CN111925482B - Polymer fluid gel material, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a polymer fluid gel, a preparation method and application thereof. The gel material comprises a three-dimensional network of polymer and a polymer fluid within the three-dimensional network; the three-dimensional network and the polymer fluid are both continuous phases. The preparation method comprises the following steps: according to the weight portion, 10-80 portions of polymer fluid, 0.1-10 portions of cross-linking agent, 0.5-10 portions of initiator and 20-90 portions of polymer monomer are prepared into mixed solution, and the mixed solution is reacted under the condition of illumination of an ultraviolet lamp or heating.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of polymer damping materials, and particularly relates to a polymer fluid gel with high damping, wide temperature range and wide frequency band, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The damping material is a functional material which can effectively convert vibration mechanical energy into heat energy to be dissipated, has unique performance advantages in vibration reduction, noise reduction and other aspects, and is widely applied to the fields of machinery, buildings, vibration reduction, medical materials, daily products, electronic devices and the like. The polymer material has unique viscoelasticity, i.e. it exhibits both liquid and elastic solid properties under the action of external force, and the viscous part can effectively dissipate mechanical energy, and is most suitable as a damping material (macro. rapid Commun.2016,37, 655-661). The traditional polymer damping material is based on the fact that polymer chain segments relax in a glass transition region to generate mutual friction, and the vibration mechanical energy is converted into heat energy. However, such materials have many disadvantages, the temperature or frequency span of the glass transition region of the polymer is narrow, only 20 ℃ and 100Hz, respectively, and cannot meet the requirements of the complex environment, and the width and size of the effective damping region are difficult to be adjusted precisely (Assignment of the glass transition, Association Technical Publication, Philadelphia, 1994). Therefore, there is a need to overcome the limitations of the prior art and develop a high-performance, wide-temperature range, wide-frequency range and fine damping material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a polymer fluid gel with high damping, wide temperature range and wide frequency band, and aims to solve the problems in the prior art. The polymeric fluid gel material comprises a polymeric three-dimensional network and a polymeric fluid within the three-dimensional network; the three-dimensional network and the polymer fluid are continuous phases.
In the polymer fluid gel material, the three-dimensional network can generate reversible deformation, meanwhile, the polymer fluid in the polymer fluid can generate whole-chain motion due to the viscosity of the polymer fluid, and the polymer fluid act in a synergistic manner, so that energy applied from the outside can be effectively dissipated. Therefore, the polymer fluid gel material provided by the invention provides a brand-new energy dissipation mechanism with excellent performance, namely, the dissipation mechanism based on the synergistic effect of the viscous polymer fluid and the three-dimensional elastic network of the polymer, is essentially different from the traditional damping material, and can overcome the defects in the prior art.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide a method for preparing the above polymeric fluid gel material.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a method of preparing a polymeric fluid gel material, comprising the steps of:
(1) weighing and proportioning raw materials according to parts by weight to prepare a homogeneous mixed solution, wherein the raw materials comprise 10-80 parts of polymer fluid, 0.1-10 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.5-10 parts of initiator and 20-90 parts of polymer monomer;
(2) and (2) placing the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) under the condition of ultraviolet irradiation or heating for reaction to prepare the polymer fluid gel material.
The type of the polymer fluid in the step (1) is not particularly limited, and various polymers in the art that are in a fluid state at room temperature may be used. To achieve better damping properties, preferred polymer fluids are one or more of polyacrylates, polydimethylsiloxane, polyurethane.
The polymer fluid described in step (1) preferably has a molecular weight of 5000-500000.
The type of the polymer monomer described in the step (1) is not particularly limited, and various types of polymer monomers or prepolymers in the present application can be used. In order to simplify the preparation process and moderate the reaction conditions, the preferable polymer monomer is one or more of acrylate monomer, hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, polyurethane and natural rubber.
The type of the cross-linking agent in step (1) is not particularly limited, and a polymer cross-linking agent conventional in the art can be used, and the preferred cross-linking agent is one or more of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, tetraethoxysilane, pentaerythritol and sulfur.
The type of the initiator described in step (1) is not particularly limited, and various initiators conventional in the art, such as peroxides or azo type agents, can be used. The preferable initiator is one or more of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl acetone, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-diethoxy acetophenone, azodiisobutyronitrile and butylstannyl laurate.
The UV irradiation reaction in step (2) can be carried out in a manner known in the art. In order to ensure complete polymerization of the polymer monomers, the UV irradiation time is preferably 0.5 to 5 hours.
The heating reaction described in step (2) may be carried out in a manner known in the art. In order to prevent the polymer monomer from volatilizing and generating bubbles during the reaction, the heating temperature is preferably between 50 and 100 ℃, and the heating time is preferably 0.5 to 5 hours.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the polymeric fluid gel material provided by the invention provides a brand new energy dissipation mechanism, namely a dissipation mechanism based on the synergistic effect of the viscous polymeric fluid and the three-dimensional elastic network of the polymer. The three-dimensional elastic network is formed by polymerization initiated by polymer monomers, a large amount of viscous polymer fluid is filled in the elastic network, the viscous polymer fluid and the elastic network organically form a continuous phase, the elastic network is soft and elastic, after vibration energy is transmitted, the polymer fluid can slide mutually to generate a large amount of internal loss, and the three-dimensional elastic network has excellent vibration-proof and impact-resistant properties.
Moreover, the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple preparation process, low cost, easy realization of large-scale preparation and easy popularization and application in the market. The damping performance of the material at a specific frequency can be improved by changing the molecular weight of the polymer fluid to adjust the motion behavior in the network. And moreover, a plurality of polymer fluids with different molecular weights can be filled in the network, and the material performance parameters can be adjusted through the collocation of the polymer fluids, so that the preparation of a series of materials with high damping, wide temperature range and wide frequency band is realized.
Therefore, the polymer fluid gel material provided by the invention overcomes the problems of narrow effective damping temperature and frequency range and difficult accurate adjustment of damping performance of the traditional damping material, and belongs to a high-performance damping material with high damping, wide temperature range and wide frequency band. The gel material has a temperature range of-40-120 deg.C and a frequency range of 10-108The damping coefficient is above 0.5 under the condition of Hz.
In addition, based on the excellent performances of the polymer fluid gel material provided by the invention, the polymer fluid gel material can be applied as a damping material in the aspects of vibration and noise reduction, and also can be widely applied in the aspects of safety protection, wearable devices, artificial muscles, clothing protectors, energy sources, medical use, health, electronic devices, antifouling and drag reduction, building materials, vehicles, robots, instruments and meters and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1: curve of damping coefficient of polymer fluid gel with frequency
Detailed Description
Example 1:
(1) weighing and proportioning the raw materials according to the parts by weight, then mixing, and uniformly stirring to form a homogeneous mixed solution, wherein the raw materials comprise 50 parts of polybutyl acrylate fluid with the molecular weight of 35000, 1 part of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 0.5 part of 2, 2-diethoxyacetophenone and 50 parts of butyl acrylate.
(2) Pouring the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) into a mould, and reacting for 2 hours under the condition of illumination of an ultraviolet lamp.
Example 2:
(1) weighing and proportioning the raw materials according to the parts by weight, then mixing, and uniformly stirring to form a homogeneous mixed solution, wherein the raw materials comprise 50 parts of polybutyl acrylate fluid with the molecular weight of 20000, 1 part of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 0.5 part of 2, 2-diethoxyacetophenone and 50 parts of butyl acrylate.
(2) Pouring the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) into a mould, and reacting for 2 hours under the condition of illumination of an ultraviolet lamp.
Example 3:
(1) the raw materials are weighed and proportioned according to the parts by weight, then mixed and stirred evenly to form a homogeneous mixed solution, wherein the raw materials comprise 60 parts of polybutyl acrylate fluid with molecular weight of 35000, 1 part of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 0.5 part of azobisisobutyronitrile and 40 parts of butyl acrylate.
(2) Pouring the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) into a mould, and reacting for 4 hours at the heating temperature of 70 ℃.
Example 4:
(1) weighing and proportioning the raw materials according to parts by weight, then mixing, and uniformly stirring to form a homogeneous mixed solution, wherein the raw materials comprise 40 parts of polybutyl acrylate fluid with molecular weight of 35000, 2 parts of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 0.5 part of 2, 2-diethoxyacetophenone and 60 parts of butyl acrylate.
(2) Pouring the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) into a mould, and reacting for 2 hours under the condition of illumination of an ultraviolet lamp.
Example 5:
(1) weighing and proportioning raw materials according to parts by weight, then mixing, and uniformly stirring to form a homogeneous mixed solution, wherein the raw materials comprise 70 parts of polybutyl acrylate fluid with the molecular weight of 50000, 3 parts of pentaerythritol, 0.5 part of butylstannyl laurate and 30 parts of polyurethane.
(2) Pouring the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) into a mould, and reacting for 2 hours under the condition of illumination of an ultraviolet lamp.
Example 6:
(1) weighing and proportioning the raw materials according to the parts by weight, then mixing, and uniformly stirring to form a homogeneous mixed solution, wherein the raw materials comprise 20 parts of each of polybutyl acrylate fluid with molecular weights of 35000, 90000 and 150000, 3 parts of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, 0.5 part of 2, 2-diethoxyacetophenone and 40 parts of butyl acrylate.
(2) Pouring the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) into a mould, and reacting for 2 hours under the condition of illumination of an ultraviolet lamp.
Example 7:
(1) the raw materials are weighed and proportioned according to the parts by weight, then mixed and stirred evenly to form a homogeneous mixed solution, wherein the raw materials comprise 60 parts of polybutyl acrylate fluid with the molecular weight of 35000, 5 parts of sulfur, 0.5 part of 2, 2-diethoxyacetophenone and 40 parts of natural rubber.
(2) Pouring the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) into a mould, and reacting for 5 hours at the heating temperature of 100 ℃.
Example 8:
(1) the raw materials are weighed and proportioned according to the parts by weight, then mixed and stirred evenly to form a homogeneous mixed solution, wherein the raw materials comprise 60 parts of polydimethylsiloxane fluid with the molecular weight of 100000, 1 part of ethyl orthosilicate, 0.5 part of butylstannyl cinnamate and 40 parts of hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane.
(2) Pouring the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) into a mould, and reacting for 3 hours at the heating temperature of 60 ℃.
Through detection, the mechanical property characterization results of the high-damping, wide-temperature-range and wide-band polymer elastomers prepared in examples 1 to 8 are as follows:
as can be seen from the above table, the polymer elastomer prepared by the invention has the properties of high damping, wide temperature range and wide frequency band. The above examples are only for illustrating the present invention in detail, and the illustrative examples and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A polymeric fluid gel material, characterized in that said gel material comprises a polymeric three-dimensional network and a polymeric fluid inside said three-dimensional network; the three-dimensional network and the polymer fluid are both continuous phases; the polymeric fluid gel material is prepared by the steps of:
(1) weighing and proportioning raw materials according to parts by weight to prepare a homogeneous mixed solution, wherein the raw materials comprise 10-80 parts of polymer fluid, 0.1-10 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.5-10 parts of initiator and 20-90 parts of polymer monomer;
(2) placing the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) under an ultraviolet irradiation condition or a heating condition for reaction to prepare a polymer fluid gel material;
the polymer fluid in the step (1) is selected from one or more of polyacrylate, polydimethylsiloxane and polyurethane;
the polymer monomer in the step (1) is selected from one or more of acrylate monomers, vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, polyurethane prepolymer and natural rubber.
2. A method of preparing a polymeric fluid gel material according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) weighing and proportioning raw materials according to parts by weight to prepare a homogeneous mixed solution, wherein the raw materials comprise 10-80 parts of polymer fluid, 0.1-10 parts of cross-linking agent, 0.5-10 parts of initiator and 20-90 parts of polymer monomer;
(2) placing the mixed solution obtained in the step (1) under an ultraviolet irradiation condition or a heating condition for reaction to prepare a polymer fluid gel material;
the polymer fluid in the step (1) is selected from one or more of polyacrylate, polydimethylsiloxane and polyurethane;
the polymer monomer in the step (1) is selected from one or more of acrylate monomers, vinyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, polyurethane prepolymer and natural rubber.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein: the molecular weight of the polymer fluid used in step (1) is 5000-300000.
4. The method of claim 2, wherein: the cross-linking agent in the step (1) can be one or more of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, bisacrylamide, ethyl orthosilicate, pentaerythritol and sulfur; the initiator is selected from one or more of 2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenyl acetone, 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone, 2-diethoxy acetophenone, azodiisobutyronitrile and butylstannyl laurate.
5. The method of claim 2, wherein: in the heating temperature condition in the step (2), the heating temperature is 50-100 ℃, and the reaction time is 0.5-5 h.
6. The method of claim 2, wherein: in the ultraviolet irradiation condition in the step (2), the irradiation time is 0.5-5 h.
7. Use of the polymeric fluid gel material according to claim 1 as a damping material for vibration and noise reduction.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1418230A (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2003-05-14 | 株式会社三键 | Silicone get composition |
| CN101679784A (en) * | 2007-03-13 | 2010-03-24 | Cp凯尔科美国股份有限公司 | The improved formulation for coating material that comprises cellulose ether/network building polymer fluid gel thickeners |
| JP2012206994A (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2012-10-25 | Kose Corp | Oil-in-water type cosmetic containing bubble and method for producing the same |
| CN104937035A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2015-09-23 | 3M创新有限公司 | Room temperature curable siloxane-based gels |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1418230A (en) * | 2000-03-17 | 2003-05-14 | 株式会社三键 | Silicone get composition |
| CN101679784A (en) * | 2007-03-13 | 2010-03-24 | Cp凯尔科美国股份有限公司 | The improved formulation for coating material that comprises cellulose ether/network building polymer fluid gel thickeners |
| JP2012206994A (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2012-10-25 | Kose Corp | Oil-in-water type cosmetic containing bubble and method for producing the same |
| CN104937035A (en) * | 2012-12-12 | 2015-09-23 | 3M创新有限公司 | Room temperature curable siloxane-based gels |
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