CN111912828A - 一种快速检测玉米中类胡萝卜素含量的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于化学检测技术领域,特别涉及一种快速检测玉米中类胡萝卜素含量的方法。利用拉曼光谱对玉米样品进行检测,记录1003cm‑1、1156cm‑1和1525cm‑1处特征峰的强度并分别计为X1、X2、X3,然后计算得到玉米中类胡萝卜素的含量。本发明不需要对样品进行前处理,大大缩减了检测时间,简化了操作步骤,减少外界环境对检测结果的影响,实现快速、简便、精准检测玉米类胡萝卜素含量;测定结果与分光光度计的检测结果无明显差异;同时本发明采用显微拉曼光谱仪采集拉曼图谱,避免了传统检测方法使用化学试剂的缺点,环保无污染。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于化学检测技术领域,特别涉及一种快速检测玉米中类胡萝卜素含量的方法。
背景技术
类胡萝卜素(Carotenoids)包括胡萝卜素(Carotene)和叶黄素类(Xanthophylls),是一种植物化学物质和脂溶性微成分,广泛存在于植物、藻类、细菌、真菌中,是高等植物、藻类和蓝细菌光合膜的组成成分。类胡萝卜素作为脂溶性色素,在一定程度上决定着生物的着色,定位于称为色细胞的细胞器中。类胡萝卜素具有多种生物活性,在动植物界均具有重要的生理功能,如抗氧化、增强免疫、抗癌作用等,叶黄素、玉米黄质还具备独特的护眼、护肤和预防紫外线的功能。
类胡萝卜素是一类主要由8个类异戊二烯单位组成的C40类萜化合物及其衍生物。所有的类胡萝卜素均含有聚异戊二烯结构,且大多存在两侧对称的多个双键结构,因此具有较强的还原力以及电子转移能力。但是它在光照、加热和强酸条件下是不稳定的,极易发生氧化反应生成类胡萝卜素裂解产物。目前,常用的类胡萝卜素检测方法主要包括可见分光光度计和高效液相色谱法。其中,可见分光光度计法需要制备样品,高效液相色谱法需要较长的样品制备过程,对操作者的操作要求很高,而且检测步骤繁琐,都无法实现在线检测,这就导致样品中类胡萝卜素含量的损失。因此发开研究一种简单快速且准确的类胡萝卜素含量的检测方法是非常有必要的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有分光光度计法或者高效液相色谱法检测玉米中类胡萝卜素时存在的或样品制备复杂或检测过程复杂或因样品无法在线检测从而容易造成成分损失而检测结果不准确的缺陷,提供一种快速检测玉米中类胡萝卜素含量的方法。
为解决上述技术问题,本发明采用的技术方案如下:
一种快速检测玉米中类胡萝卜素含量的方法,利用拉曼光谱对玉米样品进行检测,记录1003cm-1、1156cm-1和1525cm-1处特征峰的强度并分别计为X1、X2、X3,然后计算得到玉米中类胡萝卜素的含量。
经过研究发现,不同的玉米干燥方式对于其中类胡萝卜素的影响是不同的,所以对于特征峰强度的影响也是不同的。
如果样品未干燥或在检测之前采用了热风干燥,需要根据下式得出类胡萝卜素的含量:Y=0.6572-2.6071X1-4.0127X2+9.7461X3。
如果样品未干燥或在检测之前采用了微波干燥,根据下式得出类胡萝卜素的含量:Y=4.9208-17.3599X1+1.9762X2+3.2144X3。
拉曼光谱测定的激光波长为785nm。
本发明中对于玉米类胡萝卜素进行拉曼光谱检测时,重点选取了以下三个特征峰,分别是1003cm-1、1156cm-1和1525cm-1,特征峰1003cm-1与CH3平面内摇摆振动相关,1156cm-1与多烯中C-C的伸缩振动有关,1525cm-1与多烯中C=C的伸缩振动有关。其中,经过干燥的玉米中类胡萝卜素的含量变化与1525cm-1处的拉曼强度相关性较大。本发明以选定的三个特征峰的拉曼强度测量值为关注变量,提供了相应的不同玉米样品中的类胡萝卜素含量的计算模型,不需要对玉米样品进行前处理,直接进行拉曼光谱测定即可,然后便可以快速得出样品中类胡萝卜素的含量,实现了玉米类胡萝卜素的快速简便的检测,也大大缩减了检测时间。
本发明与现有技术相比,具有如下优点:
本发明不需要对样品进行前处理,大大缩减了检测时间,简化了操作步骤,减少外界环境对检测结果的影响,实现快速、简便、精准检测玉米类胡萝卜素含量;测定结果与分光光度计的检测结果无明显差异;同时本发明采用显微拉曼光谱仪采集拉曼图谱,避免了传统检测方法使用化学试剂的缺点,环保无污染。
附图说明
图1为激光波长为785nm的热风干燥的8个玉米样品的拉曼特征峰(1003(A)、1156(B)和1525cm-1(C))图谱;
图2为激光波长为785nm的微波干燥的4个玉米样品的拉曼特征峰(1003(A)、1156(B)和1525cm-1(C))图谱。
具体实施方式
以下以具体实施例来说明本发明的技术方案,但本发明的保护范围不限于此:
以下实施例中皆选取玉米为检测样本。
筛选玉米粒,玉米进行干燥处理,a.80℃条件下热风干燥0、15、45、75、125、175、245、385min(恒重);b.700W微波干燥0、5、10、13min,收集样品于-18℃下保存备用。同样的干燥处理分别对应两个样品,干燥后,其中一个采用显微拉曼光谱仪采集拉曼图谱并采用本发明方法获得类胡萝卜素的检测结果,另外一个采用分光光度计法测定其中的类胡萝卜素含量。
拉曼条件:拉曼光谱仪采用美国的DXR2显微拉曼仪,激光波长为785nm,激光能量为22mW。光阑为50μm缝隙,光栅为400凹槽/mm,采集200至2500cm-1之间的光谱数据,积分时间为16s。为了确保数据的可靠性,以金红石相的TiO2作为内标。
采用分光光度计法测定上述玉米样品中的类胡萝卜素含量:称取1g玉米样品和3g硅藻土于研钵中,然后加入50mL丙酮研磨混合物,并通过400目尼龙布过滤混合物。重复以上操作直至过滤的丙酮无色。将过滤后的丙酮转移至250mL的分液漏斗中,然后加入5mL的石油醚,剧烈摇动。沿漏斗壁缓慢加入蒸馏水(100mL),以避免形成乳液。静置,上层是从石油醚中提取的类胡萝卜素并收集,下层是水和丙酮的混合物并丢弃。用无水硫酸钠从石油醚中除去水。将通过上述步骤获得的玉米提取物通过可见光分光光度计法在450nm下分析,类胡萝卜素总含量的计算公式如下:
下表1和表2列出了不同处理后样品特征峰的强度以及采用本发明方法获得的类胡萝卜素的含量和相同样品采用分光光度计法测定的类胡萝卜素含量。
表1热风干燥不同时间玉米的特征峰强度和类胡萝卜素含量
表2微波干燥不同时间玉米的特征峰强度和类胡萝卜素含量
可见,本发明方法获得的类胡萝卜含量的结果与传统的分光光度计测定的结果基本一致,说明本发明方法简单易操作,同时准确性高。
Claims (4)
1.一种快速检测玉米中类胡萝卜素含量的方法,其特征在于,利用拉曼光谱对玉米样品进行检测,记录1003cm-1、1156cm-1和1525cm-1处特征峰的强度并分别计为X1、X2、X3,然后计算得到玉米中类胡萝卜素的含量。
2.如权利要求1所述的快速检测玉米中类胡萝卜素含量的方法,其特征在于,如果样品未干燥或在检测之前采用了热风干燥,根据下式得出类胡萝卜素的含量:Y=0.6572-2.6071X1-4.0127X2+9.7461X3。
3.如权利要求1所述的快速检测玉米中类胡萝卜素含量的方法,其特征在于,如果样品未干燥或在检测之前采用了微波干燥,根据下式得出类胡萝卜素的含量:Y=4.9208-17.3599X1+1.9762X2+3.2144X3。
4.如权利要求1-3任一所述的快速检测玉米中类胡萝卜素含量的方法,其特征在于,拉曼光谱测定的激光波长为785nm。
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