CN111898217B - TBM bionic cutter ring edge shape design based on dog tooth structure and optimization method thereof - Google Patents
TBM bionic cutter ring edge shape design based on dog tooth structure and optimization method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 240000005002 Erythronium dens canis Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 6
- 210000003464 cuspid Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 13
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- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 18
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- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a TBM bionic cutter ring edge shape design based on a dog tooth structure and an optimization method thereof, wherein the TBM bionic cutter ring edge shape design comprises the following steps of: the method comprises the following steps of firstly, extracting an outer contour line on a canine middle section by a reverse engineering technology to obtain a contour curve; secondly, fitting the three sections of circular arcs of the outer contour line to obtain a fitting curve, wherein the fitting curve is a new three-section circular arc section; step three, introducing the fitting curve obtained in the step two into a bionic TBM hob ring, and forming a bionic helical tooth hob by circumferential array, and step four, optimizing the working surface and the edge side surface; according to the canine tooth structure-based TBM bionic cutter ring edge shape design and optimization method thereof, on the basis of the edge shape of the existing TBM hob, the helical teeth are introduced, so that the TBM hob can roll the rock, the orientation of cracks can be induced through the helical teeth, more lateral horizontal cracks are generated, the rock is more easily peeled off, and the TBM rock breaking efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel construction machinery, and particularly relates to a TBM bionic cutter ring blade-shaped design based on a dog tooth structure and an optimization method thereof.
Background
When the TBM performs tunneling operation, the TBM mainly depends on the rolling rock breaking action of the hob. The hob comprises parts such as a cutter ring, a hob body and a shaft, wherein the cutter ring is a key part for crushing rock mass and realizing tunneling. When the TBM works, the hob ring penetrates into rock under the action of propelling force and rolls under the action of the rotating torque of the cutterhead, so that the rock is broken by rolling. TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine): a full face tunnel boring machine. In the tunneling process of the TBM, when rocks are not easy to peel off, the TBM can repeatedly grind on a tunnel face, rock debris is excessively crushed, and great energy consumption waste is caused. The conventional commercial disc cutter breaks rock in a rolling manner, cracks develop radially, and a large part of energy is consumed in the depth propagation direction; when the tunneling is carried out in different lithologic strata, the single configuration of the TBM hob is difficult to adapt to rocks with different physicochemical properties. The cutter is not matched with lithology, and therefore the TBM hob is greatly blind and unstable in tunneling.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a canine tooth structure-based TBM bionic cutter ring edge shape design and an optimization method thereof, wherein the canine tooth structure-based TBM bionic cutter ring edge shape design can roll rocks and induce the orientation of cracks through helical teeth, so that more lateral horizontal cracks are generated, the rocks are easier to peel, and the TBM rock breaking efficiency is improved.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a TBM bionic cutter ring edge shape design based on a canine tooth structure and an optimization method thereof comprise the following steps:
s1, extracting an outer contour line on the middle section of the canine tooth through a reverse engineering technology to obtain a contour curve, wherein the labels of the contour curve are respectively B ', C', D 'and E', and a B 'C' arc segment, a C 'D' arc segment and a D 'E' arc segment which are sequentially connected are formed;
s2, fitting the three sections of circular arcs of the outer contour line to obtain a fitting curve, wherein the fitting curve is a new three-section circular arc section;
s3, introducing the fitting curve obtained in the step S2 into a bionic TBM hob ring, and forming a bionic helical hob in a circumferential array mode, wherein the bionic helical hob comprises a working face and an edge side face; the endpoints of the fitted curves are labeled B, C, D, E respectively, and the reference numerals B, C, D, E in this step correspond to B ', C', D ', E' in step S1, respectively;
s4, in the working process of the bionic helical gear hob in the rolling process, the side face and the working face of the cutter ring bear unstable impact abrasive wear, and therefore the working face and the edge side face are optimized.
Further, the reverse engineering technique in step S1 is reverse engineering by geomagic software.
Further, the fitting in step S2 is performed by using an algorithm built in the geomagic software.
Further, the TBM hob ring in step S3 is a cutter ring structure of the TBM full face tunnel boring machine.
Further, in the step S3, the fitting curves B, C, D, E are respectively formed as a bionic helical tooth end curve BC circular arc segment and a bionic helical tooth end curve CD circular arc segment; the curve DE circular arc section of the end part of the bionic helical tooth is represented by O at the center of the cutter ring of the bionic hob cutter ring; the circle center of the curve BC arc section at the end part of the bionic skewed tooth is represented by O1, and the corresponding radius is represented by r 1; the circle center of the CD arc section of the bionic skewed tooth end curve is represented by O2, and the corresponding radius is represented by r 2; the center of a circular arc section of a curve DE at the end part of the bionic helical tooth is represented by O3, the corresponding radius is represented by r3, and the radian corresponding to the circular arc DE section is represented by alpha; the optimized radius of the working face and the edge side face of the bionic helical gear hob is represented by r 4.
Further, the step S4 further includes the following sub-steps:
s41, overlapping an outer enveloping circle of the bionic helical cutter ring with a DE circular arc section;
s42, controlling the arc length of the ED arc by controlling the size of alpha, and further controlling the structural discontinuity of the bionic helical teeth;
and S43, performing arc treatment on the working face and the edge side of the helical tooth by r4 to ensure that the working face and the edge side have a good transition state and reduce stress concentration.
Further, in step S41, the outer enveloping circle of the bionic helical cutter ring is a circle of each tooth point inscribed in the bionic helical cutter, and the coincidence of the outer enveloping circle and the arc of the DE arc segment is a circle of the arc of the DE segment and a circle of the bionic helical cutter ring, so that the radius of the arc of the DE segment is equal to the radius of the enveloping circle of the bionic helical cutter.
Further, in the step S42, α ranges from 0.075rad to 0.162rad, rad is radian unit, and α is 0.116rad, which is the optimal value.
Further, in the step S43, the arc processing is to round the working surface and the edge side.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: according to the canine tooth structure-based TBM bionic cutter ring edge shape design and optimization method thereof, on the basis of the edge shape of the existing TBM hob, the helical teeth are introduced, so that the TBM hob can roll the rock, the orientation of cracks can be induced through the helical teeth, more lateral horizontal cracks are generated, the rock is more easily peeled off, and the TBM rock breaking efficiency is improved; meanwhile, the ratio of the rolling effect to the crack orientation inducing effect is regulated and controlled by changing the configuration parameters of the helical teeth, so that rock and cutter matching of the cutter ring in different geological working conditions is realized, and geological matching design is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the steps of a TBM bionic cutter ring blade design based on a canine tooth structure and an optimization method thereof;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating the substeps of step S4 in FIG. 1 according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic drawing showing the profile of the outer contour of the canine according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a bionic hob structure based on canine incisors in the invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of I of FIG. 4 according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of optimized bionic hob impact optimization based on canine incisors according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of optimized bionic hob edge part optimization based on canine incisors;
FIG. 8 is a schematic cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 7 according to the present invention;
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific embodiments:
as shown in fig. 1 to 8, the TBM bionic knife-edge design based on the canine tooth structure and the optimization method thereof provided by the present invention include the following steps:
s1, extracting an outer contour line on the middle section of the canine tooth through a reverse engineering technology to obtain a contour curve, wherein the labels of the contour curve are respectively B ', C', D 'and E', and a B 'C' arc segment, a C 'D' arc segment and a D 'E' arc segment which are sequentially connected are formed.
The reverse engineering technique in step S1 is reverse engineering performed by the geologic software, in this embodiment, the geologic software is the existing mature computer software, and in the actual use process, the existing computer software with the same function may be all used.
And S2, fitting the three sections of circular arcs of the outer contour line to obtain a fitting curve, wherein the fitting curve is a new three-section circular arc section.
The fitting in step S2 is performed by using an algorithm built in the geomagic software, and the fitted software algorithm is an existing software algorithm for sophisticated calculation.
The end fitting curve of the sharp teeth is introduced into the TBM hob ring and arrayed in the circumferential direction, so that the hob can continuously bite the rock in the rolling process, cracks of the rock are induced to develop horizontally, and the rock peeling is facilitated.
S3, introducing the fitting curve obtained in the step S2 into a bionic TBM hob ring, and forming a bionic helical hob in a circumferential array mode, wherein the bionic helical hob comprises a working face and an edge side face; the endpoints of the fitted curves are labeled B, C, D, E, respectively, and reference numerals B, C, D, E in this step correspond to B ', C', D ', E' in step S1, respectively.
And in the step S3, the TBM hob ring is of a cutter ring structure of the TBM full-face tunnel boring machine. In step S3, the fitting curve B, C, D, E is formed as a bionic helical tooth end curve BC circular arc segment and a bionic helical tooth end curve CD circular arc segment, respectively; the curve DE circular arc section of the end part of the bionic helical tooth is represented by O at the center of the cutter ring of the bionic hob cutter ring; the circle center of the curve BC arc section at the end part of the bionic skewed tooth is represented by O1, and the corresponding radius is represented by r 1; the circle center of the CD arc section of the bionic skewed tooth end curve is represented by O2, and the corresponding radius is represented by r 2; the center of a circular arc section of a curve DE at the end part of the bionic helical tooth is represented by O3, the corresponding radius is represented by r3, and the radian corresponding to the circular arc DE section is represented by alpha; the optimized radius of the working face and the edge side face of the bionic helical gear hob is represented by r 4.
S4, in the working process of the bionic helical gear hob in the rolling process, the side face and the working face of the cutter ring bear unstable impact abrasive wear, and therefore the working face and the edge side face are optimized.
According to the movement mode of the sharp teeth when the animals prey and bite the prey, the oblique teeth are introduced to optimize the edge shape of the disc-type hob from the angle of inducing the orientation of the rock cracks by combining the movement mode of the TBM hob. The hob according to the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the hob formed by the circular arc curve, and covers the related curve similar to the curve and the formed hob shape.
In the rolling process of the bionic helical gear hob, the arc of the ED section in fig. 5 does not coincide with the outer enveloping circle of the hob, so the bionic helical gear hob can cause impact due to structural discontinuity in the rolling process, and the arc of the ED section needs to be optimized. In the working process of the bionic helical gear hob, the side face and the working face of the cutter ring are not in a good transition state, and bear unstable impact abrasive wear in the rolling process, so that abnormal wear such as edge rolling and the like can be caused, and therefore the working face and the edge side face need to be optimized.
As shown in fig. 2, step S4 further includes the following sub-steps, that is, the specific optimization steps are as follows:
and S41, overlapping the outer enveloping circle of the bionic helical cutter ring with the circular arc of the DE circular arc section.
S42, controlling the arc length of the ED arc by controlling the size of alpha, and further controlling the structural discontinuity of the bionic helical teeth.
And S43, performing arc treatment on the working face and the edge side of the helical tooth by r4 to ensure that the working face and the edge side have a good transition state and reduce stress concentration.
In step S41, the outer enveloping circle of the bionic helical cutter ring is the circle of each tooth point inscribed in the bionic helical cutter, and the coincidence of the outer enveloping circle and the arc of the DE arc segment is the coincidence of the circle center of the arc of the DE segment and the circle center of the bionic helical cutter ring, so that the radius of the arc of the DE segment is equal to the radius of the enveloping circle of the bionic helical cutter.
In this example, marble was used as an experimental subject, and α was subjected to a hob ring shrinkage test, and when R1 was 1mm, R2 was 0.75mm, R3 was 17.5mm, R4 was 1.5mm, and α was 0.116rad, the coupling effect between the rolling action (edge) and the crack orientation inducing action (helical teeth) was the best, and the total rock breaking amount was the greatest. In step S42, α ranges from 0.075rad to 0.162rad, rad is radian unit, and α is 0.116rad, which is the optimal value. The arc processing in step S43 is to round the working face and the blade side.
In the embodiment, the inclined teeth and the arc edges are combined, so that the problems that the side edges of the inclined teeth are easy to curl edges and the teeth are easy to passivate are solved. The optimized rock breaking mechanism combining the helical teeth and the arc blades combines the rolling action (arc blades) and the induced crack orientation action (helical teeth), and the back arc length l of the teeth is used for breaking rock in different rocksαNamely the control of the length of the DE arc segment, the proportion of two rock breaking functions is regulated and controlled, and therefore rock cutter matching is achieved.
In the present invention, canine means one of human and mammalian teeth. Is positioned between incisors and premolars, the upper jaw and the lower jaw are respectively provided with two teeth, and the tooth crown is sharp and is suitable for tearing food. TBM is the abbreviation of English Tunnel Boring Machine, and has the meaning: a full face tunnel boring machine. A palm surface: excavation of tunnels (in coal mining, mining or tunnelling) is a work surface that is constantly propelled forward. Lithology: it refers to some attributes reflecting the characteristics of rock, such as color, components, structure, cement, type of cement, special minerals, etc.
Aiming at the problems that the disc cutter is low in rock breaking efficiency and easy to grind without breaking, on the basis of the edge shape of the existing disc cutter, the helical teeth are introduced, the distribution condition of lateral tensile stress of the disc cutter is improved, and the initiation and the expansion of cracks of the disc cutter in the rolling process are induced, so that the probability of generating blocky spalled rocks is increased, the abrasion of the disc cutter is reduced, the rock breaking efficiency of the disc cutter is improved, and the service life of the disc cutter is prolonged. The rock breaking mode of the existing disc cutter is rolling rock breaking, cracks can expand to the longitudinal depth in the rolling process, and the peeling of the rock is not facilitated, so that the invention introduces the helical teeth from the angle of inducing the crack orientation of the rock according to the movement mode of the sharp teeth when animals eat and bite a prey in combination with the movement mode of the TBM cutter, and the rock is more easily peeled. Meanwhile, because unstable impact abrasive wear exists in the rock breaking process, the problems that the side edge of the bionic helical tooth is easy to curl and the space between the teeth is easy to passivate are solved by introducing the arc edge. Finally, it is also the most important point of the invention to imitateThe rock breaking mechanism of the helical tooth optimizing hob combines the rolling action (arc edge) and the induced crack orientation action (helical tooth), in different rocks, through the tooth back arc length lαThe control of (2) to regulate and control the proportion of two rock breaking functions, thereby realizing rock cutter matching, and providing a good idea for the geological matching design of the hob.
It will be appreciated by those of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments described herein are intended to assist the reader in understanding the principles of the invention and are to be construed as being without limitation to such specifically recited embodiments and examples. Those skilled in the art can make various other specific changes and combinations based on the teachings of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the invention, and these changes and combinations are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A TBM bionic cutter ring edge shape design and an optimization method thereof based on a canine tooth structure are characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, extracting an outer contour line on the middle section of the canine tooth through a reverse engineering technology to obtain a contour curve, wherein the labels of the contour curve are respectively B ', C', D 'and E', and a B 'C' arc segment, a C 'D' arc segment and a D 'E' arc segment which are sequentially connected are formed;
s2, fitting the three sections of circular arcs of the outer contour line to obtain a fitting curve, wherein the fitting curve is a new three-section circular arc section;
s3, introducing the fitting curve obtained in the step S2 into a bionic TBM hob ring, and forming a bionic helical hob in a circumferential array mode, wherein the bionic helical hob comprises a working face and an edge side face; the endpoints of the fitted curves are labeled B, C, D, E respectively, and the reference numerals B, C, D, E in this step correspond to B ', C', D ', E' in step S1, respectively;
in the step S3, the fitting curve B, C, D, E is formed as a bionic helical tooth end curve BC circular arc segment and a bionic helical tooth end curve CD circular arc segment respectively; the curve DE circular arc section of the end part of the bionic helical tooth is represented by O at the center of the cutter ring of the bionic hob cutter ring; the circle center of the curve BC arc section at the end part of the bionic skewed tooth is represented by O1, and the corresponding radius is represented by r 1; the circle center of the CD arc section of the bionic skewed tooth end curve is represented by O2, and the corresponding radius is represented by r 2; the center of a circular arc section of a curve DE at the end part of the bionic helical tooth is represented by O3, the corresponding radius is represented by r3, and the radian corresponding to the circular arc DE section is represented by alpha; the optimized radius of the working surface and the edge side surface of the bionic helical hob is represented by r 4;
s4, in the working process of the bionic helical hob in the rolling process, the side face and the working face of the hob ring bear unstable impact abrasive wear, so that the working face and the edge side face are optimized;
the step S4 further includes the following sub-steps:
s41, overlapping an outer enveloping circle of the bionic helical cutter ring with a DE circular arc section;
s42, controlling the arc length of the ED arc by controlling the size of alpha, and further controlling the structural discontinuity of the bionic helical teeth;
and S43, performing arc treatment on the working face and the edge side of the helical tooth by r4 to ensure that the working face and the edge side have a good transition state and reduce stress concentration.
2. The dog-tooth structure-based TBM bionic knife-edge design and optimization method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the reverse engineering technology in the step S1 is reverse engineering by geomagic software.
3. The dog-tooth structure-based TBM bionic knife-edge design and optimization method thereof according to claim 2, wherein the fitting in the step S2 is performed by using a built-in algorithm of geomagic software.
4. The dog-tooth-structure-based TBM bionic cutter ring blade design and optimization method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the TBM hob ring in the step S3 is a cutter ring structure of a TBM full-face tunnel boring machine.
5. The bit shape design and optimization method of the TBM bionic cutter ring based on the canine tooth structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the outer enveloping circle of the bionic skewed tooth cutter ring in step S41 is the circle of each tooth point inscribed in the bionic skewed tooth hob, and the coincidence of the outer enveloping circle and the arc of the DE arc segment is the coincidence of the circle center of the arc of the DE segment and the circle center of the bionic skewed tooth cutter ring, so that the radius of the arc of the DE segment is equal to the radius of the enveloping circle of the bionic skewed tooth hob.
6. The TBM bionic cutter ring edge design and optimization method based on canine tooth structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the value of α in step S42 is in the range of 0.075rad to 0.162rad, rad being radian unit, and the value of α being 0.116rad being the optimal value.
7. The dog-tooth-structure-based TBM bionic cutter ring blade design and optimization method thereof according to claim 1, wherein the arc treatment in the step S43 is to round the working face and the side edges of the blades.
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