CN111920566A

CN111920566A - External fixator for fracture reduction

Info

Publication number: CN111920566A
Application number: CN202010631151.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张奎; 张奇; 陈伟; 程晓东; 张宁; 张英泽
Original assignee: Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University
Current assignee: Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University
Priority date: 2020-07-03
Filing date: 2020-07-03
Publication date: 2020-11-13

Abstract

The invention discloses an external fixator for fracture reduction, which comprises a palm fixing plate, a forearm fixing plate, a connecting plate, a horizontal rotating shaft and a vertical rotating shaft, wherein the palm fixing plate is attached and fixed to the back of a palm of a patient, the forearm fixing plate is attached and fixed to the forearm of the patient, the connecting plate and the palm fixing plate are rotatably connected through the horizontal rotating shaft and are provided with locking devices, and the connecting plate and the forearm fixing plate are rotatably connected through the vertical rotating shaft and are provided with positioning devices. The palm fixing plate and the forearm fixing plate are connected together through the two mutually vertical rotating shafts to form the external fracture reduction fixator, and the fixator can be reused, and the posture and the tightness of the fixator can be adjusted at any time according to the wrist swelling condition of a patient, so that the loss rate of the fracture after reduction can be effectively reduced, the treatment effect can be improved, the pain of the fracture patient caused by multiple times of plaster replacement can be avoided, and the treatment cost can be reduced.

Description

External fixator for fracture reduction

Technical Field

The invention relates to an external fixator for radius distal end fracture reduction, which has adjustable posture, can be repeatedly used and is convenient for skin care, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments.

Background

The distal radius fracture is one of the most common fractures in clinic, accounts for 17% of the emergency fracture, is within 2-3 cm of the distal radius, and is caused by large traumatic violence of young and middle-aged patients. The incidence of fracture is higher in osteoporosis patients among the elderly. The treatment of the distal radius fracture mainly comprises three steps of reduction, fixation and rehabilitation exercise, and the fixation plays a key role in the treatment process. The operation treatment is suitable for patients with comminuted fracture and combined nerve and blood vessel injury, and most patients with distal radius fracture can obtain good effect after the operation reduction and external fixation. Good fixation not only can provide a strong mechanical environment for fracture healing, but also has the effects of relieving pain of patients, promoting soft tissue repair and the like. In the emergency treatment of patients with multiple injuries, the rapid and accurate fixation can not only prevent the malformation healing of the fracture, effectively avoid the injury of peripheral vascular nerve tendons by the fracture broken ends, but also facilitate the transportation of the patients.

At present, the main method for conservative treatment of distal radius fracture is manual reduction plaster external fixation. However, gypsum external fixation has many disadvantages: 1. the plaster can not be adjusted after being fixed, and the loss rate after the fracture is reset is very high. The soft tissue swelling of the wrist is obvious after the distal radius fracture, and as the wrist swelling is gradually reduced, the plaster originally attached to the limb is gradually loosened, and the possibility of fracture displacement appears. 2. Is not beneficial to skin care. Due to poor air permeability of the plaster, the wrapped wrist skin may have pressure sores, even ulceration and infection, and the pain of the skin and the fracture is not easy to distinguish, so misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis are easily caused, the fracture treatment effect is seriously influenced, and even medical accidents are caused. 3. The plaster can not be used repeatedly, and for the patient whose position is changed after the fracture reduction, the plaster needs to be replaced for many times, which not only increases the pain of the patient, but also increases the treatment cost. 4. Due to the properties of the plaster, the fracture plaster influences the shooting and rechecking effect after being fixed. 5. The plaster is fixed to be heavy and not beautiful.

In view of the above, the conventional plaster external fixation method has not been able to satisfy clinical needs, and there is a need to develop a new external fixation device for fracture reduction.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a fracture reduction external fixator with adjustable posture and reusability aiming at the defects of the prior art so as to improve the fracture treatment effect, relieve the pain of fracture patients and reduce the treatment cost.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the utility model provides a fracture external fixation ware that resets, includes palm fixed plate, forearm fixed plate, connecting plate, horizontal rotation axis and vertical rotation axis in the constitution, the palm fixed plate pastes and fixes at patient's palm back, the forearm fixed plate pastes and fixes on patient's forearm, rotate through horizontal rotation axis between connecting plate and the palm fixed plate and be connected and be equipped with locking device, rotate through vertical rotation axis between connecting plate and the forearm fixed plate and be connected and be equipped with positioner.

Above-mentioned external fixation ware that resets of fracture, all be equipped with a plurality of nursing holes that link up on palm fixed plate and the forearm fixed plate, nursing hole evenly distributed on palm fixed plate and forearm fixed plate.

The fracture reduction external fixator is characterized in that flexible pads are arranged between the palm fixing plate and the palm of the patient and between the forearm fixing plate and the arm of the patient.

According to the external fracture reduction fixator, the forearm fixing plate is provided with the reduction bolt, and the reduction bolt is screwed into the threaded hole in the forearm fixing plate and is pressed against the flexible pad on the inner side of the forearm fixing plate.

In the external fracture reduction fixator, a plurality of threaded holes matched with the reduction bolts are formed in the forearm fixing plate.

According to the external fracture reduction fixator, the plurality of elastic lug plates extend from two sides of the palm fixing plate and the forearm fixing plate, and the thicknesses of parts, which are farther away from the central line of the forearm fixing plate, on the lug plates are smaller.

According to the external fracture reduction fixator, the palm fixing plate and the forearm fixing plate are fixed on the palm and the forearm of the patient through the binding bands.

In the external fracture reduction fixator, the positioning device between the connecting plate and the forearm fixing plate and the locking device between the connecting plate and the palm fixing plate are positioning pins or locking bolts.

The external fixator for fracture reduction is characterized in that the bandage is a magic tape.

The palm fixing plate and the forearm fixing plate are connected together through the two mutually vertical rotating shafts to form the external fracture reduction fixator, and the fixator can be reused, and the posture and the tightness of the fixator can be adjusted at any time according to the wrist swelling condition of a patient, so that the loss rate of the fracture after reduction can be effectively reduced, the treatment effect can be improved, the pain of the fracture patient caused by multiple times of plaster replacement can be avoided, and the treatment cost can be reduced.

The nursing holes in the palm fixing plate and the forearm fixing plate have air permeability, and can be used for diagnosing skin lesion and nursing skin, so that pressure sores, ulceration or infection of the skin can be prevented, the fracture treatment effect is improved, and accident potential can be eliminated.

The flexible pad and ear plate are used to improve the wrapping and firmness of the fixator, improving patient comfort. The reduction bolt is used for pressing the bone block close to the articular surface of the radius fracture which moves to the back side so as to reduce the bone block to an ideal position.

In addition, the X-ray radiography and reexamination instrument has the advantages of attractive and elegant appearance, strong X-ray radiation perspective, convenience in radiography and reexamination and the like, and can reduce the working intensity of medical personnel.

Drawings

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is an isometric view of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the method of use of the present invention.

The reference numbers in the figures are as follows: 1. palm fixed plate, 2, horizontal rotation axis, 3, connecting plate, 4, positioner, 5, forearm fixed plate, 6, nursing hole, 7, reset bolt, 8, vertical rotation axis, 9, locking device, 10, otic placode, 11, arm, 12, bandage.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the present invention mainly includes a palm fixing plate 1, a horizontal rotation shaft 2, a connecting plate 3, a positioning device 4, a forearm fixing plate 5, a reset bolt 7, a vertical rotation shaft 8, a locking device 9 and a binding band 12.

The vertical rotating shaft 8 is fixed on the small arm fixing plate 5, and the connecting plate 3 can freely rotate around the vertical rotating shaft 8 and can be fixed with the small arm fixing plate 5 through the positioning device 4. The positioning device 4 can be a positioning pin or a locking bolt. The positioning device 4 in fig. 3 is a positioning pin, a pin hole matched with the positioning pin is arranged on the forearm fixing plate 5, a plurality of positioning holes matched with the positioning pin are arranged on the connecting plate 3, the positioning pin passes through one positioning hole on the connecting plate 3 and then is inserted into the pin hole on the forearm fixing plate 5, so that the positioning of the connecting plate 3 is realized, and the rotation angle of the connecting plate 3 relative to the forearm fixing plate 5 can be adjusted by replacing the positioning hole.

The horizontal rotating shaft 2 is fixed on the connecting plate 3, and the palm fixing plate 1 can freely rotate around the horizontal rotating shaft 2 and can be fixed with the connecting plate 3 through a locking device 9. The locking device 9 can be a positioning pin or a locking bolt. The locking device 9 in fig. 3 is a square locking bolt which is screwed into a threaded hole on the palm fixing plate 1 and abuts against the horizontal rotating shaft 2 to realize the positioning of the palm fixing plate 1.

Above-mentioned structure makes palm fixed plate 1 both can carry out the regulation of horizontal rotation angle for forearm fixed plate 5, also can carry out the regulation of angle of pitch, can satisfy the fixed requirement of patient's arm.

The application method of the invention is described by taking the Colles fracture at the far end of the radius as an example, the Colles fracture at the far end of the radius is generally angled towards the dorsal side and the radial side, and the fracture block needs to be reset towards the palmar side and the ulnar side in the process of manual resetting, so that the wrist joint is required to be fixed at the palmar side and the ulnar side by rotating the wrist joint towards the palmar side and the ulnar side. Referring to fig. 4, when fixing the arm of a patient with distal radius Colles fracture, the palm fixing plate 1 is fixed with the palm of the patient through a binding band, the forearm fixing plate 5 is fixed with the forearm of the patient through a binding band, the angle of the ulnar deviation and the angle of the palm bending direction are quickly and accurately adjusted through the horizontal rotating shaft 2 and the vertical rotating shaft 8, and after the reset position is fixed, the angle of the device is locked through a positioning pin or a locking bolt, so that the arm is firmly fixed. For the adjacent articular surface bone block of the radius fracture which moves to the back, the fracture block can be reset to the ideal position by rotating the reset bolt 7.

The palm fixing plate 1, the horizontal rotating shaft 2, the connecting plate 3, the forearm fixing plate 5, the reset bolt 7, the vertical rotating shaft 8 and other parts are all made of light breathable materials, the appearance is attractive and elegant, X-ray irradiation perspective is strong, and rechecking and tightness adjustment of the device are facilitated. The plaster can be repeatedly used, so that the complicated procedure of repeatedly replacing plaster is avoided, and the economic burden of a patient and the working strength of a doctor are reduced.

Palm fixed plate 1 and forearm fixed plate 5 adopt bionical curve processing, can well laminate with palm and forearm, both can reliably fix on the arm, can guarantee patient's travelling comfort again.

The binding band 12 can be made of a magic tape, and is very convenient to bind and adjust.

The invention is not only suitable for all distal radius fractures, including Colles, Smith, Barton and comminuted fractures, but also fractures of the elbow joint, shoulder joint, knee joint and ankle joint.

The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any other joint fixing device designed by applying the principle of the present invention is within the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a fracture external fixation ware that resets, characterized by includes palm fixed plate (1), forearm fixed plate (5), connecting plate (3), horizontal rotation axis (2) and vertical rotation axis (8) in the constitution, palm fixed plate (1) pastes and fixes at patient's palm back, forearm fixed plate (5) paste and fix on patient's forearm, rotate through horizontal rotation axis (2) between connecting plate (3) and palm fixed plate (1) and be connected and be equipped with locking device (9), rotate through vertical rotation axis (8) between connecting plate (3) and forearm fixed plate (5) and be connected and be equipped with positioner (4).

2. The external fixator for fracture reduction according to claim 1 wherein the palm fixing plate (1) and the forearm fixing plate (5) are provided with a plurality of nursing holes (6) therethrough, and the nursing holes (6) are uniformly distributed on the palm fixing plate (1) and the forearm fixing plate (5).

3. The external fixator for fracture reduction according to claim 1 or 2 wherein flexible pads are provided between the palm fixing plate (1) and the palm of the patient and between the forearm fixing plate (5) and the arm of the patient.

4. A fracture reduction external fixator according to claim 3, wherein said forearm fixing plate (5) is provided with a reduction bolt (7), said reduction bolt (7) is screwed into a threaded hole on the forearm fixing plate (5) and pressed against a flexible pad on the inner side of the forearm fixing plate (5).

5. A fracture reduction external fixator according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of threaded holes matched with the reduction bolts (7) are arranged on the small arm fixing plate (5).

6. The external fixator for fracture reduction according to claim 5 wherein a plurality of elastic ear plates (10) extend from both sides of the palm fixing plate (1) and the forearm fixing plate (5), and the thickness of the ear plate (10) is smaller at the position farther away from the center line of the forearm fixing plate (5).

7. A fracture reduction external fixator according to claim 6, wherein the palm fixing plate (1) and the forearm fixing plate (5) are fixed on the palm and the forearm of the patient by a binding band (12).

8. The external fixator for fracture reduction according to claim 7 wherein the positioning device (4) between the connecting plate (3) and the forearm fixing plate (5) and the locking device (9) between the connecting plate (3) and the palm fixing plate (1) are positioning pins or locking bolts.

9. The external fixator for fracture reduction according to claim 8 wherein said bandage (12) is a magic tape.