CN111916829B - Lithium ion battery electrolyte and lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Lithium ion battery electrolyte and lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111916829B CN111916829B CN202010821078.5A CN202010821078A CN111916829B CN 111916829 B CN111916829 B CN 111916829B CN 202010821078 A CN202010821078 A CN 202010821078A CN 111916829 B CN111916829 B CN 111916829B
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- electrolyte
- additive
- lithium ion
- ion battery
- lithium
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
- H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
- H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
- H01M2300/0025—Organic electrolyte
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
The invention discloses a lithium ion secondary battery electrolyte, which comprises lithium salt and lithium saltThe organic solvent, an additive A and an additive B, wherein the molecular formula of the additive A is as follows:
the molecular formula of the additive B is as follows:
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, in particular to an electrolyte of a lithium ion battery.
Background
The lithium ion battery is a bright point in the research of new energy power technology due to the advantages of high specific energy, long cycle life, no memory effect, safety, reliability, rapid charge and discharge and the like, is widely applied to portable electronic products at present, and gradually occupies the new energy automobile power market. However, the lithium ion battery with such excellent performance is very sensitive to temperature, the electrical performance of the lithium ion battery is reduced at low temperature, even the lithium ion battery cannot be used, and lithium dendrite is generated even when the lithium ion battery is charged at low temperature. In order to improve the low-temperature performance of the lithium ion battery, a plurality of measures are provided by vast researchers, for example, the amorphous electrolyte technology provided by Marta Kasprzyk et al of the university of Huasha texture expands the use temperature of the electrolyte to-60 ℃, the ethyl acetate-based electrolyte provided by professor Yao in summer of Shanghai university further reduces the use temperature of the battery made of special materials to-75 ℃, the key point of improvement of the low-temperature performance of the lithium ion battery is the improvement of the low-temperature performance of the electrolyte, the viscosity of the conventional commercial lithium ion battery electrolyte can be rapidly increased at low temperature, the conductivity is rapidly reduced, a common commercial lithium ion battery electrolyte LB303 is taken as an example, the ionic conductivity is about 10mS/cm at normal temperature, but the conductivity is rapidly reduced to 0.02mS/cm at-40 ℃, and the low-temperature discharge performance of the lithium ion battery is seriously influenced, therefore, the key for improving the low-temperature performance of the lithium ion battery is to improve the low-temperature performance of the electrolyte.
The invention aims to provide an electrolyte of a lithium ion secondary battery and application thereof so as to improve low-temperature cycle and storage performance of the lithium ion battery.
Disclosure of Invention
An electrolyte for a lithium ion secondary battery, comprising: organic solvent, lithium salt and additive A, additive B; wherein the molecular formula of the additive A is as follows:
the molecular formula of the additive B is as follows:
wherein the mass of the additive A is 0.01-5 wt% of the total mass of the electrolyte; the mass of the additive B is 0.5-5 wt% of the total mass of the electrolyte;
the lithium salt is lithium hexafluorophosphate, and the mass percentage of the lithium hexafluorophosphate in the lithium ion battery electrolyte is 10-20%.
The organic solvent is a mixture of at least three of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate and ethyl methyl carbonate.
A lithium ion secondary battery includes a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator, and the electrolyte solution as described above.
The technical effects are as follows:
the additive A in the electrolyte reduces the viscosity of the electrolyte, improves the low-temperature conductivity of the electrolyte and widens the temperature window range of the electrolyte; the lithium ion transfer rate of the electrolyte at low temperature is improved; the additive B is beneficial to forming a compact and stable SEI film on the surface of the negative electrode, so that the interface performance of the electrode-electrolyte is optimized; the two are cooperated to effectively improve the low-temperature cycle performance and the storage performance of the battery.
Detailed Description
Example 1
(1) Preparation of the electrolyte
Preparing electrolyte in a glove box filled with argon, preparing a mixed solution with the mass ratio of ethylene carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate and propylene carbonate being 1:1:1, uniformly stirring, and adding lithium hexafluorophosphate, an additive A and an additive B into the mixed solution, wherein the additive A accounts for 1.5 wt% of the total mass ratio of the electrolyte, the additive B accounts for 1.5 wt% of the total mass ratio of the electrolyte, and the lithium hexafluorophosphate accounts for 13% of the total mass ratio of the electrolyte.
(2) Assembly of lithium ion batteries
LiNi serving as a positive electrode active material0.8Co0.1Mn0.1Dissolving acetylene black serving as a conductive agent and PVDF serving as a binder in a solvent NMP according to the mass ratio of 95:3:2, stirring and mixing to prepare anode slurry, uniformly coating the anode slurry on an aluminum foil serving as an anode current collector, and drying; dissolving a negative active material, namely natural graphite, a conductive agent, namely acetylene black and a binder in a solvent, namely deionized water according to a mass ratio of 95:4:1, uniformly mixing to prepare negative slurry, uniformly coating the negative slurry on a negative current collector copper foil, and drying. And assembling the prepared positive plate, the prepared negative plate and the PP diaphragm by adopting a winding method, then injecting the prepared electrolyte into the dried battery, standing, pre-charging, forming, aging and grading to finish the preparation of the lithium ion battery.
Example 2
The difference from example 1 is that: the additive A in the electrolyte accounts for 1% of the total mass of the electrolyte of the lithium ion secondary battery, and the additive B in the electrolyte accounts for 2% of the total mass of the electrolyte of the lithium ion secondary battery.
Example 3
The difference from example 1 is that: the additive A in the electrolyte accounts for 2% of the total mass of the electrolyte of the lithium ion secondary battery, and the additive B in the electrolyte accounts for 4% of the total mass of the electrolyte of the lithium ion secondary battery.
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 1 is that: the electrolyte was not added with additive a.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 1 is that: no additive B was added to the electrolyte.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 1 is that: no additive A, B was added to the electrolyte.
The lithium ion batteries of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were tested at normal and low temperatures, and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (5)
1. An electrolyte for a lithium ion secondary battery, comprising: organic solvent, lithium salt and additive A, additive B; wherein the molecular formula of the additive A is as follows:
the molecular formula of the additive B is as follows:
2. the electrolyte for a lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the additive A is present in an amount of 0.01 to 5 wt% based on the total mass of the electrolyte; the mass of the additive B is 0.5-5 wt% of the total mass of the electrolyte.
3. The electrolyte of a lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the lithium salt is lithium hexafluorophosphate, and the lithium hexafluorophosphate is contained in the electrolyte of the lithium ion secondary battery in an amount of 10 to 20% by mass.
4. The electrolyte for a lithium ion secondary battery according to claim 1, wherein the organic solvent is a mixture of at least three of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, diethyl carbonate, and ethyl methyl carbonate.
5. A lithium ion secondary battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, a separator and the electrolyte according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010821078.5A CN111916829B (en) | 2020-08-14 | 2020-08-14 | Lithium ion battery electrolyte and lithium ion battery |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010821078.5A CN111916829B (en) | 2020-08-14 | 2020-08-14 | Lithium ion battery electrolyte and lithium ion battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN111916829A CN111916829A (en) | 2020-11-10 |
| CN111916829B true CN111916829B (en) | 2022-02-15 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202010821078.5A Active CN111916829B (en) | 2020-08-14 | 2020-08-14 | Lithium ion battery electrolyte and lithium ion battery |
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Family Cites Families (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7666330B2 (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2010-02-23 | Lg Chem, Ltd. | Additive for non-aqueous electrolyte and secondary battery using the same |
| JP2012221898A (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2012-11-12 | Sony Corp | Nonaqueous electrolyte battery and nonaqueous electrolyte, and battery pack, electronic device, electric vehicle, power storage device, and electric power system |
| JP5935318B2 (en) * | 2011-12-26 | 2016-06-15 | ソニー株式会社 | Electrolyte for lithium ion secondary battery, lithium ion secondary battery, battery pack, electric vehicle, power storage system, electric tool and electronic device |
| CN105336987A (en) * | 2015-11-17 | 2016-02-17 | 深圳新宙邦科技股份有限公司 | Non-aqueous electrolyte of lithium ion battery and lithium ion battery |
| CN106935801A (en) * | 2015-12-31 | 2017-07-07 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | A kind of non-aqueous electrolyte for lithium ion cell, lithium ion battery negative and the lithium ion battery comprising the negative pole |
| CN108232296B (en) * | 2016-12-14 | 2020-01-17 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Electrolyte solution and lithium secondary battery |
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Effective date of registration: 20220127 Address after: 518000 section a, 3rd floor, building 9, Houhai Industrial Park, liyuhe Industrial Zone, Loucun community, Gongming office, Guangming New District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province Applicant after: SHENZHEN RICHROC ELECTRONIC Co.,Ltd. Address before: No.6 Xiaolai Road, Hetoudian Town, Qingdao City, Shandong Province 266000 Applicant before: Laixi Xingmai advanced material technology center |