of the transfer vacuum bag.
Further, in the step (1), the flow rate of the inert gas is 10-20L/h, and the pressure is 0.5-1.0 MPa.
Further, in the step (2), the gas flow peak value range is 2-10L/h, the pressure peak value range is 0.2-1.0MPa, the time period is 5-10min, and the cycle times are 2-5 times.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention relates to the first purification of molten aluminum before the molten aluminum enters a smelting furnace, aims to improve the basic cleanliness of a melt and reduce the pressure of subsequent treatment, and removes impurities through the stirring and adsorption of inert gas.
2. The vacuum bag is used, and the blown inert gas can form an inert atmosphere, so that secondary oxidation slagging and burning loss are reduced. Compared with patent CN101121970A, the main equipment of the patent is a smelting furnace, the invention is a transfer vacuum bag, the capacity, the inner cavity shape and the furnace atmosphere of the two are greatly different, which means that the melt flow, the motion trail of impurities, the secondary oxidation slagging condition and the like are all obviously different, and the effects produced by the same process are definitely different.
The air brick is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum bag, and most of impurities with large density and small size can be removed by matching with an optimally designed air blowing process.
3. Aiming at the inclusions with different sizes, the periodic mountain type refining process is designed, and the final purification effect is ensured. Compared with the patent CN101121970A, the key processes adopted by the two are different, the patent adopts pulse type inert gas, the periodic mountain type inert gas is adopted, the stress conditions of inclusions under different blowing processes are greatly different, the final purification effect is inevitably different, the sizes of the inclusions in the aluminum alloy are continuously distributed in a certain range according to the statistics and test results, and the pulse type gas is inevitably in the condition that the aluminum liquid is too large in rolling or the bottom of an inclusion precipitation furnace is difficult to remove, and the like. The invention blows in periodic mountain type inert gas to promote inclusions of all sizes to float upwards and enter the covering agent, and the gas enters bubbles and is carried out of the molten aluminum
4. The covering agent is arranged on the surface of the aluminum liquid and is used for capturing the impurities floating successfully, so that the secondary inclusion condition after the impurities float is avoided.
5. After the technical scheme of the invention is adopted for treatment, the electrolytic aluminum liquid components are close to the aluminum alloy product components, the inclusion content and the gas content in the aluminum liquid are obviously reduced, 100 percent of the electrolytic aluminum liquid can be directly used for producing high-quality aluminum alloy, the production rhythm is faster, the production cost is lower, and the environmental pollution is less.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a pre-smelting process of electrolytic aluminum liquid.
Detailed Description
In order to further illustrate the preliminary melting process of the electrolytic aluminum liquid of the present invention and achieve the intended purpose of the invention, the following detailed description is given to the preliminary melting process of the electrolytic aluminum liquid according to the present invention with reference to the preferred embodiments, and the specific implementation, structure, characteristics and effects thereof are described in detail. In the following description, different "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" refers to not necessarily the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
Before explaining the pre-smelting process of the electrolytic aluminum liquid in detail, it is necessary to further explain the related technologies mentioned in the present invention to achieve better effects.
The currently common aluminum melt purification method mainly comprises in-furnace solvent refining and air blowing refining, online rotary blowing degassing, filter box deslagging and the like, and more advanced deslagging technologies such as deep bed filtration, tubular filtration and the like are used for high-quality aluminum alloy. Several melt purification techniques are characterized as follows:
(1) solvent in furnace + air refining
The method for removing the slag by refining the solvent and blowing in the furnace is to blow the refining agent into molten aluminum by using inert gas to purify the melt, and is the first step of purifying the melt in the current aluminum alloy smelting process. The refining agent commonly used at present takes chloride and fluoride as main components, and achieves the purpose of purifying melt by adsorbing and dissolving oxide inclusions. Fluoride can enhance the wettability between the inclusions and the refining agent, thereby removing part of the inclusions through adsorption and also partially dissolving oxide inclusions. Chlorine generated by decomposing chloride in the melt treatment process can be combined with hydrogen to play a certain degassing effect.
The degassing and deslagging effect of the method depends on the components of the refining agent, the adding temperature, the adding amount, the blowing mode and the type and the amount of the inclusions in the molten aluminum, the degassing and deslagging efficiency is about 50-60%, and 1-5% of the refining agent per se remains and needs to be removed in the subsequent process.
(2) On-line blowing degassing
On-line blowing degassing is usually set in the middle of furnace eye to filtering device, when the inert gas is blown into the melt by means of rotating nozzle, a large quantity of fine and dispersed bubbles are formed in the melt, the gas in the aluminium liquid continuously permeates into the bubbles in the course of inert gas rising, and the impurities are adsorbed on the surface of the bubbles, and then they are escaped together with the gas and retained on the surface of the melt.
The online blowing degassing efficiency is about 60-70%, the deslagging effect is not obvious, scum escaping to the surface of the melt is difficult to remove in the production process, and the gathered impurities have the risk of entering the aluminum liquid again.
(3) Filtering and deslagging of foamed ceramic filter box
The filter box is usually arranged after on-line blowing degassing, and deslagging is carried out by a foamed ceramic filter sheet formed by sintering alumina and chromium oxide, and a filter combining glass fiber cloth and ceramic particles is also used, but the filtering principle is the same. The foamed ceramic filter box consists of a filter box body and a foamed ceramic filter plate. The foamed ceramic filter plate is prepared by injecting alumina and phosphate mixed slurry into sponge plastic, drying and sintering to volatilize the sponge plastic, thereby forming zigzag channels and pores in the filter plate. During filtering, the aluminum melt is blocked by the filter plate and flows along the zigzag channels and pores in the filter plate, and inclusions in the aluminum melt are captured by contacting with the inner surface of the filter plate under the action of deposition, inertia and the like.
The specification of the foamed ceramic filter sheet is 30-60 meshes, the larger the mesh number is, the smaller the gap is, the larger the thickness is, the lower the flow velocity of the melt is, and the better the removal effect on the impurities is. In order to improve the filtering effect, the two-stage filtering with the thickness of the filter material before filtering and the thickness of the filter material after filtering are commonly used, and the removal rate of the inclusions with the diameter of 20-30 mu m can reach about 75 percent. Obviously, the slag removing means of the filter box has no effect on the inclusion with smaller size, and particularly for the production of high-quality aluminum alloy, the final slag removing means by the filter box cannot achieve the control effect.
(4) Deep bed filtration deslagging
The deep bed filter is composed of a filter box body and a deep bed filter bed body, the filter box body is similar to the foamed ceramic filter box body in structure, the filter principle is basically the same, and the difference is that the shape of a refractory material in the box body is different. The deep bed filter bed body is formed by stacking a plurality of layers of alumina balls and alumina gravel in a special mode. The size of the alumina balls and gravel, and the manner of stacking, all affect the filtration efficiency and filter bed life. The deep bed filtration efficiency of the filter can reach more than 90 percent for the inclusion with the size of more than 20 mu m. But the capturing efficiency for inclusions having a small size is low.
(5) Porous tube type filtering slag removing
The porous tubular filter consists of a filter box body and a deep bed filter bed body, and the characteristics of the filter box body are similar to those of the deep bed filter. The filtering material of the porous tubular filter adopts Al2O3-B2O3Series of pipes with gaps are made up by adding molten aluminium-resisting adhesive in a certain proportion. Al (Al)2O3-B2O3The crystal form is needle-shaped, and has a large relative surface area, and has an excellent trapping effect on impurities. The service life of the filter depends on the size and the number of the pore diameters, the larger the pore diameter is, the longer the service life is, but the filtering effect is reduced.
The filtering effect of the porous tubular filter is better than that of a deep bed, when the size of the impurities is more than or equal to 20 microns, the filtering effect can reach 99%, when the size of the impurities is 10-20 microns, the filtering effect can reach 95%, and when the size of the impurities is less than 10 microns, the filtering effect is reduced to be less than 80%.
In practical use, the single-stage filtration performed by adopting one device has limitations in the aspects of filtration mechanism, filtration size, equipment service life and the like, so that most manufacturers adopt a multi-stage combined filtration mode to improve the efficiency of removing impurities in the aluminum melt, prolong the service life of the device and reduce the production cost. It should also be noted that the deslagging effectiveness of all filtering deslagging equipment is measured by the removal efficiency of inclusions within a certain size range, which means that the inclusion content of the final product is greatly dependent on the inclusion content and size of the original aluminum liquid.
In conclusion, it can be seen that the precondition for the direct production of high-quality aluminum alloy by using the electrolytic aluminum liquid is to reduce the amount of micro-inclusions in the raw material of the electrolytic aluminum liquid.
The details not mentioned in the specification are all conventional technical means in the field.
After understanding the related art mentioned in the present invention, the pre-smelting process of the electrolytic aluminum liquid of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples:
with reference to fig. 1, the technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
a pre-smelting process of electrolytic aluminum liquid comprises the following steps:
(1) pre-alloying treatment: and after the electrolytic aluminum liquid enters a transfer vacuum bag, pre-alloying treatment is carried out, and after the intermediate alloy is put into the vacuum bag, inert gas is blown into the vacuum bag from the microporous air brick at the bottom until the intermediate alloy is completely melted.
The components of the electrolytic aluminum liquid are adjusted by utilizing the high temperature of the electrolytic aluminum liquid and the stirring of the gas, which is favorable for the melting of the alloy and the uniformity of the components, thereby shortening the smelting time in the subsequent smelting and maintaining furnace and improving the production efficiency. Meanwhile, the pre-alloying treatment can play a role in quickly cooling the aluminum liquid (after the electrolytic aluminum liquid is added with the intermediate alloy, the cooling effect is played), and the electrolyte mixed in the electrolytic aluminum liquid is further quickly separated out; and the temperature is reduced, so that the gas solubility of the aluminum liquid is reduced, and the degassing efficiency is improved. In addition, the impurities brought by the intermediate alloy can be removed in the pre-smelting process, so that the pressure of smelting and purification in the furnace is reduced.
(2) Air blowing purification treatment: after the intermediate alloy is completely melted, firstly, a covering agent is arranged on the surface of the melt, then, the flow rate and the pressure of inert gas are adjusted, and the flow rate and the pressure of the gas are controlled to be in a periodic mountain peak type which is gradually increased and then gradually decreased.
Because most inclusions in the aluminum alloy have higher density than aluminum and are easy to deposit at the bottom, the reasonable floating force of various inclusions with different sizes under the condition that the aluminum liquid does not roll is ensured by using inert gas with gradually increased flow and air pressure, and the inclusions gradually float away from the bottom along with the flowing of the aluminum liquid. And then the flow rate and the air pressure of the inert gas are gradually reduced, so that impurities with different sizes are ensured to continuously float upwards under the adsorption action of bubbles until the impurities are captured by a covering agent on the surface of the aluminum liquid, and the gas in the aluminum liquid continuously permeates into the bubbles to be removed.
(3) After the air blowing purification is finished, standing for 2-5min, and then removing the covering agent, namely transferring the aluminum liquid with higher cleanliness into a smelting furnace for production.
And (3) after the air blowing purification is finished, standing for 2-5min to remove the covering agent after the impurities fully float, thus obtaining the aluminum alloy liquid with remarkably improved cleanliness and approximate components and finished products.
Further, in the step (1), the capacity of the transfer vacuum bag is 1/2-1/3 of the smelting furnace. Therefore, the process can be operated by 2-3 transferring vacuum bags at the same time, and compared with the method which is operated integrally after all aluminum is fed, the method has the characteristics of flexible and adjustable parameters, short processing time and good degassing and deslagging effects.
Further, in the step (1), air bricks are installed at the bottom of the transfer vacuum bag. The air brick is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum bag, and most of impurities with large density and small size can be removed by matching with an optimally designed blowing process.
Further, in the step (1), the flow rate of the inert gas is 10-20L/h, and the pressure is 0.5-1.0 MPa.
Further, in the step (2), the gas flow peak value range is 2-10L/h, the pressure peak value range is 0.2-1.0MPa, the time period is 5-10min, and the cycle times are 2-5 times. The volume flow, the pressure, the time period and the cycle times can be flexibly adjusted according to the weight of the aluminum liquid and the content of impurities in the aluminum liquid.
After the technical scheme is adopted, the content of the aluminum liquid slag is tested by using a PoDFA method of a special slag tester of ABB company, and the pre-smelting method can remove 45-60% of impurities in the electrolytic aluminum liquid; the southwest aluminum ELH-IV type aluminum liquid on-line hydrogen measuring instrument is used for testing the hydrogen content of the aluminum liquid, and the pre-smelting method can reduce the gas content in the electrolytic aluminum liquid by 40-50%.
Example 1: pre-production of 6063 alloy rod for anodic oxidation by using 100% electrolytic aluminum liquid
(1) The aluminum feeding capacity of the vacuum bag is 8t each time, and after the electrolytic aluminum liquid enters the vacuum bag, the slag content is firstly tested to be 0.28mm2Kg, hydrogen content 0.39ml/100 g. 160kg of aluminum silicon (20%) intermediate alloy is added, and then high-purity argon gas is blown into the microporous air brick from the bottom of the vacuum ladle at the flow rate of 12L/h and the pressure of 0.6 MPa.
(2) After 15min, after the intermediate alloy is completely melted, a covering agent is arranged on the surface of the aluminum melt, then high-purity argon is blown according to a periodic peak mode, the peak value of the gas flow is 5L/h, the peak value of the pressure is 0.5MPa, the time period is 8min, and the cycle is performed for 3 times.
(3) Standing for 5min, and removing the covering agent.
The content of the slag is 0.13mm in the sampling test2Kg, hydrogen content 0.23ml/100 g. The Si content is tested to be 0.39% after pre-smelting, the components are finely adjusted after the pre-smelting is transferred into a melting and holding furnace, so that the component requirements of customers can be met, and the production efficiency is improved.
Example 2: 5183 alloy rod for producing high-end welding wire by using 100% electrolytic aluminum liquid in advance
(1) The aluminum feeding capacity of the vacuum ladle is 6t each time, and after the electrolytic aluminum liquid enters the vacuum ladle, the slag content is firstly tested to be 0.31mm2Kg, hydrogen content 0.38ml/100 g. After adding 250kg of magnesium ingot, high-purity argon is blown into the microporous air brick from the bottom of the vacuum bag, the flow is 10L/h, and the pressure is 0.6 MPa.
(2) After 15min, after the intermediate alloy is completely melted, a covering agent is arranged on the surface of the aluminum melt, then high-purity argon is blown according to a periodic peak mode, the peak value of the gas flow is 4L/h, the peak value of the pressure is 0.5MPa, the time period is 6min, and the circulation is carried out for 4 times.
(3) Standing for 5min, and removing the covering agent. The content of the slag is 0.14mm in the sampling test2Kg, hydrogen content 0.21ml/100 g. The Mg content is tested to be 3.97% after pre-smelting, the component fine adjustment is carried out after the pre-smelting is transferred into a melting and holding furnace, the component requirements of customers can be met, and the production efficiency is improved.
The technical scheme of the invention firstly utilizes the transfer process of the tundish to carry out pre-alloying and deslagging operation. A transfer vacuum bag with air bricks arranged at the bottom is used as production equipment; after aluminum is added, pre-alloying is firstly carried out, the components of alloy liquid are adjusted to be close to a finished product, the temperature of aluminum liquid is reduced, and the rapid precipitation of impurities such as electrolyte and the like is promoted; after the pre-alloying is finished, a covering agent is arranged on the surface of the aluminum liquid and used for capturing impurities which float successfully; blowing in periodic mountain type inert gas to promote inclusions of all sizes to float upwards and enter the covering agent, and leading the gas to enter bubbles and be carried out of the aluminum liquid; and after the air blowing purification is finished, standing for 2-5min to remove the covering agent after the impurities float sufficiently. Therefore, the technical scheme of the invention can be applied to an electrolytic aluminum plant to directly produce high-quality aluminum alloy, can improve the production efficiency, obviously reduce the production cost and reduce the environmental pollution, and has strong practicability.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and any simple modification, equivalent change and modification made to the above embodiments according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The pre-smelting process of electrolytic aluminum liquid is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) pre-alloying treatment: after the electrolytic aluminum liquid enters a transfer vacuum bag, pre-alloying treatment is carried out, and after the intermediate alloy is put into the transfer vacuum bag, inert gas is blown into the transfer vacuum bag from the microporous air brick at the bottom of the transfer vacuum bag until the intermediate alloy is completely melted;
wherein, the bottom of the transfer vacuum bag is provided with air bricks;
the flow rate of the inert gas is 10-20L/h, and the pressure is 0.5-1.0 MPa;
(2) air blowing purification treatment: after the intermediate alloy is completely melted, firstly arranging a covering agent on the surface of the melt, and then adjusting the flow and pressure of inert gas, wherein the flow and pressure of the inert gas are controlled to be in a periodic mountain peak type of gradually increasing and then gradually decreasing;
the gas flow peak value range is 2-10L/h, the pressure peak value range is 0.2-1.0MPa, the time period is 5-10min, and the cycle times are 2-5 times;
(3) after the air blowing purification is finished, standing for 2-5min, and removing the covering agent.
2. The pre-smelting process of claim 1,
in the step (1), the capacity of the transfer vacuum bag is 1/2-1/3 of the smelting furnace.
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| CN202010660629.4A CN111926199B (en) | 2020-07-10 | 2020-07-10 | Pre-smelting process of electrolytic aluminum liquid |
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