CN110303204A - A kind of method and device of multiple gear blank simultaneous processings - Google Patents
A kind of method and device of multiple gear blank simultaneous processings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN110303204A CN110303204A CN201910618347.5A CN201910618347A CN110303204A CN 110303204 A CN110303204 A CN 110303204A CN 201910618347 A CN201910618347 A CN 201910618347A CN 110303204 A CN110303204 A CN 110303204A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- gear blank
- cutterhead
- gear
- cutter
- cutting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F17/00—Special methods or machines for making gear teeth, not covered by the preceding groups
- B23F17/003—Special methods or machines for making gear teeth, not covered by the preceding groups for dry cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F23/00—Accessories or equipment combined with or arranged in, or specially designed to form part of, gear-cutting machines
- B23F23/003—Generating mechanisms
Abstract
The present invention relates to the manufacture field of gear, a kind of method for specifically disclosing multiple gear simultaneous processings, multiple gear blanks are equidistantly arranged by circumference, and guarantee it is tangent in gear blank central axis and circumference, it is more that gear cutting tool is mounted on corresponding cutterhead.Cutter gradually rotates around center axis and remains and be in plumbness with gear blank central axis cutting tool during the cutting process.Gear blank is synchronous to be moved back and forth along cutterhead radial direction；Cutterhead rotation band cutter is cut, and gradually completes the feed motion in gullet depth direction vertically downward by cutterhead, cutterhead is returned to initialization position after being cut to gullet depth, and gear blank is indexed, and repeats the above process the processing for carrying out next tooth socket.The present invention also provides a kind of devices of gear blank simultaneous processing.The present invention can process simultaneously multiple gear blanks, improve the processing efficiency of gear.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the manufacture fields of gear, and in particular to a kind of method of multiple gear blank simultaneous processings and multiple teeth
The device of base simultaneous processing.
Technical background
Currently, the machining mode of gear is broadly divided into forming process and generating two ways, forming process uses dish type
The forming tools such as milling cutter or finger cutter carry out monodentate cutting to each tooth, and the processing of gear whole tooth form is completed by indexing.
The principle of flank profil when generating is engaged using a pair of of gear envelope each other realizes the machining of gear, the most typically
Mode has gear hobbing and gear shaping two ways.Although the theory and method of current gear cutting processing and relevant equipment are all non-
Often complete, but machining efficiency is not high, reason be machinings all at present every time both for a gear blank into
Row processing.
Summary of the invention
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides one kind can be to the side of multiple gear blank simultaneous processings
Method, specific technical solution are as follows:
A kind of method of multiple gear blanks machining simultaneously, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1: multiple gear blank circumference are arranged at equal intervals, the central axis of each gear blank and gear blank is made to arrange institute's shape
At circumference it is tangent；
Step 2: by multiple cutting tool circumference and being mounted on cutterhead at equal intervals, cutting tool and gear blank are one by one
It is corresponding, it is rotated by cutterhead around center axis to drive cutting tool to process gear blank；
Step 3: while cutterhead rotates, cutter is along gear blank radial direction during cutting one of gear blank
The minimum point of a knife point of contact gear blank is that rotary reference point is rotated around center axis, and when cutting remains cutter base
Face and gear blank central axis upright, reverse rotation to cutter basal plane and next gear blank central axis hangs down after having cut a gear blank
Directly；
Step 4: gear blank is moved back and forth with the rotation of cutterhead during cutting one of gear blank,
So that cutting tool is moved in a straight line with respect to gear blank；
Step 5: cutterhead completes the feeding fortune in gullet depth direction vertically downward after cutterhead completes a circle stock removal action
Dynamic, cutterhead is returned to initialization position after being cut to gullet depth, and gear blank is indexed, and it is next to repeat the above process progress
The processing of tooth socket.
Further, in the step 2 central axis of cutter in vertical direction be projected as a point, and fall in
On gear blank central axis.
Further, in the step 3, a complete gear blank cutting process includes that cutting region and cutter adjust the angle
Buffer area, cutting tool is counterclockwise around the rotation direction of center axis in cutting region, and cutter adjusts the angle buffer area and cuts
It is clockwise that cutting tool, which is cut in area, around the rotation direction of center axis.
Further, the movement speed that gear blank moves back and forth in the step 4 are as follows:Wherein ω is the revolving speed of cutterhead, and R is cutter radius, and θ is work where each gear blank
The working region angle of position.
In addition the present invention also provides a kind of multiple gears simultaneously machining device, including vehicle body, cutterhead, main shaft with
And multiple processing stations, the main shaft are installed on vehicle body, the intermediate position of the cutterhead is movably connect with main shaft, described
The side surface circumference of cutterhead and it is equidistant multiple cutters are installed, the multiple processing stations are installed on vehicle body by guide rail, are added
Work station and cutter correspond；The processing stations include workbench, rotary shaft, axle sleeve and motor, the rotary shaft installation
In workbench top, the axle sleeve is movably installed in rotary shaft for installing gear blank, the motor and rotation axis connection,
For driving rotary shaft to rotate.
Further, the processing stations along guide rail moving direction be cutterhead radial direction.
Further, the cutter is rotatably mounted on cutterhead, and the end of cutter is connected with servo motor.
Further, the central axis of the gear blank and the rotational trajectory of cutter tangent, the gear blank that is formed by circular arc
The intermediate cross-section on cylindrical surface is overlapped with the sagittal plane that the rotational trajectory of cutter is formed by circular arc.
Beneficial effect, the present invention is based on the process principle of gear forming method and generating, by being rotated with multicutter
The method of cutting come realize and meanwhile to the gear blank of multiple spur gear wheels and cylindric spiral gear carry out external gear processing, processing
Gear blank makes the machining locus of cutter relative to gear blank by way of transverse reciprocating is mobile with cutter linkage on guide rail in the process
For straight line, to process qualified tooth socket, while passing through the cutting speed of control cutter and the reciprocating movement speed of gear blank
To improve the processing efficiency of gear, enrich the manufacturing process of gear the machining accuracy that improves gear blank.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of processing unit (plant) in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 2 is the positional structure schematic diagram of processing stations and cutter in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the horizontal direction schematic diagram of gear blank and cutter in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of cutter in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the division schematic diagram of two processing stations process in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the division schematic diagram of a processing stations process in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 7 is the curve graph of cutter velocity of rotation in the specific embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 8 is the speed curve diagram that gear blank moves repeatedly movement in the specific embodiment of the invention
Fig. 9 is in the specific embodiment of the invention using the structural schematic diagram of processing stations and cutter when generating processing.
Appended drawing reference: 1- cutterhead；2- main shaft；3- servo motor；4- gear blank；5- axle sleeve；6- workbench；7- guide rail；8- knife
Tool；9- rotary shaft；10- motor；11- rotational trajectory circular arc；12- gear blank central axis；The sagittal plane 13-；14- center cutter
Axis.
Specific embodiment
In order to which the purpose of the present invention, principle and advantage is more clearly understood, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, to this hair
It is bright to be further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and do not have to
It is of the invention in limiting.
According to Fig. 1, the device of a kind of multiple gear blanks machining simultaneously, including vehicle body, cutterhead 1, main shaft 2 and more
A processing stations, main shaft 2 are mounted on vehicle body, and cutterhead 1 is movably connect by in-between position with main shaft 2, mobile side
To the surface perpendicular to cutterhead 1, the side surface circumference of cutterhead 1 and it is equidistant multiple cutters 8 are installed, multiple processing stations are by leading
Rail 7 is installed on vehicle body, and the position of processing stations and cutter 8 corresponds, and the distance at 8 center of cutter to 1 center of cutterhead is set
For the working radius of cutterhead 1, the working radius of cutterhead is 800mm in Fig. 1, and cutterhead 1 can be rotated and be gone up and down around main shaft 2, rotation
Turn to cut with cutter 8, the feeding of vertical direction may be implemented in lifting.
As shown in Fig. 2, each processing stations respectively include workbench 6, rotary shaft 9, axle sleeve 5 and motor 10, rotary shaft 9
Be installed on the top of workbench 6, axle sleeve 5 is movably installed in rotary shaft 9, axle sleeve 5 for installing gear blank 4, motor 10 with
Rotary shaft 9 connects, for driving rotary shaft 9 to rotate.In Fig. 2 gear blank with a thickness of 30mm, the perimeter of the layout of gear blank 4 is calculated
12 each processing stations, each processing stations Zhou Changfang are arranged in total according to every 30 ° of arrangements, one processing stations for 5024mm
It is 419mm, space interval needed for can satisfy each station to spacing.By every 30 degree installations one cutting tool on cutterhead 1
8, and one servo motor 3 is installed on every top cutter 8, cutting tool 8 can be driven to rotate by servo motor 3.Tooth
Base 4 is mounted on axle sleeve 5, and axle sleeve 5 can be with 9 shift position of relative rotation axi, so that the gear blank 4 of different-thickness can determine
The relative position of opposite cutting tool 8.Rotary shaft 9 can realize indexing rotation or continuous rotation by motor 10.Workbench 6 can be with
Opposite rail 7 slides, and guide rail 7 is fixed on lathe, and such gear blank 4 is able to achieve the reciprocating movement radial along cutterhead 1.
In order to process qualified gear, need to realize the linkage that the movement of gear blank 4 and cutter 8 move, such as Fig. 3 and Fig. 4
It is shown, one of gear blank 4 is now processed with a cutting tool 8 to illustrate the linkage action of mechanism.The center of the cutter tooth of cutter 8
Axis 14 in vertical direction be projected as a point, and fall on the central axis 12 of gear blank 4, the central axis 12 of gear blank 4
Tangent with the rotational trajectory circular arc 11 of cutter 8, the mid-plane of gear blank 4 is overlapped with the sagittal plane 13 of rotational trajectory circular arc 11.
The nose center point A of cutter 8 is on insert central axis 14.When processing, since 8 running track of cutting tool is camber line, because
Gear blank 4 is needed to move along the radial direction of rotational trajectory circular arc 11 when this cutting so that cutting tool 8 is transported with respect to 4 straight line of gear blank
It is dynamic.The cutter basal plane of cutting tool 8 must be vertical with gear blank central axis 12, therefore cutting tool 8 is needed around cutter when processing
Central axis 14 is rotated to guarantee that the basal plane of cutting tool 8 is vertical with gear blank central axis 12 always.
Sharing 12 stations, the working region angle of each station is 30 degree, i.e., -15 °≤θ≤15 °, if turn of cutterhead 1
Speed is ω.The initial position of the central axis 12 of gear blank 4 needs to deviate to the left, is Rcos15 °, position corresponding with θ angle is
Rcos θ, corresponding 4 movement speed of gear blank are as follows:Cutting tool 8 is in itself
The velocity of rotation of mandrel line 14 is identical as the revolving speed of cutterhead 1, is ω, the reciprocating rotation within the scope of -15 °≤θ≤15 °.Due to tooth
The revolving speed and radius of speed and cutterhead 1 that the mobile speed of base 4 and cutting tool 8 rotate have stringent functional relation, therefore
The movement of gear blank 4, the rotation of cutting tool 8 and cutterhead 1 can be made using the transmission chain that servo motor 3 or mechanism are formed
Rotation forms coordinated movement of various economic factors relationship, to process corresponding tooth socket.
As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6, can go out to change in the direction of rotation of two working region intersection N1 (N2) cutting tools 8.
Movement speed of the gear blank 4 in the position P1 is maximum simultaneously, needs to increase by one section of moving distance and slows down.As shown in Figure 6 and Figure 8, gear blank 4
Motion path be from the reciprocal change speed linear motion of P0-P1-P2, speed is 0 P0 and P1 at.Workspace is set as 15 thus
Degree, the buffer area for changing directional velocity and velocity magnitude is 15 degree.The area N1 to N2 be the first workspace, angle be θ=
30 °, the area N2 to N3 is the second workspace.C1 to C2 is the cutting region of the first workspace, and angle is θ/2, and two o'clock distance is
The gear blank that 208.8mm, i.e. transverse tooth thickness are less than the value can be processed.C3 to C4 is the cutting region of the second workspace, and C2 to C3 is
Cutting tool 8 adjusts the angle buffer area, and angle is θ/2.From C1 to C2, cutting tool 8 is around 14 turns of center axis
Angle is θ/2, and velocity of rotation ω, rotation direction is counterclockwise.From C2 to C3, the angle that 8 turn of cutting tool be θ/
2, rotation direction is that clockwise, velocity of rotation is to become rate curve, and rate curve is as shown in Figure 7.In above process,
The movement of gear blank 4 refers to gear blank moving along tool circumferential radial direction, and the radial direction for the circumference to be formed is rotated along cutter, so that
Tool circumferential moves along a straight line when moving with respect to gear blank.
P1-P2 is that gear blank 4 cuts movement routine, and P0-P1 is the buffering road that gear blank 4 changes directional velocity and velocity magnitude
Diameter.The coordinate at upper any point is (Rcos α, Rsin α) ,-θ/2≤α≤θ/2 from N1 to N2.Its linear velocity is R ω, along y-axis
Speed be R ω cos α, as cutting tool 8 with respect to gear blank 4 cutting speed.Speed along x-axis is R ω sin α, as tooth
The mobile speed of 4 transverse reciprocating of base, available speed curve diagram such as Fig. 8 institute from 4 traverse motion of P0-P1-P2 gear blank
Show.
When processing helical gear, helical gear helical angle is β, the additional rotation needed for can calculating gear blank 4 from C1 to C2
Speed isWherein m is the modulus for being processed gear, and Z is the number of teeth for being processed gear.Gear blank 4
Additional rotation can be controlled by motor 10 and be completed.The angle that gear blank 4 is rotated around center axis from C1 to C2 ThereforeM and Z is the modulus and the number of teeth for being processed gear.Gear blank
4 sub-degree angle is 2 π/Z, and from C2 to C3, motor 10 rotates backward is for angleThen start cutting for another gear teeth
It cuts.
As shown in figure 9, cutting tool is identical with pinion cutter, mechanism kinematic and forming process when using generating processing
It is identical, but motor 15 is installed so that 8 continuous rotation of cutter on cutter, gear blank 4 realizes continuous rotation by motor 10.If
8 number of teeth of cutter is Zt, and 4 number of teeth of gear blank is Zp, then the rotating ratio that cutter 8 and gear blank 4 are formed during the cutting process is Zp/Zt, is turned
Speed ratio value is realized dependent on motor 15 and motor 10.
Above-mentioned only to be illustrated with forming process, this method equally also uses and generating, when using generating cutting, knife
Tool is using the pinion cutter with multiple cutters tooth；Cutter will also be rotated around own axes, and rotation speed is formed with gear blank rotation speed
Corresponding proportionate relationship.Cutter revolving speeds all simultaneously is identical, and all gear blank revolving speeds are identical.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc. made within mind and principle, should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method of multiple gear blanks while machining, which comprises the steps of:
Step 1: multiple gear blank circumference are arranged at equal intervals, arranges the central axis of each gear blank with gear blank and be formed by
Circumference is tangent；
Step 2: by multiple cutting tool circumference and being mounted on cutterhead at equal intervals, cutting tool and gear blank are corresponded,
It is rotated by cutterhead around center axis to drive cutting tool to process gear blank；
Step 3: while cutterhead rotates, cutter is radially contacted with along gear blank during cutting one of gear blank
The minimum point of a knife point of gear blank is that rotary reference point is rotated around center axis, when cutting remain cutter basal plane with
Gear blank central axis upright reversely rotates after having cut a gear blank to cutter basal plane and next gear blank central axis upright；
Step 4: gear blank is moved back and forth with the rotation of cutterhead during cutting one of gear blank, so that
Cutting tool is moved in a straight line with respect to gear blank；
Step 5: cutterhead completes the feed motion in gullet depth direction vertically downward, cuts after cutterhead completes a circle stock removal action
Cutterhead is returned to initialization position after cutting gullet depth, and gear blank is indexed, and repeats the above process and carries out next tooth socket
Processing.
2. the method for a kind of multiple gears according to claim 1 while machining, which is characterized in that the step 2
The central axis of middle cutter in vertical direction be projected as a point, and fall on gear blank central axis.
3. the method for a kind of multiple gears according to claim 1 while machining, which is characterized in that the step 3
In, a complete gear blank cutting process includes cutting region and cutter adjusts the angle buffer area, and cutting tool is around certainly in cutting region
The rotation direction of body central axis be it is counterclockwise, cutter adjust the angle buffer area cutting region in cutting tool around center axis
Rotation direction be clockwise.
4. the method for a kind of multiple gears according to claim 1 while machining, which is characterized in that the step 4
The movement speed that middle gear blank moves back and forth are as follows:Wherein ω is the revolving speed of cutterhead, R
For cutter radius, θ is the working region angle of station where each gear blank.
5. the device of a kind of multiple gear blanks according to any one of claims 1 to 4 while machining, it is characterised in that:
Including vehicle body, cutterhead, main shaft and multiple processing stations, the main shaft is installed on vehicle body, the intermediate position of the cutterhead with
Main shaft movably connects, the side surface circumference of the cutterhead and it is equidistant multiple cutters are installed, the multiple processing stations are logical
It crosses guide rail to be installed on vehicle body, processing stations and cutter correspond；The processing stations include workbench, rotary shaft, axle sleeve
And motor, the rotary shaft are installed on workbench top, the axle sleeve is movably installed in rotary shaft for installing gear blank,
The motor and rotation axis connection, for driving rotary shaft to rotate.
6. the device of a kind of multiple gears according to claim 5 while machining, it is characterised in that: the processing work
Position along guide rail moving direction be cutterhead radial direction.
7. the device of a kind of multiple gears according to claim 5 while machining, which is characterized in that the cutter can
Rotation is installed on cutterhead, and the end of cutter is connected with servo motor.
8. the device of a kind of multiple gears according to claim 5 while machining, which is characterized in that the gear blank
The rotational trajectory of central axis and cutter is formed by that circular arc is tangent, the intermediate cross-section on the gear blank cylindrical surface and the rotation of cutter
The sagittal plane that track is formed by circular arc is overlapped.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910618347.5A CN110303204B (en) | 2019-07-10 | 2019-07-10 | Method and device for simultaneously machining multiple gear blanks |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910618347.5A CN110303204B (en) | 2019-07-10 | 2019-07-10 | Method and device for simultaneously machining multiple gear blanks |
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| CN110303204A true CN110303204A (en) | 2019-10-08 |
| CN110303204B CN110303204B (en) | 2020-06-05 |
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| CN201910618347.5A Active CN110303204B (en) | 2019-07-10 | 2019-07-10 | Method and device for simultaneously machining multiple gear blanks |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111745227A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-10-09 | 徐绍波 | Numerical control multi-cutter movable efficient gear milling machine |
| CN113399960A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2021-09-17 | 无锡巨蟹智能驱动科技有限公司 | Manufacturing process of harmonic speed reducer steel wheel |
| CN114952208A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-30 | 常州纳博特斯克精密机械有限公司 | Gear machining process for RV reducer |
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| JPH11277337A (en) * | 1998-03-30 | 1999-10-12 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Horizontal hobbing machine |
| CN102114612A (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2011-07-06 | 雷肖尔股份公司 | Full profile dressing roll for dressing multi-start cylindrical grinding worms |
| CN102275015A (en) * | 2010-06-14 | 2011-12-14 | 利勃海尔-齿轮技术有限责任公司 | Method for producing a number of identical gearwheels by machining |
| CN208391594U (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-01-18 | 深圳市创世纪机械有限公司 | Rotate tool magazine sum number control lathe |
| EP2766142B1 (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2019-05-22 | Bourn & Koch, Inc. | Horizontal gear shaping machine with dual shaping heads |
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2019
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11277337A (en) * | 1998-03-30 | 1999-10-12 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Horizontal hobbing machine |
| CN102114612A (en) * | 2009-12-17 | 2011-07-06 | 雷肖尔股份公司 | Full profile dressing roll for dressing multi-start cylindrical grinding worms |
| CN102275015A (en) * | 2010-06-14 | 2011-12-14 | 利勃海尔-齿轮技术有限责任公司 | Method for producing a number of identical gearwheels by machining |
| EP2766142B1 (en) * | 2011-10-13 | 2019-05-22 | Bourn & Koch, Inc. | Horizontal gear shaping machine with dual shaping heads |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113399960A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2021-09-17 | 无锡巨蟹智能驱动科技有限公司 | Manufacturing process of harmonic speed reducer steel wheel |
| CN113399960B (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2024-04-09 | 无锡巨蟹智能驱动科技有限公司 | Manufacturing process of steel wheel of harmonic speed reducer |
| CN111745227A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-10-09 | 徐绍波 | Numerical control multi-cutter movable efficient gear milling machine |
| CN114952208A (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2022-08-30 | 常州纳博特斯克精密机械有限公司 | Gear machining process for RV reducer |
| CN114952208B (en) * | 2022-06-02 | 2023-11-21 | 常州纳博特斯克精密机械有限公司 | Gear machining process for RV speed reducer |
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