CN111900427A - Fuel cell stack and series-parallel connection method thereof - Google Patents
Fuel cell stack and series-parallel connection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111900427A CN111900427A CN201910372835.2A CN201910372835A CN111900427A CN 111900427 A CN111900427 A CN 111900427A CN 201910372835 A CN201910372835 A CN 201910372835A CN 111900427 A CN111900427 A CN 111900427A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0267—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors having heating or cooling means, e.g. heaters or coolant flow channels
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2404—Processes or apparatus for grouping fuel cells
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/2465—Details of groupings of fuel cells
- H01M8/2483—Details of groupings of fuel cells characterised by internal manifolds
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The invention relates to a fuel cell stack and a series-parallel connection method thereof, belonging to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells. The fuel cell monomer is an independent electrochemical power generation functional unit and mainly comprises an oxygen flow field plate, a membrane electrode, a hydrogen flow field plate, an insulating fixing piece and the like, wherein an oxygen inlet and an oxygen outlet are designed on the oxygen flow field plate, and a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet are arranged on the hydrogen flow field plate. The fuel cell stack consists of a fuel cell monomer and an oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate, wherein the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate is formed by combining three layers of metal forming pieces and has the functions of distributing hydrogen and oxygen flow and cooling water channels; the fuel cell single bodies are arranged on the gas distribution plates, the hydrogen and oxygen inlets respectively correspond to the hydrogen and oxygen inlets, and a layer of distribution plate can be configured with a plurality of single bodies in parallel; and then stacked one on top of the other to form a cell stack. The invention can connect the gas inlet and outlet of the fuel cell in parallel, and has the advantages of simple manufacturing process, increased output current of the cell stack and good cooling effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a fuel cell stack and a series-parallel connection method thereof, belonging to the technical field of hydrogen fuel cells.
Background
The lithium ion power battery is popularized and applied in the pure electric vehicle as an energy storage device, but the pure electric vehicle is only suitable for personal short-distance transportation due to long charging time and short driving range, and a very possible solution scheme for a mobile tool for long-distance transportation in the future focuses on a hydrogen proton exchange membrane fuel cell system.
With the development of new energy technology and material technology, the bottleneck technology of preparing, storing and transporting hydrogen is solved; the improvement of the preparation technology of the catalyst greatly reduces the application carrying capacity of the noble metal catalyst, and simultaneously, the expansion of the application scene of the hydrogen fuel cell forms a scale effect, so that the cost of the fuel cell is greatly reduced; in addition, the fuel cell automobile is taken as the strategic direction of the key development of China in China, and the development situation of the fuel cell is rapidly appeared.
Currently, a fuel cell stack is composed of bipolar plates for serial connection, membrane electrodes, and seal members. The bipolar plate is distributed with hydrogen and oxygen supply channels and cooling water channels, and is made of metal bipolar plates, graphite bipolar plates and composite bipolar plates; the membrane electrode is formed by heat sealing of a hydrogen side diffusion layer, a catalyst layer, a proton exchange membrane, a catalyst layer and an oxygen diffusion layer; the bipolar plates, membrane electrode and seal are secured together by connectors to form a fuel cell stack. The structure is characterized in that the membrane electrodes of the core piece of the single fuel cell are connected in series through the bipolar plates, higher voltage can be provided for the outside, but the area of the membrane electrode needs to be increased in order to increase larger current. Moreover, the manufacturing process of the bipolar plate in the traditional fuel cell structure is complicated, the gas between the single fuel cells can not be connected in parallel, and the output current of the cell stack can not be increased well.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel single structure of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and a method for connecting single gas channels of the novel single structure in parallel. The novel fuel cell monomer mainly comprises an oxygen flow field plate, a membrane electrode, a hydrogen flow field plate, an insulating fixing piece and the like, wherein an oxygen inlet and an oxygen outlet are designed on the oxygen flow field plate, and a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet are arranged on the hydrogen flow field plate. The fuel cell stack consists of single fuel cells and oxyhydrogen gas distribution plates, and gas inlets and gas outlets of the single fuel cells can be connected in parallel, so that the fuel cell stack is a novel fuel cell stack structure. The structure of the invention provides a novel hydrogen, oxygen, thermal management and cell stack assembly device, and compared with the structure of the original fuel cell stack, the invention is a brand-new electrochemical power generation device.
The invention provides a fuel cell stack, which consists of a fuel cell monomer and a hydrogen-oxygen gas distribution plate, wherein the fuel cell monomer comprises a hydrogen flow field plate, an oxygen flow field plate, a membrane electrode and an insulating fixing piece; similarly, the oxygen inlets and the oxygen outlets of the plurality of fuel cell monomers are respectively connected in parallel through the other side of the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate, and in the aspect of electrical connection, wires are respectively led out through the hydrogen flow field plate 1 or the oxygen flow field plate to be connected in series and in parallel, or the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate is used as a conductor to connect the fuel cell monomers after the plurality of fuel cell monomers are connected in parallel in series.
In addition, in the fuel cell stack, the insulating fixing member includes an insulating sealing U-shaped pad and a metal fixing U-shaped clip strip, the hydrogen flow field plate, the oxygen flow field plate and the membrane electrode are stacked together to form a laminated body, the insulating sealing U-shaped pad is mounted around the laminated body, the metal fixing U-shaped clip strip is clipped on the insulating sealing U-shaped pad, and mechanical pressure is applied to squeeze and deform the metal fixing U-shaped clip strip, so that the laminated body is fixed, insulated and sealed.
In addition, in the fuel cell stack, the outer side of the hydrogen flow field plate is provided with a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet which respectively correspond to an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline of a hydrogen channel on the hydrogen-oxygen gas distribution plate, and the materials of the hydrogen flow field plate can adopt metal surface treatment, graphite and metal composite materials; the outer side of the oxygen flow field plate is provided with an oxygen inlet and an oxygen outlet which respectively correspond to an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline of an oxygen channel on the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate, and the materials of the oxygen flow field plate can adopt metal surface treatment, graphite and metal composite materials.
In addition, in the fuel cell stack, the membrane electrode is formed by heat-sealing and combining a hydrogen diffusion electrode formed by coating a conductive substrate, a catalyst layer, a proton exchange membrane and an oxygen diffusion electrode formed by coating a conductive substrate.
In the fuel cell stack, the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate is composed of a hydrogen distribution plate, a common partition plate, and an oxygen distribution plate.
In addition, in the fuel cell stack, the hydrogen distribution plate is formed by cold pressing a metal plate, a plurality of hydrogen inlets, hydrogen outlets and a common hydrogen inlet and outlet are arranged on the hydrogen distribution plate, and a liquid cooling channel and a cooling water inlet and outlet are formed; the oxygen distribution plate is formed by cold pressing a metal plate, a plurality of oxygen inlets, oxygen outlets and a common oxygen inlet are arranged on the oxygen distribution plate, and a liquid cooling channel and a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet are formed; the common partition plate is made of a metal plate having the same texture as the distribution plate and good weldability.
In addition, in the fuel cell stack, the hydrogen distribution plate, the common partition plate, and the oxygen distribution plate are stacked in sequence and then welded to form a desired sealed passage.
Finally, in addition, in the fuel cell stack, a plurality of hydrogen gas inlets and hydrogen gas outlets on the hydrogen distribution plate respectively correspond to a plurality of hydrogen gas inlets and hydrogen gas outlets of a plurality of fuel cell monomers, and a plurality of oxygen gas inlets and oxygen gas outlets on the oxygen distribution plate respectively correspond to a plurality of oxygen gas inlets and oxygen gas outlets of a plurality of fuel cell monomers.
The invention also provides a series-parallel connection method of the fuel cell stack, the fuel cell stack consists of a fuel cell monomer and a hydrogen-oxygen gas distribution plate, the fuel cell monomer comprises a hydrogen flow field plate, an oxygen flow field plate, a membrane electrode and an insulating fixing piece, the hydrogen flow field plate is provided with a hydrogen gas inlet and a hydrogen gas outlet, the oxygen flow field plate is provided with an oxygen gas inlet and an oxygen gas outlet, and the series-parallel connection method of the fuel cell stack comprises the following steps: the fuel cell units are placed on the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate, and the hydrogen gas inlets and the hydrogen gas outlets of the plurality of fuel cell units are respectively connected in parallel through one side of the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate; similarly, the oxygen inlets and the oxygen outlets of the plurality of fuel cell monomers are respectively connected in parallel through the other side of the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate, and in the aspect of electrical connection, wires are respectively led out through the hydrogen flow field plate 1 or the oxygen flow field plate to be connected in series and in parallel, or the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate is used as a conductor to connect the fuel cell monomers after the plurality of fuel cell monomers are connected in parallel in series. The layers are stacked one on top of the other and are joined together by seals and bolts to form the fuel cell stack.
Each cell unit (monomer) is an independent electrochemical power generation functional unit and mainly comprises an oxygen flow field plate, a membrane electrode and a hydrogen flow field plate, wherein the membrane electrode is formed by respectively contacting non-coating areas of positive and negative current collectors with the hydrogen or oxygen flow field plate; the flow field plate can be formed by metal punch forming and surface treatment to solve electrochemical corrosion, can be in welding or extrusion contact with a membrane electrode to ensure the minimum serial resistance, and can also be formed by graphite materials or composite materials; the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate is formed by combining three layers of metal forming pieces and has the functions of distributing the flow of hydrogen and oxygen and cooling water channels; the fuel cell single bodies are arranged on the gas distribution plates, the hydrogen and oxygen inlets respectively correspond to the hydrogen and oxygen inlets, and a layer of distribution plate can be provided with a plurality of single bodies which are connected in parallel (gas channels); and then stacked one on top of the other to form a cell stack. The cell stack is provided with a total oxygen inlet, a total oxygen outlet, a total hydrogen inlet, a total hydrogen outlet, a plurality of cooling water inlets and a plurality of cooling water outlets.
The structure and method of the present invention have the following advantages:
1. each fuel cell unit is an independent system and is provided with a positive electrode lead-out end, a negative electrode lead-out end, an air inlet and an air outlet, and hydrogen and oxygen are connected to generate electricity; compared with the bipolar plate in the traditional fuel cell structure, the invention is simplified into a single gas flow field plate, and the manufacturing process is simple.
2. The invention solves the problem of gas parallel connection among the fuel battery monomers, and can realize parallel connection and then series connection among the fuel battery monomers. The output current of the cell stack can be increased.
3. The structure integrates the cooling liquid channel on the gas distribution, and can cool each fuel cell monomer.
Drawings
Figure 1A is a B-direction view of one fuel cell configuration of the invention shown in figure 1B.
Fig. 1B is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell according to the present invention.
Figure 1C is a view of a fuel cell configuration of the present invention as shown in figure 1B in the direction of direction a.
Fig. 2A is a view of the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate according to the invention in direction B of the structure of fig. 2B of a fuel cell.
Fig. 2B is a schematic structural diagram of an oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate according to a fuel cell structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2C is a view of the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate according to the invention in the configuration of fig. 2B.
Fig. 3A is a top view of a schematic of the cell stack of fig. 3B according to the present invention.
Fig. 3B is a schematic diagram of a cell stack according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings. Figure 1A is a B-direction view of one fuel cell configuration of the invention shown in figure 1B. Fig. 1B is a schematic diagram of a fuel cell according to the present invention. Figure 1C is a view of a fuel cell configuration of the present invention as shown in figure 1B in the direction of direction a. Fig. 2A is a view of the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate according to the invention in direction B of the structure of fig. 2B of a fuel cell. Fig. 2B is a schematic structural diagram of an oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate according to a fuel cell structure of the present invention. Fig. 2C is a view of the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate according to the invention in the configuration of fig. 2B. Fig. 3A is a top view of a schematic of the cell stack of fig. 3B according to the present invention. Fig. 3B is a schematic diagram of a cell stack according to the present invention. In the figure, 1 is a fuel cell monomer, 2 is a gas distribution plate, 3 is an end plate, 1-1 is a hydrogen flow field plate, 1-2 is an oxygen flow field plate, 1-3 is a membrane electrode, 1-4 is an insulating sealing U-shaped pad, 1-5 is a metal fixing U-shaped clamping strip, 2-1 is a hydrogen distribution plate, 2-2 is a common partition plate, 2-3 is an oxygen distribution plate, Y1 is an oxygen inlet, Y2 is an oxygen outlet, Q1 is a hydrogen inlet, Q2 is a hydrogen outlet, Y1Z is an oxygen main inlet (common oxygen inlet), Y2Z is an oxygen main outlet (common oxygen outlet), Q1Z is a hydrogen main inlet (common hydrogen inlet), Q2Z is a hydrogen main outlet (common hydrogen outlet), L1 is a cooling water inlet, L2 is a cooling water outlet, QL is a hydrogen flow channel, YL is an oxygen flow channel, and LS is a cooling water channel.
The fuel cell monomer mainly comprises an oxygen flow field plate 1-2, a membrane electrode 1-3, a hydrogen flow field plate 1-1, an insulating fixing piece and the like, wherein the insulating fixing piece comprises an insulating sealing U-shaped pad 1-4 and a metal fixing U-shaped clamping strip 1-5. An oxygen inlet and outlet Y1 and Y2 are designed on the oxygen flow field plate 1-2, and a hydrogen inlet and outlet Q1 and Q2 are arranged on the hydrogen flow field plate 1-1; the fuel cell stack of the present invention includes a fuel cell unit 1, an oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate 2, and an end plate 3.
Each cell unit (monomer) 1 is an independent electrochemical power generation functional unit and mainly comprises an oxygen flow field plate 1-2, a membrane electrode 1-3 and a hydrogen flow field plate 1-1, wherein the membrane electrode 1-3 is formed by respectively contacting a non-coating area of a positive current collector and a non-coating area of a negative current collector with a hydrogen flow field plate or an oxygen flow field plate; the flow field plate can be formed by punching and molding metal and surface treatment to solve electrochemical corrosion, can be in welding or extrusion contact with the membrane electrode 1-3 to ensure the minimum serial resistance, and can also be formed by graphite materials or composite materials; the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate 2 is formed by combining three layers of metal formed pieces and has the functions of distributing the flow of hydrogen and oxygen and cooling water channels; the fuel cell monomer 1 is placed on the gas distribution plate 2, the hydrogen and oxygen inlets respectively correspond to the hydrogen and oxygen inlets, and a layer of distribution plate can be provided with a plurality of monomers which are connected in parallel (gas channels); and then stacked one on top of the other to form a cell stack. The cell stack is provided with a total oxygen inlet Y1Z, a total oxygen outlet Y2Z, a total hydrogen inlet Q1Z, a total hydrogen outlet Q2Z, a plurality of cooling water inlets L1 and a plurality of cooling water outlets L2.
As shown in fig. 1A-1C, a proton fuel cell monomer 1 of the present invention mainly includes a hydrogen flow field plate 1-1, an oxygen flow field plate 1-2, a membrane electrode 1-3, an insulating sealing U-shaped gasket 1-4, and a metal fixing U-shaped clamping strip 1-5. The outer side of the hydrogen flow field plate 1-1 is provided with a hydrogen inlet Q1 and a hydrogen outlet Q2 (respectively corresponding to an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline of a hydrogen channel on the distribution plate), and the materials can adopt metal surface treatment, graphite and metal composite materials; the outer side of the oxygen flow field plate 1-2 is provided with an oxygen inlet Y1 and an oxygen outlet Y2 (respectively corresponding to an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline of an oxygen channel on the distribution plate), and the materials can adopt metal surface treatment, graphite and metal composite materials; the membrane electrode 1-3 is formed by the heat seal combination of a hydrogen diffusion electrode formed by coating a conductive substrate, a catalyst layer, a proton exchange membrane and an oxygen diffusion electrode formed by coating the conductive substrate. The hydrogen flow field plate 1-1, the oxygen flow field plate 1-2 and the membrane electrode 1-3 are overlapped to form a laminated body, an insulating sealing U-shaped pad 1-4 is arranged at the periphery of the laminated body, a metal fixing U-shaped clamping strip 1-5 is clamped on the insulating sealing U-shaped pad 1-4, and mechanical pressure is applied to extrude and deform the metal fixing U-shaped clamping strip 1-5, so that the laminated body is fixed, insulated and sealed, plays the roles of fixing, insulating and sealing, and forms an independent fuel cell monomer 1. In the aspect of gas supply, the fuel cell unit 1 can connect the hydrogen gas inlets Q1 and the hydrogen gas outlets Q2 of the plurality of units 1 in parallel through one side of the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate 2; similarly, the oxygen inlets Y1 and the oxygen outlets Y2 of the plurality of fuel cells 1 can be connected in parallel on the other side; in the aspect of electrical connection, wires are respectively led out through the hydrogen flow field plates 1-1 or the oxygen flow field plates 1-2 to be connected in series and in parallel, or a gas distribution plate 2 is used as a conductor to connect a plurality of fuel cell monomers with the monomers 1 connected in parallel in series to form a fuel cell stack with larger output current and voltage, as shown in fig. 3A-3B.
The oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate 2 shown in FIGS. 2A-2C is composed of a hydrogen distribution plate 2-1, a common partition plate 2-2, and an oxygen distribution plate 2-3. The hydrogen distribution plate 2-1 is formed by cold pressing a metal plate, is provided with a plurality of hydrogen inlets Q1, hydrogen outlets Q2 and common hydrogen inlets and outlets Q1Z and Q2Z, and is formed with a liquid cooling channel (cooling water channel) LS and cooling water inlets and outlets L1 and L2; the oxygen distribution plate 2-3 is formed by cold pressing a metal plate, is provided with a plurality of oxygen inlets Y1, oxygen outlets Y2 and common oxygen inlets Y1Z, and forms a liquid cooling channel LS and cooling water inlets and outlets L1 and L2; the common partition plate 2-2 is made of a metal plate having the same texture as the distribution plate and good weldability. The hydrogen distribution plate 2-1, the common partition plate 2-2 and the oxygen distribution plate 2-3 are stacked in sequence and then welded into a desired sealed passage. The hydrogen inlets and outlets Q1 and Q2 on the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate 2 respectively correspond to the hydrogen and oxygen inlets and outlets Q1, Q2, Y1 and Y2 of the fuel cells 1. The oxyhydrogen gas inlet and outlet common ports Q1Z, Q2Z, Y1Z and Y2Z corresponding to the gas distribution plates 2 are respectively corresponding to the other gas distribution plates 2 and are connected together by a seal and bolts to form a cell stack. As shown in fig. 3A-3B.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A fuel cell stack is characterized by comprising a fuel cell monomer and a hydrogen-oxygen gas distribution plate, wherein the fuel cell monomer comprises a hydrogen flow field plate, an oxygen flow field plate, a membrane electrode and an insulating fixing piece, the hydrogen flow field plate is provided with a hydrogen gas inlet and a hydrogen gas outlet, the oxygen flow field plate is provided with an oxygen gas inlet and an oxygen gas outlet, the fuel cell monomer is placed on the hydrogen-oxygen gas distribution plate, and the hydrogen gas inlet and the hydrogen gas outlet of a plurality of fuel cell monomers are respectively connected in parallel through one side of the hydrogen-oxygen gas distribution plate; similarly, the oxygen inlets and the oxygen outlets of the plurality of fuel cell monomers are respectively connected in parallel through the other side of the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate, and in the aspect of electrical connection, wires are respectively led out through the hydrogen flow field plate 1 or the oxygen flow field plate to be connected in series and in parallel, or the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate is used as a conductor to connect the fuel cell monomers after the plurality of fuel cell monomers are connected in parallel in series.
2. The fuel cell stack according to claim 1, wherein the insulating fixing member comprises an insulating sealing U-shaped gasket and a metal fixing U-shaped clamping strip, the hydrogen flow field plate, the oxygen flow field plate and the membrane electrode are stacked together to form a stack, the insulating sealing U-shaped gasket is arranged around the stack, the metal fixing U-shaped clamping strip is clamped on the insulating sealing U-shaped gasket, and mechanical pressure is applied to squeeze and deform the metal fixing U-shaped clamping strip, so that the stack is fixed, insulated and sealed.
3. The fuel cell stack of claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydrogen flow field plate is provided at an outer side thereof with a hydrogen inlet and a hydrogen outlet, respectively corresponding to the inlet and outlet channels of the hydrogen channel on the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate, and the material of the inlet and outlet channels can be metal surface treatment, graphite or metal composite material; the outer side of the oxygen flow field plate is provided with an oxygen inlet and an oxygen outlet which respectively correspond to an air inlet pipeline and an air outlet pipeline of an oxygen channel on the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate, and the materials of the oxygen flow field plate can adopt metal surface treatment, graphite and metal composite materials.
4. The fuel cell stack according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the membrane electrode is formed by heat-sealing a hydrogen diffusion electrode formed by coating an electrically conductive substrate, a catalyst layer, a proton exchange membrane, and an oxygen diffusion electrode formed by coating an electrically conductive substrate.
5. The fuel cell stack according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate is composed of a hydrogen distribution plate, a common partition plate, and an oxygen distribution plate.
6. The fuel cell stack according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydrogen distribution plate is cold-pressed from a metal plate, and is provided with a plurality of hydrogen gas inlets, hydrogen gas outlets, and common hydrogen inlets and outlets, and is formed with liquid cooling channels and cooling water inlets and outlets; the oxygen distribution plate is formed by cold pressing a metal plate, a plurality of oxygen inlets, oxygen outlets and a common oxygen inlet are arranged on the oxygen distribution plate, and a liquid cooling channel and a cooling water inlet and a cooling water outlet are formed; the common partition plate is made of a metal plate having the same texture as the distribution plate and good weldability.
7. The fuel cell stack according to claim 6, wherein the hydrogen distribution plate, the common partition plate, and the oxygen distribution plate are stacked in sequence and then welded to form the desired sealed passages.
8. The fuel cell stack of claim 7, wherein the plurality of hydrogen inlets and hydrogen outlets of the hydrogen distribution plate correspond to the plurality of hydrogen inlets and hydrogen outlets of the plurality of fuel cells, respectively, and the plurality of oxygen inlets and oxygen outlets of the oxygen distribution plate correspond to the plurality of oxygen inlets and oxygen outlets of the plurality of fuel cells, respectively.
9. A series-parallel connection method of a fuel cell stack is characterized in that the fuel cell stack is composed of a fuel cell monomer and a hydrogen-oxygen gas distribution plate, the fuel cell monomer comprises a hydrogen flow field plate, an oxygen flow field plate, a membrane electrode and an insulating fixing piece, a hydrogen gas inlet and a hydrogen gas outlet are arranged on the hydrogen flow field plate, an oxygen gas inlet and an oxygen gas outlet are arranged on the oxygen flow field plate, and the series-parallel connection method of the fuel cell stack comprises the following steps: the fuel cell units are placed on the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate, and the hydrogen gas inlets and the hydrogen gas outlets of the plurality of fuel cell units are respectively connected in parallel through one side of the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate; similarly, the oxygen inlets and the oxygen outlets of the plurality of fuel cell monomers are respectively connected in parallel through the other side of the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate, and in the aspect of electrical connection, wires are respectively led out through the hydrogen flow field plate 1 or the oxygen flow field plate to be connected in series and in parallel, or the oxyhydrogen gas distribution plate is used as a conductor to connect the fuel cell monomers after the plurality of fuel cell monomers are connected in parallel in series.
10. The method of series-parallel connection of fuel cell stacks according to claim 9, wherein the fuel cell stacks are stacked one on top of the other and are connected together by seals and bolts.
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