CN111895010B - 金属纳米锥状弹簧器件 - Google Patents
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Abstract
一种能产生局域超手性光场的金属纳米锥状弹簧器件。该器件由金属纳米锥状弹簧构成,随着结构的高度上升,弹簧的半径逐步减小。当入射光照射该金属纳米锥状弹簧器件底面时,入射光能量转化为表面等离激元,表面等离激元沿金属纳米锥弯曲表面传播,并压缩至顶端形成高度局域增强的电磁场分布,从而得到强纳米聚焦的局域超手性光场。通过改变入射光的波长、偏振态以及金属纳米锥状弹簧器件的材料结构参数,可以实现局域超手性光场的强度和手性的调控。本发明提供的金属纳米锥状弹簧器件,对于手性分子的操纵、筛分和检测以及量子加密通讯有重要应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于光学和光电技术领域,涉及纳米光电器件、纳米局域聚焦和矢量场,特别是一种能产生手性光场的金属纳米锥状弹簧器件。
背景技术
产生具有手性的纳米聚焦光场,对于提高单分子成像、热辅助磁记录、纳米光刻及诱发热电子至关重要。目前已有多种增强纳米聚焦的金属结构,其中最常用的是金属纳米锥形结构,但是纳米锥形结构的聚焦存在局限性,加工比较复杂,使得对表面等离激元的研究和应用存在局限性。金属纳米锥状弹簧结构加工简单,并且具有手性特征,在弹簧尖端能够形成高度局域的超手性光场。因此我们提出研究金属纳米锥状弹簧结构。
发明内容
本发明目的是为产生具有手性特征的纳米聚焦矢量场,提供一种高空间分辨率和高灵敏度的金属纳米锥状弹簧器件。
本发明提供的金属纳米锥状弹簧器件,由金属纳米锥状弹簧构成,该结构在柱坐标系的方程为:
其中:ρi(i=1,2,3,4,5)和θ分别是极坐标系下的半径和角度,a是纳米螺旋锥的初始半径,b是预设的高度系数,c是半径减小的等差,h是结构的高度。
所述的金属纳米锥状弹簧器件,当入射光照射金属纳米锥状弹簧器件底面时,在金属表面激发表面等离激元,表面等离激元会沿着金属纳米锥状弹簧器件的弯曲表面向顶端传播,并不断压缩和聚焦,形成强纳米聚焦的局域超手性光场。
所述的金属纳米锥状弹簧器件,在金属材料和其结构参数确定的条件下,通过改变金属纳米锥状弹簧器件的入射波长可以得到不同强度增强的纳米聚焦场。
本发明的优点和积极效果:
本发明提供的金属纳米锥状弹簧器件,当入射光照射金属纳米锥状弹簧器件底面时,在其底面激发的表面等离激元沿着锥的弯曲表面向顶端传播,并不断旋转、压缩和聚焦,在顶端形成强纳米聚焦的局域超手性光场。该聚焦电场有利于提高纳米探测和成像的灵敏度,有利于实现纳米粒子的操纵和筛选。另一方面,通过改变金属纳米锥状弹簧器件结构的金属材料、入射波长和偏振态可以实现纳米聚焦电场的调控。
本发明可用作扫描近场显微镜、原子力显微镜等扫描探针显微镜以及针尖增强拉曼光谱仪的高分辨率和高灵敏度探针。
本发明在手性分子的操纵、筛分和检测以及量子加密通讯有重要应用价值。
附图说明
图1是金属纳米锥状弹簧器件结构图。其中:(a)是金属纳米锥状弹簧器件的主剖视图;(b)是金属纳米锥状弹簧器件的左剖视图;(c)是金属纳米锥状弹簧器件的俯视图。
图2是当结构参数、入射光波长和偏振态一定时,不同金属材料的|E|2的值的关系图。
图3是当金属材料为银时,金属纳米锥状弹簧器件产生的纳米聚焦。其中:(a)和(b)分别是电场E在xz和yz平面的强度分布图,其在器件顶端形成纳米聚焦;(c)是在器件焦点附近所在xz平面上|E|2的强度分布。
具体实施方式
实施例1
如图1所示,一种能产生手性光场的金属纳米锥状弹簧器件,该器件由金属纳米锥状弹簧构成,该结构在柱坐标系的方程为:
其中:ρi(i=1,2,3,4,5)和θ分别是极坐标系下的半径和角度,a是纳米螺旋锥的初始半径,b是预设的高度系数,c是半径减小的等差,h是结构的高度。
本发明中金属纳米锥状弹簧器件的制作可以用化学腐蚀的方法来实现。我们以制作银纳米锥状弹簧为例,其具体步骤如下:
(1)将30ml浓度为7mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液与1ml浓度为0.1mol/L的硝酸铜溶液混合,之后将混合溶液倒入50ml聚四氟乙烯内衬的反应釜中,再添加25μl的35wt%的水合肼溶液和0.5ml的99wt%的乙二胺溶液,搅拌均匀,在温度为100℃的条件下反应1小时,得到3-5μm长的铜纳米棒;
(2)将10ml浓度为0.2mol/L的硝酸银溶液与10ml浓度为0.1mol/L的硝酸铜溶液混合;
(3)常温下将铜纳米棒超声分散在无水乙醇中,使用毛细管将铜的乙醇溶液滴在载玻片上,待衬底上的乙醇全部挥发完毕,将步骤(2)中的混合溶液滴到有铜纳米棒的载玻片上,常温下反应一段时间后,用滤纸轻轻吸干水溶液,在载玻片上就可以得到银纳米锥状弹簧;
(4)用原子力显微镜的探针将银纳米锥状弹簧拉伸到实验所需要的形态。
具体应用实例1
金属纳米锥状弹簧器件的具体参数以如下为例:
材料为银,入射波长λ=480nm,此时其相对介电常数εm=-6.7196+0.6885i,选取a=1μm,b=0.2π,c=0.2μm,θ=(0,5π)。入射光为右旋圆偏振光。
图2是当结构参数、入射光波长和偏振态一定时,不同金属材料的|E|2的值的关系图。
Claims (3)
2.根据权利要求1所述的金属纳米锥状弹簧器件,其特征在于入射光沿着金属纳米锥状弹簧的表面传播,在尖端形成高度局域的超手性光场。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的金属纳米锥状弹簧器件,其特征在于在金属纳米锥状弹簧的金属材料和结构参数确定的条件下,通过改变入射光的波长能够得到不同强度增强的纳米聚焦超手性光场;
在金属纳米锥状弹簧的金属材料和结构参数确定的条件下,通过改变入射光的偏振态能够得到不同强度增强的纳米聚焦手性光场,当偏振态与结构手性一致时,可以实现手性光场的相长;
在入射光波长和金属纳米锥状弹簧的结构参数确定的条件下,通过改变金属纳米锥状弹簧的金属材料能够得到不同强度增强的纳米聚焦手性光场。
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CN103081126A (zh) * | 2010-06-08 | 2013-05-01 | 太平洋银泰格拉泰德能源公司 | 具有增强场和电子发射的光学天线 |
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CN107657120B (zh) * | 2017-09-29 | 2019-12-27 | 大连理工大学 | 一种超线弹性大变形弹簧设计方法 |
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