CN111907331A - Thermal runaway early warning system and method for battery pack of electric vehicle - Google Patents
Thermal runaway early warning system and method for battery pack of electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005059 dormancy Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 15
- 230000007958 sleep Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000003745 diagnosis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
- B60L3/0023—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train
- B60L3/0046—Detecting, eliminating, remedying or compensating for drive train abnormalities, e.g. failures within the drive train relating to electric energy storage systems, e.g. batteries or capacitors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a thermal runaway early warning system and method for an electric vehicle battery pack. The thermal runaway early warning system for the battery pack of the electric automobile comprises a pressure detection module, a warning module and a warning module, wherein the pressure detection module is used for detecting the pressure of the battery pack of the electric automobile; the control module is used for sending out a warning signal of thermal runaway of the battery pack and outputting state information of the battery pack if the thermal runaway fault of the battery pack occurs according to the pressure data detected by the pressure detection module; the awakening module is used for awakening the battery management module and feeding back the signal transmission state of the battery management module to the control module; the battery management module is used for feeding back a wakened signal to the control module through the wakening feedback module after the battery management module is wakened; and the signal modulation module is used for modulating the state information of the battery pack, sending the state information to the battery management module and feeding the transmission state of the signal modulation module back to the control module. The invention can immediately perform early warning by the control module when finding out the thermal runaway fault, and confirm the reliability of output by the feedback signal, thereby performing early warning timely, effectively and accurately.
Description
Technical Field
The embodiment of the invention relates to the technical field of battery management, in particular to a thermal runaway early warning system and method for an electric vehicle battery pack.
Background
Under the large environment of energy conservation and emission reduction, the new energy electric automobile is rapidly developed. The increase of the application of automobile power batteries and energy storage batteries leads the safety problem of the automobile battery pack to be more and more prominent. The power battery pack of the electric automobile has serious consequences caused by thermal runaway, and the safety accidents of vehicle damage and people death are often caused. Therefore, the early warning of the thermal runaway of the battery pack is very important.
In the prior art, thermal runaway diagnosis is generally carried out by detecting the temperature of a battery pack, the concentration of thermal runaway gas, the pressure, the concentration of smoke and the like, and 24-hour monitoring is realized by adopting a thermal runaway wake-up circuit. However, if a fault occurs in the wake-up circuit, the reliability of the detection and output will be affected.
The existing electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway monitoring scheme is easy to cause the situations of missing report and misinformation.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a thermal runaway early warning system and method for an electric vehicle battery pack, which are used for timely, effectively and accurately sending out early warning information when thermal runaway occurs in an electric vehicle, and providing precious time for safe evacuation of drivers and passengers.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an early warning system for thermal runaway of an electric vehicle battery pack, where the early warning system for thermal runaway of an electric vehicle battery pack includes a pressure detection module, a control module, a wake-up feedback module, a signal modulation module, and a battery management module;
the pressure detection module is positioned in the battery pack of the electric automobile, and the output end of the pressure detection module is electrically connected with the control module; the pressure detection module is used for detecting the pressure of the battery pack of the electric automobile;
the control module is used for judging whether the battery pack of the electric automobile has a thermal runaway fault according to the pressure data detected by the pressure detection module, and if so, sending out a warning signal of the thermal runaway of the battery pack of the electric automobile and outputting battery pack state information;
the input end and the first output end of the awakening module are electrically connected with the control module, and the second output end of the awakening module is electrically connected with the battery management module; the awakening module is used for awakening the battery management module and feeding back the self signal transmission state to the control module;
the input end of the awakening feedback module is electrically connected with the battery management module, the output end of the awakening feedback module is electrically connected with the control module, and the battery management module is used for feeding back awakened signals to the control module through the awakening feedback module after awakening;
the battery pack state information output by the control module is modulated and sent to the battery management module, and the signal transmission state of the battery pack is fed back to the control module.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a method for warning thermal runaway of a battery pack of an electric vehicle, which is applied to a system for warning thermal runaway of a battery pack of an electric vehicle provided in any embodiment of the present invention, and the method includes:
the pressure detection module collects pressure data in the battery pack of the electric automobile and transmits the pressure data to the control module;
the control module monitors according to a preset time interval, when the battery pack is determined to be abnormal according to the pressure data, the battery pack thermal runaway early warning of the electric automobile is carried out, and the battery management module is awakened through the awakening module and outputs battery pack state information;
after the battery management module is awakened, an awakened signal is fed back to the control module through an awakening feedback module;
the control module transmits the battery pack state information to the battery management module through a signal modulation module;
the awakening module feeds back the self signal transmission state to the control module, and the signal modulation module feeds back the self signal transmission state to the control module.
In the embodiment of the invention, the control module sends out an early warning signal and outputs the state information of the battery pack when determining that the battery pack of the electric automobile has a thermal runaway fault according to the pressure data detected by the pressure detection module, so that the early warning can be timely carried out when the battery pack has the thermal runaway fault; after the battery management module is awakened, an awakened signal is fed back to the control module through the awakening feedback module, and the awakening module and the signal modulation module both feed back the self signal transmission state to the control module, so that whether the working state of each module is normal or not can be judged to confirm the reliability of output; the problem of missing report and misinformation is solved, and early warning is timely, effectively and accurately carried out.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway warning system for a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway early warning system for a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway early warning system for a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a wake-up feedback module in a thermal runaway early warning system for a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a wake-up module in a thermal runaway early warning system for a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a signal modulation module in a thermal runaway early warning system for a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a signal modulation module in another early warning system for thermal runaway of a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic flow chart of a method for warning thermal runaway of a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not limiting of the invention. It should be further noted that, for the convenience of description, only some of the structures related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, not all of the structures.
Example one
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway early warning system for a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the thermal runaway early warning system for the battery pack of the electric vehicle comprises: the pressure detection module 100, the control module 110, the wake-up module 120, the wake-up feedback module 130, the signal modulation module 140 and the battery management module 150;
the pressure detection module 100 is positioned in the battery pack of the electric automobile, and the output end of the pressure detection module 100 is electrically connected with the control module 110; the pressure detection module 100 is used for detecting the pressure of the battery pack of the electric vehicle.
The battery pack can release a large amount of gas when thermal runaway occurs, so that the internal pressure of the battery pack is increased, and pressure data in the battery pack can be acquired through the pressure detection module.
For example, the pressure detecting module 100 may be a pressure sensor, which may employ a high-precision pressure sensing device mature in the prior art, and capable of detecting the pressure in the battery pack in real time.
The control module 110 is configured to determine whether a thermal runaway fault occurs in the battery pack of the electric vehicle according to the pressure data detected by the pressure detection module 100, and if so, send an early warning signal of the thermal runaway of the battery pack of the electric vehicle and output battery pack status information.
The specific selection of the processor of the control module 110 in this embodiment may be set according to the user requirement, as long as the functions of thermal runaway fault identification, early warning, and battery pack status information output can be achieved. Alternatively, the control module 110 is a micro control unit, which may be a micro control unit in an original control system of the vehicle, or a newly added micro control unit having the above functions.
The input end and the first output end of the wake-up module 120 are both electrically connected with the control module 110, and the second output end of the wake-up module 120 is electrically connected with the battery management module 150; the wake-up module 120 is configured to wake up the battery management module 150 and feed back a signal transmission status thereof to the control module 110;
the input end of the wake-up feedback module 130 is electrically connected with the battery management module 150, the output end of the wake-up feedback module 130 is electrically connected with the control module 110, and the battery management module 150 is used for feeding back a wake-up signal to the control module 110 through the wake-up feedback module 130 after wake-up;
the input end and the first output end of the signal modulation module 140 are both electrically connected to the control module 110, the second output end of the signal modulation module 140 is electrically connected to the battery management module 150, and the signal modulation module 140 is configured to modulate the battery pack state information output by the control module 110 and send the battery pack state information to the battery management module 150, and feed back the signal transmission state of the signal modulation module 140 to the control module 110.
The pressure detection module 100 detects pressure data in the battery pack and transmits the pressure data to the control module 110 through the output end of the pressure detection module 100, the control module judges whether a thermal runaway fault occurs in the battery pack of the electric vehicle according to the pressure data, if the thermal runaway fault occurs in the battery pack is determined, the control module 110 immediately sends out an early warning signal to generate state information of the battery pack and awakens a part of the battery management module 150 for processing the thermal runaway fault through a second output end of the awakening module 120, after the battery management module 150 is awakened, the awakened signal is transmitted to the control module 110 through the awakening feedback module 130, and after the control module 110 receives the awakened signal, the state information of the battery pack is transmitted to the battery management module 150 through a second output end of the signal modulation module 140; then, the wake-up module 120 feeds back the transmission status of its own signal to the control module 110 through its first output terminal, and the signal modulation module 140 feeds back the transmission status of its own signal to the control module 110 through its first output terminal, so as to determine whether the wake-up module 120 and the signal modulation module 140 are working normally and whether a correct signal is output.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment, the pressure detection module is used for collecting the pressure data of the battery pack of the electric automobile, the control module is used for sending out an early warning signal immediately when the battery pack is determined to have a thermal runaway fault and outputting the state information of the battery pack, and the early warning can be timely carried out when the battery pack has the thermal runaway fault; after the battery management module is awakened, an awakened signal is fed back to the control module through the awakening feedback module, and the awakening module and the signal modulation module both feed back the self signal transmission state to the control module, so that whether the working state of each module is normal or not can be judged to confirm the reliability of output; the battery pack thermal runaway fault can be timely, effectively and accurately early warned.
Example two
Based on the above embodiment, the embodiment is added with an enabling control end of a pressure detection module, and fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway early warning system for a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Referring to fig. 2, the same or corresponding terms as those of the above embodiment are explained, and the description of this embodiment is omitted.
The pressure detection module 100 in the electric vehicle battery pack thermal runaway early warning system further comprises an enabling control end, and the enabling control end is electrically connected with the control module 110; the control module 110 is configured to disable the pressure detection module 100 through the enable control terminal when the control module 110 is dormant, and enable the pressure detection module 100 through the enable control terminal when the control module 110 is working.
Specifically, the control module 110 detects the pressure data according to a predetermined time interval, where the predetermined time interval may be set according to implementation requirements in a specific application, and the size of the time interval is not limited in this embodiment. For example, the control module 110 may sleep for 500ms and detect for 10ms to meet the requirement of low power consumption without affecting the real-time performance of detection. Meanwhile, when the control module 110 is dormant, the control module 110 disables the pressure detection module 100 through the enable control terminal of the pressure detection module 100, and when the control module 110 is working, the control module 110 enables the pressure detection module 100 through the enable control terminal, so as to further achieve the purpose of reducing power consumption.
The wake feedback module 130 is further configured to wake the control module 110 through the wake feedback module 130 when the control module 110 is in a sleep state.
When the control module 110 is in the sleep state, if the battery management module 150 needs to acquire the battery pack state information, the battery management module 150 may transmit a wake-up signal to the control module 110 through the wake-up feedback module 130, wake up the control module 110, then the control module 110 enables the pressure detection module 100 through an enable control end of the pressure detection module 100, so that the pressure detection module 100 starts to work and transmits the detected pressure data to the control module 110, the control module 110 transmits the battery pack state information to the battery management module 150 through the signal modulation module 140, and the signal modulation module 140 feeds back the transmission state of its own signal to the control module 110 through a first output end thereof.
The wake-up mechanism can wake up the control module 110 in time during sleep and detect and output the status information of the battery pack to meet the real-time requirement of the status detection of the battery pack, and the signal modulation module 140 feeds back the signal transmission status of itself to the control module 110, thereby confirming the accuracy and reliability of the output signal.
In the technical scheme of this embodiment, judging whether the thermal runaway fault occurs in the electric vehicle battery pack according to the pressure data detected by the pressure detection module includes:
if the control module detects that the pressure data meet at least one fault condition, determining that the thermal runaway fault occurs in the battery pack of the electric automobile;
the fault conditions include:
the pressure data is greater than a first set threshold;
or the difference value of the two adjacent pressure data is greater than a second set threshold value;
or the maximum value of the difference value of any two times of pressure data in a specified time is larger than a third set threshold value.
The first set threshold, the second set threshold, and the third set threshold may be set according to implementation requirements in specific applications, and the size of the first set threshold, the size of the second set threshold, and the size of the third set threshold are not limited in this embodiment. Alternatively, the second set threshold and the third set threshold may be the same value. When the pressure data satisfies at least one of the above-described fault conditions, it may be determined that the thermal runaway fault has occurred in the battery pack.
Further, if it is detected that the values of two or more pressure data are identical, it is determined that the pressure detection module 100 has a fault, and the control module 110 issues a fault warning and outputs fault information through the signal modulation module 140.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment, the control module monitors the thermal runaway of the battery pack in a low power consumption state through a dormancy detection mechanism; the real-time performance of the battery pack state detection is met through the awakening mechanism of the battery management module to the control module; when the pressure data of the battery pack meets the fault condition, corresponding early warning signals are generated and fault information is output, the situations of missing report and false report are prevented, and the reliability of detection and early warning is improved.
EXAMPLE III
The embodiment is based on the above embodiment, and an anti-reverse connection module and a voltage stabilizing module are added on the basis of the above embodiment, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a thermal runaway early warning system for a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention; fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a wake-up feedback module in a thermal runaway early warning system for a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention; fig. 5 is a circuit diagram of a wake-up module in a thermal runaway early warning system for a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention; fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a signal modulation module in a thermal runaway early warning system for a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention; fig. 7 is a circuit diagram of a signal modulation module in another early warning system for thermal runaway of a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to a third embodiment of the present invention; referring to fig. 3 to 7, the same or corresponding terms as those of the above embodiments are explained, and the description of the embodiment is omitted.
As shown in fig. 3, the thermal runaway early warning system for the battery pack of the electric vehicle further includes an anti-reverse connection module 160 and a voltage stabilizing module 170; the input terminal of the reverse connection prevention module 160 is electrically connected to the battery management module 150, and the output terminal of the reverse connection prevention module 160 is electrically connected to the input terminal of the voltage stabilization module 170.
The reverse connection prevention module 160 is used for preventing the damage of elements in the system caused by the reverse connection of the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply.
The voltage stabilizing module 170 is a low dropout regulator, and is configured to uninterruptedly supply power to the control module 110 and the pressure detecting module 100; a first output terminal of the voltage stabilization module 170 is electrically connected to the control module 110, and a second output terminal of the voltage stabilization module 170 is electrically connected to the pressure detection module 100.
Specifically, the voltage stabilizing module 170 continuously supplies power to the control module 110 and the pressure detecting module 100, so as to monitor the pressure in the battery pack in real time for 24 hours and perform abnormality diagnosis.
As shown in fig. 4, in the warning system for thermal runaway of a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention, the wake-up feedback module 130 may include a first zener diode D1, a first capacitor C1, a first triode T1, a first pull-up power source VS1, and a first pull-up resistor RS 1; a first end of the first zener diode D1 is electrically connected with the input terminal REQUEST-IN of the wake-up feedback module, and a second end of the first zener diode D1 is grounded; a first end of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to the input terminal REQUEST-IN of the wake-up feedback module and a first end of the first transistor T1, respectively, and a second end of the first capacitor C1 is electrically connected to ground and a second end of the first transistor T1, respectively; the third end of the first triode T1 is electrically connected with the second end of the first pull-up resistor RS 1; a first end of the first pull-up resistor RS1 is electrically connected with a first pull-up power VS 1; the output terminal REQUEST-OUT of the wake-up feedback module is connected between the third terminal of the first transistor T1 and the second terminal of the first pull-up resistor RS 1.
The first pull-up power source VS1 outputs a high potential, the first zener diode D1 is configured to limit a voltage amplitude of the first end of the first transistor T1, so as to prevent breakdown, and the first capacitor C1 is configured to filter noise of an input signal, so as to ensure a stable operation of the first transistor T1. The input terminal REQUEST-IN of the wake-up feedback module receives a signal from the battery management module 150, when the input terminal REQUEST-IN of the wake-up feedback module inputs a low level, the first transistor T1 is not turned on, the output terminal REQUEST-OUT of the wake-up feedback module outputs a high level to the control module 110, when the input terminal REQUEST-IN of the wake-up feedback module inputs a high level, the potential difference between the first terminal and the second terminal of the first transistor T1 is greater than a set threshold, the second terminal and the third terminal of the first transistor T1 are turned on, and the output terminal REQUEST-OUT of the wake-up feedback module outputs a low level to the control module 110.
As shown in fig. 5, in the early warning system for thermal runaway of battery pack of an electric vehicle provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the wake-up module 120 includes: the circuit comprises a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R4, a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a second triode T2, a third triode T3, a second capacitor C2, a second voltage stabilizing diode D2 and a first power supply V1; a first end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the wake-up module input terminal WAKEUP-IN, and a second end of the first resistor R1 is electrically connected to the first end of the second transistor T2; a second end of the second triode T2 is grounded, and a third end of the second triode T2 is electrically connected with a second end of the second resistor R2; a first end of the second resistor R2 is electrically connected with a second end of the third resistor R3 and a first end of the third transistor T3, respectively; a first end of the third resistor R3 is electrically connected with a first power supply V1; a first end of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected to the first power source V1, and a second end of the fourth resistor R4 is electrically connected to a second end of the third transistor T3; the third end of the third triode T3 is electrically connected with the first end of the fifth resistor R5; a second end of the fifth resistor R5 is electrically connected with a first end of the sixth resistor R6 and a first end of the second capacitor C2, respectively; a second end of the sixth resistor R6 is grounded; the second end of the second capacitor C2 is grounded; a first end of the second zener diode D2 is electrically connected to the second output end WAKEUP-OUT2 of the wake-up module, and a second end of the second zener diode D2 is grounded; the first output terminal WAKEUP-OUT1 of the wake-up module is connected between the second terminal of the fifth resistor R5 and the first terminal of the sixth resistor R6; the second output terminal WAKEUP-OUT2 of the wake-up module is connected between the third terminal of the third transistor T3 and the first terminal of the fifth resistor R5.
The first power supply V1 outputs a high voltage, the second zener diode D2 is configured to limit a voltage amplitude of an output signal at the second output terminal WAKEUP-OUT2 of the wake-up module, and the second capacitor C2 is configured to filter noise of the output signal at the first output terminal WAKEUP-OUT1 of the wake-up module, so as to ensure that the output signal can be stably and accurately detected. The input end WAKEUP-IN of the wake-up module receives a signal from the control module 110, when the input end WAKEUP-IN of the wake-up module inputs a low level, the second triode T2 is not conducted with the third triode T3, the second output end WAKEUP-OUT2 of the wake-up module outputs a low level to the battery management module 150, and the first output end WAKEUP-OUT1 of the wake-up module outputs a low level to the control module 110; when the input terminal WAKEUP-IN of the wake-up module inputs a high level, the potential difference between the first terminal and the second terminal of the second transistor T2 is greater than the set threshold, the second terminal and the third terminal of the second transistor T2 are conducted, the potential difference between the first terminal and the second terminal of the third transistor T3 is greater than the set threshold, the second terminal and the third terminal of the third transistor T3 are conducted, the second output terminal WAKEUP-OUT2 of the wake-up module outputs a high level to the battery management module 150, and the first output terminal WAKEUP-OUT1 of the wake-up module outputs a high level to the control module 110.
As shown in fig. 6, in the early warning system for thermal runaway of battery pack of an electric vehicle provided in the embodiment of the present invention, the signal modulation module 140 includes: a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, a fourth triode T4, a third capacitor C3, a third voltage-stabilizing diode D3, a second pull-up resistor RS2 and a second pull-up power source VS 2; a first end of the seventh resistor R7 is electrically connected to the input end PWM-IN of the signal modulation module, and a second end of the seventh resistor R7 is electrically connected to a first end of the fourth transistor T4; a second end of the fourth triode T4 is grounded, a third end of the fourth triode T4 is electrically connected with a second end of a second pull-up resistor RS2, and a first end of the second pull-up resistor RS2 is electrically connected with a second pull-up power source VS 2; a first end of the eighth resistor R8 is electrically connected with the second output terminal PWM-OUT2 of the signal modulation module, and a second end of the eighth resistor R8 is electrically connected with a first end of the ninth resistor R9; a second end of the ninth resistor R9 is grounded; the third zener diode D3 and the third capacitor C3 are connected in parallel between the second output terminal PWM-OUT2 of the signal modulation module and the ground; the first output end PWM-OUT1 of the signal modulation module is connected between the second end of the eighth resistor R8 and the first end of the ninth resistor R9; the second output terminal PWM-OUT2 of the signal modulation module is connected between the third terminal of the fourth transistor T4 and the second terminal of the second pull-up resistor RS 2.
The second pull-up power supply VS2 outputs a high level, the third zener diode D3 is configured to limit the voltage amplitude of the signal output from the second output terminal PWM-OUT2 of the signal modulation module, and the third capacitor C3 is configured to filter noise of the signal output from the second output terminal PWM-OUT2 of the signal modulation module. The input end PWM-IN of the signal modulation module receives the pulse width modulated signal from the control module 110, when the input end PWM-IN of the signal modulation module inputs a low level, the fourth triode T4 is not turned on, the second output end PWM-OUT2 of the signal modulation module outputs a high level to the battery management module 150, and the first output end PWM-OUT1 of the signal modulation module outputs a high level to the control module 110; when the input end PWM-IN of the signal modulation module inputs a high level, the potential difference between the first end and the second end of the fourth transistor T4 is greater than the set threshold, the second end and the third end of the fourth transistor T4 are turned on, the second output end PWM-OUT2 of the signal modulation module outputs a low level to the battery management module 150, and the first output end PWM-OUT1 of the signal modulation module outputs a low level to the control module 110.
As shown in fig. 7, in the early warning system for thermal runaway of an electric vehicle battery pack provided in the embodiment of the present invention, on the basis of the signal modulation module 140 shown in fig. 6, another signal modulation module 140 in the embodiment further includes a short-circuit protection circuit; the short-circuit protection circuit comprises a tenth resistor R10 and a fifth triode T5, the tenth resistor R10 is connected between the second end of the fourth triode T4 and the ground, the first end of the fifth triode T5 is connected between the second end of the fourth triode T4 and the tenth resistor R10, the second end of the fifth triode T5 is grounded, and the third end of the fifth triode T5 is connected between the second end of the seventh resistor R7 and the first end of the fourth triode T4.
The short-circuit protection circuit has the function principle that when the current flowing through the second end of the fourth triode T4 is too large, the voltage at the two ends of the tenth resistor R10 enables the potential difference between the first end and the second end of the fifth triode T5 to be larger than a preset threshold value, the second end and the third end of the fifth triode T5 are conducted, the first end and the second end of the fourth triode T4 are short-circuited, the fourth triode T4 is cut off, and therefore the fourth triode T4 is protected from being burnt out.
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment, the pressure in the battery pack can be monitored in real time for 24 hours, and the abnormity diagnosis can be carried out. The battery pack thermal runaway fault can be timely, effectively and accurately early warned, and the missing report and the false report are prevented.
Example four
Fig. 8 is a schematic flow diagram of a method for warning thermal runaway of a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and as shown in fig. 8, a method for warning thermal runaway of a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is applied to a system for warning thermal runaway of a battery pack of an electric vehicle according to any embodiment of the present invention. The method comprises the following steps:
430, after the battery management module is awakened, feeding back an awakened signal to the control module through the awakening feedback module;
According to the technical scheme of the embodiment, the pressure detection module is used for collecting the pressure data of the battery pack of the electric automobile, the control module is used for sending out an early warning signal immediately when the battery pack is determined to have a thermal runaway fault and outputting the state information of the battery pack, and the early warning can be timely carried out when the battery pack has the thermal runaway fault; after the battery management module is awakened, an awakened signal is fed back to the control module through the awakening feedback module, and the awakening module and the signal modulation module both feed back the self signal transmission state to the control module, so that whether the working state of each module is normal or not can be judged to confirm the reliability of output; the battery pack thermal runaway fault can be timely, effectively and accurately early warned.
It is to be noted that the foregoing is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and the technical principles employed. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the particular embodiments described herein, but is capable of various obvious changes, rearrangements and substitutions as will now become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. Therefore, although the present invention has been described in greater detail by the above embodiments, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and may include other equivalent embodiments without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is determined by the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The early warning system for the thermal runaway of the battery pack of the electric automobile is characterized by comprising a pressure detection module, a control module, a wake-up feedback module, a signal modulation module and a battery management module;
the pressure detection module is positioned in the battery pack of the electric automobile, and the output end of the pressure detection module is electrically connected with the control module; the pressure detection module is used for detecting the pressure of the battery pack of the electric automobile;
the control module is used for judging whether the battery pack of the electric automobile has a thermal runaway fault according to the pressure data detected by the pressure detection module, and if so, sending out a warning signal of the thermal runaway of the battery pack of the electric automobile and outputting battery pack state information;
the input end and the first output end of the awakening module are electrically connected with the control module, and the second output end of the awakening module is electrically connected with the battery management module; the awakening module is used for awakening the battery management module and feeding back the self signal transmission state to the control module;
the input end of the awakening feedback module is electrically connected with the battery management module, the output end of the awakening feedback module is electrically connected with the control module, and the battery management module is used for feeding back awakened signals to the control module through the awakening feedback module after awakening;
the battery pack state information output by the control module is modulated and sent to the battery management module, and the signal transmission state of the battery pack is fed back to the control module.
2. The thermal runaway early warning system for battery pack of an electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein the pressure detection module is a pressure sensor; the control module is a micro control unit.
3. The thermal runaway early warning system for battery packs of electric vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the step of judging whether a thermal runaway fault occurs in the battery pack of the electric vehicle according to the pressure data detected by the pressure detection module comprises:
if the control module detects that the pressure data meet at least one fault condition, determining that a thermal runaway fault occurs in the electric vehicle battery pack;
the fault conditions include:
the pressure data is greater than a first set threshold;
or the difference value of the pressure data of two adjacent times is larger than a second set threshold value;
or the maximum value of the difference value of the pressure data at any two times in a set time is larger than a third set threshold value.
4. The thermal runaway early warning system for battery pack of an electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein the pressure detection module further comprises an enable control terminal, the enable control terminal being electrically connected to the control module; the control module is used for disabling the pressure detection module through an enabling control end when the control module is dormant, and enabling the pressure detection module through the enabling control end when the control module works;
the awakening feedback module is also used for awakening the control module through the awakening feedback module when the control module is in dormancy.
5. The warning system for thermal runaway of an electric vehicle battery pack according to claim 1, wherein the wake-up feedback module comprises: the first voltage stabilizing diode, the first capacitor, the first triode, the first pull-up power supply and the first pull-up resistor; the first end of the first voltage stabilizing diode is electrically connected with the input end of the awakening feedback module, and the second end of the first voltage stabilizing diode is grounded; the first end of the first capacitor is electrically connected with the input end of the awakening feedback module and the first end of the first triode respectively, and the second end of the first capacitor is electrically connected with the ground and the second end of the first triode respectively; the third end of the first triode is electrically connected with the second end of the first pull-up resistor; a first end of the first pull-up resistor is electrically connected with the first pull-up power supply; and the output end of the awakening feedback module is connected between the third end of the first triode and the second end of the first pull-up resistor.
6. The warning system of thermal runaway of an electric vehicle battery pack as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wake-up module comprises: the circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a second triode, a third triode, a second capacitor, a second voltage stabilizing diode and a first power supply; the first end of the first resistor is electrically connected with the input end of the awakening module, and the second end of the first resistor is electrically connected with the first end of the second triode; the second end of the second triode is grounded, and the third end of the second triode is electrically connected with the second end of the second resistor; the first end of the second resistor is electrically connected with the second end of the third resistor and the first end of the third triode respectively; the first end of the third resistor is electrically connected with the first power supply; a first end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected with the first power supply, and a second end of the fourth resistor is electrically connected with a second end of the third triode; the third end of the third triode is electrically connected with the first end of the fifth resistor; a second end of the fifth resistor is electrically connected with a first end of the sixth resistor and a first end of the second capacitor respectively; a second end of the sixth resistor is grounded; the second end of the second capacitor is grounded; the first end of the second voltage stabilizing diode is electrically connected with the second output end of the awakening module, and the second end of the second voltage stabilizing diode is grounded; a first output end of the wake-up module is connected between the second end of the fifth resistor and the first end of the sixth resistor; and the second output end of the awakening module is connected between the third end of the third triode and the first end of the fifth resistor.
7. The thermal runaway early warning system for battery pack of an electric vehicle of claim 1, wherein the signal modulation module comprises: the fourth resistor, the eighth resistor, the ninth resistor, the fourth triode, the third capacitor, the third voltage stabilizing diode, the second pull-up resistor and the second pull-up power supply; a first end of the seventh resistor is electrically connected with the input end of the signal modulation module, and a second end of the seventh resistor is electrically connected with a first end of the fourth triode; a second end of the fourth triode is grounded, a third end of the fourth triode is electrically connected with a second end of the second pull-up resistor, and a first end of the second pull-up resistor is electrically connected with the second pull-up power supply; a first end of the eighth resistor is electrically connected with the second output end of the signal modulation module, and a second end of the eighth resistor is electrically connected with a first end of the ninth resistor; a second end of the ninth resistor is grounded; the third voltage stabilizing diode and the third capacitor are connected between the second output end of the signal modulation module and the ground in parallel; a first output end of the signal modulation module is connected between the second end of the eighth resistor and the first end of the ninth resistor; and a second output end of the signal modulation module is connected between a third end of the fourth triode and a second end of the second pull-up resistor.
8. The warning system of thermal runaway of an electric vehicle battery pack as claimed in claim 7, wherein the signal modulation module further comprises: a short-circuit protection circuit; the short-circuit protection circuit comprises a tenth resistor and a fifth triode, wherein the tenth resistor is connected between the second end of the fourth triode and the ground, the first end of the fifth triode is connected between the second end of the fourth triode and the tenth resistor, the second end of the fifth triode is grounded, and the third end of the fifth triode is connected between the second end of the seventh resistor and the first end of the fourth triode.
9. The thermal runaway early warning system for battery pack of electric vehicle of claim 1, further comprising:
the anti-reverse connection module and the voltage stabilizing module; the input end of the reverse connection prevention module is electrically connected with the battery management module, and the output end of the reverse connection prevention module is electrically connected with the input end of the voltage stabilizing module; the voltage stabilizing module is a low-dropout linear voltage stabilizer and is used for uninterruptedly supplying power to the control module and the pressure detection module; and the first output end of the voltage stabilizing module is electrically connected with the control module, and the second output end of the voltage stabilizing module is electrically connected with the pressure detection module.
10. An early warning method for thermal runaway of an electric vehicle battery pack is applied to the early warning system for thermal runaway of the electric vehicle battery pack as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the pressure detection module collects pressure data in the battery pack of the electric automobile and transmits the pressure data to the control module;
the control module monitors according to a preset time interval, when the battery pack is determined to be abnormal according to the pressure data, the battery pack thermal runaway early warning of the electric automobile is carried out, and the battery management module is awakened through the awakening module and outputs battery pack state information;
after the battery management module is awakened, an awakened signal is fed back to the control module through an awakening feedback module;
the control module transmits the battery pack state information to the battery management module through a signal modulation module;
the awakening module feeds back the self signal transmission state to the control module, and the signal modulation module feeds back the self signal transmission state to the control module.
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Application publication date: 20201110 |