CN111898370B - Method and device for acquiring design rational knowledge and computer storage medium - Google Patents
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Abstract
The acquisition method, device and computer storage medium of the rational knowledge of design, including: determining an extraction object of design rational knowledge; extracting sentences containing the design rational knowledge in the extraction objects of the design rational knowledge; identifying design rational information in the sentence containing design rational knowledge; and expressing the extracted design rational information as a knowledge graph structure. By adopting the scheme in the application, reference or inspiration can be provided for the innovative design of designers, and the knowledge reuse of information resources is facilitated.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to design rationality knowledge technology, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for acquiring design rationality knowledge, a computer storage medium, and an electronic device.
Background
The design is a key link of product innovation, and is a knowledge-intensive activity. All innovations were designed without exception. Design-wise knowledge, which is knowledge explaining why a design is designed in this way, is knowledge about the design process, and is usually not systematically recorded with respect to design-result knowledge.
Specifically, in the design process, the designer records the thinking process of the designer, which may disturb the originality and thinking of the designer, and consume a large amount of time of the designer, so that the side length of the design period is long; secondly, the design idea can be continuously and repeatedly adjusted, and the rational acquisition of the design is a dynamic process, so that a great deal of expenditure and energy is consumed; in addition, design rationale as a designer's implicit knowledge is not usually written proactively.
Problems existing in the prior art:
and the acquisition of rational knowledge of design is difficult.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a method and a device for acquiring design rational knowledge, a computer storage medium and electronic equipment, so as to solve the technical problems.
According to a first aspect of embodiments of the present application, there is provided a method for acquiring design rationality knowledge, including:
determining an extraction object of design rational knowledge;
extracting sentences containing the design rational knowledge in the extraction objects of the design rational knowledge;
identifying design rational information in the sentence containing design rational knowledge;
and expressing the extracted design rational information as a knowledge graph structure.
According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present application, there is provided an apparatus for acquiring design rationality knowledge, including:
the object determination module is used for determining an extraction object of design rational knowledge;
the sentence extraction module is used for extracting sentences containing the design rational knowledge in the extraction objects of the design rational knowledge;
the information identification module is used for identifying the design rational information in the sentence containing the design rational knowledge;
and the representing module is used for representing the extracted design rationality information into a knowledge graph structure.
According to a third aspect of embodiments herein, there is provided a computer storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, performs the steps of the method as described above.
According to a fourth aspect of embodiments herein, there is provided an electronic device comprising one or more processors, and memory for storing one or more programs; the one or more programs, when executed by the one or more processors, implement the method as described above.
By adopting the method and the device for acquiring the design rational knowledge, the computer storage medium and the electronic equipment, the design rational information is quickly extracted from the extraction object containing the design rational knowledge and is expressed as the knowledge graph to obtain the design rational knowledge base, so that reference, reference or inspiration can be provided for the innovative design of designers, and the knowledge reuse of information resources is facilitated.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application and not to limit the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart diagram illustrating an implementation of a method for acquiring design rationality knowledge according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a structure of a typical sentence containing design intent in the first embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for acquiring design rationality knowledge according to a second embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in the fourth embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram illustrating a design rational knowledge acquisition process in the fifth embodiment of the present application;
fig. 6 shows a schematic representation of design rationality knowledge in example five of the present application.
Detailed Description
The inventor notices in the process of invention that:
in prior art documents, for example: technical documents such as design specifications, patent documents, academic articles, technical reports, technical standards, technical review records, and technical archives of products in other enterprises include more or less design rational information, for example: designer's intentions, considerations of advantages and disadvantages of solution selection, approval/disapproval attitudes and reasons held by the interested parties, and the like. If the rational design knowledge in the documents in the prior art is mined, the method has extremely important significance for designers, knowledge base construction and innovation management.
However, in the conventional knowledge base management, books are usually only classified and coded, and the like, and the retrieval is still inconvenient through manual reading and understanding word by word or sentence by sentence or full-text retrieval of keywords, and the retrieval result usually contains a large amount of redundant information, and the whole article still needs to be read through if the exact key knowledge point is to be found from a large number of results.
Therefore, the inventor of the present application thinks of a method for acquiring design rational knowledge from a technical document, and rapidly extracts a design scheme, a design intention, design advantages and disadvantages, and the like from a document to form a knowledge graph structure so that a designer can reuse knowledge of information resources.
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages in the embodiments of the present application more clearly understood, the following description of the exemplary embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings is made in further detail, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and are not exhaustive of all the embodiments. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
Example one
The embodiment of the application provides a method for acquiring design rationality knowledge, which is explained below.
Fig. 1 shows a schematic flow chart of an implementation of a method for acquiring design rationality knowledge according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in the figure, the method for acquiring the rational design knowledge comprises the following steps:
102, extracting sentences containing design rational knowledge in the extraction objects of the design rational knowledge;
and 104, representing the extracted design rationality information as a knowledge graph structure.
In one embodiment, the extraction objects of the design rational knowledge include technical documents such as design specifications, patent documents, academic articles, technical reports, technical standards, technical review records, or technical archives of other products inside enterprises.
In one embodiment, the extraction of rational knowledge of design is determined from libraries, patent databases, data houses, design literature libraries, and the like.
In one embodiment, after determining the extraction object of the design rational knowledge, the method further comprises:
and preprocessing or data cleaning is carried out on the data of the extraction object of the rational design knowledge.
The pre-processing or data cleaning comprises: converting the extracted object of the design rational knowledge into a design document in a pure text format, processing characters (such as ' star ', ' e.g ', ' and the like) in the design document, and processing spelling of upper and lower case letters and the like.
By adopting the method for acquiring the design rational knowledge provided by the embodiment of the application, the design rational information is quickly extracted from the extraction object containing the design rational knowledge and is expressed as the knowledge graph to obtain the design rational knowledge base, so that reference, reference or inspiration can be provided for the innovative design of designers, and the knowledge reuse of information resources is facilitated.
In one embodiment, the extracting object for extracting the design rational knowledge includes a sentence containing the design rational knowledge, and the method includes:
matching the sentences in the extracted object of the rational design knowledge with rational characteristic words and professional characteristic words in typical sentences in a pre-established characteristic sentence pattern library respectively;
calculating the reliability of the design rationality information according to the feature words obtained by matching;
and determining sentences containing the design rational knowledge in the extraction objects of the design rational knowledge according to the design rational information credibility.
In specific implementation, a typical sentence pattern can be constructed according to the writing specification and writing examples of design documents, and the typical sentence pattern comprises a plurality of design rational characteristic words and professional characteristic words.
In one embodiment, the identifying design rational information in the sentence containing design rational knowledge comprises:
matching the sentences containing the design rationality knowledge with stop words in a pre-established feature word library, and removing the matched stop words;
and respectively matching the sentences containing the design rational knowledge after the stop words are removed with the rational characteristic words and the professional characteristic words in the pre-established characteristic word library to obtain the rational characteristic words and the professional characteristic words in the sentences containing the design rational knowledge.
In specific implementation, the feature word library comprises stop words, professional feature words and rational feature words. The stop words can be articles, conjunctions, prepositions, etc. that do not affect the acquisition of design rationality knowledge, such as: a. an, the, we've, which, while, etc. The weight of the rational feature words can mean an influence importance degree coefficient of the feature words for determining whether the rational design information is contained, and the value is generally 0-1. The rational characteristic words can comprise design rational entity information characteristic words and design rational relation information characteristic words.
The design rational entity information feature words comprise:
(1) design object feature words
The design object feature words may be design field feature words concerned by the user, and may be used as input for design rational knowledge extraction, for example: un-manual Material Vehicle, Unmanned air Vehicle, UAV, methods and systems, base station, organizational recovery mode, organizational safety beacon, etc.
(2) Characteristic words of documents
A document feature word may be a feature word describing a document title, such as: this distinction, revealed, letters of The present invention, etc. among The patent information.
(3) Question feature word
The question feature words may be feature words for marking questions, requirements, such as: static publications, technical issues, the project of, the projects, complex issues, requisition for, etc.
(4) Character word with advantages
The advantage feature words can be feature words used for expressing the advantages of good application prospect, special quality effect and the like of the design scheme. In specific implementation, according to the degree of association between the feature words and the actual advantages, influence factors/weights can be introduced.
The merit characteristics words can be divided into two categories: one category is a general advantageous feature word, applicable to various professional fields, but may have low expressive force and accuracy, and small impact factors/weights, such as: available, benefifits, clear, easy, famous, match, etc.; the other is a typical feature word special for a specific field, and the influence factor/weight is large, such as: less complex, high speed, easy to assign, small sized, etc.
(5) Defect character word
The defect feature words are opposite to the advantage feature words, and the feature words for expressing the design defects and the design defects are closely related to the design requirements and the design problems. Defect signatures can be divided into two categories: one category is a general defect signature, applicable to various professional areas, but may have low expressive power and accuracy, and small impact factors/weights, such as: errors, fail, famine, fatigue, gloomy, obstacles, etc.; the other is a typical feature word special for a specific field, and the influence factor/weight is large, such as: not chemical, not commercial visual, limiting factors, compliance safety, etc.
(6) Alternative feature words
Alternative feature words may be feature words used to label alternatives, other designs cited or referenced, such as: US Patent Application, u.s.patent.no. etc.
The design intention represents various forms, has no specific characteristic words, and can find the design intention information by combining context and other related characteristic words when in specific implementation.
Designing a rational relation information characteristic word, comprising:
(1) describing relational feature words such as: are characterized, descriptors, are descriptive, are direct to, are discrete, are provided.
(2) Implementing relational feature words, such as: to do something, for doing something, so as to, are designed to, etc.
(3) There are relational feature words, such as: there is, there exists, there domains, etc.
(4) Structural relationship feature words including composition/inclusion relationship, arrangement relationship, association relationship, connection relationship, etc., such as: the component, continain, include, etc. represent the composition relationship; other relational feature words such as is located between, is coupled to, be attached to, is configured to, etc.
The solution relation is an implicit relation between the design scheme and the design problem, the expression relation is an implicit relation between the design problem and the defect information, the possessed relation is a relation between the design scheme and the alternative scheme, and the solution relation, the expression relation and the possessed relation can be expressed without explicit characteristic words during specific implementation.
In specific implementation, the sentence containing the design rationality information is extracted and determined according to the typical sentence pattern, and after the target sentence containing the design rationality information is determined, the design rationality information can be further identified according to the characteristic words. For example:
The design must have objectives of automation,intelligence,and zero-configuration for objects and related devices in order to achieve scalability and interoperability.
stop words: the, must, and;
rational characteristic words: design (document feature words), have objects of (implementation relation feature words), in order to achievee (implementation relation feature words);
the extracted design rationality information:
the design intention is as follows: automation, interpretation, zero-configuration for objects and related devices;
the design intention is as follows: scalability, interoperability;
professional characteristic words: automation, inventory, zero-configuration, objects, services, scalability, interoperability.
For another example:
Thus,there is a strong desire,from both a cost and safety perspective,to reduce the number of tower climbs.
rational characteristic words: there is a string default (design problem feature word);
implementing a relational feature sentence pattern: to do something;
the extracted design rationality information:
design issue/requirement: from bottom a cost and availability property, to reduce the number of top clinbs.
In specific implementation, the process of establishing the feature sentence pattern library and the feature word library (or called feature dictionary library) comprises the following steps:
(1) and selecting a certain number of design documents (the more the number is, the higher the accuracy is) as objects for training the characteristic sentence patterns and the characteristic words.
(2) And manually marking the selected training documents by a person with certain design rational identification capability.
(3) Typical characteristic sentence patterns and characteristic words are marked.
(4) The weighting coefficients of the feature words are evaluated manually or by a specific algorithm. (the rational feature word weight value refers to an influence importance degree coefficient of the feature word for determining whether the design rational information is contained, and the value is generally 0-1).
And summarizing and processing the marked characteristic sentence patterns and characteristic words, removing inaccurate and inappropriate contents, and sorting and storing the inaccurate and inappropriate contents in a characteristic sentence pattern library and a characteristic word library.
After a typical sentence pattern with rational design is constructed, whether a target sentence contains related characteristic words or not is matched in the modes of vocabulary/phrase traversal, regular operation retrieval matching and the like, and if the characteristic words are matched, the reliability DRC of the rational design information is calculated according to a reliability calculation formula of the rational design information.
For example: this disclosure [ design literature characterization words ] is directed to [ description relation characterization words ] a detection and avoidanceapparatusfor an [ stop words ]unmanned aerial vehicle("UAV")and systems,devices,and techniques[ predefined/input ]Design object feature words to [ implementation relation feature words ] automatic object detection and overview along with UAV flight [ design intent to be extracted ].
For, an, and etc. in the design object are the words to be removed [ stop words ].
For another example: the computing device [ design object feature word ] may [ implementation relation feature word ] import The UAV to collection mapping on The property using one or more even transmitters [ design object feature word ] of The UAV [ design object feature word ].
The, one or more, of The is a stop word; however, the instruction the UAV to collect data information on the property. The intermediate to the words may not be removed, which affects the readability/intelligibility of the feature words.
The following steps are repeated: in an aspect of the present application [ design literature characterization ],there is disclosed[ description relation characteristics word ] a UAV [ design object characteristics word ]including[ structural relationship: inclusion relationship an image capturing module (a design object, which may be predefined or newly extracted)disposed on[ structural relationship: the UAV [ design object ], andconfigured[ structural relationship: arrangement ofto[ to do sth, is an implementation relation ] capture image data [ design intent of extraction ];and acontroller chip [ design object ] consistent to [ structural relationship: the image capturing module (design object)to[ to do sth, is an implementation relation ] receive and process the image data [ design intent of extraction ]; and the [ stop words ] controller chip [ design object ] is configured to [ structural relationship: layout relationship control the flight of the UAV [ design intent of abstraction ].
Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural diagram of a typical sentence pattern including design intent in the first embodiment of the present application.
In one embodiment, a typical schema containing design intent includes: the design literature information is connected with the design scheme information through a description relationship, the design scheme information comprises a plurality of design objects, the design objects are connected through a structural relationship, and the design scheme information is connected with the design intention through an implementation relationship;
the reliability calculation formula containing the design intention is as follows:
DRC＝Max(I lib ,I des )*I def *I imp
wherein, I lib To design the weighting coefficients of the characteristic words of the document, I des To describe the weight coefficient of the relational feature words, I def Weight of feature words for the design object, I imp To implement the weight coefficient of the relational feature word; i is def ＝2/π*arctan(∑I ob ),I ob In order to predefine the weight coefficient of the design object, the value range is [0,2 ] in one embodiment]。
In particular, a typical schema including design intent includes: whether the design rationality is contained or not depends on the weight coefficient of the characteristic words such as the design literature, the description relation, the design object, the realization relation and the like. The design document characteristic words or the description relation characteristic words can be one with a large weight or factor value, the more the number of the design objects appears, the larger the weight coefficient is, and the closer the weight of the design object characteristic words is to 1.
For example:Embodiments disclosed herein[ DESIGN DOCUMENT ] provide [ descriptiveness ]systems and methods[ DESIGN OBJECT ] for [ IMPLEMENTING RELATIONS ] obstate detection and state information determination [ DESIGN INTENSION ].
Wherein,
"Embodiments dispersed herein" is a "document feature word" in a "design rationale feature word library", which
lib The weight coefficient is that I is 0.99; "provides" is "descriptive relation feature words" in "design rationality feature word stock", and its weight
des The coefficient is I-0.90; the value between the two is taken to be 0.99. systems and methods, areDesign object set in advance
The feature words, which are assumed to be the feature words of a high interest in the professional field, may have weighting coefficients of 1.5 and 1.5.
Then it is determined that, def I＝2/3.14*arctan(1.5+1.5)＝0.795570556≈0.80。
the weight coefficient for implementing the relational feature word for is 0.85.
DRC＝0.99*0.80*0.85＝0.6732。
In one embodiment, a typical schema containing design issues includes: existence of relationship feature words and question feature words;
the reliability calculation formula containing the design problem is as follows:
DRC＝Max(I thr )*I iss
wherein, I thr For the weight coefficient of the existence of the relational feature word, I iss The weights of the feature words for the design problem.
In specific implementation, a typical sentence pattern including design problems is: - [ existence of relationship ] - > (design problem), if there are a plurality of existence of relationship characteristic words, the value with the maximum weight coefficient is taken.
For example: this creates [ existence relation, I thr ＝0.6】problems of[ problem characterization word, I iss 0.8 mobility, soil compatibility, as well as transport schemes [ design issues ], as well as: from the above, it is event that the heat domains [ existence relationship, I thr ＝0.9】a need[ problem signature word, I iss 0.8 ] in the industry for more effective minimizing techniques from a that to an that least one of the system of the related claims.
In one embodiment, a canonical schema containing the structural relationships of the design solutions includes: the design literature information is connected with the design scheme information through a description relationship, the design scheme information comprises a plurality of design objects, and the design objects are connected through a structural relationship;
the reliability calculation formula containing the structural relationship of the design scheme is as follows:
DRC＝Max(I lib， I des )*I str
wherein, I lib To design the weighting coefficients of the characteristic words of the document, I des To describe the weight coefficient of the relational feature words, I str The weight of the structural relation characteristic word; i is str ＝2/π*arctan(∑I s ) (ii) a arctan () is an arctangent function and an increasing function, and the theoretical value range is-pi/2; i is s The weight coefficient of a single structural relation has a value range of [0, 2%]The greater the number of occurrences, the weighting factor I str The larger, the str The closer to 1; istr actually takes the value of [0,1]In the meantime.
In specific implementation, a typical sentence pattern including the structural relationship of the design scheme is: (design literature) - [ describing relationships]->[ (design object) - [ structural relationship]->(design object)]For example: one implementation [ design literature feature word ]includes(structural relationship) an appatatus (design object), where the appatatus (design object) include a beacon (design object) configured to have a structural relationship/implementation relationship between a general one or more main bands of a controlled playback pattern (CRPA) (design intention), where the CRPA (design object) is a design objectis attached[ structural relation ], direct or index, to an object [ design object ]; and a processor (design object)configured:to"structural relationship/implementation relationship" of associated signals structure of signals at variables directions [ design intent ]with physical locations of (structural relationship)a plurality of space vehicles [ design object ], the family of space vehicles [ design object ]comprise [ structural relationship ]sources of the signals [ design objects ]; andto [ to do sth, realizing relation ] determineat least one of the above mentioned aspects of an individual of the object [ design intent ]based at least partly on(structural relationship) the orientation of the object with the prescription to the physical locations of space vehicles.
The sentence pattern is a complex sentence containing a plurality of semicolons, and in actual processing, it is to be processed as one sentence. "; "does not serve as a basis for segmenting sentences. The reliability calculation formula of whether the design scheme structural relationship is contained is as follows:
DRC＝Max(I lib， I des )*I str
lib the "One embodiment" is a "document feature word" in the "design rationality feature word library", and the weighting coefficient is I des 0.90; without the relational characterization word, I is 0, thenMax(I lib ,I des )＝0.90；
includes,configured to，is attached，comprise，with physical locations of，based at least syntax partly on, etc. as structural relationship feature words. It is assumed that the inclusion thereof,configured to，is attached，comprisethe characteristic words with equal structural relation are received and recorded in a design rational characteristic word bank, and the weight coefficient of the characteristic words s IAre respectively as1.8，1.5，1.2，1.8Then, then
Reliability:
DRC＝0.90*0.90024169≈0.81。
appaatus, beamer, CRPA, object, processor, space vehicles, sources of the signs, etc. as design object feature words;
in the design rational feature word library, the appaatus, the processor and the space events are predefined design object feature words defDT, and the weighting coefficients Iob (the weighting coefficients of the feature words of the customized/predefined design object) are respectively 1, 1.5 and 1.8; assuming that the remaining feature words (templates, CRPA, objects, sources of the signals) are not predefined in the design rationale feature lexicon; then I def ＝2/3.14*arctan(1+1.5+1.8)＝0.854967954。
Generally, the technical literature describes technical solutions in a neutral language without accompanying personal emotions. However, designers can analyze and judge the defects of other design schemes; the problems and the requirements of the current situation are described by the defect words, the negative words, the depreciation words and the like. For the design scheme which is popular and advocated by the designer, recognition, positive expression and advantageous vocabulary are used for expression. Therefore, the visual angle of a designer can be found out through emotion analysis, and the advantage information and the defect information of the design scheme can be found out. Therefore, the advantages of the design, the disadvantages of the design, and the like can be determined by the advantage characteristic words and the disadvantage characteristic words, and the typical sentence pattern may not be adopted.
The reliability calculation formula containing the advantage and disadvantage information is as follows:
wherein, I pro The influence factor of the ith advantageous feature word in the sentence takes a positive value, (0, 1), I con Is the influence factor of a single i defect feature words in the sentence, and takes a negative value (-1, 0).
For example: the instability schemes [ Defect characteristics word, I con -0.9 of produced fan VTOL UAVs, documents [ defect signatures, I con Still haunt [ shortcoming signatures, I ═ 0.9 ] con -0.9 ] even the last success ful [ advantageous characteristic word, I pro 0.9 quern [ advantageous characteristics word, I ] con ＝0.7】vehicles。
In one embodiment, if the target sentence does not conform to the typical sentence pattern, the grammatical rules of the design rationality information in the sentence can be further analyzed, such as:
(a) the design intent information can be identified and extracted through NLTK grammar rule analysis. The design intention structure is grammars such as 'to do sounding' or 'for sounding' and 'for doing sounding', an NLTK grammar rule is established, and design intention information in the NLTK grammar rule is extracted through a tree node method;
(b) for the design problem information, in view of the wide variety of design problem expression modes, the whole sentence can be extracted as design rationality information, and the feature words in the whole sentence are not extracted;
(c) for design alternatives, the expression mode is also large, and the whole sentence can be extracted as design rational information. Alternatives with a better structure of a particular format, such as patent document No. may also extract information such as patent number.
In one embodiment, the design rationality information includes entity information and relationship information, and the entity information includes design literature information, design solution information, alternative solution information, design intention information, design problem information, and advantage/disadvantage description information; the relationship information comprises description relationship, implementation relationship, structural relationship, solution relationship, existence relationship and existence relationship; the method for expressing the extracted design rational information as a knowledge graph structure comprises the following steps:
establishing association between the design literature information and the design object information through a description relation;
establishing association between the design scheme information and the design intention information through an implementation relation;
the design scheme information comprises a plurality of design objects, and the plurality of design objects are associated through a structural relationship;
establishing association between the design intention information and the design problem information through a solution relation;
establishing association between the design scheme information and the design problem information through the existence of relationship;
establishing association between the design problem information and the defect description information through an expression relationship;
and establishing association by having relationship between the design scheme information and the alternative scheme information.
In specific implementation, the association between the entity information and the relationship information is as follows:
(design literature) - - [ description ] - - > (design object)
(design scheme) - - [ implementation ] - - > (design intent)
[ design solution ] ═ design object) - - [ structure ] - > (design object)
(design intent) - - [ solution ] - - > (design problem)
[ Presence ] - - > (design problem) - - [ manifestation ] - > (negative description)
(design) - - [ with ] - > (alternative).
In one embodiment, the extracting object for extracting the design rational knowledge includes a sentence containing the design rational knowledge, and the method includes:
judging sentences in an extraction object of the design rational knowledge according to a design rational information identification model obtained by pre-training; the design rationality information identification model is obtained by training text data by adopting a Fastext algorithm;
and determining the sentences containing the design rational knowledge in the extraction object of the design rational knowledge according to the sentences of which the judgment result exceeds the preset threshold value.
In specific implementation, sentences containing information such as design intentions, design problems, design objects, advantage/disadvantage descriptions, alternative schemes and the like can be marked to form trained text data, and a Fasttext algorithm is adopted to train the trained text data to obtain a recognition model of design rational information; and judging the target sentence according to the identification model, and judging which design rationality information is contained, thereby realizing the extraction of information such as design problems, design intentions, structural relationships, alternative schemes, design advantages and disadvantages and the like.
In particular, the training process for machine learning data includes:
(1) and selecting a certain number of design documents (the more the number is, the higher the accuracy is) as objects for training the characteristic sentence patterns and the characteristic words.
(2) And marking the selected training documents by a person with certain design rational identification capability.
(3) Based on a FastText classification algorithm, sentences containing information such as design intents, design problems, design objects, advantage and disadvantage descriptions, alternative schemes and the like are marked to form trained text data.
(4) And summarizing and processing the marked characteristic sentence patterns and characteristic words, removing inaccurate and inappropriate contents, and sorting and storing the inaccurate and inappropriate contents in a characteristic sentence pattern library and a characteristic word library.
In one embodiment, the representing the extracted design rationale information as a knowledge-graph structure comprises:
designing document information nodes to have a relationship pointing to defect description information nodes, wherein the defect description information nodes respectively point to specific feature words contained in the defect description information;
the design document information nodes point to design scheme information nodes in a structural relationship, the design scheme information nodes point to design object nodes contained in the design scheme information respectively in the structural relationship, point to design intention information nodes in a realization relationship, and point to alternative scheme information nodes in a relationship; the design intention information node points to a design problem information node in a solution relationship;
designing a document information node to point to a plurality of design object information in a descriptive relationship;
the design literature information nodes point to design problem information nodes in presence relationships, and the design problem information nodes point to defect description information in presence relationships.
The embodiment of the application forms the extracted rational design information into an organic whole. Associating the extracted information of design objects, design problems or design intentions, design schemes, design scheme advantages and disadvantages, decision reasons and the like by relating relationships, solving relationships, having relationships, being in accordance with relationships and the like; and storing the extracted design rational information into a knowledge map database through a triple structure of the knowledge map to form the design rational knowledge base with the design venation in the field.
Example two
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application provides a device for acquiring design rational knowledge, the principle of the device for solving the problems is similar to a method for acquiring design rational knowledge, and repeated parts are not repeated.
Fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of a device for acquiring design rational knowledge according to the second embodiment of the present application.
As shown in the figure, the device for acquiring design rationality knowledge comprises:
an object determination module 301, configured to determine an extraction object of design rationality knowledge;
a sentence recognition module 302, configured to extract a sentence containing design rational knowledge in the extraction object of the design rational knowledge;
an information extraction module 303, configured to identify design rationality information in the sentence containing design rationality knowledge;
and a representation module 304 for representing the extracted design rationality information as a knowledge graph structure.
By adopting the acquisition device of the design rational knowledge provided by the embodiment of the application, the design rational information is rapidly extracted from the extraction object containing the design rational knowledge and expressed as the knowledge map to obtain the design rational knowledge base, so that reference, reference or inspiration can be provided for the innovative design of designers, and the knowledge reuse of information resources is facilitated.
EXAMPLE III
Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present application provide a computer storage medium, which is described below.
The computer storage medium has a computer program stored thereon, which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to an embodiment.
By adopting the computer storage medium provided by the embodiment of the application, the design rational information is quickly extracted from the extraction object containing the design rational knowledge and is expressed as the knowledge map to obtain the design rational knowledge base, so that reference, reference or inspiration can be provided for the innovative design of designers, and the knowledge reuse of information resources is facilitated.
Example four
Based on the same inventive concept, embodiments of the present application provide an electronic device, which is described below.
Fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device in the fourth embodiment of the present application.
As shown, the electronic device includes a memory for storing one or more programs, and one or more processors; the one or more programs, when executed by the one or more processors, implement the method of embodiment one.
By adopting the electronic equipment provided by the embodiment of the application, the design rational information is quickly extracted from the extraction object containing the design rational knowledge and is expressed as the knowledge map to obtain the design rational knowledge base, so that reference, reference or inspiration can be provided for the innovative design of designers, and the knowledge reuse of information resources is facilitated.
EXAMPLE five
In order to facilitate the implementation of the present application, the embodiments of the present application are described with a specific example.
FIG. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a design rational knowledge acquisition process in the fifth embodiment of the present application.
The first step, data are collected from related patent office websites and stored in a database, and the collected data comprise: patent literature information such as patent names and patent numbers, and related text data such as patent abstract information, patent description information (including background description information, brief description information, and claim information).
Assume that the patent names of the patent documents are: an unmanned vehicle servicing tool.
And secondly, carrying out pretreatment such as data cleaning on the data in the database, and extracting effective data, wherein the pretreatment comprises the following steps: patent name (Patent Title), Patent Number (Patent Number), Abstract information (Abstract), Background description information (Background), Summary information (Summary, extract the first 6 sentences).
And thirdly, reading the source data and cutting the source data of the patent documents into sentence lists.
And fourthly, identifying sentences containing design rational knowledge.
Judging whether the sentence contains corresponding characteristic words and characteristic sentence patterns or not by utilizing a pre-established typical sentence pattern library, judging whether each sentence contains design rational knowledge or not, and identifying the sentence containing the design rational knowledge;
or judging whether each sentence contains design rational information or not by using labeled text data obtained by pre-training and using a FastText algorithm, and identifying the sentence containing the design rational knowledge.
Suppose that the sentence containing design rationality information in the patent is extracted, including:
there are design problems, "the is heat between the new and the product associated with operation on the fire and the other equation that the present area is located in the area that is heat between the new and the product associated with operation on the fire and the other equation that is heat between the new and the product associated with operation on the human body for the project associated with operation of the process.
Contains a design object, realizes a design intention, "In one aspect,the present inventionprovides a system for maintaining equipment within a predetermined area,including a first unmanned vehicle configured to perform a diagnostic evaluation of the equipment,a second unmanned vehicle configured to perform a maintenance operation,and a third unmanned vehicle configured to perform asafety operation.”
a design object, "Acomputer-implemented method of performing an automated maintenance operation on a piece of equipment including determining,using a processor system,a diagnostic status of the piece of equipment using a first unmanned vehicle,and determined using the processor system,a maintenance condition of the pieceof equipment.”
With the disadvantage of "A service person' slimited maneuverability when on a ladder increases the risk of falling or serious injury during a maintenance operation.”
Describes a design object "Maintenance of infrastructure that includes fixturesor other equipment can be difficult depending on the location of the equipment.”
And fifthly, extracting design rational information from the sentences containing the design rational knowledge.
Extracting design rational information in the sentence by using typical characteristic word recognition analysis; or, the machine learning mode is utilized to extract the design rationality information.
The design rationality information includes: design, advantages and disadvantages, design intent, design issues, alternatives, and the like.
And sixthly, storing, expressing and displaying the rational design knowledge through a knowledge graph.
And forming the extracted rational design information into an organic whole. Associating the extracted information of design objects, design problems or design intentions, design schemes, design scheme advantages and disadvantages, decision reasons and the like by relating relationships, solving relationships, having relationships, being in accordance with relationships and the like;
fig. 6 shows a schematic representation of design rationality knowledge in example five of the present application.
And storing the extracted design rational information into a knowledge map database through a triple structure of the knowledge map to form the design rational knowledge base with the design venation in the field.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
While the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the application.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is intended to include such modifications and variations as well.
Claims (10)
1. A method for acquiring design rational knowledge is characterized by comprising the following steps:
determining an extraction object of design rational knowledge;
extracting sentences containing the design rational knowledge in the extraction objects of the design rational knowledge;
identifying design rational information in the sentence containing design rational knowledge;
expressing the extracted design rationality information as a knowledge graph structure;
wherein, the sentence containing design rational knowledge in the extraction object for extracting the design rational knowledge comprises:
matching the sentences in the extracted object of the rational design knowledge with rational characteristic words and professional characteristic words in typical sentences in a pre-established characteristic sentence pattern library respectively; calculating the reliability of the design rationality information according to the feature words obtained by matching; determining sentences containing the design rationality knowledge in the extraction objects of the design rationality knowledge according to the design rationality information credibility;
or,
judging sentences in an extraction object of the design rationality knowledge according to a design rationality information identification model obtained by pre-training; the design rationality information identification model is obtained by training text data by adopting a Fasttext algorithm; and determining the sentences containing the design rational knowledge in the extraction object of the design rational knowledge according to the sentences of which the judgment result exceeds the preset threshold value.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the identifying of rational design information in the sentence containing rational design knowledge comprises:
matching the sentences containing the design rational knowledge with stop words in a pre-established feature word library, and removing the matched stop words;
and respectively matching the sentences containing the design rational knowledge after the stop words are removed with the rational characteristic words and the professional characteristic words in the pre-established characteristic word library to obtain the rational characteristic words and the professional characteristic words in the sentences containing the design rational knowledge.
3. The method of claim 1,
a typical schema that contains the design intent includes: the design literature information is connected with the design scheme information through a description relationship, the design scheme information comprises a plurality of design objects, the design objects are connected through a structural relationship, and the design scheme information is connected with the design intention through an implementation relationship;
the reliability calculation formula containing the design intention is as follows:
DRC＝Max(I lib ，I des )*I def *I imp
wherein, I lib To design the weighting coefficients of the characteristic words of the document, I des To describe the weight coefficient of the relational feature words, I def Characteristic word weight coefficient for design object, I imp To implement the weight coefficient of the relational feature word; i is def ＝2/π*arctan(∑I ob ) Wherein I ob Weight coefficients for the predefined design objects.
4. The method of claim 1,
a typical sentence pattern containing design issues includes: existence of relationship feature words and question feature words;
the reliability calculation formula containing the design problem is as follows:
DRC＝Max(I thr )*I iss
wherein, I thr For the weight coefficient of the existence of the relational feature word, I iss The weights of the feature words for the design problem.
5. The method of claim 1,
a typical schema containing the structural relationships of a design scenario includes: the design literature information is connected with the design scheme information through a description relationship, the design scheme information comprises a plurality of design objects, and the design objects are connected through a structural relationship;
the reliability calculation formula containing the structural relationship of the design scheme is as follows:
DRC＝Max(I lib ，I des )*I str
wherein, I lib To design the weighting coefficients of the characteristic words of the document, I des To describe the weight coefficient of the relational feature words, I str The weight coefficient is the structural relation characteristic word; i is str ＝2/π*arctan(∑I s )，I s The arctan () arctangent function is the weight coefficient for a single structural relationship.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the design rationality information includes entity information and relationship information, the entity information includes design literature information, design solution information, alternative solution information, design intention information, design problem information, and advantage/disadvantage description information; the relationship information comprises description relationship, implementation relationship, structural relationship, solution relationship, existence relationship, expression relationship and existence relationship; the method for expressing the extracted design rational information as a knowledge graph structure comprises the following steps:
establishing association between the design literature information and the design object information through a description relation;
establishing association between the design scheme information and the design intention information through an implementation relation;
the design scheme information comprises a plurality of design objects, and the plurality of design objects are associated through a structural relationship;
establishing association between the design intention information and the design problem information through a solution relation;
establishing association between the design scheme information and the design problem information through the existence of relationship;
establishing association between the design problem information and the defect description information through an expression relationship;
and establishing association by having relationship between the design scheme information and the alternative scheme information.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the representing the extracted design rationale information as a knowledge-graph structure comprises:
designing a document information node to have a relationship pointing to a defect description information node, wherein the defect description information node points to a specific feature word contained in the defect description information;
the design document information node points to a design scheme information node in a structural relationship, the design scheme information node points to a design object node contained in the design scheme information in the structural relationship, points to a design intention information node in a realization relationship, and points to an alternative scheme information node in a relationship; the design intention information node points to a design problem information node in a solution relationship;
designing a document information node to point to a plurality of design object information in a descriptive relationship;
the design literature information nodes point to design problem information nodes in presence relationships, and the design problem information nodes point to defect description information in presence relationships.
8. An apparatus for acquiring rational knowledge of design, comprising:
the object determination module is used for determining an extraction object of design rational knowledge;
the sentence recognition module is used for extracting sentences containing the design rational knowledge in the extraction objects of the design rational knowledge;
the information extraction module is used for identifying the design rational information in the sentence containing the design rational knowledge;
the representing module is used for representing the extracted design rationality information into a knowledge graph structure;
wherein, the sentence recognition module is specifically configured to:
matching the sentences in the extracted object of the rational design knowledge with rational characteristic words and professional characteristic words in typical sentences in a pre-established characteristic sentence pattern library respectively; calculating the reliability of the design rationality information according to the feature words obtained by matching; determining sentences containing the design rationality knowledge in the extraction objects of the design rationality knowledge according to the design rationality information credibility;
or,
judging sentences in an extraction object of the design rational knowledge according to a design rational information identification model obtained by pre-training; the design rationality information identification model is obtained by training text data by adopting a Fasttext algorithm; and determining the sentences containing the design rational knowledge in the extraction object of the design rational knowledge according to the sentences of which the judgment result exceeds the preset threshold value.
9. A computer storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. An electronic device comprising one or more processors, and memory for storing one or more programs; the one or more programs, when executed by the one or more processors, implement the method of any of claims 1 to 7.
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