CN111908829A - Water repellent agent and pervious concrete for building - Google Patents
Water repellent agent and pervious concrete for building Download PDFInfo
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- CN111908829A CN111908829A CN202010801625.3A CN202010801625A CN111908829A CN 111908829 A CN111908829 A CN 111908829A CN 202010801625 A CN202010801625 A CN 202010801625A CN 111908829 A CN111908829 A CN 111908829A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000011380 pervious concrete Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 230000002940 repellent Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000005871 repellent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- -1 alkyl ketene dimer Chemical compound 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000004890 Hydrophobing Agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- YAXXOCZAXKLLCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-dodecyloxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1CC(=O)OC1=O YAXXOCZAXKLLCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nonylphenol Natural products CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IGFHQQFPSIBGKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonylphenol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1O SNQQPOLDUKLAAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229940051841 polyoxyethylene ether Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 229920000056 polyoxyethylene ether Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920003209 poly(hydridosilsesquioxane) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003760 magnetic stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 10
- DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene;hydrate Chemical compound O.C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 DGVVJWXRCWCCOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCN WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910018557 Si O Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Si] Chemical group [O].[Si] OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000008064 anhydrides Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon monoxide Inorganic materials [Si-]#[O+] LIVNPJMFVYWSIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- HXUDGHTZAJLKFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-dodecan-3-yloxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(CC)C1CC(=O)OC1=O HXUDGHTZAJLKFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010689 Lufa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical group [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- WASQWSOJHCZDFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diketene Chemical compound C=C1CC(=O)O1 WASQWSOJHCZDFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013100 final test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011381 foam concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-hydroxy-2-propan-2-ylsulfonylethanimidamide Chemical compound CC(C)S(=O)(=O)CC(N)=NO LNOPIUAQISRISI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005749 polyurethane resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003075 superhydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005028 tinplate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/06—Aluminous cements
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00017—Aspects relating to the protection of the environment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00241—Physical properties of the materials not provided for elsewhere in C04B2111/00
- C04B2111/00284—Materials permeable to liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
- C04B2111/27—Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a water repellent agent and pervious concrete for buildings. The building hydrophobing agent is prepared by the following method: mixing alkyl ketene dimer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione and ethanol to obtain modified wax liquid; the mass ratio of the alkyl ketene dimer, the ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, the 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione and the ethanol is (1-3): (4-8): (1-3): 20; mixing hydrogen-based silsesquioxane, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 and water to obtain a film forming solution; the hydrogen silsesquioxane, the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 and the water are mixed according to the mass ratio of (6-10): (1-3): 100, respectively; mixing the modified wax liquid and the film forming liquid to obtain the building hydrophobic agent; the mass ratio of the modified wax liquid to the film forming liquid is (10-30): 100. the pervious concrete produced by the building hydrophobic agent can prevent the pervious pores from being blocked, and effectively improve the water permeability durability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of concrete, in particular to a water repellent agent for buildings and pervious concrete.
Background
Concrete is a brittle material with a high compressive strength and a relatively low tensile strength. With the development of modern building technology, higher demands are also made on cement concrete building materials.
The pervious concrete is a cellular concrete material formed by adopting single-grain-level coarse aggregate as a framework and coating cement paste on the surfaces of coarse aggregate particles. As an environment-friendly and ecological road material, the material has water permeability, can quickly eliminate water accumulated on roads and squares, and reduces urban drainage burden; rainwater can rapidly infiltrate into the ground, underground water is supplemented, soil humidity is kept, and ecological balance of the underground water and the soil is maintained; the heat absorption and storage functions are close to the ground covered by natural vegetation, the temperature and humidity of the urban space are adjusted, and the urban heat island effect is relieved; has sound absorption effect, and can reduce environmental noise; the air gap can adsorb urban pollutants (such as dust) and reduce dust pollution; the permeable brick has a series of color configurations, can be designed according to the requirements of the surrounding environment, has stronger decoration, and is a special paving material which can not be realized by the traditional paving and the common permeable bricks. In a word, the pervious concrete pavement is an excellent new technology for protecting the nature, maintaining the ecological balance and relieving the urban heat island effect, and is beneficial to the benign development of the living environment.
The pervious concrete used as pavement material requires enough strength and good water permeability, but the property of looseness and porosity determines to obtain the above two specific contradictories at the same time, and the problems of poor bearing capacity, small cohesive force between coarse aggregates, low freeze-thaw resistance, easy cracking, difficult repair, hole blockage and the like often occur in practical engineering.
In order to prevent the water permeable pores from being blocked and improve the water permeable durability of the concrete, the inventor of 2018 adds a commercially available lotus leaf hydrophobizing agent into a concrete formula in the Chinese invention patent CN108329003A to obtain a certain effect. However, there is still room for improvement in its effect.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to be realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention adopts main hydrophobic agent alkyl ketene dimer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione for compounding, and mixes with film forming solution consisting of film forming agent hydrogen silsesquioxane and nonionic surfactant nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10, the prepared hydrophobic agent can form a hydrophobic film on the surface of a cementing layer wrapping aggregate, the cage-shaped frame structure of the film forming agent hydrogen silsesquioxane enables the hydrophobic film to have good elasticity, and water can more smoothly permeate through the internal pore canal of concrete, thereby forming the following technical scheme of the invention.
A preparation method of a building hydrophobing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing alkyl ketene dimer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione and ethanol to obtain modified wax liquid; the mass ratio of the alkyl ketene dimer, the ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, the 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione and the ethanol is (1-3): (4-8): (1-3): 20;
(2) mixing hydrogen-based silsesquioxane, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 and water to obtain a film forming solution; the hydrogen silsesquioxane, the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 and the water are mixed according to the mass ratio of (6-10): (1-3): 100, respectively;
(3) mixing the modified wax liquid and the film forming liquid to obtain the building hydrophobic agent; the mass ratio of the modified wax liquid to the film forming liquid is (10-30): 100.
further, the air conditioner is provided with a fan,
a preparation method of a building hydrophobing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) performing ultrasonic treatment on alkyl ketene dimer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione and ethanol at the frequency of 40-100kHz and the power of 300-800W for 20-40min at room temperature, and then performing magnetic stirring at the speed of 500-1000rpm for 10-30min to obtain modified wax liquid; the mass ratio of the alkyl ketene dimer, the ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, the 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione and the ethanol is (1-3): (4-8): (1-3): 20;
(2) mixing hydrogen silsesquioxane and nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 with water at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 500-1500rpm for 10-30min to obtain a film forming solution; the hydrogen silsesquioxane, the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 and the water are mixed according to the mass ratio of (6-10): (1-3): 100, respectively;
(3) mixing the modified wax liquid and the film forming liquid at room temperature, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20-40min under the conditions of the frequency of 40-100kHz and the power of 300-; the mass ratio of the modified wax liquid to the film forming liquid is (10-30): 100.
in the invention, alkyl ketene dimer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer and 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione are selected as main hydrophobic agents, and the three have organic synergistic effect.
Alkyl ketene dimer, CAS number 144245-85-2, is an unsaturated lactone, water insoluble waxy solid commonly used in the prior art as a reactive neutral papermaking sizing agent, and the present invention is based on its good hydrophobic properties for concrete hydrophobicity.
The fluorine group of ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, CAS No. 65324-12-1, produces effective release, sliding, and friction characteristics, and has excellent hydrophobic water-resistant properties.
3-3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione, CAS number 2561-85-5, comprising a structure with a five-membered anhydride ring and a straight chain carbon chain, has stronger hydrophobic property.
In the invention, hydrogen-based silsesquioxane is selected as a film forming agent. Hydrogen-based silsesquioxane, CAS number 281-50-5, an inorganic core composed of a silicon-oxygen skeleton alternately connected with Si-O, wherein Si atoms are connected with hydrogen bonds at eight vertex angles, the shape of the inorganic core is like a cage, the distance between the Si atoms is 0.5nm, the distance between the hydrogen bonds is 1.5nm, and the inorganic core belongs to a nano compound. The cage-type frame structure makes it have good elasticity, and the elasticity of the cage can play a role similar to a marble. The inorganic core composed of the silicon-oxygen skeleton alternatively connected by Si-O can inhibit the chain motion of polymer molecules so as to endow the hybrid material with good thermal stability, mechanical property, hydrophobicity and flame retardance. The three-dimensional size is in the range of nanometer scale, is a typical nanometer compound, and has the small-size effect of nanometer particles and the surface and interface effect, thereby having stronger hydrophobic property. The water-soluble polyurethane resin is used as a film forming agent in the invention and has stronger hydrophobic property.
The invention adopts main hydrophobic agent waxy alkyl ketene dimer, fluorine-containing ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione compound containing five-membered anhydride ring, and mixes with film forming solution consisting of film forming agent hydrogen silsesquioxane and nonionic surfactant nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10, and the prepared hydrophobic agent forms a hydrophobic film on the surface of a cementing layer wrapping aggregate; the film-forming agent adopts a cage-type framework structure of hydrogen silsesquioxane, so that the film-forming agent has good elasticity; the fluorine-containing group of the ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer has good friction performance; the waxy alkyl ketene dimer has a plurality of tiny waxy particles which can promote the movement of water molecules; the 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione has a hydrophobic five-membered anhydride ring and a straight chain carbon chain, and the coordination among the raw materials ensures that water can more smoothly pass through the internal pore canal of the concrete, the retention phenomenon in the concrete can not occur, and the hydrophobic property is excellent.
The invention also discloses a building hydrophobing agent prepared by the method.
The invention also discloses pervious concrete, which comprises 0.1-2 wt% of the building hydrophobing agent.
Further, the pervious concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 470-520 kg of cement, 1300-1600 kg of coarse aggregate, 100-140 kg of water, 30-80 kg of mineral powder, 40-110 kg of silica fume, 4-5 kg of water reducing agent, 3-5 kg of building hydrophobing agent and 20-60 kg of organic fiber.
The water reducing agent is one or a combination of a plurality of polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent, naphthalene water reducing agent, aliphatic water reducing agent and sulfamic acid water reducing agent.
The organic fiber is one or more of polypropylene fiber, polyvinyl alcohol fiber, nylon fiber, polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, high-strength high-modulus polyethylene fiber and polyacrylonitrile fiber.
The coarse aggregate is natural coarse aggregate and/or recycled coarse aggregate.
The pervious concrete produced by adopting the building hydrophobic agent of the invention has the advantages that the hydrophobic agent is doped to enable the cementing layer wrapping the aggregate to generate a water-resistant structure, so that a lotus leaf hydrophobic effect is formed, the permeable pores can be prevented from being blocked, and the permeability durability is effectively improved.
Detailed Description
The disclosure may be understood more readily by reference to the following detailed description of preferred embodiments of the invention and the examples included therein. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. In case of conflict, the present specification, including definitions, will control.
A preparation method of a building hydrophobing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) performing ultrasonic treatment on alkyl ketene dimer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione and ethanol at the frequency of 40-100kHz and the power of 300-800W for 20-40min at room temperature, and then performing magnetic stirring at the speed of 500-1000rpm for 10-30min to obtain modified wax liquid; the mass ratio of the alkyl ketene dimer, the ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, the 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione and the ethanol is (1-3): (4-8): (1-3): 20;
(2) mixing hydrogen silsesquioxane and nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 with water at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 500-1500rpm for 10-30min to obtain a film forming solution; the hydrogen silsesquioxane, the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 and the water are mixed according to the mass ratio of (6-10): (1-3): 100, respectively;
(3) mixing the modified wax liquid and the film forming liquid at room temperature, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20-40min under the conditions of the frequency of 40-100kHz and the power of 300-; the mass ratio of the modified wax liquid to the film forming liquid is (10-30): 100.
the invention adopts main hydrophobic agent alkyl ketene dimer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione for compounding, and mixes with film forming solution consisting of film forming agent hydrogen silsesquioxane and nonionic surfactant nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10, the prepared hydrophobic agent can form a hydrophobic film on the surface of a cementing layer wrapping aggregate, the cage-shaped frame structure of the film forming agent hydrogen silsesquioxane enables the hydrophobic agent to have good elasticity, the ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer has good friction performance, water can pass through the inner pore channel of concrete more smoothly, the retention phenomenon in the concrete can not be generated, and the hydrophobic performance is excellent.
Alkyl ketene dimer, CAS number 144245-85-2, Yiqu chemical Co., Ltd, Taian, product number YK-2019-28 alkyl ketene dimer AKD wax powder.
Ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, CAS No. 65324-12-1, U.S. 3M company No. J24 PTFE micropowder.
3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione, CAS number 2561-85-5, having the following specific structural formula:
hydrogen silsesquioxane with CAS number 281-50-5, and the specific structural formula is as follows:
nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10, CAS No.: 9016-45-9, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 from Huasheng Source New Material Co., Ltd, Huizhou.
The cement is high-alumina cement, the fineness of the cement is 45%, the factory standard P.O.32.5, the content of magnesium oxide is 0.3%, and the main component is silicate.
The natural coarse aggregate adopts cobble provided by Shenzhen Lufa Pengcheng environmental protection science and technology Limited, the specification is 10mm, and the standard GB/T25177-2010 is implemented.
Mineral powder, provided by Jinqian mineral processing factories of Lingshou county, model S95, 60-68% of iron, and 0.1-0.15 micron of particle size.
The silicon ash is provided by Shandong Boken silicon material Co, the silicon content is more than 95 percent, and the particle size is 0.1-0.15 micron.
Naphthalene water reducer, model PDN-C, brown yellow powder, industrial grade, provided by chemical technology, Inc. in Jinnanqing.
Polypropylene fiber, available from shinkan-sho technologies, 6mm in length and 10 μm in diameter.
Example 1
A preparation method of a building hydrophobing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) performing ultrasonic treatment on alkyl ketene dimer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione and ethanol at the frequency of 60kHz and the power of 500W for 30min at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 800rpm for 20min to obtain modified wax liquid;
the mass ratio of alkyl ketene dimer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione to ethanol is 2: 6: 2: 20.
(2) mixing hydrogen-based silsesquioxane and nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 with water at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 1000rpm for 20min to obtain a film forming solution;
the hydrogen silsesquioxane, the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 and the water are mixed according to a mass ratio of 8: 2: 100.
(3) mixing the modified wax liquid and the film forming liquid at room temperature, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min under the conditions of 60kHz frequency and 500W power, and then carrying out magnetic stirring for 30min at 1500rpm to obtain the building hydrophobing agent;
the mass ratio of the modified wax liquid to the film forming liquid is 20: 100.
example 2
A preparation method of a building hydrophobing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) performing ultrasonic treatment on alkyl ketene dimer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer and ethanol at the frequency of 60kHz and the power of 500W for 30min at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 800rpm for 20min to obtain modified wax liquid;
the mass ratio of the alkyl ketene dimer to the ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer to the ethanol is 2: 8: 20.
(2) mixing hydrogen-based silsesquioxane and nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 with water at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 1000rpm for 20min to obtain a film forming solution;
the hydrogen silsesquioxane, the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 and the water are mixed according to a mass ratio of 8: 2: 100.
(3) mixing the modified wax liquid and the film forming liquid at room temperature, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min under the conditions of 60kHz frequency and 500W power, and then carrying out magnetic stirring for 30min at 1500rpm to obtain the building hydrophobing agent;
the mass ratio of the modified wax liquid to the film forming liquid is 20: 100.
example 3
A preparation method of a building hydrophobing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) performing ultrasonic treatment on alkyl ketene dimer, 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione and ethanol at the frequency of 60kHz and the power of 500W for 30min at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 800rpm for 20min to obtain modified wax liquid;
the mass ratio of the alkyl ketene dimer to the 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione to the ethanol is 2: 8: 20.
(2) mixing hydrogen-based silsesquioxane and nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 with water at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 1000rpm for 20min to obtain a film forming solution;
the hydrogen silsesquioxane, the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 and the water are mixed according to a mass ratio of 8: 2: 100.
(3) mixing the modified wax liquid and the film forming liquid at room temperature, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min under the conditions of 60kHz frequency and 500W power, and then carrying out magnetic stirring for 30min at 1500rpm to obtain the building hydrophobing agent;
the mass ratio of the modified wax liquid to the film forming liquid is 20: 100.
example 4
A preparation method of a building hydrophobing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) performing ultrasonic treatment on an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione and ethanol at the frequency of 60kHz and the power of 500W for 30min at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 800rpm for 20min to obtain a modified wax liquid;
the mass ratio of the ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer to the 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione to the ethanol is 6: 4: 20.
(2) mixing hydrogen-based silsesquioxane and nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 with water at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 1000rpm for 20min to obtain a film forming solution;
the hydrogen silsesquioxane, the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 and the water are mixed according to a mass ratio of 8: 2: 100.
(3) mixing the modified wax liquid and the film forming liquid at room temperature, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min under the conditions of 60kHz frequency and 500W power, and then carrying out magnetic stirring for 30min at 1500rpm to obtain the building hydrophobing agent;
the mass ratio of the modified wax liquid to the film forming liquid is 20: 100.
example 5
A preparation method of a building hydrophobing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) performing ultrasonic treatment on alkyl ketene dimer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer and ethanol at the frequency of 60kHz and the power of 500W for 30min at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 800rpm for 20min to obtain modified wax liquid;
the mass ratio of the alkyl ketene dimer to the ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer to the ethanol is 4: 6: 20.
(2) mixing hydrogen-based silsesquioxane and nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 with water at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 1000rpm for 20min to obtain a film forming solution;
the hydrogen silsesquioxane, the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 and the water are mixed according to a mass ratio of 8: 2: 100.
(3) mixing the modified wax liquid and the film forming liquid at room temperature, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min under the conditions of 60kHz frequency and 500W power, and then carrying out magnetic stirring for 30min at 1500rpm to obtain the building hydrophobing agent;
the mass ratio of the modified wax liquid to the film forming liquid is 20: 100.
example 6
A preparation method of a building hydrophobing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) performing ultrasonic treatment on an ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione and ethanol at the frequency of 60kHz and the power of 500W for 30min at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 800rpm for 20min to obtain a modified wax liquid;
the mass ratio of the ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer to the 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione to the ethanol is 8: 2: 20.
(2) mixing hydrogen-based silsesquioxane and nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 with water at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 1000rpm for 20min to obtain a film forming solution;
the hydrogen silsesquioxane, the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 and the water are mixed according to a mass ratio of 8: 2: 100.
(3) mixing the modified wax liquid and the film forming liquid at room temperature, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min under the conditions of 60kHz frequency and 500W power, and then carrying out magnetic stirring for 30min at 1500rpm to obtain the building hydrophobing agent;
the mass ratio of the modified wax liquid to the film forming liquid is 20: 100.
example 7
A preparation method of a building hydrophobing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) performing ultrasonic treatment on alkyl ketene dimer, 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione and ethanol at the frequency of 60kHz and the power of 500W for 30min at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 800rpm for 20min to obtain modified wax liquid;
the mass ratio of the alkyl ketene dimer to the 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione to the ethanol is 8: 2: 20.
(2) mixing hydrogen-based silsesquioxane and nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 with water at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 1000rpm for 20min to obtain a film forming solution;
the hydrogen silsesquioxane, the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 and the water are mixed according to a mass ratio of 8: 2: 100.
(3) mixing the modified wax liquid and the film forming liquid at room temperature, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min under the conditions of 60kHz frequency and 500W power, and then carrying out magnetic stirring for 30min at 1500rpm to obtain the building hydrophobing agent;
the mass ratio of the modified wax liquid to the film forming liquid is 20: 100.
example 8
A preparation method of a building hydrophobing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) performing ultrasonic treatment on alkyl ketene dimer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione and ethanol at the frequency of 60kHz and the power of 500W for 30min at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 800rpm for 20min to obtain modified wax liquid;
the mass ratio of alkyl ketene dimer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione to ethanol is 2: 6: 2: 20.
(2) mixing nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 with water at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 1000rpm for 20min to obtain a film forming solution;
the mass ratio of the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 to water is 2: 100.
(3) mixing the modified wax liquid and the film forming liquid at room temperature, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min under the conditions of 60kHz frequency and 500W power, and then carrying out magnetic stirring for 30min at 1500rpm to obtain the building hydrophobing agent;
the mass ratio of the modified wax liquid to the film forming liquid is 20: 100.
example 9
A preparation method of a building hydrophobing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) performing ultrasonic treatment on alkyl ketene dimer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione and ethanol at the frequency of 60kHz and the power of 500W for 30min at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 800rpm for 20min to obtain modified wax liquid;
the mass ratio of alkyl ketene dimer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione to ethanol is 2: 6: 2: 20.
(2) mixing hydrogen-based silsesquioxane with water at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 1000rpm for 20min to obtain a film forming solution;
the mass ratio of hydrogen-based silsesquioxane to water is 8: 100.
(3) mixing the modified wax liquid and the film forming liquid at room temperature, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min under the conditions of 60kHz frequency and 500W power, and then carrying out magnetic stirring for 30min at 1500rpm to obtain the building hydrophobing agent;
the mass ratio of the modified wax liquid to the film forming liquid is 20: 100.
example 10
A preparation method of a building hydrophobing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) performing ultrasonic treatment on alkyl ketene dimer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione and ethanol at the frequency of 60kHz and the power of 500W for 30min at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 800rpm for 20min to obtain modified wax liquid;
the mass ratio of alkyl ketene dimer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione to ethanol is 2: 6: 2: 20.
(2) mixing gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (silane coupling agent KH550) and nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 with water at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 1000rpm for 20min to obtain a film forming solution;
the gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 and the water are mixed according to a mass ratio of 8: 2: 100.
(3) mixing the modified wax liquid and the film forming liquid at room temperature, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min under the conditions of 60kHz frequency and 500W power, and then carrying out magnetic stirring for 30min at 1500rpm to obtain the building hydrophobing agent;
the mass ratio of the modified wax liquid to the film forming liquid is 20: 100.
example 11
The pervious concrete comprises the following raw materials: 498kg of cement, 1360kg of natural coarse aggregate, 120kg of water, 53kg of mineral powder, 70kg of silica fume, 4kg of naphthalene water reducing agent, 4kg of the constructional hydrophobing agent of the embodiment 1 and 50kg of polypropylene fiber.
The pervious concrete is prepared by the following method: when feeding materials, firstly adding cement, mineral powder and silica fume, adding 50% of water, and stirring for 30 seconds at 10 revolutions per minute; adding a building hydrophobing agent, and stirring at 10 revolutions per minute for 30 seconds; adding natural coarse aggregate, and stirring at 10 revolutions per minute for 30 seconds; then adding polypropylene fiber and a naphthalene water reducing agent, and stirring for 60 seconds at 10 revolutions per minute; the remaining 50% of the water was added, stirred at 10 rpm for 120 seconds and discharged.
Example 12
The pervious concrete comprises the following raw materials: 498kg of cement, 1360kg of natural coarse aggregate, 120kg of water, 53kg of mineral powder, 70kg of silica fume, 4kg of naphthalene water reducing agent, 4kg of the constructional hydrophobing agent of the embodiment 2 and 50kg of polypropylene fiber.
The pervious concrete is prepared by the following method: when feeding materials, firstly adding cement, mineral powder and silica fume, adding 50% of water, and stirring for 30 seconds at 10 revolutions per minute; adding a building hydrophobing agent, and stirring at 10 revolutions per minute for 30 seconds; adding natural coarse aggregate, and stirring at 10 revolutions per minute for 30 seconds; then adding polypropylene fiber and a naphthalene water reducing agent, and stirring for 60 seconds at 10 revolutions per minute; the remaining 50% of the water was added, stirred at 10 rpm for 120 seconds and discharged.
Example 13
The pervious concrete comprises the following raw materials: 498kg of cement, 1360kg of natural coarse aggregate, 120kg of water, 53kg of mineral powder, 70kg of silica fume, 4kg of naphthalene water reducing agent, 4kg of the constructional hydrophobing agent of the embodiment 3 and 50kg of polypropylene fiber.
The pervious concrete is prepared by the following method: when feeding materials, firstly adding cement, mineral powder and silica fume, adding 50% of water, and stirring for 30 seconds at 10 revolutions per minute; adding a building hydrophobing agent, and stirring at 10 revolutions per minute for 30 seconds; adding natural coarse aggregate, and stirring at 10 revolutions per minute for 30 seconds; then adding polypropylene fiber and a naphthalene water reducing agent, and stirring for 60 seconds at 10 revolutions per minute; the remaining 50% of the water was added, stirred at 10 rpm for 120 seconds and discharged.
Example 14
The pervious concrete comprises the following raw materials: 498kg of cement, 1360kg of natural coarse aggregate, 120kg of water, 53kg of mineral powder, 70kg of silica fume, 4kg of naphthalene water reducing agent, 4kg of the constructional hydrophobing agent of the embodiment 10 and 50kg of polypropylene fiber.
The pervious concrete is prepared by the following method: when feeding materials, firstly adding cement, mineral powder and silica fume, adding 50% of water, and stirring for 30 seconds at 10 revolutions per minute; adding a building hydrophobing agent, and stirring at 10 revolutions per minute for 30 seconds; adding natural coarse aggregate, and stirring at 10 revolutions per minute for 30 seconds; then adding polypropylene fiber and a naphthalene water reducing agent, and stirring for 60 seconds at 10 revolutions per minute; the remaining 50% of the water was added, stirred at 10 rpm for 120 seconds and discharged.
Test example 1
The building hydrophobing agent is sprayed on a tin plate with the size of 300mm multiplied by 25mm multiplied by 0.3mm, and is dried for 1 hour at the temperature of 90 ℃, and the thickness of the film is 10 microns.
The test is carried out by referring to the measurement of the contact angle of the plastic film and water in the coating industry standard GB/T30693-2014.
And selecting a water drop projection contact angle measuring instrument as test equipment, and controlling the water drop to transfer and then measuring the contact angle in 60S.
A contact angle <90 deg. indicates that the surface of the solid is hydrophilic, i.e. the liquid wets the solid more easily, and a smaller angle indicates better wettability.
Contact angles >90 deg. the solid surface is hydrophobic, i.e. liquids do not easily wet the solid and move easily over the surface.
The contact angle is larger than 150 degrees, and the solid surface has super-hydrophobic property.
Example 1 compares with example 10, the difference is that example 1 adopts hydrogen-based silsesquioxane as film forming agent, and its cage-type framework structure makes it have good elasticity, the elasticity of "cage" can act like "marble", the inorganic core composed of silicon-oxygen skeleton with Si-O alternate connection can inhibit the chain motion of polymer molecules to endow the hybrid material with good hydrophobicity. The gamma-aminopropyl triethoxysilane used in example 10 lacks an elastic cage-type framework structure in structure, and the hydrophobic property is obviously reduced.
Test example 2
The permeability coefficient of the pervious concrete of example 11 was determined according to CJJ/T135-2009 technical Specification for pervious cement concrete pavements.
The water permeability instrument adopts a water head fixing method, and concretely adopts a water permeability instrument of ST-A type provided by a county department high-speed rail instrument and equipment factory.
Preparing a sample: a cylinder having a diameter of 100mm and a height of 50mm was prepared as a sample.
The test steps are as follows:
(1) measuring the diameter (D) and the thickness (L) of the cylindrical sample by using a steel ruler, respectively measuring twice, taking an average value, accurately measuring to 0.1cm, and calculating the surface area (A) on the sample;
(2) sealing the periphery of the sample by using a sealing material or other methods to ensure that the sample is not leaked with water, and the water only permeates from the upper surface and the lower surface of the sample;
(3) after the sealing material is solidified, putting the sample into a vacuum device, vacuumizing for 90 to +/-1 kPa, and keeping for 30 min. And (3) while maintaining the vacuum, adding enough water to cover the sample, enabling the water level to be 10cm higher than the sample, stopping vacuumizing, soaking for 20 minutes, taking out the sample, loading the sample into a water permeability coefficient test device, and connecting and sealing the sample and the water permeability cylinder. Putting the container into an overflow water tank, opening a water supply valve to enable no-air water to enter the container, adjusting water inflow when water flows out of an overflow hole of the overflow water tank, enabling a water permeable cylinder to keep the water level about 150mm, after the water flows of an overflow port of the overflow water tank and an overflow port of the water permeable cylinder are stable, receiving water from a water outlet by using a measuring cylinder, and recording the water flow (Q) flowing out for 5 minutes;
(4) and measuring the difference (H) between the water level of the water permeable cylinder and the water level of the overflow water tank by using a steel ruler to be accurate to 0.1 cm. The temperature (T) of the water in the overflow sump of the test was measured with a thermometer to the nearest 0.5 ℃.
The water permeability coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:
K＝QL/AHt；
in the formula, the water permeability coefficient of the sample when the K-water temperature is T ℃ is in units of centimeters per second (cm/s); q-the amount of water permeated in milliliters (mL) over time, t seconds; l-the thickness of the sample, in centimeters (cm); a-area of the upper surface of the sample in square centimeters (cm)2) (ii) a H-water head, in centimeters (cm); t-time in seconds(s).
The T was set to 15 ℃ in the test. 10 samples were taken and the average was taken as the final test result.
| Coefficient of water permeability, cm/s | |
| Example 11 | 0.279 |
| Example 12 | 0.224 |
| Example 13 | 0.205 |
| Example 14 | 0.189 |
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, as any modification, equivalent replacement or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A preparation method of a building hydrophobing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing alkyl ketene dimer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione and ethanol to obtain modified wax liquid; the mass ratio of the alkyl ketene dimer, the ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, the 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione and the ethanol is (1-3): (4-8): (1-3): 20;
(2) mixing hydrogen-based silsesquioxane, nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 and water to obtain a film forming solution; the hydrogen silsesquioxane, the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 and the water are mixed according to the mass ratio of (6-10): (1-3): 100, respectively;
(3) mixing the modified wax liquid and the film forming liquid to obtain the building hydrophobic agent; the mass ratio of the modified wax liquid to the film forming liquid is (10-30): 100.
2. a preparation method of a building hydrophobing agent comprises the following steps:
(1) performing ultrasonic treatment on alkyl ketene dimer, ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione and ethanol at the frequency of 40-100kHz and the power of 300-800W for 20-40min at room temperature, and then performing magnetic stirring at the speed of 500-1000rpm for 10-30min to obtain modified wax liquid; the mass ratio of the alkyl ketene dimer, the ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene copolymer, the 3-dodecyl dihydro-2, 5-furandione and the ethanol is (1-3): (4-8): (1-3): 20;
(2) mixing hydrogen silsesquioxane and nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 with water at room temperature, and magnetically stirring at 500-1500rpm for 10-30min to obtain a film forming solution; the hydrogen silsesquioxane, the nonylphenol polyoxyethylene ether NP-10 and the water are mixed according to the mass ratio of (6-10): (1-3): 100, respectively;
(3) mixing the modified wax liquid and the film forming liquid at room temperature, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 20-40min under the conditions of the frequency of 40-100kHz and the power of 300-; the mass ratio of the modified wax liquid to the film forming liquid is (10-30): 100.
3. a water repellent agent for construction, characterized by being prepared by the method described in claims 1 and 2.
4. A pervious concrete characterized in that its raw material contains 0.1 to 2% by weight of the water repellent agent for construction according to claim 3.
5. The pervious concrete of claim 4, prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 470-520 kg of cement, 1300-1600 kg of coarse aggregate, 100-140 kg of water, 30-80 kg of mineral powder, 40-110 kg of silica fume, 4-5 kg of water reducing agent, 3-5 kg of building hydrophobing agent according to claim 3 and 20-60 kg of organic fiber.
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