CN111896539A - High-precision workpiece quality detection equipment and detection method thereof - Google Patents
High-precision workpiece quality detection equipment and detection method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111896539A CN111896539A CN201910372099.0A CN201910372099A CN111896539A CN 111896539 A CN111896539 A CN 111896539A CN 201910372099 A CN201910372099 A CN 201910372099A CN 111896539 A CN111896539 A CN 111896539A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/84—Systems specially adapted for particular applications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
- G01N21/01—Arrangements or apparatus for facilitating the optical investigation
- G01N2021/0106—General arrangement of respective parts
- G01N2021/0112—Apparatus in one mechanical, optical or electronic block
Abstract
The invention relates to high-precision workpiece quality detection equipment, which solves the problems of the prior art and has the technical scheme that: the workpiece shape detection device comprises a mounting table, a scanning table for detecting the shape of a workpiece and a control table for judging the shape of the workpiece, wherein the surface of the mounting table is used for placing the workpiece, the scanning table is arranged on the mounting table and moves along the direction of a transverse shaft of the mounting table, the detection end of the scanning table is aligned to the surface of the mounting table, the workpiece data detected by the scanning table are transmitted to the control table, and a movement control signal of the scanning table is output by the control table.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to a quality detection device, and relates to high-precision workpiece quality detection equipment and a detection method thereof.
Background
The workpiece detection in the application mainly detects the precision of the machined workpiece, the workpiece meeting the requirements is sold and used as a qualified product, the precision requirement is generally determined by a user, the determination mode comprises sample comparison, design manuscript comparison and the like, generally, the workpiece is mainly compared with the design manuscript, common machining precision detection is manual measurement, but in the condition, the detection speed is low, the workpiece cannot be used as each product to be detected once, only extraction inspection can be carried out, and the accuracy and the reliability of the workpiece have large cheating space. The method is mainly characterized in that an image acquisition device is suspended at a high position, an object to be detected is shot by the image acquisition device, then image recognition conversion is carried out, and then the object to be detected is compared with a design manuscript, and finally the processing precision of the object to be detected is determined.
Chinese patent publication No.: 105783723B, publication date: 7, 10.2018, a precision mold surface machining precision detection device based on machine vision is disclosed, which comprises a detection table and a detection system, wherein: the detection platform comprises a workbench for clamping a mold to be detected, a reciprocating mechanism and a linear array CCD camera, wherein the reciprocating mechanism and the linear array CCD camera are arranged on the workbench, the reciprocating mechanism consists of two guide rails which are respectively supported on two sides of the workbench, a cross beam of which two ends are supported on the guide rails and a driving device for driving the cross beam to reciprocate on the guide rails; the linear array CCD camera is suspended on the beam, and the objective lens faces the table top of the workbench; the detection system comprises a vibration detection module, an image acquisition module, a motion control module and an upper computer, wherein: the vibration detection module include vibration sensor, signal amplifier, second order low pass active filter and the singlechip that connects gradually, wherein: the vibration sensor is arranged on the workbench, converts vibration in the workbench into a level signal, and sends the level signal to an upper computer after the level signal is amplified by the signal amplifier, filtered by the second-order low-pass filter and A/D (analog/digital) of the singlechip; the image acquisition module comprises an image acquisition card and the linear array CCD camera, wherein the image acquisition card controls the linear array CCD camera to acquire images of the mold to be detected, which is clamped on the workbench, and the acquired images are uploaded to an upper computer; the motion control module comprises a motion control card, and the motion control card controls the driving device to drive the cross beam to reciprocate on the guide rail after receiving the instruction of the host computer; the upper computer continuously scans a port connected with the single chip microcomputer, and when the workbench does not vibrate, the upper computer simultaneously sends an instruction for controlling the driving device to reciprocate to the motion control module and sends an instruction for acquiring the image of the mold to be detected to the image acquisition card; then, the upper computer processes and identifies the acquired image and calculates the surface machining precision of the to-be-detected mold; the driving device comprises a driving motor and a synchronous belt transmission mechanism, wherein the driving motor is connected with the motion control card, a main shaft of the driving motor is connected with a driving belt wheel in the synchronous belt transmission mechanism, and a synchronous belt in the synchronous belt transmission mechanism is fixedly connected with the cross beam. The reciprocating mechanism, the linear array CCD camera, the vibration detection module, the image acquisition module, the motion control module, the driving motor, the synchronous belt transmission mechanism, the upper computer and the like are conventional technical means in the field, the application of the device has certain universality in the field, however, the image acquisition module is suspended on a beam, namely, the support of various adjustment algorithms is needed in the image acquisition process, the calculated amount of the device is quite large, the calculation process is slow, the problem of parameter setting error is easy to occur, and under the condition, the condition that the precision detection error is higher than the expectation is easy to occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention solves the problems that in the prior art, support of various adjustment algorithms is needed in the image acquisition process, the calculated amount is quite large, the calculation process is slow, and parameter setting errors are easy to occur, and under the condition, the problem that the precision detection error is higher than expected easily occurs, and provides the high-precision workpiece quality detection equipment and the detection method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a high accuracy work piece quality detection equipment, includes a mount table, detects the scanning platform of work piece shape and a control cabinet that judges the work piece shape, the surface of mount table is used for settling the work piece, the scanning platform sets up and carries out the motion on the mount table and along the cross axis direction of mount table, the surface of mount table is aimed at to the sense terminal of scanning platform, the work piece data transmission that the scanning platform detected extremely the control cabinet, the removal control signal of scanning platform is exported by the control cabinet. The invention adopts the method that the scanning platform is directly arranged on the mounting platform, so that the error problem caused by high suspension is directly reduced, meanwhile, the invention carries out the transverse axis movement and the longitudinal axis movement on the basis of the mounting platform, namely, the detection can be completely and accurately finished when the mounting platform moves and inclines, and the problems that the environment requirement of the prior art is quite high, and the measurement accuracy is finally influenced and the measurement accuracy is reduced because the mutual matching easily has errors are solved.
Preferably, the device further comprises a checking plate for checking, the checking plate is matched with the table top of the mounting table, and at least one checking hole is formed in the checking plate. The check plate is provided with at least one check hole, a plurality of check holes or check hole arrays with different shapes are recommended to be provided, so that the accuracy to be checked after graph conversion can be detected more accurately and the adjustment parameters can be better realized, therefore, the check plate in the application needs to be well stored, or firstly manually checked before computer check is executed, a complete and accurate check plate is obtained after the check work is completed, comparison is formed between field image display and design manuscript of the check plate, adjustment parameters are obtained, final check is completed through the setting of the adjustment parameters, warning information can be output when the difference between the check plate and the actual is large, and a user is reminded to maintain or overhaul the equipment, the calibration plate is required to calibrate the accuracy of the device.
Preferably, the scanning platform is driven by a built-in first servo driving device and moves along the direction of a transverse shaft of the mounting platform, and the image acquisition equipment is driven by a built-in second servo driving device of the scanning platform and moves along the direction of a longitudinal shaft of the mounting platform in the scanning platform. As described above, the servo drive itself belongs to the prior art, and the difference lies in that, in this application, the scanning stage utilizes the servo system to move under the condition that the mounting table is used as the carrier and the coordinate axis, and the coordinate axis and the piece to be measured all depend on the mounting table, and interference factors are less, can realize comparatively accurate measurement.
Preferably, the first servo driving device and the second servo driving device respectively comprise a frequency converter for receiving control signals, a transmission assembly, a driving motor, a circuit breaker, an anti-surge protector, an anti-noise device, a current contactor, a reactor group and a fuse, the digital input/output interface and the communication interface of the frequency converter are both connected with the console, the driving motor is connected with the motor driving interface of the frequency converter, the driving motor is provided with an encoder, the encoder is connected with the encoding input port of the frequency converter, the motor input interface of the frequency converter is connected with the output end of the noise-proof device through the fuse, the reactor group and the current contactor in sequence, the input end of the noise-proof device is connected with the driving power supply through the breaker, the input end of the anti-noise device is grounded through the anti-surge protector, and the power end of the frequency converter is connected with the driving power supply; the second servo driving device also comprises a cut-off resistor, the cut-off resistor is connected with a frequency converter in the second servo driving device, and an output shaft of the driving motor drives the scanning table or the image acquisition equipment to act through a transmission assembly. The invention is provided with a plurality of anti-noise devices, reactance devices and the like, plays a role in reducing working errors, and can keep the working state as stable as possible so as to obtain accurate detection data.
Preferably, the console comprises a control computer, an image acquisition device connector, a display screen and an interaction device, the control computer is in communication connection with the first servo driving device and the second servo driving device through serial communication equipment, and the computer also receives coding signals of the first servo driving device and the second servo driving device through a coder receiving card;
the display screen is arranged on the front face of the console, the display screen and the interactive device are connected with the control computer, the control computer is arranged in the console, the middle of the console is provided with a pull-out workbench, the interactive device is arranged on the pull-out workbench, and the control computer is connected with the image acquisition device through the image acquisition device connector. In the application, a control computer is used as a control device and is structurally independent of a scanning table and a mounting table for detection, so that a plurality of elements in the control table are isolated from the mounting table in a physical space, and the situation that the two parts have vibration interference is reduced.
Preferably, the scanning platform is also internally provided with a height sensor, and the height sensor is in communication connection with the console in a serial port mode. The height sensor is arranged to facilitate height measurement of the convex part of the workpiece by introducing the shooting height data in the application. The method has the advantages that the method plays a great role in adjusting parameters after the calibration before the initial shooting, more importantly, the method can be used for detecting and resisting the problem of shooting errors caused by different heights due to slight errors between the shooting position and the workpiece, the method is not embodied in the prior art, and the technical bias that the prior art only pays attention to the motion accuracy of the transverse axis and the longitudinal axis and neglects the vertical shooting height errors is overcome.
Preferably, a plurality of backlight sources are further arranged in the mounting table, the backlight sources are aligned to the surface of the mounting table at the rear part of the shielding glass, light which is diffusely reflected by the opaque glass is used for identifying the outline of the workpiece, and the backlight sources are connected with the lighting power supply through the light modulator. Illumination and light intensity compensation can make the work piece of shooting more clear, and the resolution is simpler for more convenient and fast that the characteristic drawed.
Preferably, the input signal of the dimmer is synchronized or correlated with the code signal of the second servo drive. The input signal of the dimmer is synchronous or related to the coding signal of the second servo driving device, so that the illumination intensity of the workpiece shot by the image acquisition equipment moving on the longitudinal axis in the moving process is kept within a certain range, and the formed image requires less computing resources in the processing process.
Preferably, a plurality of longitudinal axis limit switches for protecting the moving position of the image acquisition device are arranged in the scanning table, the longitudinal axis limit switches are all connected with the frequency converter in the second driving device, a plurality of transverse axis limit switches for protecting the moving position of the scanning table are arranged on the mounting table, and the transverse axis limit switches are connected with the frequency converter in the first driving device. The arrangement belongs to motion protection, and can protect the motion of the image acquisition equipment and the scanning table.
A workpiece quality detection method is suitable for the high-precision workpiece quality detection equipment, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after the equipment is wholly initialized, a standard part for checking is placed on the surface of the mounting table for scanning;
step two: the control console completes the adjustment of the setting parameters according to the scanning data of the standard component;
step three: taking down the standard part, placing the workpiece to be measured on the surface of the mounting table, and scanning by the scanning table;
step four: after the image recognition and the image splicing are completed by the console, the setting parameters are adjusted to form detection data, and the detection data is compared with the standard data to complete the judgment of the quality of the workpiece.
Preferably, the adjustment of the setting parameters in the second step is formed by a comparison between the photographing parameters of each of the post-movement photographed pictures, the post-photographing image recognition result, and the design document.
Preferably, the standard data is obtained by directly acquiring design documents or performing conversion calculation.
Preferably, the comparing the detection data with the standard data is obtained by,
firstly, extracting height information in a design manuscript, performing binarization processing on a height difference, forming a standard height matrix according to a position in the design manuscript, performing binarization processing on a plane graph of the design manuscript to obtain a standard binary matrix, and acquiring an image of a workpiece by image acquisition equipment;
secondly, the console performs noise reduction processing on the acquired workpiece image through an image noise reduction algorithm, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the image can be effectively improved after the noise reduction processing, so that the shape of the workpiece can be acquired;
thirdly, the workpiece subimage extraction module converts the image after noise reduction treatment into a binary image through OTSU threshold segmentation,
and fourthly, performing matrixing processing on the height information acquired by the height sensor according to the position information in the image binary matrix to obtain an image height value matrix, comparing the image height value matrix with the standard height matrix, storing and marking the position information with the error larger than the set value, simultaneously comparing the image binary matrix with the standard binary matrix, and storing and marking the position information with the error larger than the set value.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the error at the position where the position information is obtained is manually determined, and if the current position meets the requirement, the error at the current position is recorded as a correction value or the current position is set as a non-detection position, and the correction value at the current position and the standard value of the design document form a correction value function:
t＝(tq+tk)tu/tk
wherein tq is a correction value at the current position, tk is a standard value of the design document, tu is actual measurement data detected for the workpiece to be detected, and t is the corrected detection data of the workpiece to be detected.
Preferably, the OTSU thresholding comprises the steps of:
a. selecting an initial threshold value0＝{Tk|k＝0}，
b. The images are segmented C, C' into two groups using a threshold,
C＝{f(x,y)|0<f(x,y)<Tk},
C'＝{f(x,y)|f(x,y)≥Tk}；
c. the mean value of the gray levels of the region C, C' is calculated,
d. selecting a new threshold Tk+1,
e. If T isk+1＝TkIf not, turning to the step b, if k is k + 1;
f. using a threshold value TkThe image can be divided into two parts C0、C0',
C0＝{f(x,y)|0<f(x,y)<Tk},
C0'＝{f(x,y)|f(x,y)≥Tk}；
To C0Calculating the areas from the step a to the step e, wherein the initial conditions are as follows: hmax＝Tk，HminCalculating to obtain T for the minimum gray value of the image0＝Tk；
g. Using a threshold value T0Dividing the image into two portions C1、C1'
C1＝{f(x,y)|0<f(x,y)<Tk}，
C1'＝{f(x,y)|f(x,y)≥Tk}；
For region C1' performing the calculation of step a to step e, initial conditions: hmaxIs the maximum gray value of the image, Hmin＝TkCalculating to obtain T1＝Tk；
h. Using a threshold value T1And (4) dividing the image, and converting the original image into an image binary matrix.
Preferably, in the fourth step, if an error point larger than the set value occurs in the m × n region, the operation of the correction detection is confirmed manually, and if it is determined that the correction detection is executed, the following steps are executed:
a first correction detection step: selecting an original scanning image in a region of a target m multiplied by n to carry out discrete Fourier transform,
wherein f (x, y) is a pixel value of a picture (x, y) position within the region of m x n,
f (u, v) is the frequency domain value of the picture in the region of m x n,
and a second correction detection step: filtering discontinuous high-frequency values in F (u, v),
a third correction detection step: and (5) performing inverse discrete Fourier transform on the P (u, v), and re-executing the step three by using the numerical value obtained by the inverse discrete Fourier transform.
The substantial effects of the invention are as follows: the invention adopts the method that the scanning platform is directly arranged on the mounting platform, so that the error problem caused by high suspension is directly reduced, meanwhile, the transverse axis movement and the longitudinal axis movement are both carried out on the basis of the mounting platform, namely, the detection can be completely and accurately finished when the mounting platform vibrates and inclines, and the problems that the environmental requirement of the prior art is quite high, and the measurement accuracy is finally influenced and the measurement accuracy is reduced because the mutual matching easily has errors are solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a front view of an overall construction of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a scanning stage according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the mounting table of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic of the overall power supply of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a circuit connection for a limit switch of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a circuit connection of the frequency converter of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an electrical connection for the height sensor of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the electrical connections of the console of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an electrical connection for a backlight of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the workpiece quality inspection mount of the present invention showing the shock absorbing bumper attachment;
FIG. 12 is a schematic front view of a portion of the shock absorbing bumper attachment of the workpiece quality inspection mount of the present invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a portion of the rear side of the shock absorbing bumper attachment of the workpiece quality inspection mount of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. the device comprises a console, 2, a mounting plate, 3, a support, 4, a scanning table, 5, image acquisition equipment, 6, a height sensor, 7, a connecting groove on a lamp box, 8, a connecting groove behind the lamp box, 9, a routing weight reduction through hole, 21, an outer sleeve, 22, a rubber buffer fixing part, 23, a connecting pipe, 24 and a top plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further specifically described below by way of specific examples.
Example (b):
a high-precision workpiece quality detection device (see attached figures 1 to 13) comprises a mounting table, a scanning table 4 for detecting the shape of a workpiece and a control table 1 for judging the shape of the workpiece, wherein the surface of the mounting table is used for placing the workpiece, the scanning table is arranged on the mounting table and moves along the transverse axis direction of the mounting table, the detection end of the scanning table is aligned with the surface of the mounting table, the workpiece data detected by the scanning table is transmitted to the control table, and the movement control signal of the scanning table is output by the control table. Still including a check-up board of check-up usefulness, the check-up board with the mesa phase-match of mount table, at least, seted up a check-up hole on the check-up board, in this embodiment, set up 3184 check-up holes of array. The mount table includes two supports, a mounting panel 2 that is used for installing electrical equipment, the surface covering of mounting panel has the cover mesa that plays level supporting role, the surface that covers the mesa is used for settling the work piece, the both sides of mounting panel respectively with support 3 can dismantle the connection, the angle that covers the relative horizontal plane of mesa is adjusted through the mode of dismantling the connection, there is the clearance between the bottom of mounting panel and the ground, the inboard of support is provided with initial switch and the compulsory parking switch that resets respectively. The two supports are arranged at two sides of the mounting plate and connected with each other through a cross rod, the rear lower part of the mounting plate is abutted against the fixed cross rod through a plurality of rubber columns, the supports are connected with the mounting plate through a workpiece quality detection mounting table shockproof buffer connecting piece, the mounting plate comprises four-side frames and a bottom plate, the mounting plate is integrally box-shaped, shielding glass covers the front surface of the mounting plate, a lamp box is accommodated in the mounting plate, a backlight source in the lamp box is aligned to the shielding glass on the front surface of the mounting plate, the four-side frames are fixed with the bottom plate through adhesive bonding, a lamp box rear connecting groove 8 is arranged on the bottom plate, an upper connecting groove 7 is arranged at the upper frame of the mounting plate, a connecting piece at the upper part of the lamp box is connected with the top of a scanning table in high, the connecting piece at the rear part of the lamp box is connected with the driving part of the driving scanning table through the rear connecting groove of the lamp box. And a plurality of routing weight-reducing through holes 9 for reducing the weight and accommodating the routing are formed in the bottom plate of the mounting plate. The scanning table is internally provided with an image acquisition device 5, the image acquisition device moves in the scanning table along the longitudinal axis direction of the mounting table, and the image acquisition device is in communication connection with the control table. The scanning platform is driven by a built-in first servo driving device and moves along the direction of a transverse shaft of the mounting platform, and the image acquisition equipment is driven by a built-in second servo driving device of the scanning platform and moves along the direction of a longitudinal shaft of the mounting platform in the scanning platform. The first servo driving device and the second servo driving device respectively comprise a frequency converter, a transmission assembly, a driving motor, a circuit breaker, an anti-surge protector, an anti-noise device, a current contactor, a reactor group and a fuse, wherein the frequency converter is used for receiving control signals; the second servo driving device also comprises a cut-off resistor, the cut-off resistor is connected with a frequency converter in the second servo driving device, and an output shaft of the driving motor drives the scanning table or the image acquisition equipment to act through a transmission assembly. The scanning table comprises a top mounting part and a collecting mounting part, wherein the top mounting part and the collecting mounting part are mutually connected to form a 7-shaped or n-shaped integral structure, the top mounting part is parallel to the top surface of the mounting table, a cross shaft rail is arranged at the top of the mounting table, a first servo driving device is mounted in the top mounting part, a first driving part is arranged on a slide rail of the top mounting part corresponding to the top of the mounting table, the first driving part is connected with the cross shaft rail, and the first driving part is driven by the first servo driving device; gather the unsettled and be on a parallel with of installation department the front of mount table, gather the installation department and be provided with a spout as the axis of ordinates track along the axis of ordinates direction of mount table, image acquisition equipment installs on the image acquisition mount table, still install on the image acquisition mount table one with axis of ordinates track assorted second driving piece and second servo drive arrangement, the second driving piece is driven by second servo drive arrangement. The first driving piece can be selected from a synchronous belt transmission mechanism, a driving device with a guide wheel or a transmission gear set; the second driving piece can be a synchronous belt transmission mechanism, a driving device with a guide wheel or a transmission gear set. The final choice of this embodiment is the form of a synchronous belt drive mechanism to achieve the driving action. The implementation forms thereof are different, and any implementation form can be selected and is within the protection scope of the present application.
The control console comprises a control computer, an image acquisition device connector, a display screen and interaction equipment, the control computer is in communication connection with the first servo driving device and the second servo driving device through serial communication equipment, a photoelectric coding disc is adopted to acquire stroke data of the servo motor in the action process of the servo motor, and the acquired data is received by the computer through a coder receiving card, so that the computer further controls the first servo driving device and the second servo driving device according to coding signals of the first servo driving device and the second servo driving device; the display screen is arranged on the front face of the console, the display screen and the interactive device are connected with the control computer, the control computer is arranged in the console, the middle of the console is provided with a pull-out workbench, the interactive device is arranged on the pull-out workbench, and the control computer is connected with the image acquisition device through the image acquisition device connector. The scanning table is also internally provided with a height sensor 6 which is in communication connection with the console in a serial port mode, namely, the height sensor is directly connected with a computer for control in a serial port mode, and the connected data is directly processed by the computer. The mounting table is internally provided with a plurality of backlight sources, the backlight sources are aligned to the surface of the mounting table at the rear part of the shielding glass, the diffuse reflection light generated by the opaque glass is used for identifying the outline of the workpiece, and the backlight sources are connected with the lighting power supply through the light modulator.
The scanning device is characterized in that a plurality of longitudinal axis limit switches used for protecting the moving position of the image acquisition equipment are arranged in the scanning table, the longitudinal axis limit switches are connected with a frequency converter in the second driving device, a plurality of transverse axis limit switches used for protecting the moving position of the scanning table are arranged on the mounting table, and the transverse axis limit switches are connected with the frequency converter in the first driving device. The horizontal-axis limit switch is a normally open contact switch, and is connected with a digital signal input port of the frequency converter, namely one end of an X1 port of the frequency converter in a manner of connecting a digital power supply, and the frequency converter controls an output signal of the frequency converter by reading data change of the X1 port. The frequency converter in this embodiment is a kinco CD422 frequency converter.
The shockproof buffer connecting piece of the workpiece quality detection mounting table comprises a main hanging frame, a top plate 24 and a limiting plate, wherein the main hanging frame comprises a conical connecting pipe 23, an outer sleeve 21 and a rubber buffer fixing piece 22, the outer sleeve is in a frustum shape, a connecting flange is arranged at the bottom of the outer sleeve, a mounting hole is formed in the middle of the outer sleeve, a plurality of connecting holes are formed in the connecting flange, a bolt for connecting the flange is connected with a panel on the side of the support opposite to the mounting plate through the connecting hole, a circular through hole is formed in the support, the circular through hole is sleeved outside the connecting pipe, the connecting pipe and the mounting hole in the outer sleeve of the conical table are coaxially mounted, a gap between the connecting pipe and the outer sleeve of the conical table is filled by the rubber buffer fixing piece in an injection molding manner, the limiting plate comprises a limiting boss arranged at, the center of the limiting boss is provided with a bolt connecting hole for connecting a bolt, the center of the top plate is also provided with a bolt connecting hole for connecting a bolt, the top plate is abutted against the top of the outer sleeve, a lateral through hole is formed in the panel of the mounting plate, which corresponds to the opposite side of the bracket, and the bolt is connected with the top plate through the lateral through hole, the limiting plate and the connecting pipe in the panel of the mounting plate in sequence; the rubber buffering fixing piece protrudes towards the back of the flanging at the bottom of the outer sleeve to form a frustum shape. The gasket, the limiting plate, the connecting pipe and the outer sleeve are all metal pieces, the gasket and the limiting plate are integrally circular, and the gasket, the limiting plate, the connecting pipe and the outer sleeve are coaxially arranged.
The mode of strong glue bonding is adopted, the large stress in a large frame structure is eliminated, the mode of rubber buffering is adopted, and on the basis that the support and the mounting table are connected through the bolt in the prior art, the rubber buffering fixing piece is arranged between the support and the mounting table, the rubber buffering fixing piece plays an absorbing role in on-site vibration, and the service life of the mounting table is greatly prolonged. The use of the lamp box enables the illumination of the equipment to have better effect, and the conditions such as glare and the like can not occur.
The computer in the embodiment adopts a household computer, and the power supply part in the embodiment adopts a self-contained transformer to carry out voltage transformation power supply. The opaque glass in this embodiment is not glass that completely blocks all light, but glass that generates a large amount of diffuse reflection to make the optical fiber pass through to form uniform illumination, and is also generally called ground glass or ground glass.
A workpiece quality detection method is suitable for the high-precision workpiece quality detection equipment, and comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: after the equipment is wholly initialized, a standard part for checking is placed on the surface of the mounting table for scanning;
step two: the control console completes the adjustment of the setting parameters according to the scanning data of the standard component;
step three: taking down the standard part, placing the workpiece to be measured on the surface of the mounting table, and scanning by the scanning table;
step four: after the image recognition and the image splicing are completed by the console, the setting parameters are adjusted to form detection data, and the detection data is compared with the standard data to complete the judgment of the quality of the workpiece.
And adjusting the set parameters in the second step is formed by comparing the shooting parameters of each shot picture after moving, the shot image recognition result and the design manuscript.
The standard data is obtained by directly obtaining design files or converting and calculating. The design manuscript is a CAD drawing, the detection data is converted into CAD data under the same coordinate axis for comparison, an error value after comparison is given to an error exceeding a threshold value, and the point of the error value is marked, wherein the threshold value can be manually set.
The comparison of the detection data with the standard data is obtained by,
firstly, extracting height information in a design manuscript, performing binarization processing on a height difference, forming a standard height matrix according to a position in the design manuscript, performing binarization processing on a plane graph of the design manuscript to obtain a standard binary matrix, and acquiring an image of a workpiece by image acquisition equipment;
secondly, the console performs noise reduction processing on the acquired workpiece image through an image noise reduction algorithm, and the signal-to-noise ratio of the image can be effectively improved after the noise reduction processing, so that the shape of the workpiece can be acquired;
thirdly, the workpiece subimage extraction module converts the image after noise reduction treatment into a binary image through OTSU threshold segmentation,
and fourthly, performing matrixing processing on the height information acquired by the height sensor according to the position information in the image binary matrix to obtain an image height value matrix, comparing the image height value matrix with the standard height matrix, storing and marking the position information with the error larger than the set value, simultaneously comparing the image binary matrix with the standard binary matrix, and storing and marking the position information with the error larger than the set value.
Preferably, in the fourth step, the error at the position where the position information is obtained is manually determined, and if the current position meets the requirement, the error at the current position is recorded as a correction value or the current position is set as a non-detection position, and the correction value at the current position and the standard value of the design document form a correction value function:
t＝(tq+tk)tu/tk
wherein tq is a correction value at the current position, tk is a standard value of the design document, tu is actual measurement data detected for the workpiece to be detected, and t is the corrected detection data of the workpiece to be detected.
Preferably, the OTSU thresholding comprises the steps of:
a. selecting an initial threshold value0＝{Tk|k＝0}，
b. The images are segmented C, C' into two groups using a threshold,
C＝{f(x,y)|0<f(x,y)<Tk},
C'＝{f(x,y)|f(x,y)≥Tk}；
c. the mean value of the gray levels of the region C, C' is calculated,
d. selecting a new threshold Tk+1,
e. If T isk+1＝TkIf not, turning to the step b, if k is k + 1;
f. using a threshold value TkThe image can be divided into two parts C0、C0',
C0＝{f(x,y)|0<f(x,y)<Tk},
C0'＝{f(x,y)|f(x,y)≥Tk}；
To C0Calculating the areas from the step a to the step e, wherein the initial conditions are as follows: hmax＝Tk，HminCalculating to obtain T for the minimum gray value of the image0＝Tk；
g. Using a threshold value T0Dividing the image into two portions C1、C1'
C1＝{f(x,y)|0<f(x,y)<Tk}，
C1'＝{f(x,y)|f(x,y)≥Tk}；
For region C1' performing the calculation of step a to step e, initial conditions: hmaxIs the maximum gray value of the image, Hmin＝TkCalculating to obtain T1＝Tk；
h. Using a threshold value T1Dividing the image, and converting the original image into an image binary matrix;
in the fourth step, if an error point larger than the set value exists in the m × n area, the operation of correction detection is confirmed manually, and if the correction detection is determined to be executed, the following steps are executed:
a first correction detection step: selecting an original scanning image in a region of a target m multiplied by n to carry out discrete Fourier transform,
wherein f (x, y) is a pixel value of a picture (x, y) position within the region of m x n,
f (u, v) is the frequency domain value of the picture in the region of m x n,
and a second correction detection step: filtering discontinuous high-frequency values in F (u, v),
a third correction detection step: and F (u, v) is subjected to inverse discrete Fourier transform, and the third step is executed again by the numerical value obtained by the inverse discrete Fourier transform.
In this embodiment, the image denoising algorithm may be selected from:
decomposing the image into blocks with the size of m multiplied by n and overlapped with each other, establishing a side-preserving function for the image, and dividing pixels S in the filtered image blocks into two types: one is an integration N composed of noisy pixel points; the other is a set Nc of noise-free pixels.
For the pixel u of the noisy pixel set N in the image blocki,jAnd other pixels u in the blockk,lEstablishing a boundary protection function of the pixel point:
the edge preserving function for all noisy pixels in the image block is as follows:
In the embodiment, the method that the scanning table is directly installed on the installation table is adopted, so that the error problem caused by high suspension is directly reduced, meanwhile, the transverse axis movement and the longitudinal axis movement are both carried out based on the installation table, namely, the detection can be completely and accurately finished when the installation table is vibrated and inclined, and the problems that the environment requirement is quite high and the measurement accuracy is finally influenced and the measurement accuracy is reduced due to the fact that the measurement is easily influenced due to the fact that the measurement is easy to be carried out due to mutual matching in the prior art are solved.
Example 2:
the embodiment is basically the same as embodiment 1, except that the backlight source can be distributed in the scanning device in parallel along the longitudinal axis of the mounting table for illumination and light supplement, so that a shot workpiece can be clearer, the resolution is simpler, and the method is more convenient and faster for feature extraction. The input signal of the dimmer is synchronized or correlated with the coded signal of the second servo drive. The input signal of the dimmer is synchronous or related to the coding signal of the second servo driving device, so that the illumination intensity of the workpiece shot by the image acquisition equipment moving on the longitudinal axis in the moving process is kept within a certain range, and the formed image requires less computing resources in the processing process. The backlight source can also be installed at the image acquisition device in a follow-up mode, and the arrangement removes the difficulty of light source change, but has certain influence on the volume of the scanning table, which is an alternative.
The above-described embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way, and other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a high accuracy work piece quality testing equipment which characterized in that: the workpiece shape detection device comprises a mounting table, a scanning table for detecting the shape of a workpiece and a control table for judging the shape of the workpiece, wherein the surface of the mounting table is used for placing the workpiece, the scanning table is arranged on the mounting table and moves along the direction of a transverse shaft of the mounting table, the detection end of the scanning table is aligned to the surface of the mounting table, the workpiece data detected by the scanning table are transmitted to the control table, and a movement control signal of the scanning table is output by the control table.
2. The high-precision workpiece quality inspection apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the checking plate is matched with the table surface of the mounting table, and at least one checking hole is formed in the checking plate.
3. The high-precision workpiece quality inspection apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: the scanning table is internally provided with an image acquisition device, the image acquisition device moves in the scanning table along the longitudinal axis direction of the mounting table, and the image acquisition device is in communication connection with the control table.
4. The high-precision workpiece quality inspection apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that: the scanning platform is driven by a built-in first servo driving device and moves along the direction of a transverse shaft of the mounting platform, and the image acquisition equipment is driven by a built-in second servo driving device of the scanning platform and moves along the direction of a longitudinal shaft of the mounting platform in the scanning platform.
5. The high-precision workpiece quality inspection apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: the first servo driving device and the second servo driving device respectively comprise a frequency converter, a transmission assembly, a driving motor, a circuit breaker, an anti-surge protector, an anti-noise device, a current contactor, a reactor group and a fuse, wherein the frequency converter is used for receiving control signals; the second servo driving device also comprises a cut-off resistor, the cut-off resistor is connected with a frequency converter in the second servo driving device, and an output shaft of the driving motor drives the scanning table or the image acquisition equipment to act through a transmission assembly.
6. The high-precision workpiece quality inspection apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: the control console comprises a control computer, an image acquisition equipment connector, a display screen and interactive equipment, wherein the control computer is in communication connection with the first servo driving device and the second servo driving device through serial communication equipment, and receives coding signals of the first servo driving device and the second servo driving device through a coder receiving card;
the display screen is arranged on the front face of the console, the display screen and the interactive device are connected with the control computer, the control computer is arranged in the console, the middle of the console is provided with a pull-out workbench, the interactive device is arranged on the pull-out workbench, and the control computer is connected with the image acquisition device through the image acquisition device connector.
7. The high-precision workpiece quality inspection apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: and the scanning platform is also internally provided with a height sensor which is in communication connection with the console in a serial port mode.
8. The high-precision workpiece quality inspection apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that: the mounting table is internally provided with a plurality of backlight sources, the backlight sources are aligned to the surface of the mounting table at the rear part of the shielding glass, the diffuse reflection light generated by the opaque glass is used for identifying the outline of the workpiece, and the backlight sources are connected with the lighting power supply through the light modulator.
9. The high-precision workpiece quality inspection apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: the scanning device is characterized in that a plurality of longitudinal axis limit switches used for protecting the moving position of the image acquisition equipment are arranged in the scanning table, the longitudinal axis limit switches are connected with a frequency converter in the second driving device, a plurality of transverse axis limit switches used for protecting the moving position of the scanning table are arranged on the mounting table, and the transverse axis limit switches are connected with the frequency converter in the first driving device.
10. A workpiece quality inspection method applied to the high-precision workpiece quality inspection apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by comprising the steps of:
the method comprises the following steps: after the equipment is wholly initialized, a standard part for checking is placed on the surface of the mounting table for scanning;
step two: the control console completes the adjustment of the setting parameters according to the scanning data of the standard component;
step three: taking down the standard part, placing the workpiece to be measured on the surface of the mounting table, and scanning by the scanning table;
step four: after the image recognition and the image splicing are completed by the console, the setting parameters are adjusted to form detection data, and the detection data is compared with the standard data to complete the judgment of the quality of the workpiece.
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