CN111898888A - Comprehensive evaluation method for automobile dynamic sound quality - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive evaluation method for the quality of automobile dynamic sound, which comprises the following steps: s1, constructing an automobile dynamic sound quality comprehensive evaluation index system, wherein the automobile dynamic sound quality comprehensive evaluation index system comprises a first level and a second level, the first level comprises a first evaluation index, and the second level comprises at least one second evaluation index associated with the first evaluation index; s2, obtaining subjective evaluation scores of each evaluation index by using a subjective evaluation experiment and carrying out an equivalent processing; s3, establishing a relation model between two layers by adopting a multiple linear regression model; and S4, calculating the weight ratio of each evaluation index in the second level to the first evaluation index in the first level. The method can carry out subjective evaluation on the automobile dynamic sound quality from multiple dimensions, deeply focuses on the attention point of a consumer on the automobile dynamic sound quality, provides reasonable and effective basis for the design of the automobile dynamic sound quality of subsequent different styles, and meets the diversified requirements of the consumer on the automobile dynamic sound quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of automobile NVH performance, in particular to an automobile dynamic sound quality comprehensive evaluation method.
Background
With the development of automobile technology and the upgrading of consumption demands, consumers no longer singly pursue low noise in automobiles, but demand for automobile sound quality gradually diversifies. As one of the important requirements of the sound quality of an automobile, the dynamic sound quality of an automobile has received much attention from researchers and automobile manufacturers. The subjective evaluation of the automobile dynamic sound quality is an important link for determining the preference of a consumer to the automobile dynamic sound quality, can visually reflect the experience of the consumer to the automobile dynamic sound, and provides a key basis for the subsequent creation of the automobile dynamic sound quality.
CN110208002A discloses a sound quality subjective evaluation system based on a local area network architecture, which comprises four technical means of vehicle type sound sample collection, evaluation method definition, evaluator information filling and scoring and data processing, and solves the technical problems of low sound quality subjective evaluation efficiency, high cost and low subjective evaluation credibility at present, but does not deeply dig a subjective evaluation system specific to automobile dynamic sound quality.
CN110285982A discloses a method, a device and a controller for evaluating the relative change of sound quality of an automobile or an engine, which mainly includes the acquisition of sound sample signals and rotation speed signals, the division of sound signal data blocks, the determination of sound quality parameters of the sound signal data blocks and the determination of VER relative change caused by the difference of sound quality parameters between the sound signal data blocks, and can quickly identify the characteristic working condition or rotation speed segment with obvious subjective feeling difference, thereby providing a quantitative means for the evaluation of dynamically changed sound quality. The technology considers the dynamic change process of the automobile dynamic sound, but does not relate to a subjective evaluation system of the quality of the automobile dynamic sound.
At present, the subjective evaluation dimension of the automobile dynamic sound quality is mainly 'overall satisfaction/preference', and the automobile dynamic sound quality is not subjectively evaluated from multiple dimensions. The overall satisfaction/preference degree is taken as the subjective evaluation dimension of the automobile dynamic sound quality, the overall satisfaction/preference degree of a consumer on the automobile dynamic sound quality can be intuitively reflected, but the evaluation dimension is single, the attention point of the consumer on the automobile dynamic sound quality cannot be deeply excavated, the basis provided for the subsequent automobile dynamic sound quality design has certain limitation, and the diversified requirements of the consumer on the automobile dynamic sound quality are difficult to meet.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation method for automobile dynamic sound quality, which can carry out subjective evaluation on the automobile dynamic sound quality from multiple dimensions, deeply focus the attention point of a consumer on the automobile dynamic sound quality, provide reasonable and effective basis for the subsequent automobile dynamic sound quality design of different styles and meet the diversified requirements of the consumer on the automobile dynamic sound quality.
The invention relates to a comprehensive evaluation method for the quality of automobile dynamic sound, which comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing an automobile dynamic sound quality comprehensive evaluation index system, wherein the automobile dynamic sound quality comprehensive evaluation index system comprises a first level and a second level, the first level comprises a first evaluation index, and the second level comprises at least one second evaluation index associated with the first evaluation index;
s2, obtaining subjective evaluation scores of each evaluation index by using a subjective evaluation experiment and carrying out an equivalent processing;
s3, establishing a relation model between two layers by adopting a multiple linear regression model;
and S4, calculating the weight ratio of each evaluation index in the second level to the first evaluation index in the first level.
Further, the first evaluation index is the total satisfaction degree of the dynamic sound, and the total satisfaction degree of the dynamic sound refers to the total satisfaction degree of evaluators on the dynamic sound of the automobile during acceleration of the automobile. The second level comprises four second evaluation indexes which are respectively the sound size satisfaction degree, the sound linearity degree, the sound purity degree and the sound dynamic sensitivity degree. The sound intensity satisfaction degree refers to the subjective satisfaction degree of an evaluator on the magnitude of the automobile dynamic sound when the automobile accelerates. The sound linear velocity refers to the subjective linear degree of the automobile dynamic sound increasing along with the increase of the rotating speed when the automobile accelerates, for example, when the automobile is in rolling, the automobile 'sound linear velocity' is low. The sound purity is a subjective roughness degree of the automobile dynamic sound evaluated when the automobile is accelerated, and the stronger the subjective roughness of the automobile dynamic sound, the lower the sound purity of the automobile. The dynamic sensitivity of sound refers to the subjective dynamic feeling/strength feeling degree of the dynamic sound of the automobile when the automobile is accelerated.
Further, the relationship model between two layers in S3 is
In the formula, Q*Is a subjective score vector V of the first evaluation index of the first level after the equal-magnitude processingi *Is the subjective score vector of the ith second evaluation index of the second level after the equal-magnitude processing, aiIs a regression coefficient, c is a constant, aiAnd c, solving by adopting a least square method;
further, the method in S4 adopts
Calculating the weight ratio of the second evaluation index of the second level to the first level, wherein wiIs the weight ratio of the ith second evaluation index in the second level to the first level, aiAre regression coefficients.
Further, the S2 specifically includes: m appraisers finish the subjective evaluation experiment by adopting a subjective evaluation method, the subjective evaluation experiment comprises N dynamic sound samples, and the subjective scores of the N dynamic sound samples in a first evaluation index and a second evaluation index are obtained by utilizing a data processing method;
by using
The treatment of the same magnitude is carried out,
in the formula, Q*The subjective score vector is a first evaluation index of a first level after the equal magnitude processing;
the subjective score of the first evaluation index of the first level of the nth dynamic sound sample after the equal-magnitude processing is obtained; vi *The subjective score vector of the ith second evaluation index of the second level after the equal-magnitude processing,
the subjective score of the ith second evaluation index of the second level of the nth dynamic sound sample after the equal-magnitude processing is obtained; q is a subjective score vector of the first evaluation index of the first level before the equal-magnitude processing, ViA vector of subjective scores, v, of a first second evaluation index of a second level before the equal-magnitude processinginThe subjective score of the ith second evaluation index of the second hierarchy of the nth automobile dynamic sound sample is obtained; eta is magnitude amplitude and is reasonably selected according to actual conditions.
Further, the subjective evaluation method is a pair comparison method, a grade evaluation method, a simple sorting method, a semantic subdivision method or a grouping grade comparison method. The subjective evaluation method is reasonably selected according to the number of dynamic sound samples, the number of evaluators, the evaluation experience degree of the evaluators, the evaluation time and other factors.
Further, the data processing method is a cluster analysis method, a correlation analysis method, an averaging method or a fuzzy algorithm.
The method comprises the steps of constructing a two-level-multi-dimensional comprehensive evaluation index system, obtaining a subjective evaluation result by adopting a reasonable subjective evaluation experiment of the automobile dynamic sound quality based on the comprehensive evaluation index system, establishing a relation model between two levels by adopting a multiple linear regression model after the equivalent processing, and obtaining the weight ratio of each evaluation index in a second level to a first evaluation index by calculation. According to the weight proportion, the attention points of different types of market consumers on the automobile dynamic sound quality can be focused deeply, the automobile dynamic sound quality characteristics of different styles are defined, a reasonable and effective basis is provided for the design of the automobile dynamic sound quality, and the diversified automobile dynamic sound quality requirements of the consumers are met.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the comprehensive evaluation index system of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the subjective evaluation test grouping of N dynamic sound samples according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
A comprehensive evaluation method for the dynamic sound quality of an automobile comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing a comprehensive evaluation index system of the automobile dynamic sound quality based on the attention of market research consumers to the automobile dynamic sound quality, and referring to fig. 1, wherein the comprehensive evaluation index system comprises a first level and a second level, the first level comprises a first evaluation index, the first evaluation index is the total satisfaction degree of dynamic sound, and the total satisfaction degree of dynamic sound refers to the total satisfaction degree of evaluation personnel to the automobile dynamic sound when the automobile is accelerated. The second tier comprises four second evaluation indicators associated with the first evaluation indicator, in particular: the four second evaluation indexes are the sound size satisfaction degree, the sound linearity degree, the sound purity degree and the sound dynamic sensitivity degree respectively. The sound intensity satisfaction degree refers to the subjective satisfaction degree of an evaluator on the magnitude of the automobile dynamic sound when the automobile accelerates. The sound linear velocity refers to the subjective linear degree of the automobile dynamic sound increasing along with the increase of the rotating speed when the automobile accelerates, for example, when the automobile is in rolling, the automobile 'sound linear velocity' is low. The sound purity is a subjective roughness degree of the automobile dynamic sound evaluated when the automobile is accelerated, and the stronger the subjective roughness of the automobile dynamic sound, the lower the sound purity of the automobile. The dynamic sensitivity of sound refers to the subjective dynamic feeling/strength feeling degree of the dynamic sound of the automobile when the automobile is accelerated.
And S2, obtaining subjective evaluation scores of the evaluation indexes by using a subjective evaluation experiment and carrying out magnitude processing. Specifically, the subjective evaluation experiment included 23 automobile dynamic sound samples, and a total of 133 consumers participated in the experiment as evaluators. Because the number of the dynamic sound samples exceeds 20, the number of evaluators is large, and most evaluators have poor evaluation experience, a subjective evaluation experiment is designed by adopting a grouping grade comparison method.
Referring to fig. 2, 23 dynamic sound samples are divided into 7 groups, each group contains 5 dynamic sound samples, and after the dynamic sound samples in the group are compared with each other, a comprehensive evaluation index system is adopted for subjective evaluation. Each evaluation index is scored by a ten-tenth rating method, and for example, the first index, namely the total satisfaction degree of the dynamic sound, is evaluated, and the rating is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 Ten-level ranking of dynamic acoustic overall satisfaction
| Grade | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
| Adjectives | Very bad wine | Pickled rice cake | Is very poor | Difference (D) | Is not satisfied with | Can accept | Satisfaction | Good taste | Is very good | Is very good |
Referring to fig. 2, the evaluation scores of the inter-group dynamic sound samples are obtained through a linear transformation model constructed by the associated dynamic sound samples arranged in the group, and finally the purpose of comparing the subjective evaluation scores of the 23 dynamic sound samples in the same spatial dimension is achieved. The associated dynamic sound samples set within each group have been shown with dashed boxes in fig. 2. After the subjective evaluation experiment of the automobile dynamic sound quality participated by 133 consumers is completed, the subjective scores of each evaluation index of 23 automobile dynamic sounds are obtained by adopting a data quantification method of group grade comparison, and the results are shown in table 2, and 133 consumers have two types of automobile dynamic sound preferences.
Subjective scores of evaluation indexes of 223 automobile dynamic sound samples in table
It should be noted that, to simplify the table, table 2 only lists subjective scores of some of the car dynamic sounds.
By using
The subjective scores of the 23 dynamic sound samples are subjected to the equivalent processing, wherein Q*The subjective score vector is a first evaluation index of a first level after the equal magnitude processing;
the subjective score of the first evaluation index of the first level of the nth dynamic sound sample after the equal-magnitude processing is obtained; vi *The subjective score vector of the ith second evaluation index of the second level after the equal-magnitude processing,
is the nth dynamic sound after the equal magnitude processingA subjective score of an ith second evaluation indicator of a second tier of the sample; q is a subjective score vector of the first evaluation index of the first level before the equal-magnitude processing, ViA vector of subjective scores, v, of a first second evaluation index of a second level before the equal-magnitude processinginThe subjective score of the ith second evaluation index of the second hierarchy of the nth automobile dynamic sound sample. Eta is magnitude amplitude, and the magnitude amplitude eta is 10, so that the subjective scores of the 23 automobile dynamic sound samples in each evaluation index are obtained, and the result of the magnitude processing is shown in table 3.
Equivalent processing result of subjective scores of each evaluation index of 323 automobile dynamic sound samples
S3, establishing a relation model between two layers by adopting a multiple linear regression model, specifically
In the formula, Q*Is a subjective score vector V of the first evaluation index of the first level after the equal-magnitude processingi *Is the subjective score vector of the ith second evaluation index of the second level after the equal-magnitude processing, aiIs a regression coefficient, c is a constant, aiAnd c, solving by using a least square method. The solution result is:
s4, using
Calculating the weight ratio of the second evaluation index of the second level to the first level, wherein wiIs the weight ratio of the ith second evaluation index in the second level to the first level, aiFor the regression coefficients, the results are given in table 4.
TABLE 4 weight ratio of the second level four-dimension to the first level
As can be seen from the weight ratio in table 4, in the preference of the first type of car dynamic sound, the consumer mainly focuses on the degree of satisfaction of sound size, the degree of linearity of sound, and the degree of purity of sound, and defines it as "comfortable dynamic sound quality"; in the second category of preference, consumers pay attention to the sound linearity and sound motion sensitivity, which is defined as "dynamic sound quality".
The comprehensive evaluation method comprises the steps of constructing a two-level-multi-dimensional comprehensive evaluation index system, obtaining a subjective evaluation result by adopting a reasonable subjective evaluation experiment of the automobile dynamic sound quality based on the comprehensive evaluation index system, establishing a relation model between two levels by adopting a multiple linear regression model after the equivalent processing, and obtaining the weight ratio of each evaluation index in a second level to a first evaluation index by calculation. According to the weight ratio, the attention points of different types of market consumers on the dynamic sound quality can be analyzed and obtained, the characteristics of comfortable dynamic sound quality and dynamic sound quality are defined, a reasonable and effective basis is provided for the creation of the dynamic sound quality of the automobile, and the diversified requirements of the dynamic sound quality of the automobile are met.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A comprehensive evaluation method for the dynamic sound quality of an automobile is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, constructing an automobile dynamic sound quality comprehensive evaluation index system, wherein the automobile dynamic sound quality comprehensive evaluation index system comprises a first level and a second level, the first level comprises a first evaluation index, and the second level comprises at least one second evaluation index associated with the first evaluation index;
s2, obtaining subjective evaluation scores of each evaluation index by using a subjective evaluation experiment and carrying out an equivalent processing;
s3, establishing a relation model between two layers by adopting a multiple linear regression model;
and S4, calculating the weight ratio of each evaluation index in the second level to the first evaluation index in the first level.
2. The method for comprehensively evaluating the dynamic acoustic quality of an automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first evaluation index is the total satisfaction degree of dynamic sound;
the second level comprises four second evaluation indexes which are respectively the sound size satisfaction degree, the sound linearity degree, the sound purity degree and the sound dynamic sensitivity degree.
3. The automobile dynamic sound quality comprehensive evaluation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the relation model between two layers in S3 is
In the formula, Q*Is a subjective score vector of the first evaluation index of the first level after the equal-magnitude processing,
is the subjective score vector of the ith second evaluation index of the second level after the equal-magnitude processing, aiIs a regression coefficient, c is a constant, aiAnd c, solving by using a least square method.
4. The comprehensive evaluation method of automobile dynamic sound quality according to claim 3, characterized in that: the method adopted in S4
Calculating the weight ratio of the second evaluation index of the second level to the first level, wherein wiWeighting the ith second evaluation index in the second hierarchy to the first hierarchyRatio of aiAre regression coefficients.
5. The method for comprehensively evaluating the quality of automotive dynamic sound according to claim 1 or 2, wherein S2 specifically is: m appraisers finish the subjective evaluation experiment by adopting a subjective evaluation method, the subjective evaluation experiment comprises N dynamic sound samples, and the subjective scores of the N dynamic sound samples in a first evaluation index and a second evaluation index are obtained by utilizing a data processing method;
by using
The treatment of the same magnitude is carried out,
in the formula, Q*The subjective score vector is a first evaluation index of a first level after the equal magnitude processing;
the subjective score of the first evaluation index of the first level of the nth dynamic sound sample after the equal-magnitude processing is obtained;
the subjective score vector of the ith second evaluation index of the second level after the equal-magnitude processing,
the subjective score of the ith second evaluation index of the second level of the nth dynamic sound sample after the equal-magnitude processing is obtained; q is a subjective score vector of the first evaluation index of the first level before the equal-magnitude processing, ViA vector of subjective scores, v, of a first second evaluation index of a second level before the equal-magnitude processinginThe subjective score of the ith second evaluation index of the second hierarchy of the nth automobile dynamic sound sample is obtained; eta is magnitude amplitude and is reasonably selected according to actual conditions.
6. The comprehensive evaluation method of automobile dynamic sound quality according to claim 5, characterized in that: the subjective evaluation method is a pair comparison method, a grade evaluation method, a simple ordering method, a semantic subdivision method or a grouping grade comparison method.
7. The comprehensive evaluation method of automobile dynamic sound quality according to claim 5, characterized in that: the data processing method is a cluster analysis method, a correlation analysis method, a mean value method or a fuzzy algorithm.
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Application publication date: 20201106 |