CN111909649A - Adhesive, solar cell back sheet and solar cell - Google Patents
Adhesive, solar cell back sheet and solar cell Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN111909649A CN111909649A CN202010725269.1A CN202010725269A CN111909649A CN 111909649 A CN111909649 A CN 111909649A CN 202010725269 A CN202010725269 A CN 202010725269A CN 111909649 A CN111909649 A CN 111909649A
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- Prior art keywords
- adhesive
- solar cell
- hydroxyl
- polyurethane prepolymer
- terminated polyurethane
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- Granted
Links
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 229920001730 Moisture cure polyurethane Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 43
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 31
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- -1 aliphatic glycidyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- AOBIOSPNXBMOAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)ethoxymethyl]oxirane Chemical compound C1OC1COCCOCC1CO1 AOBIOSPNXBMOAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- UWFRVQVNYNPBEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(2,4-dimethylphenyl)propan-1-one Chemical compound CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1C UWFRVQVNYNPBEF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- SHKUUQIDMUMQQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)butoxymethyl]oxirane Chemical group C1OC1COCCCCOCC1CO1 SHKUUQIDMUMQQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl acrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 5
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 5
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC1CCCCC1 OIWOHHBRDFKZNC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KBLWLMPSVYBVDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1CCCCC1 KBLWLMPSVYBVDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- LNMQRPPRQDGUDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)C=C LNMQRPPRQDGUDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007719 peel strength test Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 4
- RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C(C)=C RUMACXVDVNRZJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)C=C CFVWNXQPGQOHRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 239000005057 Hexamethylene diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexamethylene diisocyanate Chemical compound O=C=NCCCCCCN=C=O RRAMGCGOFNQTLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LNCPIMCVTKXXOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C LNCPIMCVTKXXOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxiran-2-ylmethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC1CO1 RPQRDASANLAFCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Ethylhexyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C=C GOXQRTZXKQZDDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylhexyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C(C)=C WDQMWEYDKDCEHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-Diphenylmethane Diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC(N=C=O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1 UPMLOUAZCHDJJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NQSLZEHVGKWKAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NQSLZEHVGKWKAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DXPPIEDUBFUSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCOC(=O)C=C DXPPIEDUBFUSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002799 BoPET Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005058 Isophorone diisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbon carbon Chemical compound C.C CREMABGTGYGIQB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000032798 delamination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophorone diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N=C=O)CC(C)(CN=C=O)C1 NIMLQBUJDJZYEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C NZIDBRBFGPQCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 2
- PSGCQDPCAWOCSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4,7,7-trimethyl-3-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl) prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C1CC2(C)C(OC(=O)C=C)CC1C2(C)C PSGCQDPCAWOCSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- KUBDPQJOLOUJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(chloromethyl)oxirane;4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-2-yl]phenol Chemical compound ClCC1CO1.C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 KUBDPQJOLOUJRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCO GNSFRPWPOGYVLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QZPSOSOOLFHYRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-hydroxypropyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCCOC(=O)C=C QZPSOSOOLFHYRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKXAYLPDMSGWEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybutyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCCO YKXAYLPDMSGWEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NDWUBGAGUCISDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxybutyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCCCOC(=O)C=C NDWUBGAGUCISDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyl acetate Natural products CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004699 Ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- IAXXETNIOYFMLW-COPLHBTASA-N [(1s,3s,4s)-4,7,7-trimethyl-3-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptanyl] 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C1C[C@]2(C)[C@@H](OC(=O)C(=C)C)C[C@H]1C2(C)C IAXXETNIOYFMLW-COPLHBTASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003851 corona treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940119545 isobornyl methacrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lauryl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004377 microelectronic Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002523 polyethylene Glycol 1000 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009283 thermal hydrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J175/00—Adhesives based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J175/04—Polyurethanes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The invention provides an adhesive, a solar cell back panel and a solar cell, wherein the adhesive comprises: a hydroxyl terminated polyurethane prepolymer, a multifunctional isocyanate, and an epoxy diluent, wherein the epoxy diluent is selected from aliphatic epoxy compounds containing at least two epoxy groups. The adhesive layer formed by the adhesive has excellent bonding strength and high heat resistance, and can maintain good bonding strength and low yellowing value even if being in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment for a long time. And the system has low viscosity and is easy to coat, so that the production efficiency is improved, the method is suitable for large-scale application, is particularly suitable for solar cells, and the performance of the solar cells can be integrally improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of materials. In particular, the invention relates to an adhesive, a solar cell back sheet and a solar cell.
Background
The photovoltaic industry is becoming an increasingly explosive industry following the IT and microelectronic industries internationally. The service life of the solar cell is at least 25 years, so that the multilayer film used for the solar cell back plate needs to have enough weather resistance, and the adhesive used for compounding the structural layers simultaneously has the comprehensive performance advantages of good construction property, high bonding strength, high heat resistance, ultraviolet aging resistance, long-term moisture and thermal hydrolysis resistance and the like so as to meet the use requirements of the field.
The high-performance adhesives used for the interlayer compounding of PET, PE, PVF, PVDF and the like in the conventional solar cell back plate structure are solvent-type polyurethane adhesives which have strong designability, high bonding strength and excellent weather resistance, and the adhesive product meeting the bonding requirement of the solar cell back plate can be prepared by selecting polyhydric alcohol and isocyanate.
However, the existing adhesive for solar back panels has the defects of poor adhesion, poor humidity and heat resistance, easy yellowing due to ultraviolet aging and the like, and still needs to be researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least to some extent at least one of the technical problems of the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes an adhesive forming an adhesive layer having excellent adhesive strength and high heat resistance, and maintaining good adhesive strength and a low yellowing value even in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment for a long period of time, a solar cell back sheet, and a solar cell. And the system has low viscosity and is easy to coat, so that the production efficiency is improved, the method is suitable for large-scale application, is particularly suitable for solar cells, and the performance of the solar cells can be integrally improved.
In one aspect of the invention, an adhesive is provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, the adhesive comprises: a hydroxyl terminated polyurethane prepolymer, a multifunctional isocyanate, and an epoxy diluent, wherein the epoxy diluent is selected from aliphatic epoxy compounds containing at least two epoxy groups.
OH in a hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer structure reacts with NCO in polyfunctional group isocyanate to obtain a highly crosslinked system, the system has excellent humidity resistance and ultraviolet aging resistance due to the existence of a carbon-carbon main chain, and a polar ester bond in the structure can endow the material with excellent adhesion. The epoxy diluent is beneficial to reducing the viscosity of a system, is convenient to coat and can meet the requirement of high-speed coating, so that the production efficiency of the solar backboard is improved. And, during the humid heat aging process, the ester bond is hydrolyzed and broken to generate a carboxyl group, which can react with an epoxy group in the epoxy diluent, thereby reducing the attenuation of the adhesive force, and maintaining good adhesive strength and low yellowing value. Thus, the adhesive layer formed by the adhesive according to the embodiment of the present invention has excellent adhesive strength and high heat resistance, and can maintain good adhesive strength and a low yellowing value even under a high-temperature and high-humidity environment for a long time. And the system has low viscosity and is easy to coat, so that the production efficiency is improved, the method is suitable for large-scale application, is particularly suitable for solar cells, and the performance of the solar cells can be integrally improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive may have the following additional features:
according to an embodiment of the present invention, the epoxy diluent is contained in an amount of 15 to 25 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the hydroxyl terminated polyurethane prepolymer.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the epoxy diluent is selected from 1, 4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, and C12～14At least one of aliphatic glycidyl ethers.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the mol ratio of NCO in the polyfunctional isocyanate to OH in the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer is (0.6-1.2): 1.
according to an embodiment of the present invention, the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer has a hydroxyl value of 5 to 10mgKOH/g, and a 50 mass% solution containing the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer has a viscosity of 500 to 1500mPa.s at 23. + -. 0.5 ℃;
according to an embodiment of the present invention, a 40 mass% concentration solution containing the adhesive has a viscosity of 15 to 50mpa.s at 23 ± 0.5 ℃.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the hydroxyl terminated polyurethane prepolymer is formed from at least: a polyacrylate polyol; a polyether polyol; and a diisocyanate.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of the polyacrylate polyol to the polyether polyol to the diisocyanate is (90-95): (1-10): (0.1-0.5).
According to the embodiment of the invention, the hydroxyl value of the polyacrylate polyol is 1-5 mgKOH/g, and the Tg value is-3 to-10 ℃.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the weight average molecular weight of the polyacrylate polyol is 20000-50000, and the weight average molecular weight of the polyether polyol is 400-1000.
In yet another aspect of the present invention, a solar cell backsheet is presented. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the solar cell back sheet includes: a support layer; a first adhesive layer formed on a surface of the support layer; and the adhesive layer is formed on the surface of the first adhesive layer far away from the support layer, wherein the first adhesive layer is formed by the adhesive. Therefore, the solar cell back sheet according to the embodiment of the invention has good humidity and heat resistance, can maintain good adhesive strength and low yellowing value even if being in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment for a long time, is suitable for solar cells, and can integrally improve the performance of the solar cells. In addition, the adhesive is low in viscosity and easy to coat, so that the production efficiency of the solar cell back plate is improved, and the adhesive has the advantages of reducing cost and saving energy consumption.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the solar cell back sheet further comprises: the second adhesive layer is formed on the surface of the support layer far away from the first adhesive layer; and the weather-resistant layer is formed on the surface, far away from the support layer, of the second adhesive layer, wherein the second adhesive layer is formed by the adhesive.
In yet another aspect of the present invention, a solar cell is presented. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the solar cell includes: a battery assembly; and the solar cell backboard is connected with the cell module through the bonding layer. Therefore, the solar cell provided by the embodiment of the invention has higher performance and service life, and is suitable for large-scale application.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of a solar cell back sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of a solar cell back sheet according to another embodiment of the present invention; and
fig. 3 shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of a solar cell according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
10: a solar cell; 100: a battery assembly; 200: a solar cell backsheet; 210: a support layer; 220 a: a first adhesive layer; 220 b: a second adhesive layer; 230: a bonding layer; 240: and a weather-resistant layer.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. The following examples are illustrative only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
It should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. Further, in the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
The present invention proposes an adhesive, a solar cell back sheet and a solar cell, which will be described in detail below, respectively.
Adhesive agent
In one aspect of the invention, an adhesive is provided. According to an embodiment of the invention, the adhesive comprises: a hydroxyl terminated polyurethane prepolymer, a multifunctional isocyanate, and an epoxy diluent, wherein the epoxy diluent is selected from aliphatic epoxy compounds containing at least two epoxy groups.
OH in a hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer structure reacts with NCO in polyfunctional group isocyanate to obtain a highly crosslinked system, the system has excellent humidity resistance and ultraviolet aging resistance due to a carbon-carbon main chain, and polar ester bonds in the structure can endow the material with excellent adhesion. The epoxy diluent is beneficial to reducing the viscosity of a system, is convenient to coat and can meet the requirement of high-speed coating, so that the production efficiency of the solar backboard is improved. And, during the humid heat aging process, the ester bond is hydrolyzed and broken to generate a carboxyl group, which can react with an epoxy group in the epoxy diluent, thereby reducing the attenuation of the adhesive force, and maintaining good adhesive strength and low yellowing value. Thus, the adhesive layer formed by the adhesive according to the embodiment of the present invention has excellent adhesive strength and high heat resistance, and can maintain good adhesive strength and a low yellowing value even under a high-temperature and high-humidity environment for a long time. And the system has low viscosity and is easy to coat, so that the production efficiency is improved, the method is suitable for large-scale application, is particularly suitable for solar cells, and the performance of the solar cells can be integrally improved.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the epoxy diluent is contained in an amount of 15 to 25 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the hydroxyl terminated polyurethane prepolymer. Therefore, the viscosity of the system is reduced while the adhesiveness of the adhesive is ensured, the coating is easy, the production efficiency is improved, the production cost is reduced, and the energy consumption is saved.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of NCO in the polyfunctional isocyanate to OH in the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer is (0.6-1.2): 1. therefore, the adhesive has better adhesiveness, and the problem that the system is difficult to coat due to overhigh viscosity can be avoided. If the NCO quality is too high, the wet heat resistance of the adhesive tends to be lowered.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer has a hydroxyl value of 5 to 10mgKOH/g, and a 50 mass% solution containing the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer has a viscosity of 500 to 1500mPa.s at 23. + -. 0.5 ℃. The inventor obtains the preferable hydroxyl value and viscosity through a large number of experiments, thereby not only providing a large number of crosslinking sites to enable the crosslinking sites to generate crosslinking reaction with NCO so as to improve the adhesion, but also avoiding too many crosslinking sites, resulting in large crosslinking density, high system viscosity and difficult coating.
The term "hydroxyl value" as used herein means the number of milligrams of potassium hydroxide (KOH) corresponding to the hydroxyl group in 1g of a sample, and the hydroxyl value is expressed as mgKOH/g as a solid hydroxyl value.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, a 40 mass% concentration solution containing the adhesive has a viscosity of 15 to 50mpa.s at 23 ± 0.5 ℃. Thus, the adhesive is easy to coat, and the formed adhesive layer has excellent adhesive strength and high heat resistance.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the epoxy diluent is selected from 1, 4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether and C12～14At least one of aliphatic glycidyl ethers. Therefore, not only can the viscosity of the system be reduced, but also the carboxyl generated by hydrolysis can react with the epoxy group in the damp heat aging process, thereby reducing the attenuation of the adhesive force. If an epoxy diluent containing benzene rings is adopted, the adhesive is easy to yellow after being aged by damp heat.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the hydroxyl terminated polyurethane prepolymer is formed from at least: a polyacrylate polyol; a polyether polyol; and a diisocyanate. The mass ratio of the polyacrylate polyol to the polyether polyol to the diisocyanate is (90-95): (1-10): (0.1-0.5). The inventor obtains the proportion through a large amount of experiments. The main chain in the polyacrylate polyol structure is a carbon-carbon bond, so that the polyacrylate polyol has good humidity and heat resistance, and the side chain contains a polar ester bond, so that excellent bonding force can be provided; the polyether polyol has no ester bond which is easy to hydrolyze, so that the polyether polyol has good hydrolysis resistance and excellent flexibility, and a hydroxyl-terminated prepolymer prepared by reacting the two polyols and diisocyanate according to a certain proportion through the polyacrylate polyol and the polyether polyol has excellent bonding strength and the viscosity can be kept in a good application range.
The polyacrylate polyol according to an embodiment of the present invention is a polyacrylate polyol obtained by solution radical polymerization, wherein the polyacrylate polyol can be obtained by radical polymerization of a (meth) acrylate monomer and a hydroxyl group-containing (meth) acrylate monomer, wherein the (meth) acrylate monomer can be preferably selected from the group consisting of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, glycidyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, isobornyl acrylate, lauryl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, n-hexyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, n-octyl methacrylate, n-butyl acrylate, n, One or more of isooctyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate and lauryl methacrylate. In the present invention, at least two of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, glycidyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, n-octyl acrylate, isooctyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, n-hexyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate, n-octyl methacrylate, isooctyl methacrylate, 2-ethylhexyl methacrylate are preferable, and methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, isobutyl acrylate, glycidyl acrylate, n-hexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, n-hexyl methacrylate, cyclohexyl methacrylate.
The hydroxyl-containing (methyl) acrylate monomer can be one or a mixture of monomers selected from 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 3-hydroxypropyl methacrylate and 4-hydroxybutyl methacrylate.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the hydroxyl value of the polyacrylate polyol is 1-5 mgKOH/g, and the Tg value is-3 to-10 ℃. The inventors found that the hydroxyl value of polyacrylate polyol affects the moist heat resistance, adhesion and the like of the adhesive, and when the hydroxyl value of polyacrylate polyol is less than 1mgKOH/g, insufficient crosslinking point of the prepared hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer is caused, and heat resistance and laminate appearance are deteriorated; when the hydroxyl value of the polyacrylate polyol is higher than 5mgKOH/g, the viscosity of the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer increases and the usability decreases. If the Tg is too low, the cohesion of the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer is low, and if the Tg is too high, the wettability of the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer is low.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the weight average molecular weight of the polyacrylate polyol is 20000-50000. The inventors have conducted extensive experiments to obtain the above-mentioned preferred weight average molecular weight, and when the weight average molecular weight is less than 20000, the cohesive force of the adhesive is insufficient, which is manifested as poor adhesion and poor heat resistance.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the polyether polyol has the weight average molecular weight of 400-1000. The polyether polyol with low molecular weight has the characteristic of low viscosity, and can reduce the viscosity of a prepolymer system while ensuring the adhesive force of the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the diisocyanate is selected from at least one of isophorone diisocyanate, diphenylmethane-4, 4' -diisocyanate and hexamethylene diisocyanate. The diisocyanate is adopted instead of the monoisocyanate or the polyisocyanate, and the main purpose is to ensure that the number of crosslinking sites is proper, so that the crosslinking strength of the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer obtained by curing the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer with polyether polyol and polyacrylate polyol is proper. If the polyisocyanate is adopted, the crosslinking sites are too many, the prepolymer structure is complex, the crosslinking strength is too high, the viscosity is too high, and the applicability is poor.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the polyfunctional isocyanate is selected from at least one of toluene diisocyanate trimer, diphenylmethane diisocyanate trimer, isophorone diisocyanate trimer and hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer. The inventor obtains the better polyfunctional group isocyanate through a large amount of experiments, and the polyfunctional group isocyanate can perform crosslinking reaction with the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer to obtain a highly crosslinked system, so that the humidity resistance and the ultraviolet aging resistance are improved.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the adhesive further comprises: a solvent selected from at least one of ethyl acetate, butyl acetate and toluene. Therefore, the components are uniformly dispersed in the solvent to form a uniform system.
Solar cell back sheet
In yet another aspect of the present invention, a solar cell backsheet is presented. According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 1, the solar cell back sheet 200 includes: a support layer 210; a first adhesive layer 220a, the first adhesive layer 220a being formed on a surface of the support layer 210; and an adhesive layer 230, wherein the adhesive layer 230 is formed on the surface of the first adhesive layer 220a away from the support layer 210, and the first adhesive layer 220a is formed by the adhesive. The inventors found that the first adhesive layer 220a in the solar cell backsheet 200 has good humidity and heat resistance, and can maintain good adhesive strength and low yellowing value even under a high-temperature and high-humidity environment for a long time, so that each film layer of the solar cell backsheet 200 is still not easily delaminated and yellowed after being used for a long time, and can play a good role in protecting a cell module in a solar cell, so that the cell module is still not easily affected by environmental factors such as water vapor, acid gas, too high or too low temperature and ultraviolet rays after being used for a long time, and the photoelectric conversion performance is not easily attenuated, and has high stability and good cyclicity.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the first adhesive layer 220a is formed by the adhesive described above. Therefore, after the solar cell backboard 200 is used for a long time, each film layer is still not easy to delaminate and yellow, a good protection effect can be achieved on a cell module in the solar cell, the cell module is still not easy to be affected by water vapor, acid gas, too high or too low temperature, ultraviolet rays and other environmental factors after being used for a long time, the photoelectric conversion performance is not easy to attenuate, the stability is high, and the cyclicity is good.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the material of the support layer 210 is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can flexibly select the material as needed as long as the material can perform a supporting function. For example, it may be PET (polyethylene terephthalate).
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the material of the adhesive layer 230 is not particularly limited, and one skilled in the art can flexibly select it as desired. For example, polyethylene, ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene, or the like can be used. Thus, the solar cell back sheet 200 can be preferably mounted on a solar cell.
In other embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the solar cell back sheet 200 further comprises: a second adhesive layer 220b, the second adhesive layer 220b being formed on a surface of the support layer 210 remote from the first adhesive layer 220 a; and a weather-resistant layer 240, wherein the weather-resistant layer 240 is formed on a surface of the second adhesive layer 220b away from the support layer 210, and the second adhesive layer 220b is formed by the adhesive. The weather-resistant layer is added to further improve the weather resistance of the solar cell back plate and prolong the service life.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the first adhesive layer or the second adhesive layer is formed by the adhesive described above.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the features and advantages described above for the adhesive apply equally to the solar cell backsheet and will not be described in detail here.
Solar cell
In yet another aspect of the present invention, a solar cell is presented. According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, the solar cell 10 includes: a battery assembly 100; and the aforementioned solar cell back sheet 200, wherein the solar cell back sheet 200 is connected to the cell module 100 through the adhesive layer 230. The inventors have found that the cell module 100 in the solar cell 10 is not easily affected by environmental factors such as water vapor, acid gas, excessively high or excessively low temperature, and ultraviolet rays even after being used for a long time, and further, the photoelectric conversion performance of the solar cell 10 is not easily degraded, and the solar cell has high stability and good cyclability.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the solar cell backsheet 200 can protect the back surface of the cell module 100, so that the cell module 100 in the solar cell 10 is not easily affected by environmental factors such as water vapor, acid gas, too high or too low temperature, and ultraviolet rays after being used for a long time.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, it can be understood by those skilled in the art that the battery assembly 100 includes the structure of a conventional solar battery assembly, such as a battery plate, an encapsulant, a glass plate, etc., and the solar battery 10 further includes the structure, components, etc. of a conventional solar battery, which will not be described in detail herein.
After the obtained solar cell back plate is used for a long time, each film layer still is not easy to delaminate and yellow, so that the solar cell back plate can play a good protection role on a cell module in a solar cell, is not easy to be influenced by water vapor, acid gas, overhigh or overlow temperature, ultraviolet rays and other environmental factors after being used for a long time, and has the advantages of difficult attenuation of photoelectric conversion performance, high stability, good cyclicity and longer service life.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, unless otherwise specifically stated or limited, the term "connected" is to be interpreted broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral part; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the features and advantages described above for the solar cell backsheet apply equally to the solar cell and will not be described in detail here.
The scheme of the invention will be explained with reference to the examples. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the following examples are illustrative of the invention only and should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention. The examples, where specific techniques or conditions are not indicated, are to be construed according to the techniques or conditions described in the literature in the art or according to the product specifications. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by the manufacturer, and are all conventional products commercially available.
Examples
The synthesis of polyacrylate polyol a1 in the examples is as follows:
adding 100 parts by mass of ethyl acetate into a reaction kettle provided with a mechanical stirring device, a thermometer and a reflux condenser, heating to 75 ℃, uniformly mixing 15 parts by mass of methyl methacrylate, 50.75 parts by mass of n-butyl acrylate, 0.25 part by mass of hydroxyethyl methacrylate, 34 parts by mass of cyclohexyl methacrylate and 1.5 parts by mass of azobisisobutyronitrile, continuously dropwise adding into the reaction system within 5 hours, keeping the temperature for 3 hours, cooling to room temperature, discharging, and obtaining a resin solution of polyacrylate polyol a1 with the weight molecular weight of 30000 and the hydroxyl value of 1.1mgKOH/g, wherein the solid content is 50 wt%.
The polyacrylate polyols a 2-a 4 solutions were prepared by the same synthetic method as the polyacrylate polyol a1 according to the mass parts of the materials in table 1, and the feeding amounts and the product-related physical property parameters of the polyacrylate polyol a 1-a 4 solutions are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
The synthesis method of the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer A1 is as follows: 181.2 parts by weight of a1 solution (the concentration of the solution in a 1-a 4 is 50%) and 9.0 parts by weight of PEG1000 are weighed according to the feeding amount in Table 2, added into a reaction kettle provided with a mechanical stirrer, a thermometer, a reflux condenser and nitrogen protection, heated to 40-45 ℃, 0.4 part by weight of Wannate-MDI50 (diisocyanate) is added into the reaction system, after heat preservation for half an hour, heated to 70-80 ℃, reacted completely, cooled to room temperature for discharging, and added with ethyl acetate to dilute to 50 wt% to obtain the resin solution of the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer A1.
The hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymers A2-A4 and F1 solutions were prepared by the same synthetic method as hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer A1 according to the weight parts of the materials in Table 2, and the feeding amounts of the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymers A1-A4 and F1 are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Preparation of the base Agents in the examples
Adhesive coating liquids with the required solid content of 40 wt% can be prepared by uniformly mixing the adhesive formulations used in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 4 in the mass parts shown in table 3 at room temperature, and the adhesive coating liquids are tested by using a sample performance evaluation method. Wherein:
component B (polyfunctional isocyanate): hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer-type curing agent, manufactured by Korsakow under the trade name N3300, with an NCO content of 21.8 wt% and a solid content of 100%.
Component C (epoxy diluent): polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, manufactured by Shanghai Yueyi chemical industry, has the trade name CYDPG-227, the solid content of 100 percent and the viscosity of 40-100 mPa.s at 23 ℃.
And (D) component: bisphenol A type epoxy resin, manufactured by Dow chemical, under the trade name DER-331 epoxy resin, has a solid content of 100%, and a viscosity of 11000-.
The sample performance evaluation method comprises the following steps:
1. preparation of test samples
The used base materials are a 125 mu m polyethylene terephthalate film (PET) and a 22.5 mu m PVDF film which are both subjected to corona treatment, the prepared adhesive solution is coated on the PET film, and the coating amount is 20-25 g/m2And drying at 80 ℃ for 2 minutes, and fully bonding the PVDF film and the PET film to obtain the composite sample.
2. Initial peel strength test
The peel strength test is carried out by sampling immediately after the preparation of the composite sample wafer, and the test is carried out under the conditions of the peel speed of 300mm/min and the sample width of 15mm by referring to the method in national standard GB/T2790-.
3. Test for peel Strength after aging
The peel strength test of the composite sample piece after curing is carried out at the temperature of 45-55 ℃ under the condition of 2-4, and the test is carried out under the conditions of the peel speed of 300mm/min and the spline width of 15mm by referring to the method in national standard GB/T2790-.
4. PCT aging Performance test
1) PCT48 hour peel strength: the cured sample piece is placed at the temperature of 121 ℃ and the humidity of 100% for 48 hours and then subjected to peel strength test, and the test is carried out under the conditions of the peel speed of 300mm/min and the sample strip width of 15mm by referring to the method in national standard GB/T2790-.
2) PCT96 hour appearance: after the cured sample piece was left at 121 ℃ and 100% humidity for 96 hours, the appearance of the sample was observed, and whether or not undesirable phenomena such as shrinkage, bubbling, delamination, etc. occurred at the bonded portion was observed.
5. Yellowing test
Yellowing test: after PCT was run for 100 hours, the hue of the weathering layer of the samples before and after aging was measured according to the method specified in GB/T7975 (1 sheet was measured for both samples before and after aging), and the yellowness index was calculated according to equation (1).
ΔYI＝∣YI1-YI0∣…………………………(1)
In the formula:
Δ YI-yellowing index;
YI 0-yellowness index of unaged plaques;
YI 1-yellowness index of aged plaques;
wherein YI is 100 (1.28X-1.06Z)/Y.
TABLE 3
As can be seen from the data in tables 1, 2 and 3, the A, B and C components formulated according to the formulations provided in the examples have excellent peel strength on cure, wet heat resistance, and maintain good adhesion, wet heat resistance and low yellowing value even after severe PCT wet heat aging and extreme ultraviolet aging tests.
The results of comparative examples 1 to 3 in table 3 show that, in comparative example 1, the bisphenol a-type epoxy compound having a benzene ring is used as the epoxy diluent, and although the curing adhesive force performance and the humidity-resistant adhesive force of the product reach standards, the yellowing value after the humidity-heat aging and the ultraviolet aging is obviously increased. The epoxy diluent of comparative example 2 is added in an amount not within the limited range, and thus, the adhesive strength and the moist heat resistance are remarkably insufficient. Comparative example 3 an appropriate range of epoxy diluent was added, but the curing agent was added with the following NCO: the OH ratio is not within the defined range, so that too high a residual NCO content results in an adhesive having a markedly insufficient wet heat resistance. The content of polyacrylate polyol in the F1 solution used in comparative example 4 was not within the range of protection, and the adhesive strength and the variation in moist heat resistance were significantly insufficient.
The low-viscosity polyurethane adhesive provided by the invention can be used for bonding more than one film of a polyester film, a fluororesin film and a polyolefin film, the peel strength of a film product after being cured for 2-4 days at 45-55 ℃ is more than or equal to 8.0N/15mm, the delamination risk in the long-term outdoor placement process of the solar cell backboard is effectively reduced, the composite film product has long-term effective humidity and heat resistant environment adaptability, the bonding force is kept at more than 6N/15mm after being aged for 48 hours at 121 ℃ and 100% humidity, the composite film has excellent yellowing resistance, and the yellowing value is less than 1.0 after being subjected to PCT humidity and heat aging and strong ultraviolet aging tests, so that the composite film has excellent service performance.
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An adhesive, comprising: hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer, polyfunctional isocyanate and epoxy diluent,
wherein the epoxy diluent is selected from aliphatic epoxy compounds containing at least two epoxy groups.
2. The adhesive according to claim 1, wherein the epoxy diluent is present in an amount of 15 to 25 parts by weight based on 100 parts by weight of the hydroxyl terminated polyurethane prepolymer;
optionally, the epoxy diluent is selected from 1, 4-butanediol diglycidyl ether, ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether, and C12～14At least one of aliphatic glycidyl ethers.
3. The adhesive according to claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of NCO in the polyfunctional isocyanate to OH in the hydroxyl terminated polyurethane prepolymer is (0.6-1.2): 1;
optionally, the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer has a hydroxyl value of 5 to 10mgKOH/g, and a 50 mass% solution containing the hydroxyl-terminated polyurethane prepolymer has a viscosity of 500 to 1500mPa.s at 23 ± 0.5 ℃;
optionally, the solution containing the adhesive with the concentration of 40 mass% has the viscosity of 15-50 mPa.s at 23 +/-0.5 ℃.
4. The adhesive of claim 1, wherein the hydroxyl terminated polyurethane prepolymer is formed from at least:
a polyacrylate polyol;
a polyether polyol; and
a diisocyanate.
5. The adhesive according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of the polyacrylate polyol, the polyether polyol and the diisocyanate is (90-95): (1-10): (0.1-0.5).
6. The adhesive according to claim 4, wherein the polyacrylate polyol has a hydroxyl value of 1 to 5mgKOH/g and a Tg value of-3 to-10 ℃.
7. The adhesive according to claim 4, wherein the weight average molecular weight of the polyacrylate polyol is 20000 to 50000, and the weight average molecular weight of the polyether polyol is 400 to 1000.
8. A solar cell backsheet, comprising:
a support layer;
a first adhesive layer formed on a surface of the support layer;
an adhesive layer formed on a surface of the first adhesive layer remote from the support layer,
wherein the first adhesive layer is formed by the adhesive according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The solar cell backsheet according to claim 8, further comprising:
the second adhesive layer is formed on the surface of the support layer far away from the first adhesive layer;
a weather-resistant layer formed on a surface of the second adhesive layer remote from the support layer,
wherein the second adhesive layer is formed by the adhesive according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. A solar cell, comprising:
a battery assembly; and
the solar cell backsheet according to claim 8 or 9,
the solar cell back plate is connected with the cell module through the bonding layer.
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| CN113773417A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-12-10 | 广东普赛达密封粘胶有限公司 | Alpha, alpha' -diiodo-p-xylene, hydroxyl-terminated polyacrylate polyol, polyurethane prepolymer, sealant and preparation method thereof |
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