CN111895067B - End-toothed disc and machining method - Google Patents

End-toothed disc and machining method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111895067B
CN111895067B CN202010741886.0A CN202010741886A CN111895067B CN 111895067 B CN111895067 B CN 111895067B CN 202010741886 A CN202010741886 A CN 202010741886A CN 111895067 B CN111895067 B CN 111895067B
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Prior art keywords
tooth
toothed disc
gear teeth
gear
disc
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CN111895067A (en
Inventor
王志永
余文豪
张宇欣
张宇
于水琴
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Central South University of Forestry and Technology
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Central South University of Forestry and Technology
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/08—Profiling
    • F16H55/0826—Novikov-Wildhaber profile
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F9/00—Making gears having teeth curved in their longitudinal direction
    • B23F9/08—Making gears having teeth curved in their longitudinal direction by milling, e.g. with helicoidal hob
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
    • B23F9/00—Making gears having teeth curved in their longitudinal direction
    • B23F9/08—Making gears having teeth curved in their longitudinal direction by milling, e.g. with helicoidal hob
    • B23F9/082—Making gears having teeth curved in their longitudinal direction by milling, e.g. with helicoidal hob with a hob
    • B23F9/084—Making gears having teeth curved in their longitudinal direction by milling, e.g. with helicoidal hob with a hob the hob being tapered
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
    • F16D1/00—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements
    • F16D1/02—Couplings for rigidly connecting two coaxial shafts or other movable machine elements for connecting two abutting shafts or the like
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/17—Toothed wheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/17—Toothed wheels
    • F16H2055/173—Crown gears, i.e. gears have axially arranged teeth

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Gear Processing (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an end-toothed disc and a machining method, belonging to the technical field of mechanical transmission and consisting of two half end-toothed discs which are meshed with each other; each half end tooth disc consists of a tooth disc and gear teeth; on a plane vertical to the central axis of the half end-toothed disc, the gear teeth are uniformly distributed on the toothed disc along the circumference; the tooth length direction of the gear teeth is an extended epicycloid; the tooth thickness of the gear teeth is gradually reduced from the outer wall to the inner wall; the gear teeth distribution directions of the two half end tooth discs are arranged in a mirror image mode. The tooth trace of the gear tooth is an extended epicycloid, the tooth height is kept unchanged from the outer wall to the inner wall, the end-toothed disc has a compact structure and a function of automatic centering, the end-toothed disc is machined by a taper milling cutter, a special machine tool and a special cutter are not needed, the machining method is simple, the machining cost is low, and the machining efficiency is high.

Description

End-toothed disc and machining method
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of mechanical transmission, and particularly relates to an end-toothed disc and a machining method.
Background
The end-toothed disc is also called coupling, and can make the driving shaft and driven shaft in different mechanisms firmly connected together and rotated together, and can be used as mechanical component for transferring movement and torque. Generally, the end-toothed disc is composed of two half parts which are respectively connected with a driving shaft and a driven shaft, and the two half end-toothed discs are connected in a certain mode.
The end-toothed disc is one of the existing common couplers, the existing cycloid tooth end-toothed disc adopts a structure of contracting teeth, the tooth height gradually contracts from the outer wall to the inner wall, an end face disc-shaped milling cutter disc shown in figure 8 needs to be used on a special machine tool for processing, the end-toothed disc consists of an outer cutter disc body 9 and an inner cutter disc body 10, the structure is complex, the problem of cutter disc interference is avoided by changing the root angle of teeth of the teeth of a gear, the processing is complex, and the processing cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at the problems and provides an end-toothed disc and a processing method thereof, wherein the tooth trace of the gear teeth is an extended epicycloid, the tooth height is kept unchanged from the outer wall to the inner wall, the end-toothed disc has a compact structure and an automatic centering function, the end-toothed disc is processed by adopting a taper milling cutter, a special machine tool and a special cutter are not needed, the processing method is simple, the processing cost is low, and the processing efficiency is high.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
an end-toothed disc is formed by mutually meshing two half end-toothed discs; each half end tooth disc consists of a tooth disc and gear teeth; on a plane vertical to the central axis of the half end-toothed disc, the gear teeth are uniformly distributed on the toothed disc along the circumference; the tooth length direction of the gear teeth is an extended epicycloid; the tooth thickness of the gear teeth is gradually reduced from the outer wall to the inner wall; the gear teeth distribution directions of the two half end tooth discs are arranged in a mirror image mode.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution: the two half-end-toothed discs are connected to each other by means of a through-bolt or a clamping device.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution: the midpoints of the tooth width pitch lines of the two half-toothed intermeshing plates have the same helix angle and pressure angle.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution: the tooth height of the gear teeth is unchanged from the outer wall to the inner wall.
As a further improvement of the above technical solution: the tooth profile curve of the semi-end toothed disc in the tooth height direction is an arc, and the radius of curvature of the arcRAccording to the ratio of the height of the contact zone in the tooth height direction to the full tooth height
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
To determine, i.e.:
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
wherein:
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
the tooth depth is the full tooth height,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
is the pressure angle.
An end-toothed disc machining method is applied to the end-toothed disc machining of any one of the end-toothed discs; it comprises the following steps:
(1) clamping and fixing the workpiece blank in a processing center;
(2) setting a tool machining path according to a gear tooth trace equation and tool parameters, and enabling the tool machining path to be on a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the workpiece, wherein the convex surface or the concave surface of the gear tooth of the ideal end-toothed disc is taken as a reference;
(3) enabling a cutting edge of the cutter to move along a tooth trace of the convex surface or the concave surface, and processing the convex surface or the concave surface of a gear tooth on a workpiece blank;
(4) the cutting edge of the cutter moves along the tooth trace of the concave surface or the convex surface of the adjacent gear tooth in the opposite direction to mill the concave surface or the convex surface of the adjacent gear tooth, so that a tooth groove is machined;
(5) after a tooth groove is machined, the workpiece blank rotates for a certain angle, and a second tooth groove is machined by adopting the same method;
(6) and (5) circulating the steps (3) to (5), and processing to obtain the end tooth disc with a certain number of teeth.
As a further improvement of the machining method, the cutter is a taper milling cutter, and the shape of a generatrix of a revolution surface formed by rotating a cutting edge around the axis of the cutter is the same as the shape of a normal tooth profile of the gear tooth.
As a further improvement of the processing method, the tooth trace equation of the convex surface of the gear tooth is as follows:
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
wherein:
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
the distance from the center of a moving circle of the epicycloid to the center of a base circle fixedly connected with the crown wheel is extended to form a convex surface;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
the angle of rotation of the moving circle around the center of the moving circle for forming the extended epicycloid;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
extending an epicycloid forming radius for the convex surface of the gear teeth;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
the convex surface direction angle of the gear teeth (the included angle between the normal of the pitch line midpoint in the tooth width direction and the connecting line of the pitch line midpoint and the circle center of the movable circle);
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
is the base radius of the crown wheel;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
the crown wheel reference point cone distance;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
is the midpoint helix angle of the tooth width pitch line of the end-toothed disc.
The tooth trace equation of the concave surface of the gear tooth is as follows:
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
wherein:
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
the distance from the center of a movable circle of the epicycloid to the center of a base circle fixedly connected with the crown wheel is extended for forming a concave surface;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
extending an epicycloid forming radius for the concave surface of the gear teeth;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
the concave angle of the gear teeth (the included angle between the normal of the pitch line midpoint in the tooth width direction and the connecting line of the pitch line midpoint and the circle center of the movable circle).
The convex surface of the gear tooth is formed with a radius of
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
The concave surface of the gear teeth has a forming radius of
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
，
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
In order to correct the curvature in the tooth length direction,
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
according to the ratio of the length of the land in the tooth length direction to the face width
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
To determine, i.e.:
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
wherein:
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
is a pressure angle;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE030A
the central point helical angle of the tooth width pitch line of the end-toothed disc is adopted;
bthe tooth surface is wide.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the tooth height of the end-toothed disc is unchanged from the outer wall to the inner wall, the tooth profile curve of the existing tool for machining the end-toothed disc is a straight line, the tooth profile curve of the end-toothed disc is a circular arc, and the shape of a bus of the cutting edge rotating surface of the taper milling cutter for machining the end-toothed disc is the same as the shape of a normal tooth profile curve of the end-toothed disc, so that when the end-toothed disc is meshed, the interference of tooth crests and tooth roots is avoided, and the sensitivity of the end-toothed disc to manufacturing and mounting errors is reduced.
2. In the processing method, the existing processing method adopting a special machine tool and a special end face disc-shaped milling cutter is changed into the processing method only adopting a processing center and a taper milling cutter, so that the end-toothed disc can be processed in a common processing center, the taper milling cutter is used for manufacturing cutter grinding according to a tooth profile curve, the limit of special processing equipment and a special cutter is avoided, the manufacturing cost is low, and the processing efficiency is high.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an explosive structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a right-hand half-end-toothed disc structure according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a left-handed end-toothed disc structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a normal sectional view of an end-toothed disc of the present invention milling tooth slots using a taper cutter.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of the tool movement path of the end-toothed disc of the present invention when a tooth slot is milled using a taper cutter.
FIG. 6 is a normal cross-sectional view of an end-toothed disc tooth of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of cutter interference of a conventional end-toothed disc when a small-diameter end-face disc-shaped milling cutter is used for machining.
Fig. 8 is an end face disk-type milling cutter head used in machining a conventional end-toothed disk.
FIG. 9 is a tooth trace schematic of the convex surface of a gear tooth.
In the figure: 1. a right-handed half end tooth disc; 11. right-handed gear teeth; 12. A right-handed tooth groove; 2. a left-hand half-end gear disc; 21 left-hand gear teeth; 22. A left-handed tooth socket; 3. a right-handed connecting table; 4. a left-handed connection station; 5. a taper milling cutter; 6. the motion track of the taper milling cutter; 7. the rotating track of the cutter teeth; 9. an outer cutter head body; 10. an inner cutter head body; 11. the convex tooth trace of the gear teeth.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the present invention is given for the purpose of better understanding technical solutions of the present invention by those skilled in the art, and the present description is only exemplary and explanatory and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention in any way.
Referring to fig. 1 to 9, in one embodiment, an end-toothed disc is formed by two half-end-toothed discs engaged with each other; each half end tooth disc consists of a tooth disc and gear teeth; on a plane vertical to the central axis of the half end-toothed disc, the gear teeth are uniformly distributed on the toothed disc along the circumference; the tooth length direction of the gear teeth is an extended epicycloid; the tooth thickness of the gear teeth is gradually reduced from the outer wall to the inner wall; the gear teeth distribution directions of the two half end tooth discs are arranged in a mirror image mode.
Preferably, in this embodiment: the two half-end-toothed discs are connected to each other by means of a through-bolt or a clamping device.
Preferably, in this embodiment: the midpoints of the tooth width pitch lines of the two half-toothed intermeshing plates have the same helix angle and pressure angle.
Preferably, in this embodiment: the tooth height of the gear teeth is unchanged from the outer wall to the inner wall.
Preferably, in this embodiment: the tooth profile curve of the semi-end toothed disc in the tooth height direction is an arc, and the radius of curvature of the arcRAccording to the ratio of the height of the contact zone in the tooth height direction to the full tooth height
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002A
To determine, i.e.:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE062
wherein:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006A
the tooth depth is the full tooth height,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE064
is the pressure angle. As shown in figure 6 of the drawings,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006AA
=
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE066
+
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE068
，
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE066A
the tooth top height of the tooth is high,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE068A
the tooth root is high.
An end-toothed disc machining method is applied to the end-toothed disc machining of any one of the end-toothed discs; it comprises the following steps:
(1) clamping and fixing the workpiece blank in a processing center;
(2) setting a tool machining path according to a gear tooth trace equation and tool parameters, and enabling the tool machining path to be on a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the workpiece, wherein the convex surface or the concave surface of the gear tooth of the ideal end-toothed disc is taken as a reference;
(3) enabling a cutting edge of the cutter to move along a tooth trace of the convex surface or the concave surface, and processing the convex surface or the concave surface of a gear tooth on a workpiece blank;
(4) the cutting edge of the cutter moves along the tooth trace of the concave surface or the convex surface of the adjacent gear tooth in the opposite direction to mill the concave surface or the convex surface of the adjacent gear tooth, so that a tooth groove is machined;
(5) after a tooth groove is machined, the workpiece blank rotates for a certain angle, and a second tooth groove is machined by adopting the same method;
(6) and (5) circulating the steps (3) to (5), and processing to obtain the end tooth disc with a certain number of teeth.
As a further optimization of the processing method, the cutter is a taper milling cutter, and the shape of a generatrix of a revolution surface formed by the rotation of a cutting edge around the axis of the cutter is the same as the shape of a normal tooth profile of the gear teeth.
As a further optimization of the processing method, as shown in figure 9,xoythe plane is coincident with the nodal plane of the end-toothed disc, andothe point is located at the intersection of the nodal plane and the axis of the end-toothed disc. The tooth trace equation of the convex surface of the gear tooth is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE010A
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE012A
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE014A
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE016A
wherein:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018A
the distance from the center of a moving circle of the epicycloid to the center of a base circle fixedly connected with the crown wheel is extended to form a convex surface;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020A
the angle of rotation of the moving circle around the center of the moving circle for forming the extended epicycloid;
Figure 100002_DEST_PATH_IMAGE022A
extending an epicycloid forming radius for the convex surface of the gear teeth;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE024A
the convex surface direction angle of the gear teeth (the included angle between the normal of the pitch line midpoint in the tooth width direction and the connecting line of the pitch line midpoint and the circle center of the movable circle);
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE026A
is the base radius of the crown wheel;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE028A
the crown wheel reference point cone distance;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE030AA
is the midpoint helix angle of the tooth width pitch line of the end-toothed disc.
The tooth trace equation of the concave surface of the gear tooth is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE032A
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE034A
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE036A
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038A
wherein:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE040A
the distance from the center of a movable circle of the epicycloid to the center of a base circle fixedly connected with the crown wheel is extended for forming a concave surface;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE042A
extending an epicycloid forming radius for the concave surface of the gear teeth;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE044A
the concave angle of the gear teeth (the included angle between the normal of the pitch line midpoint in the tooth width direction and the connecting line of the pitch line midpoint and the circle center of the movable circle).
The convex surface of the gear tooth is formed with a radius of
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE046A
The concave surface of the gear teeth has a forming radius of
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE048A
，
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE050A
In order to correct the curvature in the tooth length direction,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE052A
according to the ratio of the length of the land in the tooth length direction to the face width
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE054A
To determine, i.e.:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE070
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE058A
wherein:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE060A
is a pressure angle;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE030AAA
the central point helical angle of the tooth width pitch line of the end-toothed disc is adopted;
bthe tooth surface is wide.
The invention has the specific working principle that:
the embodiment provides an end-toothed disc, which comprises two half end-toothed discs which are butted and spliced together; a left-handed half end tooth disk 2 and a right-handed half end tooth disk 1 respectively; the left-handed half end tooth disc 2 consists of a left-handed tooth disc 4 and left-handed teeth 21, and a left-handed tooth groove 22 is formed between the left-handed teeth 21; the right-handed half end tooth disc 1 consists of a right-handed tooth disc 3 and right-handed teeth 11, and a right-handed tooth groove 12 is formed between the right-handed teeth 11; on a plane vertical to the axis of the end-toothed disc, the gear teeth are uniformly distributed on the end surface along the circumference, and the tooth length direction of the gear teeth is an extended epicycloid; the tooth thickness of the gear teeth gradually shrinks from the outer wall to the inner wall, the gear teeth are in a shape with a large outer part and a small inner part, but the tooth height of the gear teeth is unchanged from the outer wall to the inner wall;
when the left-handed tooth disc is installed, the left-handed tooth disc 2 and the right-handed tooth disc 1 are meshed with each other, and the left-handed teeth 21 on the left-handed tooth disc 2 are embedded into the right-handed teeth grooves 12 on the right-handed tooth disc 1; the right-handed gear teeth 11 on the right-handed semi-end tooth disk 1 are embedded into the left-handed tooth slot 22 on the left-handed semi-end tooth disk 2;
the two half end tooth discs which are assembled together are fastened through a through bolt or a special clamping device; the left-handed half end tooth disk 2 rotates to drive the right-handed half end tooth disk 1 to rotate or the right-handed half end tooth disk 1 rotates to drive the left-handed half end tooth disk 2 to rotate; the device has compact structure, large bearing capacity and automatic centering function.
The embodiment also provides a machining method of the end-toothed disc, which comprises the following steps:
(1) clamping and fixing the workpiece blank in a processing center;
(2) setting a tool machining path on a plane vertical to the axis of the workpiece by taking the convex surface (or the concave surface) of the ideal end-toothed disc as a reference;
(3) enabling a cutting edge of the cutter to move along a tooth trace of a convex surface (or a concave surface), and machining a convex surface (or a concave surface) of a gear tooth on a workpiece blank;
(4) the cutting edge of the cutter moves along the tooth trace equation of the concave surface (or convex surface) of the adjacent gear tooth in the opposite direction, and the concave surface (or convex surface) of the adjacent gear tooth is milled, so that a tooth slot is machined;
(5) after a tooth socket is machined, the workpiece rotates for a certain angle, and a second tooth socket is machined by adopting the same method;
(6) and (5) circulating the steps (3) to (5), and processing to obtain the end tooth disc with a certain number of teeth.
The machining tool of the end-toothed disc described in this embodiment is a taper milling cutter 5, and the shape of the generatrix of the cutting edge revolution surface of the taper milling cutter 5 is the same as the shape of the normal tooth profile curve of the end-toothed disc. See taper cutter movement path 6, as shown in fig. 5. See the cutter tooth path of revolution 7 of the face disk cutter head, as shown in fig. 7.
See the tooth trace 11 of the convex surface of the tooth as shown in fig. 9. And the position of a coordinate system used for describing the tooth trace equation is determined, the xoy plane of the coordinate system of the tooth trace equation is superposed with the nodal plane of the end tooth disk, and the point o is the intersection point of the nodal plane and the axis of the end tooth disk.
Because the end-toothed disc is machined by the machining center, the problem of cutter interference does not exist, the machining principle is simple, the machining cost is low, and the machining efficiency is high.
The end-toothed disc provided by the embodiment is machined by the machining center and the taper milling cutter, is not limited by a special machine tool and a special cutter, can be machined in a common machining center, and is low in machining cost.
It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts of the present invention. The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that there are objectively infinite specific structures due to the limited character expressions, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that a plurality of modifications, decorations or changes may be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and the technical features described above may be combined in a suitable manner; such modifications, variations, combinations, or adaptations of the invention using its spirit and scope, as defined by the claims, may be directed to other uses and embodiments.

Claims (6)

1. The end-toothed disc machining method is characterized in that the end-toothed disc is formed by mutually meshing two half end-toothed discs; each half end tooth disc consists of a tooth disc and gear teeth; on a plane vertical to the central axis of the half end-toothed disc, the gear teeth are uniformly distributed on the toothed disc along the circumference; the tooth length direction of the gear teeth is an extended epicycloid; the tooth thickness of the gear teeth is gradually reduced from the outer wall to the inner wall; the gear teeth of the two half end tooth discs are arranged in a mirror image mode in the distribution direction;
the processing method comprises the following steps:
(1) clamping and fixing the workpiece blank in a processing center;
(2) setting a tool machining path according to a gear tooth trace equation and tool parameters, and enabling the tool machining path to be on a plane perpendicular to the central axis of the workpiece, wherein the convex surface or the concave surface of the gear tooth of the ideal end-toothed disc is taken as a reference;
(3) enabling a cutting edge of the cutter to move along a tooth trace of the convex surface or the concave surface, and processing the convex surface or the concave surface of a gear tooth on a workpiece blank;
(4) the cutting edge of the cutter moves along the tooth trace of the concave surface or the convex surface of the adjacent gear tooth in the opposite direction to mill the concave surface or the convex surface of the adjacent gear tooth, so that a tooth groove is machined;
(5) after a tooth groove is machined, the workpiece blank rotates for a certain angle, and a second tooth groove is machined by adopting the same method;
(6) circulating the steps (3) to (5), and processing to obtain an end tooth disc with a certain number of teeth;
the tooth trace equation of the convex surface of the gear tooth is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE002
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE004
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE006
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE008
wherein:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE010
the center of a moving circle of the epicycloid extends to form a convex surfaceThe distance between the centers of the base circles fixedly connected with the crown wheels;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE012
the angle of rotation of the moving circle around the center of the moving circle for forming the extended epicycloid;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE014
extending an epicycloid forming radius for the convex surface of the gear teeth;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE016
the convex surface direction angle of the gear teeth (the included angle between the normal of the pitch line midpoint in the tooth width direction and the connecting line of the pitch line midpoint and the circle center of the movable circle);
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE018
is the base radius of the crown wheel;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE020
the crown wheel reference point cone distance;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE022
the central point helical angle of the tooth width pitch line of the end-toothed disc is adopted;
the tooth trace equation of the concave surface of the gear tooth is as follows:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE024
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE026
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE028
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE030
wherein:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE032
the distance from the center of a movable circle of the epicycloid to the center of a base circle fixedly connected with the crown wheel is extended for forming a concave surface;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE034
extending an epicycloid forming radius for the concave surface of the gear teeth;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE036
the direction angle of the concave surface of the gear tooth (the included angle between the normal of the midpoint of the pitch line in the tooth width direction and the connecting line of the midpoint of the pitch line and the circle center of the movable circle);
the convex surface of the gear tooth is formed with a radius of
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE038
The concave surface of the gear teeth has a forming radius of
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE040
，
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE042
In order to correct the curvature in the tooth length direction,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE044
according to the ratio of the length of the land in the tooth length direction to the face width
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE046
To determine, i.e.:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE048
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE050
wherein:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE052
is a pressure angle;
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE022A
the central point helical angle of the tooth width pitch line of the end-toothed disc is adopted;
bthe tooth surface is wide.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the two end-toothed discs are connected to each other by means of a through bolt or a clamping device.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the midpoints of the pitch lines of the two intermeshing half-end-toothed discs have the same pitch angle and pressure angle.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the teeth have a height that is constant from the outer wall to the inner wall.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the profile curve of the end-toothed disc in the tooth height direction is an arc having a radius of curvatureRAccording to the ratio of the height of the contact zone in the tooth height direction to the full tooth height
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE054
To determine, i.e.:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE056
wherein:
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE058
the tooth depth is the full tooth height,
Figure DEST_PATH_IMAGE060
is the pressure angle.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the tool is a taper milling cutter, and the shape of a generatrix of a surface of revolution formed by rotation of the cutting edge about the axis of the tool is identical to the shape of a normal tooth profile of the gear teeth.
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