CN111911125A - Energy-gathering fracturing tool - Google Patents
Energy-gathering fracturing tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN111911125A CN111911125A CN202010869715.6A CN202010869715A CN111911125A CN 111911125 A CN111911125 A CN 111911125A CN 202010869715 A CN202010869715 A CN 202010869715A CN 111911125 A CN111911125 A CN 111911125A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
Abstract
The present specification provides a cumulative fracturing tool comprising: the device comprises a shell with a cavity, wherein the shell is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end, and a groove is formed in the inner wall of the shell; a sealing member disposed proximate the inlet end and a first resilient member disposed proximate the outlet end; the sealing element is provided with a pin matched with the groove and a second elastic element for providing thrust for the pin; the pressure of the fracturing medium enables the pin to be sheared, when the sealing element moves relative to the shell and compresses the first elastic element, the cavity is in a through state, and the fracturing medium flows out from the outlet end; when the first elastic piece and the second elastic piece are matched to push the pin into the groove, the cavity is in a blocking state. The energy-gathering fracturing tool provided by the specification can perform multiple energy-gathering fracturing operations, simplify the overall process and reduce the fracturing operation time.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas engineering, in particular to an energy-gathering fracturing tool.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art.
The low-permeability oil and gas reserves and shale oil and gas resources in China are rich, but the low-permeability characteristic of the reservoir brings great difficulty to the development of the oil reservoir, and the permeability of the reservoir is usually improved by adopting a fracturing technology at present. The fracturing technology is that fracturing fluid is injected into stratum during oil or gas production to artificially crack the stratum, so as to improve the flow condition at the bottom of an oil well and increase the yield of the oil well. Certain development effects can be achieved by adopting conventional hydraulic fracturing, but the defects still exist.
In the prior art, energy-gathering fracturing methods have been proposed by injecting supercritical CO into a fracturing string2The fluid achieves better yield-increasing effect than the conventional fracturing method. When the method is adopted, ball throwing is needed to be carried out to the inside of the fracturing pipe column to form sealing during each fracturing, and then CO is pumped in2The overall fracturing process is relatively cumbersome.
It should be noted that the above background description is only for the sake of clarity and complete description of the technical solutions of the present invention and for the understanding of those skilled in the art. Such solutions are not considered to be known to the person skilled in the art merely because they have been set forth in the background section of the invention.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the application provides an energy-gathering fracturing tool, which can perform multiple times of energy-gathering fracturing operation, simplify the whole flow, reduce the fracturing operation time and achieve the purposes of cost reduction and efficiency improvement.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the provided technical scheme is as follows:
a focused fracturing tool, comprising:
the device comprises a shell with a cavity, wherein the shell is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end, and a groove is formed in the inner wall of the shell;
a sealing member disposed proximate the inlet end and a first resilient member disposed proximate the outlet end; the sealing element is provided with a pin matched with the groove and a second elastic element for providing thrust for the pin;
the pressure of the fracturing medium enables the pin to be sheared, when the sealing element moves relative to the shell and compresses the first elastic element, the cavity is in a through state, and the fracturing medium flows out from the outlet end; when the first elastic piece and the second elastic piece are matched to push the pin into the groove, the cavity is in a blocking state.
As a preferred embodiment, the focused fracturing tool further comprises a valve plate assembly disposed between the inlet end and the seal, the valve plate assembly comprising:
the first valve plate is rotationally connected with the inner wall of the shell;
the second valve plate is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the shell;
a first valve plate spring connected between the first valve plate and the inner wall of the housing;
a second valve plate spring connected between the second valve plate and the inner wall of the housing;
the first valve plate spring and the second valve plate spring can push the first valve plate and the second valve plate, so that the first valve plate is butted with the second valve plate to form a closed end.
As a preferred embodiment, the sealing element is a valve core for abutting against the valve plate, a flow channel is formed between the valve core and the housing, the valve core has a through hole for arranging the second elastic element and the pin, and when the cavity is in a blocking state, the through hole is opposite to the groove.
In a preferred embodiment, the cross section of the cavity is square, the first valve plate and the second valve plate are symmetrically arranged relative to the axis of the cavity, and the first valve plate and the second valve plate form a V-shaped structure after being butted.
In a preferred embodiment, the first valve plate spring and the second valve plate spring have the same elastic modulus, but are both smaller than the elastic modulus of the first elastic member.
In a preferred embodiment, a protrusion protruding toward the cavity is provided on the inner wall of the housing, and the groove is provided on the protrusion.
In a preferred embodiment, the protruding portion is symmetrically arranged with respect to the axis of the cavity, and an inclined surface is arranged between the inner wall of the housing and the protruding portion.
As a preferred embodiment, a fixed base is further disposed in the housing, one end of the first elastic element is fixed to the fixed base, the other end of the first elastic element is fixed to the valve core, and a discharge port communicated with the flow passage is disposed on the fixed base.
In a preferred embodiment, the length of the pin is greater than the depth of the groove, and the length of the pin is 5-6 times of the depth of the groove.
Has the advantages that:
embodiments of the present description provide a focused fracturing tool comprising a housing, a seal, and a first resilient member. The sealing element and the shell are fixed through a structure that the pin is matched with the groove. When the pin is sheared by the strength of the fracturing fluid with energy gathered above the sealing element and can be pulled out from the groove, the sealing element can move relative to the shell and compress the first elastic element, the cavity is in a through state, and the fracturing medium can flow out from the outlet end. When the strength of the fracturing fluid is reduced, the first elastic piece releases accumulated elastic potential energy to push the sealing piece to reset, and the pin is pushed into the groove by matching with the second elastic piece, so that the cavity is in a blocking state.
Therefore, the energy concentrating fracturing tool provided by the embodiment of the specification can perform multiple energy concentrating fracturing operations by positioning the sealing element to block the cavity through the cooperation of the first elastic element and the second elastic element. Compared with the fracturing mode of multiple ball throwing in the prior art, the whole process is simplified, and the fracturing operation time can be reduced, so that the aims of cost reduction and efficiency improvement are fulfilled.
Specific embodiments of the present application are disclosed in detail with reference to the following description and drawings, indicating the manner in which the principles of the application may be employed. It should be understood that the embodiments of the present application are not so limited in scope.
Features that are described and/or illustrated with respect to one embodiment may be used in the same way or in a similar way in one or more other embodiments, in combination with or instead of the features of the other embodiments.
It should be emphasized that the term "comprises/comprising" when used herein, is taken to specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps or components but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps or components.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cumulative fracturing tool provided in an embodiment of the present description;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a valve plate provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a valve cartridge provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a mounting base provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the energy concentrating fracturing tool with a cavity in a through state provided in an embodiment of the present description;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a configuration of the energy concentrating fracturing tool in a plugged state of a cavity provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Description of reference numerals:
10. a cavity; 1. first/second valve plates; 11. a first/second valve plate spring; 2. a seal member; 21. a second elastic member; 22. a pin; 23. a groove; 24. a flow channel; 3. a first elastic member; 31. a fixed base; 32. a discharge port; 4. a housing; 41. a raised portion.
Detailed Description
While the invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments, it is to be understood that these embodiments are merely illustrative of and not restrictive on the broad invention, and that various equivalent modifications can be effected therein by those skilled in the art upon reading the disclosure.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.
The energy focusing fracturing tool of the embodiments of the present description will be explained and illustrated below with reference to fig. 1 to 6. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, like reference numerals denote like parts in the embodiments of the present invention. And for the sake of brevity, detailed descriptions of the same components are omitted in different embodiments, and the descriptions of the same components may be mutually referred to and cited.
Specifically, the upward direction illustrated in fig. 1 to 6 is defined as "up", and the downward direction illustrated in fig. 1 to 6 is defined as "down". It should be noted that the definitions of the directions in the present specification are only for convenience of describing the technical solution of the present invention, and do not limit the directions of the cumulative fracturing tools of the embodiments of the present specification in other scenarios, including but not limited to use, testing, transportation, and manufacturing, which may cause the orientation of the apparatus to be reversed or the position of the apparatus to be changed.
CO2Is a common gas, and becomes supercritical CO when heated and pressurized to above the critical point2Fluid, supercritical CO2A fluid is different from a gas and a liquid, and has characteristics of low viscosity and high diffusibility close to that of a gas, high density close to that of a liquid, and zero surface tension.
Supercritical CO2Energy-gathering fracturing capable of utilizing supercritical CO2The special properties, combined with the energy-gathering effect, can produce obvious technical advantages in the fracturing process: (1) CO22The source is wide and easy to obtain, and the material is not flammable or explosive and is easy to control and transport; (2) supercritical CO2The viscosity of the lubricating oil is low and close to gas, the surface tension is low and close to zero, the friction coefficient is low, and the lubricating oil is easy to flow; (3) supercritical CO2The fluid can not cause clay expansion in the reservoir, thereby fundamentally avoiding the occurrence of hazards such as water lock effect, rock wettability reversal and the like and effectively protecting the reservoir from being damaged; (4) by supercritical CO2The fracturing fluid is quick and thorough in flowback, is a clean fracturing fluid with low damage, and can shorten the production period; (5) supercritical CO compared with conventional fracturing fluid2The fracturing fluid has strong diffusion capacity and permeability, can easily permeate into pores and microcracks in a reservoir, and is beneficial to generating a large amount of microcrack networks.
The energy-gathering fracturing tool provided by the embodiment of the application can be used for high-pressure supercritical CO2The instant release acts on the reservoir, so that more complex fracture networks are formed in the reservoir. High pressure transient fracturing reduces supercritical CO2The fluid loss and the operation success rate are higher, and the method is also suitable for the fracturing transformation of reservoirs with high permeability and serious leakage. After fracturing is complete, CO2Easy flowing back and little damage to the reservoir.
The energy-gathering fracturing tool provided by the embodiment of the application can be connected with a fracturing string, and high-pressure liquid CO is injected into the fracturing string2Continuous pumping by high-pressure pump sets on the groundAnd (6) adding. The high pressure liquid CO2The specific pressure of (a) is determined based on the downhole pressure, and is typically higher than the formation fracture pressure of the corresponding reservoir. Formation fracture pressure refers to the pressure in the wellbore that will fracture the formation when the formation pressure reaches a certain value, and is referred to as formation fracture pressure. Before and after drilling, geological parameters are generally tested, such as seismic testing, well logging and other methods, and the formation fracture pressure is obtained through testing in the process.
As shown in fig. 1-6, the present specification provides a focused fracturing tool comprising: a housing 4 having a cavity 10, the housing 4 having an inlet end and an outlet end, the housing 4 having a groove 23 formed in an inner wall thereof; a sealing member 2 arranged adjacent to the inlet end and a first resilient member 3 arranged adjacent to the outlet end; the sealing element 2 is provided with a pin 22 which is matched with the groove 23 and a second elastic element 21 which provides pushing force for the pin 22; the pressure of the fracturing medium causes the pin 22 to be sheared, when the sealing element 2 moves relative to the housing 4 and compresses the first elastic element 3, the cavity 10 is in a through state, and the fracturing medium flows out from the outlet end; when the first elastic element 3 and the second elastic element 21 cooperate to push the pin 22 into the groove 23, the cavity 10 is in a blocked state.
Embodiments of the present description provide a shaped charge fracturing tool comprising a housing 4, a seal 2, and a first elastomeric member 3. The seal 2 and the housing 4 are fixed by the structure that the pin 22 is matched with the groove 23. When the pin 22 is sheared by the strength of the energy-gathered fracturing fluid, the pin 22 can be pulled out from the groove 23, so that the sealing element 2 moves relative to the shell 4 and compresses the first elastic element 3, the cavity 10 is in a through state, and the fracturing medium can flow out from the outlet end. When the strength of the fracturing fluid is reduced, the first elastic part 3 releases the accumulated elastic potential energy to push the sealing element 2 to reset, and the pin 22 is pushed into the groove 23 by matching with the second elastic part 21, so that the cavity 10 is in a blocking state.
Therefore, the energy-gathering fracturing tool provided by the embodiment of the specification can perform multiple energy-gathering fracturing operations by positioning the sealing element 2 to close the cavity 10 through the cooperation of the first elastic element 3 and the second elastic element 21. Compared with the fracturing mode of multiple ball throwing in the prior art, the whole process is simplified, and the fracturing operation time can be reduced, so that the aims of cost reduction and efficiency improvement are fulfilled.
As shown in fig. 1, the focused fracturing tool has a housing 4, the interior of the housing 4 being a cavity 10, the housing 4 having an inlet end and an outlet end. The housing 4 has opposite upper and lower ends in its lengthwise extension. The opposite upper end and lower end generally refer to an upper end and a lower end in the gravity direction, but the orientation of the energy-gathering fracturing tool in other transformation scenarios is not limited, for example, in a horizontal fracturing operation, the energy-gathering fracturing tool can be horizontally placed, and the description is given by taking the fracturing operation in a vertical well as an application scenario, that is, the inlet end of the housing 4 is the upper end of the housing 4, and the outlet end of the housing 4 is the lower end of the housing 4.
Sealing member 2 and first elastic component 3 all set up in casing 4, and sealing member 2 is close to the entry end and sets up, and first elastic component 3 is close to the exit end setting, and first elastic component 3 is located the below of sealing member 2. The seal 2, in cooperation with the structure of the housing 4, is capable of blocking the cavity 10. When the seal 2 is connected to the groove 23 of the housing 4 by means of the pin 22, the seal 2 is able to block the cavity 10. When the pin 22 is sheared and separated from the groove 23, so that the connection between the sealing element 2 and the shell 4 is lost, the sealing element 2 can move downwards to enable the cavity 10 to be in a through state, and fracturing medium can flow out from the outlet end. The first elastic member 3 may be a spring, and when the sealing member 2 moves down, the first elastic member 3 is compressed and accumulates elastic potential energy. When the first elastic element 3 releases the accumulated elastic potential energy, the sealing element 2 can be driven to move upwards until the pin 22 is pushed into the groove 23 by the second elastic element 21, and the cavity 10 is blocked again.
In this specification, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the energy concentrating fracturing tool further comprises a valve plate assembly disposed between the inlet end and the seal 2, the valve plate assembly comprising: the first valve plate 1 is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the shell 4; the second valve plate 1 is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the shell 4; a first valve plate spring 11 connected between the first valve plate 1 and the inner wall of the housing 4; a second valve plate spring 11 connected between the second valve plate 1 and the inner wall of the housing 4; the first valve plate spring 11 and the second valve plate spring 11 can push the first valve plate 1 and the second valve plate 1, so that the first valve plate 1 is butted with the second valve plate 1 to form a closed end.
Further, the sealing element 2 is specifically a valve core for abutting against the valve plate, a flow channel 24 is formed between the valve core and the housing 4, the valve core is provided with a through hole for arranging the second elastic element 21 and the pin 22, and when the cavity 10 is in a blocking state, the through hole is opposite to the groove 23.
Specifically, one end of each of the first valve plate spring 11 and the second valve plate spring 11 may be welded to the housing 4, and the other end of each of the first valve plate spring 11 and the second valve plate spring 11 may be welded to the corresponding valve plate. In the initial state, i.e. before the first fracturing, the first valve plate spring 11 and the second valve plate spring 11 are always in a compressed state, so that the first valve plate 1 and the second valve plate 1 can be pushed to be butted and form a closed end. The cavity 10 above the first valve plate 1 and the second valve plate 1 and the fracturing string connected with the cavity 10 are used for injecting supercritical CO2For energy gathering.
In a specific embodiment, the void isThe cross section of chamber 10 is square, first valve plate 1 with second valve plate 1 for the axis symmetry setting of cavity 10, first valve plate 1 with form V type structure after second valve plate 1 docks to be favorable to opening fast of first valve plate 1 and second valve plate 1, supply supercritical CO2And (4) entering. When supercritical CO2After entering, the impact force after energy gathering can reach a flow channel 24 formed by the valve core below the valve plate and the inner wall of the shell 4, and the impact force can form instantaneous impact damage to act on a reservoir.
Correspondingly, the structure of the valve core is matched with the V-shaped structure. The upper surface of the valve core may be provided with V-shaped grooves to cooperate with the V-shaped structures against the first valve plate 1 and the second valve plate 1 to control the energy accumulation in the upper cavity 10.
In the present embodiment, the elastic coefficients of the first valve plate spring 11 and the second valve plate spring 11 are the same, but are both smaller than the elastic coefficient of the first elastic member 3. The elastic coefficient of the valve plate spring is smaller than that of the first elastic part 3, so that the deformation speed of the valve plate spring is higher than that of the first elastic part 3 under the same fluid acting force, the closing speed of the first valve plate 1 and the second valve plate 1 is higher than the rising speed of the valve core, and the valve core is closed before reaching the valve plate assembly and acts on the valve core. Likewise, the elastic coefficient of the valve plate spring is smaller than that of the first elastic part 3, so that the valve core below can better support the valve plate, and the first valve plate 1 and the second valve plate 1 which do not reach the design of fracturing fluid in the energy gathering process are prevented from being opened.
In this embodiment, supercritical CO is introduced above the valve plate assembly2While with supercritical CO2By continuous pumping of supercritical CO2The pressure of the valve plate assembly is transmitted to the valve core, and the valve plate assembly and the valve core are both pressed. Liquid CO above the valve plate assembly2When the energy is gathered to a certain degree, the pin 22 is sheared and is separated from the groove 23, and the valve core is under the self gravity and the supercritical CO2Moves toward the outlet end and compresses the first elastic member 3, and the first elastic member 3 accumulates elastic potential energy. The valve plate assembly thereby loses support of the valve element and opens and fracturing medium enters the flow passage 24 between the valve element and the housing 4 to focus the high pressure energyAnd the subsequent fracturing medium acts on the reservoir for fracturing.
When one-time energy-gathering fracturing operation is finished, the pressure above the valve plate assembly is gradually reduced, the first elastic piece 3 begins to restore the deformation, and accumulated elastic potential energy is released. The first elastic element 3 can drive the valve core to rise until abutting against the valve plate assembly in the process of restoring the deformation, and the cavity 10 is blocked again. During the lifting of the valve core, the groove 23 is matched with the pin 22 again to lock the position of the valve core for next energy gathering.
As shown in fig. 3, the inside of the valve core may be provided with a through hole in which the second elastic member 21 is disposed. The second elastic member 21 may be a spring, and an end of the second elastic member 21 is fixed to the connection pin 22. In the initial state, i.e. before the first fracturing, the pin 22 snaps into a groove 23 on the inner wall of the housing 4. When the pin 22 is sheared by the pressure difference and is released from the groove 23, the elastic potential energy of the second elastic member 21 is increased. When the valve core is pushed by the first elastic member 3 to rise and move to the groove 23 on the inner wall of the housing 4, the pin 22 can be pushed into the groove 23 by the second elastic member 21, thereby re-locking the valve core.
In this embodiment, the second elastic member 21 may be tightly connected to the pin 22 by welding. The second elastic element 21 and the pin 22 are arranged in the through hole of the valve element in advance, and the through hole is strictly corresponding to the groove 23 on the housing 4 under the state that the cavity 10 is blocked. The width of the groove 23 is greater than the width of the pin 22 so that when the pin 22 is sheared and reseated into the groove 23, sufficient space is left in the groove 23 for the pin 22 to reseat.
In this specification, the shear strength of the pin 22 is designed according to the stratum fracture pressure and the fracturing construction requirement, and the pressure in the tubular column energy-gathering cavity can be adjusted by changing the shear strength of the pin 22, so that the fracturing requirement of stratums with different properties is met, and the practicability of the tool is enhanced.
Further, the length of the pin 22 is greater than the depth of the groove 23, so that after the pin 22 is sheared by a cumulative fracturing operation, a certain length of the pin returns to the groove 23.
Preferably, the length of the pin 22 is 5 to 6 times the depth of the groove 23. In this embodiment, the length of the pin 22 is reserved for 4-5 times of operations, and after the pin is sheared by one time of energy gathering fracturing operation, the pin 22 still has enough length to repeatedly sit back into the groove 23 under the action of the second elastic member 21, so that subsequent efficiency-enhancing energy gathering fracturing operation can be performed.
Certainly, the relationship between the length of the pin 22 and the depth of the groove 23 in the embodiment of the present application is not particularly limited, and the corresponding length may be designed according to the requirement of the fracturing operation, so as to meet the requirement of performing subsequent multiple-effect energy-gathering fracturing operation when the pin is used in a stratum requiring multiple repeated fracturing operations, without changing tools and tripping a fracturing string, and reduce the fracturing operation time, thereby achieving the purpose of cost reduction and efficiency improvement.
In this specification, a protruding portion 41 is provided on the inner wall of the housing 4, and the groove 23 is provided on the protruding portion 41. In the present embodiment, the diameter of the housing 4 at the groove 23 is the smallest, so that the pin 22 is firmly clamped in the groove 23 under the limit of the groove 23 and the pushing force of the second elastic element 21, and the fixing strength of the sealing element 2 and the housing 4 is ensured.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, 5 and 6, the protruding portion 41 is symmetrically disposed with respect to the axis of the cavity 10, and a slope is disposed between the inner wall of the housing 4 and the protruding portion 41. By arranging the inclined plane between the convex part 41 and the inner wall of the shell 4, the pin 22 can ascend and descend along the slope of the inclined plane in the process of ascending and descending of the valve core, namely the pin 22 ascends and descends along the change of the cross section area of the inner wall of the shell 4, and the pin 22 is prevented from being blocked or obstructed in the axial movement along the shell 4.
In this specification, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, a fixed base 31 is further disposed in the housing 4, one end of the first elastic member 3 is fixed to the fixed base 31, and the other end of the first elastic member 3 is fixed to the valve element; the fixed base 31 is provided with a discharge port 32 communicated with the flow passage 24 for discharging fracturing medium.
The first elastic element 3 is matched with the fixed base 31 in diameter and can be connected and fixed with the upper valve core through welding. The fixed base 31 is integrally connected to the housing 4, and when the pin 22 is not sheared, the pin 22 receives the forces of the valve element, the valve plate assembly and the fracturing medium, and when the pin 22 is sheared, the fixed base 31 supports and stabilizes the axial movement of the upper valve element and the first resilient element 3 within the housing 4.
In order to further understand the present application, a method for using the energy concentrating fracturing tool provided by the embodiments of the present application will be further described below with reference to fig. 1, 5 and 6.
Firstly, a fracturing pipe column connected with the energy-gathering fracturing tool is put into a target interval and fixed, the energy-gathering fracturing tool is matched and connected with the upper end of a fracturing section of an open hole or well cementation fracturing completion pipe column, and the energy-gathering fracturing tool enters a fracturing section pipe column after energy gathering.
Then pumping the supercritical CO to the fracturing string by the ground2The fracturing fluid enters the cavity 10 above the valve plate assembly to be shaped, the acting force of the fracturing fluid on the first valve plate 1, the second valve plate 1 and the valve core is gradually increased in the shape shaping process, but the force transmitted to the pin 22 on the valve core is still smaller than the shearing strength of the force.
But as the energy concentration progresses, supercritical CO in the cavity 10 above the valve plate assembly2When the force transmitted by the fracturing fluid exceeds the shear strength of the pin 22, the pin 22 is sheared and removed from the groove 23, so that the valve core moves downwards and compresses the first elastic element 3. The first valve plate 1 and the second valve plate 1 lose the upward jacking force of the valve core, and rotate towards the inner wall of the shell 4 under the action of the fracturing fluid after energy gathering. The fracturing fluid after energy gathering enters a flow channel 24 between the valve core and the shell 4 through the valve plate, is finally ejected from an exhaust port 32 on a fixed base 31 and expands instantly, enters the stratum after passing through the fracturing section at the lower part of the tubular column, breaks through the stratum in an explosive manner and simultaneously generates shock waves, and cracks a target interval instantly to form a complex fracturing fracture network.
When the fracturing fluid pumped from the ground reaches the designed amount, the pumping of the fracturing fluid into the fracturing string is stopped, the pressure in the cavity 10 above the valve plate assembly is gradually reduced, the first elastic part 3 starts to restore to deform, and the valve core and the pin 22 are driven to move upwards. The pin 22 reseats back into the groove 23 under the thrust of the second elastic member 21 connected thereto and sets the valve element. The valve core is rested below the closed valve plate at the moment, and the supercritical CO2 energy-gathering fracturing operation is finished.
When multiple times of synergistic energy-gathering fracturing operation needs to be carried out on a target stratum, the length of the pin 22 is 5-6 times of the depth of the groove 23, so that the pin 22 still has enough length to be repeatedly and repeatedly rested into the groove 23 under the thrust action of the second elastic piece 21 after being sheared through one time of energy-gathering fracturing operation, and repeated fracturing is carried out.
The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical concepts and features of the present application, and the purpose of the present invention is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the content of the present application and implement the present application, and not to limit the protection scope of the present application. All equivalent changes and modifications made according to the spirit of the present application should be covered in the protection scope of the present application.
All articles and references disclosed, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes. The term "consisting essentially of …" describing a combination shall include the identified element, ingredient, component or step as well as other elements, ingredients, components or steps that do not materially affect the basic novel characteristics of the combination. The use of the terms "comprising" or "including" to describe combinations of elements, components, or steps herein also contemplates embodiments that consist essentially of such elements, components, or steps. By using the term "may" herein, it is intended to indicate that any of the described attributes that "may" include are optional.
A plurality of elements, components, parts or steps can be provided by a single integrated element, component, part or step. Alternatively, a single integrated element, component, part or step may be divided into separate plural elements, components, parts or steps. The disclosure of "a" or "an" to describe an element, ingredient, component or step is not intended to foreclose other elements, ingredients, components or steps.
It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. Many embodiments and many applications other than the examples provided will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading the above description. The disclosures of all articles and references, including patent applications and publications, are hereby incorporated by reference for all purposes.
Claims (9)
1. A focused fracturing tool, comprising:
the device comprises a shell with a cavity, wherein the shell is provided with an inlet end and an outlet end, and a groove is formed in the inner wall of the shell;
a sealing member disposed proximate the inlet end and a first resilient member disposed proximate the outlet end; the sealing element is provided with a pin matched with the groove and a second elastic element for providing thrust for the pin;
the pressure of the fracturing medium enables the pin to be sheared, when the sealing element moves relative to the shell and compresses the first elastic element, the cavity is in a through state, and the fracturing medium flows out from the outlet end; when the first elastic piece and the second elastic piece are matched to push the pin into the groove, the cavity is in a blocking state.
2. The focused fracturing tool of claim 1, further comprising a valve plate assembly disposed between the inlet end and the seal, the valve plate assembly comprising:
the first valve plate is rotationally connected with the inner wall of the shell;
the second valve plate is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the shell;
a first valve plate spring connected between the first valve plate and the inner wall of the housing;
a second valve plate spring connected between the second valve plate and the inner wall of the housing;
the first valve plate spring and the second valve plate spring can push the first valve plate and the second valve plate, so that the first valve plate is butted with the second valve plate to form a closed end.
3. The focused fracturing tool according to claim 2, wherein said seal is embodied as a valve element for abutting against said valve plate, said valve element forming a flow path with said housing, said valve element having a through hole for positioning said second resilient member and said pin, said through hole facing said recess when said cavity is in a blocked state.
4. The focused fracturing tool of claim 3, wherein the cavity has a square cross-section, the first valve plate and the second valve plate are symmetrically disposed with respect to the axis of the cavity, and the first valve plate and the second valve plate form a V-shaped configuration when butted.
5. The focused fracturing tool of claim 3, wherein the spring rates of the first and second valve plate springs are the same, but are each less than the spring rate of the first elastic member.
6. The focused fracturing tool according to claim 1, wherein said housing inner wall is provided with a boss protruding toward said cavity, said recess being provided on said boss.
7. The focused fracturing tool of claim 6, wherein the lobes are symmetrically disposed with respect to the axis of the cavity, and wherein a chamfer is disposed between the housing inner wall and the lobes.
8. The energy concentrating fracturing tool of claim 3, wherein a fixed base is further provided in the housing, one end of the first elastic member is fixed on the fixed base, the other end of the first elastic member is fixed on the valve core, and a discharge port communicated with the flow passage is provided on the fixed base.
9. The focused fracturing tool of claim 1, wherein the length of the pin is greater than the depth of the groove, and the length of the pin is 5-6 times the depth of the groove.
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