CN111898096B - System and method for visualization of cross-border transfer analysis of football players - Google Patents

System and method for visualization of cross-border transfer analysis of football players Download PDF

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CN111898096B
CN111898096B CN202010717856.6A CN202010717856A CN111898096B CN 111898096 B CN111898096 B CN 111898096B CN 202010717856 A CN202010717856 A CN 202010717856A CN 111898096 B CN111898096 B CN 111898096B
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巫英才
曹安琪
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Zhejiang University ZJU
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Abstract

The invention relates to a system and a method for analyzing and visualizing a cross-country transfer of football players, belonging to the technical field of data analysis and visual analysis. Comprising the following steps: a national view for displaying transnational transfer strategies for each tournament in the intercontinental football league and the country/region for the expert to browse, select and further analyze; an influence view, providing a customized visual component for an expert to observe the change of the bidirectional influence intensity and further analyze the causal relationship; and adjusting the view, providing an interaction method for an expert to adjust the quantity and quality of the nationwide meeting players and obtaining a simulation result. The method can analyze the influence intensity between the national transfer of football players and the national team performance in different countries, helps the expert to find the effect and influence of the football player transfer policy, and is convenient for the subsequent establishment of the appropriate football player national transfer policy.

Description

足球运动员跨国转会分析可视化的系统和方法System and method for visualization of cross-border transfer analysis of football players

技术领域Technical field

本发明涉及数据分析技术领域和可视分析技术领域,具体地说,涉及一种足球运动员跨国转会分析可视化的系统和方法。The present invention relates to the technical field of data analysis and the technical field of visual analysis. Specifically, it relates to a system and method for visualizing football player transnational transfer analysis.

背景技术Background technique

足球深受广大体育爱好者的喜爱,是世界上最流行的体育运动之一。职业足球运动员的跨国转会也已经成为足球领域中不可忽视的现象。近年来,球员的跨国转会如何影响国家队表现,以及国家队成绩如何影响球员跨国转会的问题引起了研究人员的极大兴趣。球员的跨国转会表示球员在自己所在的国家或地区之外的联赛中参加比赛的现象,这包括两个球员流动的方向,即球员进口和球员出口。具体来说,世界上大多数国家和地区都组织了国内联赛,每个国内联赛都包含许多俱乐部。俱乐部被允许交易来自不同国家的球员,并在这个过程中促进了球员的双向跨国转会。Football is deeply loved by sports enthusiasts and is one of the most popular sports in the world. The cross-border transfer of professional football players has also become a phenomenon that cannot be ignored in the field of football. In recent years, the question of how players' cross-border transfers affect national team performance, and how national team performance affects players' cross-border transfers, has aroused great interest among researchers. The cross-border transfer of players represents the phenomenon of players playing in leagues outside their own country or region, which includes two directions of player flow, namely player import and player export. Specifically, most countries and regions in the world have organized domestic leagues, and each domestic league contains many clubs. Clubs are allowed to trade players from different countries and in the process facilitate two-way cross-border transfers of players.

为了能做出关于球员跨国转会政策的适当决策,研究人员提出了很多数据驱动的方法。其中,统计分析,尤其是基于回归的分析,已被广泛用于评估球员跨国转会和国家队表现之间的影响。但是,球员跨国转会与国家队表现之间的影响是双向的,分析起来很复杂。领域专家需要双向影响之间的因果关系来全面分析影响过程。但是,现有的基于回归的解决方案仅限于跨国转会的球员对国家队表现的单向影响,而忽略因果关系。这种传统的回归模型将阻碍对球员跨国转会影响的全面理解。同时,领域专家在深入分析和解释上述分析模型的结果时面临挑战。在制定跨国转会政策的情况下,领域专家需要快速浏览原始数据以选择模型输入并基于领域知识与模型进行交互。因此,领域专家发现在实际应用的情况中很难利用统计分析方法来获得可以应用于决策场景中的宝贵见解。In order to make appropriate decisions regarding player cross-border transfer policies, researchers have proposed many data-driven methods. Among them, statistical analysis, especially regression-based analysis, has been widely used to evaluate the impact between players' cross-border transfers and national team performance. However, the impact between players' cross-border transfers and national team performance is two-way, making analysis complex. Domain experts need causal relationships between bidirectional influences to fully analyze the influence process. However, existing regression-based solutions are limited to the unidirectional impact of cross-border transfers of players on national team performance, while ignoring causal relationships. This traditional regression model would hinder a full understanding of the impact of cross-border player transfers. At the same time, domain experts face challenges in deeply analyzing and interpreting the results of the above analytical models. In the case of developing cross-border transfer policies, domain experts need to quickly browse the raw data to select model inputs and interact with the model based on domain knowledge. Therefore, domain experts find it difficult to utilize statistical analysis methods in real-world applications to gain valuable insights that can be applied in decision-making scenarios.

可视分析技术支持专家进行交互和解释,以将领域知识整合到分析过程中,从而对模型进行调整,并探索详细的球员信息,以提高对结果的理解。但是,在体育可视分析领域,大多数工作都主要关注详细得分表格数据和轨迹数据,用于比赛结果分析和战术分析。仍然缺乏为球员跨国转会量身定制的可视分析方法。同时,回归模型的可视化工作也很少关注跨国转会与国家队表现之间的关系。鉴于独特的数据结构和领域任务,很难直接将当前的研究应用到足球转会分析。Visual analytics technology enables expert interaction and interpretation to integrate domain knowledge into the analysis process to make model adjustments and explore detailed player information to improve understanding of results. However, in the field of sports visual analytics, most works mainly focus on detailed score table data and trajectory data for game result analysis and tactical analysis. There is still a lack of visual analytics methods tailored for cross-border transfers of players. At the same time, visualization work on regression models has paid little attention to the relationship between cross-border transfers and national team performance. Given the unique data structure and domain tasks, it is difficult to directly apply the current research to football transfer analysis.

因此,需要一种足球运动员跨国转会分析的可视化方法,帮助领域专家探索球员跨国转会和国家队表现之间的双向影响,并从大量复杂的足球运动员转会数据中得到结论。Therefore, a visual method for cross-border transfer analysis of football players is needed to help domain experts explore the two-way impact between players' cross-border transfers and national team performance, and draw conclusions from a large amount of complex football player transfer data.

发明内容Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是提供一种足球运动员跨国转会分析可视化的系统和方法,可以对不同国家足球运动员跨国转会与国家队表现之间的影响强度进行分析,帮助专家发现足球运动员转会政策的效果和影响,便于后续制定合适的球员跨国转会政策。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for visualizing the cross-border transfer of football players, which can analyze the intensity of the impact between the cross-border transfer of football players from different countries and the performance of national teams, and help experts discover the consequences of football player transfer policies. The effect and impact will facilitate the subsequent formulation of appropriate cross-border player transfer policies.

为了实现上述目的,第一方面,本发明提供的足球运动员跨国转会分析可视化的系统包括:In order to achieve the above object, in the first aspect, the system for analyzing and visualizing the cross-border transfer of football players provided by the present invention includes:

国家视图,用于显示洲际足球联盟和国家/地区中各个联赛的跨国转会策略,以供专家进行浏览、选择和进一步分析;Country view, which displays cross-border transfer strategies for individual leagues in confederations and countries/regions for experts to browse, select and further analyze;

影响视图,提供定制的可视化组件,供专家观察双向影响强度的变化,并进一步分析因果关系;Impact View provides customized visualization components for experts to observe changes in bidirectional impact intensity and further analyze causal relationships;

调整视图,提供交互方法,供专家调整跨国转会球员的数量和质量,并获取模拟结果。Adjust the view to provide an interactive method for experts to adjust the quantity and quality of cross-border transfer players and obtain simulation results.

优选的,所述的国家视图包括用于显示全球球员跨国转会概览以及统计性的世界地图的地图组件和用于提供相似性方面的全球跨国转会策略的投影相似性组件。Preferably, the country view includes a map component for displaying an overview of global player cross-border transfers and a statistical world map, and a projected similarity component for providing global cross-border transfer strategies in terms of similarity.

地图组件显示全球球员跨国转会概览以及统计性的世界地图,以便用户浏览感兴趣的洲际足球联盟。由于同一大洲跨国转会政策通常相似,用户据通常从单个洲际足球联盟(例如欧足联)中选择国家进行分析,并根据详细的跨国转会信息选择洲际足球联盟。地图组件中提供了统计性世界地图来展示跨国转会变量的值。用户可以使用统计世界地图上方的按钮切换跨国转会变量。地图组件中使用不透明度来编码所选国家的进口球员或出口球员的变量的特定值。The map component displays an overview of global player cross-border transfers and a statistical world map, allowing users to browse the continental football leagues of interest. Since cross-border transfer policies within the same continent are often similar, users typically select countries from a single continental football league (e.g. UEFA) for analysis, and select continental football leagues based on detailed cross-border transfer information. A statistical world map is provided in the map component to display the values of the cross-country transfer variables. Users can toggle the cross-country transfer variable using the button above the statistics world map. Opacity is used in the map component to encode specific values for variables that import players or export players to the selected country.

相似性组件提供了相似性方面的全球跨国转会策略的投影。用户需要分析具有相似跨国转会的策略的国家。因此,相似性组件中采用散点图来显示所有国家跨国转会策略的相似程度。散点图中点的位置由t-SNE投影算法确定。在t-SNE投影中,一个国家的原始向量由跨国转会的球员的总数,平均市场价值,平均出场次数和平均进球组成,这些均值是足球运动员跨国转会分析中经常使用的变量,通常用于描述跨国转会策略。通过投影结果,用户可以辨别在跨国转会策略上相似的国家。散点图中采用不透明度对每个国家的跨国转会变量进行编码。The similarity component provides a projection of global cross-border transfer strategies in terms of similarity. The user needs to analyze countries with similar cross-border transfer strategies. Therefore, a scatterplot is used in the similarity component to show the extent to which cross-border transfer strategies are similar across all countries. The positions of the points in the scatter plot are determined by the t-SNE projection algorithm. In the t-SNE projection, the original vector of a country consists of the total number of players who have transferred cross-border, the average market value, the average number of appearances and the average goals. These means are variables often used in the analysis of cross-border transfers of football players, usually Used to describe cross-border transfer strategies. By projecting the results, users can identify countries with similar cross-border transfer strategies. Opacity is used to code the cross-country transfer variable for each country in the scatterplot.

其中,跨国转会变量包括:球员数目,球员身价,球员单赛季平均出场次数和球员单赛季平均进球数。Among them, cross-border transfer variables include: number of players, player value, average number of appearances in a player's single season and average number of goals scored by a player in a single season.

优选的,所述的国家视图包括以下交互操作:Preferably, the country view includes the following interactive operations:

时间筛选,用户通过拖动滑块过滤感兴趣的时间区间;Time filtering, users can filter the time interval of interest by dragging the slider;

方向切换,用户通过按钮切换在国家视图中显示进口球员还是出口球员;Direction switching, the user can use the button to switch whether to display imported players or exported players in the country view;

国家搜索,用户通过搜索栏搜索感兴趣的国家;Country search, users search for countries of interest through the search bar;

国家选择,用户通过单击或框选在所述地图组件中选择洲际足球联盟,或在所述相似性组件中选择国家,所选择的洲际足球联盟或国家以颜色突出显示。For country selection, the user selects a continental football league in the map component by clicking or making a box selection, or selects a country in the similarity component, and the selected continental football league or country is highlighted in color.

优选的,所述的影响视图包括影响图,所述图将条形图与时间线放置在一起显示多年来的影响强度;所述条形图的高度表示由交叉滞后路径分析模型计算出的影响强度。Preferably, the impact view includes an impact diagram, which displays a bar chart and a timeline together to show the intensity of the impact over the years; the height of the bar chart represents the impact calculated by the cross-lag path analysis model. strength.

优选的,在详细影响模式下,使用圆圈来编码跨国转会的球员变量和国家队表现之间的主要影响方向,圆圈的颜色编码主要的影响方向,而面积则编码两个方向的影响强度的差值。Preferably, in the detailed influence mode, use circles to encode the main direction of influence between player variables of cross-border transfers and national team performance. The color of the circle encodes the main direction of influence, while the area encodes the intensity of the influence in both directions. difference.

影响图可以交叉滞后的路径分析模型的结果进行可视化。对影响强度按年份比较是影响视图中的主要任务。因此,为了进行直接比较,影响图将条形图与时间线直接放置在一起以显示多年来的影响强度。条形图的高度表示由交叉滞后路径分析模型计算出的影响强度(高度越高,影响强度越大)。为了清楚地显示影响强度的变化趋势,除线性比例外,还提供了条形图高度的指数比例选项。影响图可以在总影响和详细影响之间切换。在总影响方式下,用户可以比较进口球员和出口球员的总影响强度,并同时发现变化趋势。在详细影响模式下使用圆圈来编码跨国转会的球员变量和国家队表现之间的主要影响方向。圆圈的颜色编码主要的影响方向,而面积则编码两个方向的影响强度的差值(面积越大,影响强度差值越大)。影响图中将圆圈与相应的条形图对齐,以方便发现双向影响随时间的因果关系。Influence diagrams can be used to visualize the results of a cross-lagged path analysis model. Comparing impact intensity by year is the main task in the impact view. So, to make a direct comparison, an impact diagram places a bar chart directly alongside a timeline to show the intensity of the impact over the years. The height of the bar graph represents the intensity of the influence calculated by the cross-lagged path analysis model (the higher the height, the greater the intensity of the influence). To clearly show changing trends in the intensity of the effects, in addition to linear scaling, an exponential scaling option for the bar height is available. The impact diagram can be switched between total impact and detailed impact. In the total impact mode, users can compare the total impact intensity of imported players and export players and discover changing trends at the same time. Circles are used in the detailed effects model to code the main direction of effects between player variables of cross-country transfers and national team performance. The color of the circle encodes the main direction of influence, while the area encodes the difference in intensity of influence in the two directions (the larger the area, the greater the difference in intensity of influence). Circles are aligned with corresponding bars in an influence diagram to facilitate the discovery of cause-and-effect relationships over time in both directions.

优选的,所述的影响视图包括以下交互操作:Preferably, the influence view includes the following interactive operations:

合并年份,用户在影响图中刷选年份,被刷选的年份的各属性的平均值作为所述交叉滞后路径分析模型中的单个时间点的属性;To merge the years, the user selects the year in the influence diagram, and the average value of each attribute in the selected year is used as the attribute of a single time point in the cross-lagged path analysis model;

调整变量,用户通过单击影响图左上角的按钮来调整所述交叉滞后路径分析模型中参与计算的跨国转会变量;To adjust variables, the user clicks the button in the upper left corner of the influence diagram to adjust the cross-country transfer variables involved in the calculation of the cross-lagged path analysis model;

展开比较结果,用户单击影响图左侧的按钮以展开不同类型的影响之间的比较结果;To expand the comparison results, the user clicks the button on the left side of the impact diagram to expand the comparison results between different types of impacts;

突出显示属性,用户单击影响图中的条形图以突出显示每年在相同位置的条形图,进行清晰的观察。Highlighting an attribute, the user clicks on a bar in the influence plot to highlight the bar at the same location each year for clear observation.

在上述影响视图中,可以在影响图中刷选年份,被刷选的年份的各属性的平均值会作为交叉滞后路径分析模型中的单个时间点的属性;可以通过单击影响视图左上角的按钮来调整交叉滞后路径分析模型中参与计算的跨国转会变量;可以单击影响图左侧的按钮以展开不同类型(出口或进口)的影响之间的比较结果;可以单击影响图中的条形图以突出显示每年在相同位置的条形图,以便进行清晰的观察。In the above influence view, you can select a year in the influence diagram. The average value of each attribute in the selected year will be used as an attribute at a single time point in the cross-lagged path analysis model; you can click on the upper left corner of the influence view. button to adjust the cross-country transfer variables involved in the calculation of the cross-lagged path analysis model; you can click the button on the left side of the impact diagram to expand the comparison results between different types of impacts (exports or imports); you can click in the impact diagram Bar chart to highlight the bars at the same location each year for clear observation.

优选的,所述的调整视图包括调整部分和结果部分,所述调整部分包含与所述的影响视图中选定的跨国转会变量相对应的滑块,用户通过该滑块调整跨国转会的球员变量;所述结果部分包含用于表示国家队表现变化的确切值的文本。Preferably, the adjustment view includes an adjustment part and a result part, the adjustment part includes a slider corresponding to the selected cross-border transfer variable in the influence view, and the user adjusts the cross-border transfer through the slider. Player variable; the results section contains text representing the exact value of the change in the national team's performance.

用户可以通过滑块在调整部分调整跨国转会的球员变量,并实时查看调整结果。调整视图中按照目标年份放置两个调整面板,并按时间顺序排列,以便在相邻年份的双向跨国转会调整之间进行比较。通过这种方式,用户可以比较调整面板的结果部分,得出结论,即在哪一年和哪个方向进行调整可以明显提高国家队的表现。Users can adjust player variables for cross-border transfers through the slider in the adjustment section and view the adjustment results in real time. Two adjustment panels are placed in the adjustment view by target year and arranged in chronological order to allow comparison between two-way cross-border transfer adjustments in adjacent years. In this way, the user can compare the results section of the adjustment panel and draw conclusions as to which year and in which direction adjustments could significantly improve the performance of the national team.

以上可视分析系统中视图之间存在关联,并提供了丰富的交互机制,包括点击、刷选、切换、框选、鼠标悬停以及拖动滑动条操作。The views in the above visual analysis system are related and provide a rich interaction mechanism, including click, swipe selection, switching, frame selection, mouse hovering and dragging the slider bar.

针对点击操作,在国家视图中,用户可以通过单击在地图组件中选择洲际足球联盟,或在相似性组件中选择国家。在影响视图中,用户可以通过单击影响视图左上角的按钮来调整交叉滞后路径分析模型中参与计算的跨国转会变量,通过单击影响图中的条形图以突出显示每年在相同位置的条形图,以便进行清晰的观察。For click actions, in the countries view, the user can click to select confederations in the map component or to select a country in the similarity component. In the Impact view, users can adjust the cross-country transfer variables that are calculated in the cross-lagged path analysis model by clicking the button in the upper left corner of the Impact view, and by clicking on the bars in the Impact plot to highlight the cross-country transfer variables at the same location each year. Bar graph for clear observation.

针对刷选操作,在影响视图中,用户可以在影响图中刷选年份,被刷选的年份的各属性的平均值会作为交叉滞后路径分析模型中的单个时间点的属性。For the brush selection operation, in the influence view, the user can brush the year in the influence diagram, and the average value of each attribute in the brush-selected year will be used as the attribute of a single time point in the cross-lagged path analysis model.

针对切换操作,在国家视图中,用户可以通过按钮切换在国家视图中显示进口球员还是出口球员。在影响视图中,用户可以单击影响图左侧的按钮以展开不同类型(出口或进口)的影响之间的比较结果。For switching operations, in the country view, the user can switch whether to display imported players or export players in the country view through the button. In the Impact view, the user can click the button to the left of the Impact graph to expand the comparison results between impacts of different types (export or import).

针对框选操作,在国家视图中,用户可以通过鼠标框选在相似性组件中选择国家,也可以通过鼠标框选反向选择移除已经选中的国家。For the box selection operation, in the country view, the user can select a country in the similarity component through mouse box selection, or can reversely select and remove an already selected country through mouse box selection.

针对鼠标悬停操作,在国家视图中,用户可以通过鼠标悬停获取地图组件和相似性组件洲际足球联盟或国家中球员跨国转会变量的详细信息。在调整视图中,用户可以通过将鼠标悬停在调整部分的滑块上查看该国家跨国转会变量的确切值。For mouseover operations, in the country view, users can obtain detailed information on cross-border transfer variables of players in the Confederations and Countries of the Map component and the Similarity component via mouseover. In the adjustment view, users can see the exact value of the cross-country transfer variable for that country by hovering the mouse over the slider in the adjustment section.

针对拖动滑动条操作,在国家视图中,用户可以通过拖动视图上方的滑块过滤感兴趣的时间区间。在调整视图中,用户可以通过拖动滑块在调整部分调整跨国转会的球员变量。For dragging the slider bar operation, in the country view, the user can filter the time interval of interest by dragging the slider above the view. In the Adjustments view, users can adjust player variables for cross-country transfers in the Adjustments section by dragging the sliders.

第二方面,本发明提供的足球运动员跨国转会分析可视化的方法,基于上述足球运动员跨国转会分析可视化的系统实现,包括以下步骤:In the second aspect, the method for visualizing the analysis and visualization of the cross-border transfer of football players provided by the present invention is based on the system implementation of the above-mentioned visualization and analysis of the transnational transfer of football players, and includes the following steps:

1)获取各个国家顶级足球联赛中的球员跨国转会数据,即球员数目、球员身价、球员单赛季平均出场次数和球员单赛季平均进球数,并获取各个国家的国际足联排名积分;1) Obtain the cross-border transfer data of players in the top football leagues of each country, that is, the number of players, the player's worth, the average number of players' appearances in a single season and the average number of goals scored by the players in a single season, and obtain the FIFA ranking points of each country;

2)将步骤1)获取的足球运动员跨国转会数据进行可视化,得到全球足球运动员跨国转会变量的概览,并得到每个国家球员跨国转会变量的降维投影结果,并选定一个国家,确定进一步分析的数据集;2) Visualize the cross-border transfer data of football players obtained in step 1) to obtain an overview of the cross-border transfer variables of global football players, obtain the dimensionality reduction projection results of the cross-border transfer variables of players from each country, and select a country. identify data sets for further analysis;

3)根据步骤2)选定的国家采用交叉滞后路径分析模型计算出影响强度,将影响强度可视化并显示到影响视图,进行球员跨国转会与国家队表现之间影响的详细分析;同时选择年份,在调整视图对选定年份进行调整;3) Use the cross-lagged path analysis model to calculate the impact intensity based on the country selected in step 2), visualize the impact intensity and display it in the impact view, and conduct a detailed analysis of the impact between player cross-border transfers and national team performance; at the same time, select the year , adjust the selected year in the adjustment view;

4)根据步骤2)选定的国家和步骤3)选定的年份,在调整视图中对跨国转会变量进行调整并获取调整后国家队表现的结果。4) Based on the country selected in step 2) and the year selected in step 3), adjust the cross-border transfer variables in the adjustment view and obtain the results of the adjusted national team performance.

步骤2)包括:Step 2) includes:

2-1)拖动滑动条选择感兴趣的球员跨国转会时间段;2-1) Drag the slider bar to select the cross-border transfer time period for the players you are interested in;

2-2)点击四种跨国转会变量对应的按钮来切换感兴趣的变量;2-2) Click the buttons corresponding to the four cross-border transfer variables to switch the variables of interest;

2-3)点击球员输入和球员输出对应的按钮来切换球员跨国转会的方向;2-3) Click the buttons corresponding to player input and player output to switch the direction of player cross-border transfer;

2-4)通过点击或鼠标框选将感兴趣的洲际足球联盟或国家加入到影响视图,并通过鼠标框选反向选择移除已经选中的国家。2-4) Add the interested continental football leagues or countries to the impact view by clicking or selecting them with the mouse, and remove the selected countries by reverse selection with the mouse.

步骤3)包括:Step 3) includes:

3-1)点击球员跨国转会属性选择交叉滞后路径分析模型中计算影响强度所采用的属性;3-1) Click on the player's cross-border transfer attribute to select the attribute used to calculate the impact intensity in the cross-lagged path analysis model;

3-2)观察输入球员和输出球员对国家队表现的总影响强度以及比较结果;3-2) Observe the total impact of input players and output players on the performance of the national team and the comparison results;

3-3)点击输入球员或输出球员按钮,查看输入球员或输出球员与国家队表现之间的详细影响及因果关系;3-3) Click the Import Player or Export Player button to view the detailed impact and causal relationship between the input player or export player and the performance of the national team;

3-4)点击年份标签选择年份,在调整视图对选定年份进行调整。3-4) Click the year label to select the year, and adjust the selected year in the adjustment view.

与现有技术相比,本发明的有益之处在于:Compared with the prior art, the benefits of the present invention are:

本发明提供的足球运动员跨国转会分析可视化的方法中,足球的数据分析师只需要导入对应格式的足球运动员跨国转会数据和国家队表现数据,就可以轻松、直观又全面、深入地对足球运动员的跨国转会政策进行有效的分析,从而快速清晰地探究足球运动员跨国转会和国家队表现之间的影响强度,以便后续更有针对性地调整足球运动员的跨国转会政策。领域专家对本发明给予了高度肯定。In the method for visualizing football player transnational transfer analysis provided by the present invention, football data analysts only need to import football player transnational transfer data and national team performance data in corresponding formats, and can easily, intuitively, comprehensively and in-depth analyze football players. Conduct effective analysis of athletes' cross-border transfer policies to quickly and clearly explore the intensity of the impact between football players' cross-border transfers and national team performance, so that subsequent more targeted adjustments to football players' cross-border transfer policies can be made. Experts in the field have given high recognition to this invention.

附图说明Description of drawings

图1为本发明实施例中足球运动员跨国转会分析可视化的系统的界面示意图;Figure 1 is a schematic interface diagram of a system for analyzing and visualizing the cross-border transfer of football players in an embodiment of the present invention;

图2为本发明实施例中影响图的示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an influence diagram in an embodiment of the present invention.

具体实施方式Detailed ways

为使本发明的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,以下结合实施例及其附图对本发明作进一步说明。显然,所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在无需创造性劳动的前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the described embodiments, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

除非另外定义,本发明使用的技术术语或者科学术语应当为本发明所属领域内具有一般技能的人士所理解的通常意义。本发明中使用的“包括”或者“包含”等类似的词语意指出现该词前面的元件或者物件涵盖出现在该词后面列举的元件或者物件及其等同,而不排除其他元件或者物件。“连接”或者“相连”等类似的词语并非限定于物理的或者机械的连接,而是可以包括电性的连接,不管是直接的还是间接的。“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”等仅用于表示相对位置关系,当被描述对象的绝对位置改变后,则该相对位置关系也可能相应地改变。Unless otherwise defined, technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the usual meaning understood by a person with ordinary skill in the field to which the present invention belongs. Similar words such as "include" or "include" used in the present invention mean that the elements or things appearing before the word include the elements or things listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or things. Words such as "connected" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "down", "left", "right", etc. are only used to express relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

实施例Example

参见图1,本实施例的足球运动员跨国转会分析可视化的系统包括:Referring to Figure 1, the system for analyzing and visualizing the cross-border transfer of football players in this embodiment includes:

国家视图,包含地图组件(如图1中A1所示)和相似性组件(如图1中A2所示),显示洲际足球联盟和国家/地区中各个联赛的跨国转会策略,以方便专家进行浏览、选择和进一步分析;The country view, which contains a map component (shown as A1 in Figure 1) and a similarity component (shown as A2 in Figure 1), displays the cross-border transfer strategies of various leagues in continental football leagues and countries/regions to facilitate experts. Browse, select and further analyze;

影响视图,提供定制的可视化组件影响图(如图1中B所示),包括总影响(如图1中B2所示)和详细影响(如图1中B3所示),专家可以观察双向影响强度的变化,并进一步分析因果关系;Impact view provides a customized visual component impact diagram (shown as B in Figure 1), including total impact (shown as B2 in Figure 1) and detailed impact (shown as B3 in Figure 1), and experts can observe the two-way impact Changes in intensity and further analyze causal relationships;

调整视图(如图1中C所示),提供交互方法,专家可以调整跨国转会球员的数量和质量,并获取模拟结果。The adjustment view (shown as C in Figure 1) provides an interactive method so that experts can adjust the quantity and quality of cross-border transfer players and obtain simulation results.

参与评估的足球分析人员需要观察欧洲足球协会联盟(欧足联)中球员跨国转会政策的影响,并为进一步制定政策提供参考。根据分析人员,欧足联国家中的顶级联赛,特别是五大联赛,是最发达的联赛,吸引了全球成千上万的顶级球员。欧足联在全球球员跨国转会趋势中扮演着重要角色。因此,分析人员对欧足联国家/地区的球员跨国转会很感兴趣。Football analysts involved in the assessment need to observe the impact of the cross-border player transfer policy in the Union of European Football Associations (UEFA) and provide reference for further policy formulation. According to analysts, the top leagues among UEFA countries, especially the top five, are the most developed, attracting thousands of top players from around the world. UEFA plays an important role in the global trend of international player transfers. Analysts are therefore interested in cross-border transfers of players from UEFA countries.

国家视图中的地图组件显示全球球员跨国转会概览以及统计性的世界地图,以便分析人员浏览感兴趣的洲际足球联盟(如图1中A1所示)。分析人员可以使用统计世界地图上方的按钮切换跨国转会变量。地图组件中采用不透明度来编码所选国家的进口球员或出口球员的变量的特定值。相似性组件采用散点图来显示所有国家跨国转会变量的降维投影结果(如图1中A2所示)。散点图中采用不透明度对每个国家的跨国转会变量进行编码。地图组件和相似性组件中选中的国家同时采用颜色高亮,分析人员可以在两个组件中同时观察选中的洲际足球联盟或国家。移动在视图上的滑块可以过滤感兴趣的时间段。同时可以通过切换按钮切换在概览组件显示进口球员还是出口球员。分析人员可以在地图组件中点击感兴趣的洲际足球联盟,或在相似性组件中框选感兴趣的国家进行进一步的详细分析。The map component in the country view displays an overview of global player cross-border transfers as well as a statistical world map to allow analysts to browse the continental football leagues of interest (shown as A1 in Figure 1). Analysts can toggle the cross-country transfer variable using the button above the statistics world map. Opacity is used in the map component to encode specific values for variables that import or export players to the selected country. The similarity component uses a scatter plot to display the dimensionality reduction projection results of cross-border transfer variables for all countries (shown in A2 in Figure 1). Opacity is used to code the cross-country transfer variable for each country in the scatterplot. Selected countries are highlighted with color in both the Map component and the Similarity component, allowing analysts to observe selected confederations or countries in both components at the same time. Move the slider over the view to filter the time period of interest. At the same time, you can use the switch button to switch whether to display imported players or exported players in the overview component. Analysts can click on the confederation of interest in the map component, or select the country of interest in the similarity component for further detailed analysis.

首先,分析人员将时间滑块调整为1992年至2018年,并在国家视图中选择了欧足联的所有国家/地区(如图1中A1所示)。然后,分析人员在地图组件中观察了按年平均的进口球员变量和出口球员变量的值。通过观察,分析人员发现,欧足联国家的每个进口球员变量的值都大大高于其他国家,并且出口球员变量的值也高于大多数其他国家。因此,分析人员在进一步分析中主要关注了球员进口与欧足联国家队表现之间的影响,并将所有欧足联国家/地区加入影响视图中。First, the analysts adjusted the time slider to 1992 to 2018 and selected all UEFA countries in the country view (shown as A1 in Figure 1). The analysts then looked at the values of the imported player variable and the exported player variable averaged by year in the map component. Through observation, the analysts found that UEFA countries had significantly higher values for each of the imported player variables than other countries, and also had higher values for the exported player variables than most other countries. Therefore, the analysts focused on the impact between player imports and UEFA national team performance in further analysis, and added all UEFA countries/regions into the impact view.

影响视图包含一个新设计的影响图,以可视化交叉滞后的路径分析模型的结果(如图1中B2,B3所示)。对影响强度按年份比较是影响视图中的主要任务。因此,为了进行直接比较,系统将条形图与时间线直接放置在一起以显示多年来的影响强度。条形图的高度表示由交叉滞后路径分析模型计算出的影响强度。为了清楚地显示影响强度的变化趋势,除线性比例外,还提供了条形图高度的指数比例选项。影响图可以在总影响和详细影响之间切换。在总影响方式下,分析人员可以比较进口球员和出口球员的总影响强度,并同时发现变化趋势。在详细影响模式下,系统使用圆圈来编码跨国转会的球员变量和国家队表现之间的主要影响方向。圆圈的颜色编码主要的影响方向,而面积则编码两个方向的影响强度的差值。The Impact View contains a newly designed impact diagram to visualize the results of the cross-lagged path analysis model (shown as B2, B3 in Figure 1). Comparing impact intensity by year is the main task in the impact view. Therefore, to make a direct comparison, the system places a bar chart directly alongside a timeline to show the intensity of the impact over the years. The height of the bar represents the strength of the effect calculated by the cross-lagged path analysis model. To clearly show changing trends in the intensity of the effects, in addition to linear scaling, an exponential scaling option for the bar height is available. The impact diagram can be switched between total impact and detailed impact. In the total impact mode, analysts can compare the total impact strength of imported players and export players and discover changing trends at the same time. In detailed impact mode, the system uses circles to encode the main direction of impact between player variables of cross-country transfers and national team performance. The color of the circle encodes the main direction of influence, while the area encodes the difference in intensity of influence in the two directions.

例如使用详细影响模式下的影响图来说明对2015年至2018年出口球员的分析,如图2所示。上面的一组条形图代表出口球员对国家队表现的影响,下面的一组表示国家队表现对出口球员的影响。每年影响图的每一列都包含四个条形图。四个条形图分别表示与球员数量,市场价值,出场次数和进球有关的影响(如图2中B,D所示)。当分析人员关注特定跨国转会变量与国家队表现之间影响强度的变化趋势时,他们可以比较每年相同位置的条形图。为了发现出口球员与国家队表现之间的主要影响方向,分析人员可以观察两条条形图之间的圆圈(如图2中C所示)。通过各种比较,分析人员可以对球员跨国转会进行全面分析。For example, use the impact diagram in the detailed impact model to illustrate the analysis of exported players from 2015 to 2018, as shown in Figure 2. The upper set of bars represents the impact of exported players on national team performance, and the lower set represents the impact of national team performance on exported players. Each column of the annual impact graph contains four bars. The four bar graphs respectively represent the effects related to the number of players, market value, number of appearances and goals (shown as B, D in Figure 2). When analysts focus on trends in the strength of the effect between a specific cross-country transfer variable and national team performance, they can compare bar charts for the same position each year. To discover the main direction of influence between export players and national team performance, analysts can observe the circle between the two bars (shown as C in Figure 2). Through various comparisons, analysts can conduct a comprehensive analysis of players' cross-border transfers.

将欧足联国家/地区加入影响视图后,分析人员开始评估1992年至2018年间提出的重要跨国转会的政策的效果(如图1中B所示)。分析人员指出,球员的跨国转会政策直接影响跨国转会球员的人数和市场价值。因此,分析人员在下面的分析中选择了这两个跨国转会变量。考虑到政策效果的延迟性,分析人员将连续的三年或四年合并,以更清楚地观察其影响。结果以条形图的形式显示在影响视图中。After adding UEFA countries/regions to the impact view, analysts began to evaluate the effects of policies on important cross-border transfers proposed between 1992 and 2018 (shown in Figure 1, B). Analysts pointed out that players’ cross-border transfer policies directly affect the number and market value of cross-border transfer players. Therefore, the analysts selected these two cross-country transfer variables in the analysis below. Given the delayed nature of policy effects, analysts combine three or four consecutive years to more clearly observe its impact. The results are displayed in the Impact view as a bar chart.

对于总影响(如图1中B2所示),分析人员发现,从进口球员到国家队表现的总影响从1996年到2010年逐渐上升,从2011年开始略有下降,并在2011年之后保持稳定。这与分析人员的知识相吻合。分析人员解释说,这是由于1995年的博斯曼法案和2006年引入的《本土球员规则》的影响。根据分析人员的说法,博斯曼法案是为了让球员在欧洲各俱乐部之间更自由地转会,并促进了球员在欧足联国家/地区间的跨国转会。欧足联提出了《本土球员规则》,以强制参加比赛的本土球员人数,并进一步对球员从其他国家跨国转会到欧足联国家产生了不利影响。分析人员得出的结论是,博斯曼法案明显增加了进口球员对国家队表现的影响,而《本土球员规则》在一定程度上降低了这种影响的强度。因此,分析人员通过观察详细影响来分析影响的内部过程。Regarding the total impact (shown as B2 in Figure 1), the analysts found that the total impact from imported players to national team performance gradually increased from 1996 to 2010, decreased slightly starting in 2011, and remained constant after 2011 Stablize. This is consistent with the analysts' knowledge. Analysts explain that this is due to the impact of the Bosman Act of 1995 and the introduction of the Homegrown Player Rule in 2006. According to analysts, the Bosman Act is intended to allow players to move more freely between European clubs and facilitate cross-border transfers of players between UEFA countries. UEFA proposed the "Home Player Rule" to enforce the number of local players participating in competitions and further adversely affected cross-border transfers of players from other countries to UEFA countries. Analysts concluded that the Bosman Act significantly increased the impact of imported players on the national team's performance, while the Homegrown Players Rule reduced the intensity of this impact to a certain extent. Therefore, analysts analyze the internal processes of impact by observing the impact in detail.

对于详细影响(如图1中B3所示),分析人员分别观察选中的两个跨国转会变量。为了评估球员数量的影响,分析人员发现,从1996年到1998年,进口球员的数量很大程度上受到国家队表现的影响,这符合博斯曼法案的效果。分析人员解释说,在自由转会的环境下,外国球员更有可能选择国家队水平更高的国家来寻求更好的发展机会。之后,分析人员注意到,从1999年到2007年,进口球员对国家队表现的影响大大超过了其他影响方向。他们解释说,在大规模球员跨国转会之后,欧足联国家的进口球员对国内球员的水平产生了积极影响,并进一步影响了国家队的表现。同时,随着这一时期球员的跨国转会,欧足联其他国家的进口球员数量也逐渐增加,这减少了国家队表现对进口球员数量的影响。分析人员还解释说,2008年之后影响强度的变化与《本土球员规则》的影响相对应,这导致了国家队表现对进口球员数量的影响减少,而另一个方向的影响则增加了。为了评估市场价值的影响,分析人员观察到,从2008年到2010年,进口球员对国家队表现的影响非常大。这表明此期间球员出现了价格过高的现象,该现象受到了2010年提出的《欧足联金融公平竞赛条例》的有效控制。For the detailed impact (shown as B3 in Figure 1), analysts observe the two selected cross-border transfer variables separately. To assess the impact of player numbers, analysts found that from 1996 to 1998, the number of imported players was significantly affected by the performance of the national team, consistent with the effect of the Bosman Act. Analysts explained that in a free transfer environment, foreign players are more likely to choose countries with a higher level of national teams to seek better development opportunities. Later, analysts noticed that from 1999 to 2007, the impact of imported players on the performance of the national team greatly exceeded other directions of influence. They explained that following the large-scale cross-border player transfers, the import of players from UEFA countries has had a positive impact on the level of domestic players and further affected the performance of the national team. At the same time, with the cross-border transfer of players during this period, the number of imported players from other UEFA countries also gradually increased, which reduced the impact of the national team's performance on the number of imported players. The analysts also explained that the change in the intensity of the impact after 2008 corresponds to the impact of the Local Players Rule, which resulted in a decrease in the impact of national team performance on the number of imported players and an increase in the impact in the other direction. To assess the impact of market value, analysts observed that from 2008 to 2010, the impact of imported players on national team performance was very large. This shows that players were overpriced during this period, which was effectively controlled by the UEFA Financial Fair Play Regulations proposed in 2010.

在影响视图中选择目标年份后,分析人员可以在调整视图中进行进一步的模拟分析(如图1中C所示)。分析人员需要在交叉滞后的路径分析模型的基础上进行模拟分析。分析人员倾向于调整进口球员和出口球员的数量和质量,然后评估国家队的表现如何变化。因此,影响视图中提供调整面板,供分析人员调整跨国转会变量并直接分析结果(如图1中C1,C2所示)。系统专注于调整操作和结果显示,而不展示模拟过程。调整面板可以分为两部分,调整部分和结果部分。调整部分包含与影响视图中选定的跨国转会变量相对应的滑块。结果部分包含一些文本,以表示国家队表现变化的确切值。分析人员可以通过滑块在调整部分调整跨国转会的球员变量,并实时查看调整结果。调整视图中按照目标年份放置两个调整面板,并按时间顺序排列它们,以便在相邻年份的双向跨国转会调整之间进行比较。通过这种方式,分析人员可以比较调整面板的结果部分,得出结论,即在哪一年和哪个方向进行调整可以明显提高国家队的表现。After selecting the target year in the impact view, analysts can conduct further simulation analysis in the adjustment view (shown as C in Figure 1). Analysts need to conduct simulation analysis based on the cross-lagged path analysis model. Analysts tend to adjust the quantity and quality of imported and exported players and then evaluate how the national team's performance changes. Therefore, the adjustment panel is provided in the impact view for analysts to adjust cross-border transfer variables and directly analyze the results (shown as C1 and C2 in Figure 1). The system focuses on adjusting operations and displaying results rather than demonstrating the simulation process. The adjustment panel can be divided into two parts, the adjustment part and the results part. The Adjustments section contains sliders corresponding to the cross-country transfer variables selected in the Impact view. The results section contains some text to represent the exact value of the change in the national team's performance. Analysts can adjust player variables for cross-border transfers in the adjustment section via sliders and view the adjustment results in real time. Place two adjustment panels by target year in the adjustment view and arrange them in chronological order to allow comparison between adjustments for two-way cross-country transfers in adjacent years. In this way, analysts can compare the resulting sections of the adjustment panel and draw conclusions as to which year and in which direction adjustments were made that significantly improved the national team's performance.

在调整视图中,分析人员选择了一个典型的出口占主导地位的国家阿根廷来验证其假设(如图1中C所示)。分析人员比较了阿根廷的进口球员和出口球员,发现出口球员的数量和质量都超过了进口球员,这证明阿根廷是出口占主导地位的国家。然后,分析人员略微增加了出口球员的数量,并注意到阿根廷的国际足联积分和排名也有所提高。因此,领域专家证实,增加出口球员的数量可以提高球员出口占主导地位的国家的国家队表现。In the adjustment view, the analysts selected Argentina, a typical export-dominated country, to test their hypothesis (shown as C in Figure 1). Analysts compared Argentina's imported players and exported players and found that the quantity and quality of exported players exceeded that of imported players, which proves that Argentina is a country dominated by exports. The analysts then slightly increased the number of exported players and noted that Argentina's FIFA points and rankings also improved. Therefore, experts in the field confirm that increasing the number of exported players can improve national team performance in countries where player exports dominate.

综上,该足球运动员跨国转会分析可视化的方法能够有效而迅速地帮助用户探究足球运动员跨国转会与国家队表现之间的关系,并支持强大的多步分析。In summary, this method of visualizing football players' cross-border transfer analysis can effectively and quickly help users explore the relationship between football players' cross-border transfers and national team performance, and supports powerful multi-step analysis.

Claims (9)

1. A system for cross country transfer analysis visualization for football players, comprising:
a national view for displaying transnational transfer strategies for each tournament in the intercontinental football league and the country/region for the expert to browse, select and further analyze;
an influence view, providing a customized visual component for an expert to observe the change of the bidirectional influence intensity and further analyze the causal relationship;
adjusting views, providing an interaction method for an expert to adjust the quantity and quality of the nationwide meeting players and obtaining a simulation result;
the interaction between views in the system comprises the following steps:
1) Acquiring the cross-country transfer data of players in the top-level football tournament of each country, namely the number of players, the price of the players, the average number of times of play of the single season of the players and the average number of goals of the single season of the players, and acquiring the international football rank points of each country;
2) Visualizing the nationwide transfer data of the football players obtained in the step 1) to obtain an overview of the nationwide transfer variables of the global football players, obtaining a dimension reduction projection result of the nationwide transfer variables of the football players in each country, selecting one country, and determining a data set for further analysis;
3) Calculating influence intensity by adopting a cross hysteresis path analysis model according to the country selected in the step 2), visualizing the influence intensity and displaying the influence intensity to an influence view, and carrying out detailed analysis on influence between the transition of the player across the country and the performance of the team of the country; simultaneously selecting the year, and adjusting the selected year in the adjustment view;
4) And according to the country selected in the step 2) and the year selected in the step 3), adjusting the transnational transfer variables in the adjustment view and obtaining the result of the adjusted national team performance.
2. The system for visualizing a national transition analysis for a soccer player of claim 1, wherein said national view comprises a map component for displaying a global player national transition overview and a statistical world map and a projected similarity component for providing a global national transition strategy in terms of similarity.
3. The system for cross-country transfer analysis visualization of football players of claim 2, wherein the country view comprises the following interactions:
time screening, wherein a user filters an interested time interval by dragging a sliding block;
a direction switch, wherein the user displays an import player or an export player in the national view through button switch;
country searching, wherein a user searches for a country of interest through a search bar;
the user selects an intercontinental football league in the map component or a country in the similarity component by clicking or framing the selected intercontinental football league or country to be highlighted in color.
4. The system for cross-country transfer analysis visualization of soccer player of claim 1, wherein the impact view comprises an impact graph that places a bar graph with a timeline to show impact strength over years; the height of the bar graph represents the impact strength calculated by the cross-hysteresis path analysis model.
5. The system for cross-country turn analysis visualization of football players of claim 4, wherein in the detailed influence mode, circles are used to encode the dominant directions of influence between player variables and the national team performance of the cross-country turn, the colors of the circles encode the dominant directions of influence, and the areas encode the differences in the intensities of influence of the two directions.
6. The system for cross-country transfer analysis visualization of soccer player of claim 4, wherein the influence view comprises the following interactions:
merging years, brushing the years in an influence graph by a user, wherein the average value of all the attributes of the brushed years is taken as the attribute of a single time point in the cross hysteresis path analysis model;
adjusting variables, wherein a user adjusts the transnational transfer variables participating in calculation in the cross hysteresis path analysis model by clicking a button at the upper left corner of the influence diagram;
expanding the comparison result, wherein a user clicks a button on the left side of the influence graph to expand the comparison result between different types of influences;
highlighting attributes the user clicks on the bar graph in the influence graph to highlight the bar graph at the same location each year for clear observation.
7. The system for visualizing a national transition analysis for a soccer player according to claim 1, wherein said adjustment view comprises an adjustment portion and a result portion, said adjustment portion comprising a slider corresponding to a selected national transition variable in said influence view, whereby a user adjusts a player variable of a national transition; the results section contains text representing the exact value of the national team performance change.
8. The system for cross country transfer analysis visualization of a soccer player of claim 1, wherein step 2) comprises:
2-1) dragging a sliding bar to select a cross-country transfer time period of the interested player;
2-2) clicking buttons corresponding to four transnational meeting variables to switch the variables of interest;
2-3) clicking buttons corresponding to player input and player output to switch the direction of the player transferring across the country;
2-4) adding the intercontinental football league or country of interest to the influence view by clicking or mouse-over, and removing the already selected country by mouse-over counter-selection.
9. The system for cross country transfer analysis visualization of a soccer player of claim 1, wherein step 3) comprises:
3-1) clicking a cross hysteresis path analysis model selected by a player transnational transfer attribute to calculate an attribute adopted by the influence intensity;
3-2) observing the total influence intensity of the input player and the output player on the national team performance and comparing the result;
3-3) clicking an input player or output player button to check detailed influences and causal relations between the input player or output player and the national team performance;
3-4) clicking on the year tab selection year, and adjusting the selected year in the adjustment view.
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