CN1119036A - Gland seal assembly housing - Google Patents
Gland seal assembly housing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1119036A CN1119036A CN94191443A CN94191443A CN1119036A CN 1119036 A CN1119036 A CN 1119036A CN 94191443 A CN94191443 A CN 94191443A CN 94191443 A CN94191443 A CN 94191443A CN 1119036 A CN1119036 A CN 1119036A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- housing
- filler
- hole
- contacting wall
- wall
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004809 Teflon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000008041 oiling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/08—Sealings
- F04D29/10—Shaft sealings
- F04D29/106—Shaft sealings especially adapted for liquid pumps
- F04D29/108—Shaft sealings especially adapted for liquid pumps the sealing fluid being other than the working liquid or being the working liquid treated
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/18—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with stuffing-boxes for elastic or plastic packings
- F16J15/24—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with stuffing-boxes for elastic or plastic packings with radially or tangentially compressed packing
Abstract
A housing for a gland seal assembly, which comprises a main body having a bore therethrough for receiving a rotatable shaft. The main body includes a first and a second parts, each of which includs an abutment wall which forms an end wall of the packing receiving zone, and adjustment means which is operable to cause relative movement between the abutment walls in the axial direction of the bore.
Description
The present invention relates to the black box of pump, more specifically but not only relate to the black box of centrifugal mud pump.
On Centrifugal water pump and slurry pump, use gland seal assembly for many years always.Typical plain shaft sealing assembly such as Fig. 1 are shown in 2 and 3.Fig. 1,2 and 3 is partial sections of plain shaft sealing assembly.This assembly generally comprises a housing 2, is commonly referred to Stuffing box, has 4, rotating axles 50 of a circular hole and passes circular hole 4.For example, axle 50 can be the axle of pump.One end wall 35 is arranged on an end in hole.Can be provided with on the axle 50, also can not establish protection sleeve.Annular space 7 between hole 4 and axle 50 generally is filled with filler 5, and filler 5 can be some packing rings 8.Filler can change according to use occasion, but generally is that fiber is made into, and has square or the rectangular cross-section, can be cut into annular.Filler can be selected according to requirement of strength, and can add other oiling agent (as teflon) to reduce friction.
It is in the Stuffing box that filler 5 generally is placed on housing, is subjected to the compression of follower 9 from the outside.Because the gap between filler 5 and axle (or its sleeve) 50 can be regulated in the annular space 7 that the compressibility of filler 5 makes follower 9 move into and shift out the formation filling space.Generally carry out this adjusting by outer bolt (not drawing).The leakage from assembly can be controlled in gap 7 between the axle 50 of regulating static filler 5 and rotating.In some application, this leakage is for the suitable cooling that guarantees filler and axle and to take away fricative heat can be vital.
When being used for water pump, this black box can utilize the liquid that is pumped that leaks from black box when work to help cooling package.The assembly of sufficient lubrication is necessary for the permanent life-span.
Because slurry pump is used for pumping and contains the mud of particle, this can bring other problem.These particles can cause the additional friction of filler and axle sleeve and wearing and tearing.For slurry pump, generally be from external water source minimizing the problems referred to above with clean sealing water fill assembly, guarantee the permanent life-span.Water passes through transfer passage 14 fill assemblies until a collar (Lantern ring) assembly 10.The cover ring member can comprise a collar 10 and a throttling element 12.In Fig. 1, throttling element 12 is made of metal, and in Fig. 2, it is a non-metal part.In Fig. 3, a collar 11 is spaced apart by filler 8D and a neck ring (neck ring) 17.The collar and throttling element will be by the threaded shaft of water introducing of passage 14 introducings or the gaps of axle sleeve.This makes water can enter filler and the exigent gap of axle between 50; So that suit with effective lubricating.But the collar and throttling element assembly make in some sealing water inflow pumps.Particle is washed away from black box, thereby reduce the danger that mud is stained gland seal assembly inside.
Above-mentioned common gland seal assembly has intrinsic structure problem, also can cause the work of slurry pump and the problem in the maintaining.A requirement of maintenance is that pump will be changed the old filler of wearing and tearing, and needn't dismantle the main pump housing.Around the circlet shape space of axle sleeve because very dark, inaccessible, if when changing filler, can not inwardly watch and will have problems, many more changing jobs must be undertaken by groping, at the rear portion of centrifugal mud pump because of lack accessibility make more change jobs more difficult.The cause operator of another problem can not always guarantee to carry out suitable adjusting.The water source may change, even causes the wearing and tearing and the fault of filler and axle sleeve.Water also may leak around the filler radial outside rather than around its radially inner side.
The objective of the invention is to overcome above-mentioned one or more problems of conventional seals assembly.
The invention provides a kind of gland seal assembly housing by bright, this housing comprises a main body with a through hole, and this through hole is used to admit a rotating axle.This main body comprises first portion and second portion, and the filler that every part has in above-mentioned through hole holds the district.In first portion and the second portion each comprises that constitutes the contacting wall that above-mentioned filler holds the end wall in district.Also be provided with regulating device, its can be used to through hole axially on cause relative movement between the contacting wall.
Filler holds the annular space between the outer surface that the district can be included in through-hole inner surface on the rigging position and rotating axle.
Each contacting wall can comprise the flange that extends radially inwardly substantially with respect to through-hole inner surface.The flange of contacting wall is to be preferably on first and second parts of housing to form.When being in rigging position, above-mentioned contacting wall is far apart mutually and is come.Hole in each part of housing may relatively be opened wide, and can be spaced apart slightly mutually so that place the cover ring member betwixt.
The flange of each contacting wall preferably has a free inner edge, this free inner edge surperficial adjacent with axle when rigging position, and bring into play the effect of restrictor.In another kind was arranged, neck ring can be arranged on the opposite end that filler holds the district between contacting wall and filler.In each part of housing, a plurality of packing rings are set preferably.
The part that the part of housing preferably has work to be connected with another and pump case is fixed on the pump case and since the work of controlling device it can do axial motion with respect to the part of at first mentioning.
The form of controlling device can be the bolt that a plurality of first and second parts that make housing are connected, and the rotation of these bolts can cause two-part axial motion.In addition, at least one in two-part of shell has the two halves that are connected by bolt, and its layout makes two halves to separate so that the approaching and dismounting of shell.
Gland seal assembly can comprise at least two packing rings and the filler cover around packing ring, and the axial compression that its layout is overlapped filler can change into the radial compression to packing ring at least in part.Packing ring can comprise a filler cover that is placed between packing ring and the through-hole inner surface.The form of filler cover can be an annulus that constitutes perimeter wall, perhaps can also be included in the sidewall that perimeter wall one end extends radially inwardly.
Two groups of packing rings can be set, every group with one of above-mentioned filler cover cooperating.Two groups of packing rings can be come by a collar or similar component space.
In a kind of layout of recommendation, the collar comprises and is assemblied in two groups of first portion and second portions between the packing ring, and its structure makes compressible filler cover when in the mounting point.Also can be provided with an O shape ring or similar component to be formed on the sealing between the collar and the housing.
Contrast the following drawings is described preferred embodiment of the present invention now.
Fig. 4 is the partial side view of being equipped with according to the gland seal assembly of housing of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the front elevation of gland seal assembly shown in Figure 4;
Fig. 6 is the view similar to Fig. 4, a kind of modification of expression filler assembly;
Fig. 7-the 9th is applicable to the collar modification of gland seal assembly of the present invention.
Join figure Fig. 4 now, 5 and 6, assembly of the present invention comprises some feature similar to the conventional seals assembly, identical feature is used identical label.The purpose of the black box of pump fundamentally all is in order to hold the pumping liquid of pressurization.The decay of the sealed assembly of pressure, making pressure is atmospheric pressure outside the sealing.
Seal casinghousing and Stuffing box 2 have one and are parallel to the hole 4 of rotating axle 50 and form an annular space 7.Stuffing box 2 comprises a main body 3, and main body 3 comprises 3A of first portion and second portion 3B.The form of contacting wall is flange 14 and 15, and each flange has inner edge 16 and 17.The internal diameter of Stuffing box approaches the diameter of axle. Inner edge 16 and 17 itself and/or with neck ring as current limiting gaps, wash away mud to assist water.Contacting wall 14 and 15 also constitutes the shoulder of a supporting filler 5.Stuffing box generally is a metal, but also can use other suitable material, can make with low lost material such as high ferrochrome (HighChrome Iron), because it can bear the wearing and tearing of mud.
Axle 50 is generally protected to reduce wearing and tearing by hard metal sleeve or plating cover.
Two-part 3A of main body 3 and the layout of 3B, make the controlling device that is bolt 21 forms that the position of these two parts is axially relatively being adjusted, thereby change compression, the sleeve of control filler or the gap between the axle, thereby the leakage of control black box to filler 5.Bolt 21 is carried on the flange 32 of part 3B.
Different with common fillers lid is, contacting wall does not enter in the hole of Stuffing box, and they constitute the annular sealed chamber on internal diameter.As shown in the figure, housing parts 3B is tightened together by fixing bolt 23 in two, and part 3A and 3B also can similarly separate.When maintenance, housing parts can separate, unload from axle 50, thereby can be easily near shell.
In the form of illustrated components, the collar 55 is housing parts 3A separately, two ends of 3B, and its external diameter enters in housing or Stuffing box and the aperture to guarantee and to keep concentricity.In general, the collar is a metal, but coating or mold insert can be arranged to reduce the wearing and tearing on axle or axle sleeve in the aperture.Make water can inject the gap of the necessity between filler and axle or the axle sleeve at the radial hole on the internal diameter or circular groove, so water can inflow pump, also can flow to outside the pump in the both sides of the collar.
Fig. 7 to 9 expression is specially adapted to the various forms of collars of gland seal assembly of the present invention.In every kind of situation, the collar 55 comprises and is assemblied in the 55A of first portion between 5 groups of the fillers and acts on the filler cover 25 so that the 25 and most of 55B of part compressible filler cover.
Above-mentioned new structure can utilize any common filling kind.The braided ring that these fillers are normally cut on a position is so that be sleeved on the axle sleeve.The number of packing ring 8 can change at two ends.Every end has two packing rings among the figure.
Filler can be overlapped 25 at every end of black box is enclosed within on the filler 5.Be decorated with two filler covers among the figure, each filler cover closes work with relevant packing ring 8A and the assembly of 8B respectively.These fillers cover 25 has significant elasticity, and the axial compression that the relative movement between two housing parts causes will at first axially be pushed these filler covers.Filler cover shown in Fig. 4 has an annular rim wall, and the filler shown in Fig. 6 overlaps included edge cornice a sidewall that extends radially inwardly at the one end.Because the filler cover is substantially disposed between shell 3 and the filler 5, thereby axial compression will change into the radial compression to filler.Therefore, filler upwards is compressed with the footpath in the axial direction, and the compression on each packing ring will be more even.More uniform compression on each packing ring will provide the better control to black box, operation and leakage.
Above-mentioned layout according to preferred embodiment of the present invention makes maintenance work more convenient, and packing ring has better accessibility so that change, and the length of the annular sealed chamber of fixed side is reduced, and it is more even to wear and tear.
Obviously can do various modifications to said structure and layout, change and replenish and do not exceed scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the housing of gland seal assembly, described housing comprises a main body with the through hole that is used to hold a rotating axle, described main body comprises first portion and second portion, the filler that every part has in through hole holds the district, in described first and second parts each comprises that constitutes the contacting wall that described filler holds the end wall in district, and regulating device, it can be used to cause the relative movement on through hole is axial between the described contacting wall.
2. housing as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that; Described filler holds annular region or the gap between the outer surface of the internal surface of district's described through hole when being included on the rigging position and described rotating axle.
3. housing as claimed in claim 1 or 2, it is characterized in that: each described contacting wall comprises a flange that extends radially inwardly substantially with respect to the internal surface of described through hole, the flange of described contacting wall is to form on first and second parts of described housing, therefore, in the time of on rigging position, described contacting wall is mutually away from coming.
4. the described housing of arbitrary as described above claim is characterized in that: the through hole in each part of described housing is unlimited relatively, and two-part are spaced apart so that hold a cover ring member betwixt.
5. the described housing of arbitrary as described above claim is characterized in that: the flange of described contacting wall has a free inner edge, and the effect of flow controller also can be brought into play in the surface of its contiguous described axle on rigging position the time.
6. the described housing of arbitrary as described above claim is characterized in that: between described contacting wall and filler, the opposite end that holds the district at described filler also is provided with neck ring.
7. the described housing of arbitrary as described above claim, it is characterized in that: a partial fixing of described housing is on pump case, another part is operatively coupled on it, and therefore by handling controlling device, it can move axially with respect to the part of at first mentioning.
8. the described housing of each claim as described above, it is characterized in that: described controlling device comprises the bolt of first and second parts of the described housing of a plurality of connections, thereby the rotation of bolt can cause above-mentioned two-part moving axially, in described housing two-part at least one comprises the two halves that couple together with bolt, and its layout can be separated described two-part.
9. the described housing of each claim as described above, it is characterized in that: described gland seal assembly comprises at least two packing rings and centers on the filler cover of packing ring, the axial compression that its layout is overlapped filler can be changed into the radial compression to packing ring at least in part, described filler cover comprises an elastic ring that is arranged between packing ring and the described through-hole inner surface, and described cover comprises that one constitutes the annulus of perimeter wall or also is included in the sidewall that an end of described perimeter wall extends radially inwardly.
10. housing as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that: be provided with two groups of packing rings, every group with one of described filler cover cooperating, described two groups of fillers overlap the same collar and are spaced from each other.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUPL7758 | 1993-03-12 | ||
| AUPL775893 | 1993-03-12 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1119036A true CN1119036A (en) | 1996-03-20 |
| CN1053487C CN1053487C (en) | 2000-06-14 |
Family
ID=3776769
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN94191443A Expired - Fee Related CN1053487C (en) | 1993-03-12 | 1994-03-10 | Gland seal assembly housing |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5642892A (en) |
| JP (1) | JP3307940B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1053487C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE4491132T1 (en) |
| GB (1) | GB2290581B (en) |
| IN (1) | IN188870B (en) |
| TW (1) | TW330658U (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1994020757A1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA941678B (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102927038A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-02-13 | 无锡艾比德泵业有限公司 | Filler seal structure of centrifugal pump |
| CN103097781A (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2013-05-08 | 芙罗服务管理公司 | Mechanical seal for large pumps |
Families Citing this family (13)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5772218A (en) * | 1993-03-12 | 1998-06-30 | Warman International Limited | Uniform compression gland seal assembly |
| US6318730B1 (en) | 1998-04-02 | 2001-11-20 | Card-Monroe Corp. | Tufting machine push rod housing gland seal assembly |
| US5979483A (en) * | 1998-06-24 | 1999-11-09 | Occidental Chemical Corporation | Valve assembly and method |
| AU1899800A (en) | 1998-12-11 | 2000-07-03 | Grm Distributors Limited | A sealing device and a method of repairing/replacing sealing devices |
| GB0326534D0 (en) * | 2003-11-14 | 2003-12-17 | Weir Warman Ltd | Pump insert and assembly |
| US7071588B1 (en) | 2004-05-20 | 2006-07-04 | Yeomans Chicago Corporation | Pump motor penetration assembly |
| DE102005055942B4 (en) * | 2005-11-24 | 2008-06-12 | Sensoplan Aktiengesellschaft | sealing |
| PE20110158A1 (en) * | 2008-06-13 | 2011-03-04 | Weir Minerals Australia Ltd | SET OF ADJUSTMENT FOR A CASE OF A PUMP |
| WO2015074029A2 (en) * | 2013-11-18 | 2015-05-21 | Andritz Inc. | Journal housing for a cylindrical bearing and related method |
| CN112204263A (en) * | 2019-03-06 | 2021-01-08 | 氟技 | Pump case reaches magnetic drive pump including it |
| JP2022528923A (en) * | 2019-04-18 | 2022-06-16 | エー． ダブリュー． チェスタートン カンパニー | System and method for automatically urging packing material using packing load assembly |
| GB2592179B (en) * | 2019-10-04 | 2022-03-30 | Weir Minerals Europe Ltd | Seal assembly |
| US11815100B2 (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2023-11-14 | Billy Dean Watson | Fluid leak diverter |
Family Cites Families (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US691813A (en) * | 1901-05-27 | 1902-01-28 | Jason R Barr | Packing device for piston-rods. |
| DE346038C (en) * | 1916-03-23 | 1921-12-23 | Ernst Kuhrmeier | Stuffing box |
| GB288940A (en) * | 1927-12-22 | 1928-04-19 | Beldam Packing & Rubber Compan | Improvements in packing devices for rotary shafts or spindles |
| US1834190A (en) * | 1931-03-14 | 1931-12-01 | Nat Supply Co | Packing head |
| BE395436A (en) * | 1932-04-07 | |||
| US1947257A (en) * | 1933-04-25 | 1934-02-13 | Goodrich Co B F | Valve structure |
| US2049774A (en) * | 1934-12-12 | 1936-08-04 | Ingersoll Rand Co | Sealing device |
| US2322679A (en) * | 1941-02-04 | 1943-06-22 | Al B Williamson | Rotating blowout preventer |
| US2386898A (en) * | 1943-10-30 | 1945-10-16 | Worthington Pump & Mach Corp | Centrifugal pump |
| DE857741C (en) * | 1944-08-20 | 1952-12-01 | Siemens Ag | Electric motor driven pump |
| DE853995C (en) * | 1950-01-24 | 1952-12-18 | Giesserei G M B H | Multi-part stuffing box with fluid-relieving ring arranged between the separately pull-on stuffing box parts |
| GB790817A (en) * | 1955-04-22 | 1958-02-19 | Sulzer Freeres | Centrifugal pumps |
| DE2034586C3 (en) * | 1970-07-11 | 1982-05-06 | Halberg Maschinenbau Gmbh & Co, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Device for sealing and cooling the drive shaft of centrifugal pumps for conveying hot media |
| ZA823756B (en) * | 1981-07-20 | 1983-03-30 | Baker Int Corp | Pump packing follower for horizontal centrifugal pumps |
| US4623152A (en) * | 1985-04-05 | 1986-11-18 | Richard St Jean | Shaft seal arrangement with split housing |
| SE462249B (en) * | 1988-10-10 | 1990-05-21 | Flygt Ab | DEVICE FOR LOADING AND SEALING OF A CABLE PIPE |
-
1994
- 1994-03-07 TW TW085214716U patent/TW330658U/en unknown
- 1994-03-08 IN IN273DE1994 patent/IN188870B/en unknown
- 1994-03-10 WO PCT/AU1994/000114 patent/WO1994020757A1/en active Application Filing
- 1994-03-10 GB GB9517292A patent/GB2290581B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-03-10 CN CN94191443A patent/CN1053487C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-03-10 DE DE4491132T patent/DE4491132T1/en not_active Ceased
- 1994-03-10 ZA ZA941678A patent/ZA941678B/en unknown
- 1994-03-10 JP JP51939194A patent/JP3307940B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-03-10 US US08/525,704 patent/US5642892A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103097781A (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2013-05-08 | 芙罗服务管理公司 | Mechanical seal for large pumps |
| CN103097781B (en) * | 2010-04-20 | 2016-05-11 | 芙罗服务管理公司 | Cartridge seal and comprise its pump assembly |
| CN102927038A (en) * | 2012-11-29 | 2013-02-13 | 无锡艾比德泵业有限公司 | Filler seal structure of centrifugal pump |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPH08507580A (en) | 1996-08-13 |
| JP3307940B2 (en) | 2002-07-29 |
| IN188870B (en) | 2002-11-16 |
| DE4491132T1 (en) | 1996-01-25 |
| ZA941678B (en) | 1994-10-12 |
| WO1994020757A1 (en) | 1994-09-15 |
| GB2290581B (en) | 1996-11-27 |
| TW330658U (en) | 1998-04-21 |
| US5642892A (en) | 1997-07-01 |
| GB2290581A (en) | 1996-01-03 |
| CN1053487C (en) | 2000-06-14 |
| GB9517292D0 (en) | 1995-10-25 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |