CN111901911A - Flame-retardant electrothermal film capable of shielding leakage current - Google Patents
Flame-retardant electrothermal film capable of shielding leakage current Download PDFInfo
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- CN111901911A CN111901911A CN202010699662.8A CN202010699662A CN111901911A CN 111901911 A CN111901911 A CN 111901911A CN 202010699662 A CN202010699662 A CN 202010699662A CN 111901911 A CN111901911 A CN 111901911A
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
- H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
- H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
- H05B3/36—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heating conductor embedded in insulating material
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- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Surface Heating Bodies (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of electrothermal films, and discloses a flame-retardant electrothermal film capable of shielding leakage current, which comprises a functional layer: a planar electric heating material layer, a leakage current shielding layer and a waterproof flame-retardant insulating layer; the functional layers are bonded into a whole through the flame-retardant binder layer. The product can shield leakage current and improve the fireproof and flame-retardant performance of the electrothermal film; the thermal resistance of the electric heating film is greatly reduced compared with that of a PVC envelope, so that potential safety hazards are reduced; under the condition of high temperature, a large amount of harmful smoke dust can not be generated, the defects of harming human health, polluting environment and the like are overcome, the problem of application limitation is solved, and the applicable range is wider.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrothermal films, in particular to a flame-retardant electrothermal film capable of shielding leakage current.
Background
The electrothermal film is a film which can generate heat after being electrified, and is a plane heating element consisting of an electric insulating material and a heating resistance material packaged in the electric insulating material.
Generally, the electrothermal film belongs to a low-temperature electrothermal material with the working temperature within 200 ℃, and is characterized by low power density, large heating area, thin thickness, high electrothermal conversion efficiency, strong far infrared radiation capability, long service life and the like, so that the electrothermal film can be used for heating buildings (including civil, public, industrial, outdoor and temporary buildings and the like); heating and insulating industrial tank and pipeline; agricultural breeding and seedling raising and supplementary heating of a greenhouse; snow and ice melting of roads, airport runways, roof ceilings and satellite antennas; has wide application prospect in the fields of medical care and the like.
The existing electrothermal film generally uses a polyester film (PET) as an insulating material, and the electrothermal material is packaged in the insulating material to play a role of insulation and water resistance. Because polyester film belongs to flammable material, along with the continuous promotion of national fire safety requirement, the application and the development of electric heat membrane in above-mentioned field receive a lot of restrictions.
In order to improve the fire resistance of the electrothermal film, some electrothermal film products are insulated by a polyester film (PET) and then are arranged in a polyvinyl chloride envelope to ensure that the electrothermal film products have the fire resistance. As is known, polyvinyl chloride has a high oxygen index and a certain flame retardant effect. However, they have poor heat resistance, are liable to decompose corrosive hydrogen chloride at high temperatures, and rapidly deteriorate their physical properties. Especially, during burning, a great amount of smoke and dust and toxic and harmful gases are released, thus harming human health and polluting environment.
In addition, the electric heating film adopting the polyvinyl chloride envelope has the advantages that the heat transfer resistance of the electric heating film is increased due to the existence of a small amount of air in the envelope, on one hand, the heat consumption is increased, the heat efficiency is reduced, and on the other hand, the risk of fire safety hidden danger caused by local overheating is greatly increased.
Therefore, a need exists for a flame retardant electrothermal film that can shield leakage current.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing an electrothermal film with flame retardant and leakage current shielding functions, which can improve the fireproof flame retardant performance of the electrothermal film and overcome the defects that the electrothermal film adopting a PVC envelope has relatively large thermal resistance and easily generates a large amount of harmful smoke dust under the high-temperature condition, harms human health, pollutes the environment and the like.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a flame-retardant electrothermal film capable of shielding leakage current comprises functional layers: a planar electric heating material layer, a leakage current shielding layer and a waterproof flame-retardant insulating layer; the functional layers are bonded into a whole through the flame-retardant binder layer.
As a preferred implementation mode, the planar electrothermal material layer is one of a metal-based electrothermal film, an inorganic nonmetal-based electrothermal film, a graphene electrothermal film, a polymer electrothermal film and a polymer composite electrothermal film; furthermore, a graphene electrothermal film or a polymer composite electrothermal film can be preferably selected.
The power density of the planar electrothermal material layer is 50W/m2-2000W/m2；
The length of the planar electric heating material layer is 30-5000mm, the width is 30-1000mm, and the thickness is 0.1-3.0 mm.
In a preferred embodiment, the leakage current shielding layer is one of aluminum-plated films of PP, PE, PET, PI or a film-shaped conductive material with a resistance per unit area of less than 3000 Ω; further, PP aluminum plating film or PET aluminum plating film or carbon fiber paper may be preferable.
The aluminizer or the film-shaped conductive material is mutually insulated with the planar electrothermal material layer;
the external dimension of the aluminized film or the film-shaped conductive material is 10-100mm smaller than that of the planar electrothermal material layer in length and width, and the thickness is 0.03-2.0 mm.
In a preferred embodiment, a current-carrying copper foil strip is arranged on the surface of the aluminum-plated film or the film-shaped conductive material in the length direction; the lead wires, which are electrically connected to the current-carrying copper foil strip, should be reliably connected to the zero line of the power supply.
As a preferred embodiment, the waterproof flame-retardant insulating layer is a flame-retardant fiber composite material or a flame-retardant film material;
the flame-retardant fiber composite material is a composite material of any one of woven fabrics of glass fibers, ceramic fibers, boron fibers, aramid fibers, polyimide fibers and polyether-ether-ketone fibers and any one of flame-retardant silicone rubber, polytetrafluoroethylene, flame-retardant PU and flame-retardant PET;
the flame-retardant film material is one of a polyimide film, a flame-retardant PU film and a flame-retardant PET film;
the overall dimension of the waterproof flame-retardant insulating layer is 10-80mm larger than that of the planar electric heating material layer in length and width, and the thickness is 0.03-2.0 mm.
In a preferred embodiment, the flame-retardant adhesive layer is composed of 5 to 50 parts by mass of a flame retardant, 0 to 15 parts by mass of a flame-retardant synergist, and 0.1 to 10 parts by mass of a coupling agent, per 100 parts by mass of the hot-melt resin base material; further preferably, the preferable mixing amount of the flame retardant is 10 to 30 parts by mass, the preferable mixing amount of the flame-retardant synergist is 0 to 10 parts by mass, and the preferable mixing amount of the coupling agent is 1 to 6 parts by mass.
As a preferred embodiment, the hot melt resin binder is selected from one of EVA, PO, PA, PES, PE, PP, TPU.
As a preferred embodiment, the flame retardant is selected from a phosphorus flame retardant or a nitrogen flame retardant;
the phosphorus flame retardant is selected from one of CR505, DMMP, RDP, IPPP and TCP; further, CR505 or RDP or TCP may be preferable.
The nitrogen flame retardant is selected from one of melamine, MCA, MP and APP; further, MCA or MP may be preferable.
As a preferred embodiment, the flame retardant synergist is selected from one or more of antimony trioxide, zinc borate, aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide.
As a preferred embodiment, the coupling agent is selected from one of KH550, KH560, KH566 and KH 579; further, KH550 or KH579 may be preferable.
The components of the flame-retardant adhesive layer are proportioned, stirred, mixed, plasticated and the like, and a conventional plastic film manufacturing method such as calendering, stretching, tape casting and the like is adopted, so that the flame-retardant hot-melt adhesive film can be prepared.
By adopting the technical scheme, the comprehensive performance of the product is greatly improved by optimizing the structure of the functional layer, the leakage current can be shielded, and the fireproof and flame-retardant performance of the electrothermal film can be improved; the thermal resistance of the electric heating film is greatly reduced compared with that of a PVC envelope, so that potential safety hazards are reduced; under the condition of high temperature, a large amount of harmful smoke dust can not be generated, the defects of harming human health, polluting environment and the like are overcome, the problem of application limitation is solved, and the applicable range is wider.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the electrothermal film of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the electric heating film applied under direct current low voltage.
In the figure: 1-upper waterproof flame-retardant insulating layer, 2-first flame-retardant adhesive layer, 3-leakage current shielding layer, 4-second flame-retardant adhesive layer, 5-planar electrothermal material layer, 6-third flame-retardant adhesive layer, 7-lower waterproof flame-retardant insulating layer, 301-leakage current shielding layer current-carrying electrode, 501-first conductive electrode of planar electrothermal material layer 5, and 502-second conductive electrode of planar electrothermal material layer 5.
Detailed Description
The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
As shown in fig. 1, an electrothermal film with flame retardant and leakage current shielding functions comprises a planar electrothermal material layer 5, a leakage current shielding layer 3, an upper waterproof flame retardant insulating layer 1, a lower waterproof flame retardant insulating layer 7, and a first flame retardant adhesive layer 2, a second flame retardant adhesive layer 4, and a third flame retardant adhesive layer 6 for reliably combining functional layers together.
The surface-shaped electric heating material layer 5 is one of a graphene electric heating film, a polymer electric heating film and a polymer composite electric heating film; a graphene electrothermal film or a polymer composite electrothermal film is further preferred;
the power density of the planar electric heating material layer 5 generally has the following range according to specific application:
1)150W/m2-250W/m2；2)300W/m2-400W/m2；3)600W/m2-1200W/m2。
the external dimension range is as follows:
1) under the power frequency voltage, the length is 5000mm, the width is 250mm and the thickness is 0.3-2.0 mm;
2) under the safe voltage, the length is 50-2000mm, the width is 50-250mm, and the thickness is 0.3-2.0 mm.
The leakage current shielding layer 3 is an aluminized film of PP, PE, PET, PI or a film-shaped conductive material with a unit area resistance of not more than 3000 omega. Further preferred are aluminum-plated films of PP and PET, and carbon fiber paper. The leakage current shielding layer 3 and the planar electrothermal material layer 5 are insulated from each other, and have a length and width dimension 20-100mm smaller than the planar electrothermal material layer 5, and a thickness of 0.03-2.0mm, more preferably 0.05-0.75 mm.
As the current-carrying electrode 301 of the leakage current shielding layer 3, a copper foil tape with the thickness of 0.03-0.1mm, the width of 5-10mm and the length the same as that of the planar electrothermal material layer 5 is selected. Current carrying electrode 301 is positioned and oriented as shown in fig. 1 and is in intimate contact with the conductive portion of leakage current shield layer 3. The current carrying electrode 301 is connected to the neutral line of the power supply via a connecting lead.
When the flame-retardant electrothermal film is supposed to work under direct current voltage, the leakage current shielding layer 3 can be removed, and the structure of the electrothermal film is shown in figure 2.
The upper waterproof flame-retardant insulating layer 1 and the lower waterproof flame-retardant insulating layer 7 are made of flame-retardant fiber composite materials or flame-retardant film materials. The flame-retardant fiber composite material is a braided fabric of glass fiber, ceramic fiber, boron fiber, aramid fiber, polyimide fiber and polyether-ether-ketone fiber, and is a composite material of flame-retardant silicone rubber, polytetrafluoroethylene, flame-retardant PU or flame-retardant PET. Further preferred are woven fabrics of glass fibers and ceramic fibers, and composite materials of flame-retardant silicone rubber, polytetrafluoroethylene and flame-retardant PU. The flame-retardant film material is a polyimide film, a flame-retardant PU film or a flame-retardant PET film.
The thicknesses of the upper and lower waterproof flame-retardant insulating layers 1, 7 are 0.03-2.0mm, and more preferably 0.05-1.0 mm. The length and width of the sheet-like electric heating material layer 5 are 10-80mm, preferably 20-50 mm.
In this embodiment, glass fiber composite flame retardant silicone rubber and flame retardant PU are selected as the upper and lower waterproof flame retardant insulating layers 1 and 7.
The first, second and third flame-retardant adhesive layers 2, 4 and 6 have a thickness of 0.05 to 0.2mm and are composed of 5 to 50 parts by mass of a flame retardant, 0 to 15 parts by mass of a flame-retardant synergist, 0.1 to 10 parts by mass of a coupling agent, and 0 to 15 parts by mass of other additives, relative to 100 parts by mass of a hot-melt resin base material.
The hot-melt resin base material is selected from EVA, PA, PES, PE, PP, PET and TPU; further preferred are PA, PP and TPU.
The flame retardant is selected from a phosphorus flame retardant or a nitrogen flame retardant, and the amount thereof blended in the flame retardant adhesive is 5 to 50 parts by mass, preferably 10 to 30 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the hot-melt resin base material.
The phosphorus flame retardant is selected from CR505, DMMP, RDP, IPPP and TCP; further preferable examples are CR505, RDP, and TCP.
The nitrogen flame retardant is selected from melamine, MCA, MP and APP; further preferable examples are MCA and MP.
The flame-retardant synergist is one or more of antimony trioxide, zinc borate, aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide. The amount of the flame-retardant synergist blended in the flame-retardant adhesive is 0 to 15 parts by mass, preferably 0 to 10 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the hot-melt resin base material.
The coupling agent is selected from KH550, KH560, KH566 and KH 579. Further preferred are KH550 and KH 579. The amount of the coupling agent blended in the flame-retardant adhesive is 0.1 to 10 parts by mass relative to 100 parts by mass of the hot-melt resin base material. The preferable amount is 1 to 6 parts by mass.
In this embodiment, the following mixture ratio (parts by mass) and method are used to manufacture the flame-retardant adhesive layer:
100 parts of PA, 21 parts of MCA, 6 parts of RDP, 9 parts of zinc borate and 5503 parts of KH, wherein the flame-retardant hot melt adhesive film with the thickness of 0.1mm is prepared by the processes of metering, stirring, mixing, plasticating and the like of the components by adopting a conventional plastic film manufacturing method.
Example 1
The planar electric heating material layer 5 is a polymer composite electric heating film with a power density of 200W/m2460mm long, 450mm wide and 0.3mm thick. Using 0.5mm2The plastic copper flexible wire is firmly connected with the first and second conductive electrodes 501 and 502.
The leakage current shielding layer 3 is made of a PET aluminizer with the thickness of 0.05mm, the length of 460mm and the width of 450 mm. A circle of the periphery of the surface of the plating layer is at least 25mm wide without an aluminum plating layer so as to ensure the insulation with the planar electric heating material layer 5. The current-carrying electrode 301 is firmly connected with a PVC plastic-copper flexible wire with the thickness of 0.5mm 2.
The upper and lower waterproof flame-retardant insulating layers 1 and 7 are made of glass fiber flame-retardant silicone rubber composite films with the length of 500mm, the width of 500mm and the thickness of 0.3 mm.
The first, second and third flame-retardant adhesive layers 2, 4 and 6 are made of the PA flame-retardant hot-melt adhesive film prepared in the above way, and the PA flame-retardant hot-melt adhesive film has the thickness of 0.1mm, the length of 500mm and the width of 500 mm.
The above materials are put into a thermal compounding machine according to the figure 1, and are pressurized and heated to be made into the product with the power density of 200W/m2The electrothermal film has flame-retardant and leakage current shielding functions.
And the vertical burning test is carried out according to the ANSL-UL94-2009 standard, and the flame retardant grade can reach V0.
Example 2
The planar electric heating material layer 5 is a polymer composite electric heating film with power density of 600W/m2460mm long, 450mm wide and 0.3mm thick. The first and second conductive electrodes 501, 502 are firmly connected by 0.5mm2 plastic copper flexible wires.
The leakage current shielding layer 3 is made of a PET aluminizer with the thickness of 0.05mm, the length of 460mm and the width of 450 mm. A circle of the periphery of the surface of the plating layer is at least 25mm wide without an aluminum plating layer so as to ensure the insulation with the planar electric heating material layer 5. Using 0.5mm2The temperature-resistant plastic copper flexible wire is firmly connected with the current-carrying electrode 301.
The upper and lower waterproof flame-retardant insulating layers 1 and 7 are made of glass fiber flame-retardant silicone rubber composite films with the length of 500mm, the width of 500mm and the thickness of 0.3 mm.
The first, second and third flame-retardant adhesive layers 2, 4 and 6 are made of the PA flame-retardant hot-melt adhesive film prepared in the above way, and the PA flame-retardant hot-melt adhesive film has the thickness of 0.1mm, the length of 500mm and the width of 500 mm.
The above materials are put into a thermal compounding machine according to the figure 1, and are pressurized and heated to be made into the power density of 600W/m2The electrothermal film has flame-retardant and leakage current shielding functions.
And the vertical burning test is carried out according to the ANSL-UL94-2009 standard, and the flame retardant grade can reach V0.
Example 3
The planar electric heating material layer 5 is a graphene electric heating film with the power density of 1000W/m2460mm long, 220mm wide and 0.3mm thick. Using 0.5mm2The plastic copper flexible wire is firmly connected with the first and second conductive electrodes 501 and 502.
The leakage current shielding layer 3 is made of a PET aluminizer with the thickness of 0.05mm, the length of 460mm and the width of 220 mm. A circle of the periphery of the surface of the plating layer is at least 25mm wide without an aluminum plating layer so as to ensure the insulation with the planar electric heating material layer 5. Using 0.5mm2The glass fiber silica gel annealed copper wire is firmly connected with the current-carrying electrode 301.
The upper and lower waterproof flame-retardant insulating layers 1 and 7 are made of glass fiber flame-retardant silicone rubber composite films, and the glass fiber flame-retardant silicone rubber composite films are 500mm long, 250mm wide and 0.3mm thick.
The first, second and third flame-retardant adhesive layers 2, 4 and 6 are made of the PA flame-retardant hot-melt adhesive film prepared in the above way, and the PA flame-retardant hot-melt adhesive film has the thickness of 0.1mm, the length of 500mm and the width of 250 mm.
The above materials are put into a thermal compounding machine according to the figure 1, and are pressurized and heated to be made into the material with the power density of 1000W/m2The electrothermal film has flame-retardant and leakage current shielding functions.
And the vertical burning test is carried out according to the ANSL-UL94-2009 standard, and the flame retardant grade can reach V0.
Example 4
The flame-retardant hot film prepared by the embodiment is suitable for working under the direct-current voltage of 12V.
The planar electric heating material layer 5 is a graphene electric heating film with the power density of 360W/m2270mm long, 80mm wide and 0.3mm thick. By 0.3mm2Silicon rubber copperThe flexible wires are firmly connected to the first and second conductive electrodes 501 and 502.
The upper and lower waterproof flame-retardant insulating layers 1 and 7 are made of glass fiber flame-retardant silicone rubber composite films with the length of 300mm, the width of 100mm and the thickness of 0.2 mm.
The first and third flame-retardant adhesive layers 2 and 6 are made of the prepared PA flame-retardant hot-melt adhesive film, and the thickness of the PA flame-retardant hot-melt adhesive film is 0.1mm, the length of the PA flame-retardant hot-melt adhesive film is 300mm, and the width of the PA flame-retardant hot-melt adhesive film is 100 mm.
The above materials are put into a thermal compounding machine according to the figure 2, and are pressurized and heated to be made into the material with the power density of 360W/m2The working voltage is 12V direct current.
And the vertical burning test is carried out according to the ANSL-UL94-2009 standard, and the flame retardant grade can reach V0.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and the scope of protection is still within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a can shield flame retardant electric heat membrane of leakage current which characterized in that, includes the functional layer: a planar electric heating material layer, a leakage current shielding layer and a waterproof flame-retardant insulating layer; the functional layers are bonded into a whole through the flame-retardant binder layer.
2. The flame-retardant electrothermal film capable of shielding leakage current according to claim 1, wherein: the planar electric heating material layer is one of a metal-based electric heating film, an inorganic nonmetal-based electric heating film, a graphene electric heating film, a polymer electric heating film and a polymer composite electric heating film.
3. The flame-retardant electrothermal film capable of shielding leakage current according to claim 1, wherein: the leakage current shielding layer is one of PP, PE, PET and PI aluminized films or a film-shaped conductive material with the resistance per unit area smaller than 3000 omega;
the aluminizer or the film-shaped conductive material is mutually insulated with the planar electrothermal material layer.
4. The flame-retardant electrothermal film capable of shielding leakage current according to claim 3, wherein: and a current-carrying copper foil strip is arranged on the surface of the aluminized film or the film-shaped conductive material in the length direction.
5. The flame-retardant electrothermal film capable of shielding leakage current according to claim 1, wherein: the waterproof flame-retardant insulating layer is a flame-retardant fiber composite material or a flame-retardant film material;
the flame-retardant fiber composite material is a composite material of any one of woven fabrics of glass fibers, ceramic fibers, boron fibers, aramid fibers, polyimide fibers and polyether-ether-ketone fibers and any one of flame-retardant silicone rubber, polytetrafluoroethylene, flame-retardant PU and flame-retardant PET;
the flame-retardant film material is one of a polyimide film, a flame-retardant PU film and a flame-retardant PET film.
6. The flame-retardant electrothermal film capable of shielding leakage current according to claim 1, wherein: the flame-retardant adhesive layer is composed of 5-50 parts by mass of a flame retardant, 0-15 parts by mass of a flame-retardant synergist and 0.1-10 parts by mass of a coupling agent, relative to 100 parts by mass of a hot-melt resin base material.
7. The flame-retardant electrothermal film capable of shielding leakage current according to claim 6, wherein: the hot-melt resin base material is selected from one of EVA, PO, PA, PES, PE, PP and TPU.
8. The flame-retardant electrothermal film capable of shielding leakage current according to claim 6, wherein: the flame retardant is selected from a phosphorus flame retardant or a nitrogen flame retardant;
the phosphorus flame retardant is selected from one of CR505, DMMP, RDP, IPPP and TCP;
the nitrogen flame retardant is selected from one of melamine, MCA, MP and APP.
9. The flame-retardant electrothermal film capable of shielding leakage current according to claim 6, wherein: the flame-retardant synergist is one or more selected from antimony trioxide, zinc borate, aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide.
10. The flame-retardant electrothermal film capable of shielding leakage current according to claim 6, wherein: the coupling agent is selected from one of KH550, KH560, KH566 and KH 579.
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| WO2024047254A1 (en) * | 2022-09-02 | 2024-03-07 | Nexgen Heating Limited | Space heating film |
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Application publication date: 20201106 |