Novel rock burst tunnel energy absorption and release scour protection support
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of coal mine roadway support, discloses a novel rock burst roadway energy-absorbing and energy-releasing anti-impact support, and is particularly suitable for anti-impact support of a rock burst mine roadway.
Background
With the increasing mining depth and the expanding mining range of mines in China, the occurrence frequency of rock burst disasters is gradually increased. Statistics show that: most of rock burst accidents occur in roadways, often cause roadway damage and support structure damage within a range of dozens of meters or even hundreds of meters, further cause serious casualties and economic losses, and seriously affect mine production and safe use of the roadways.
The occurrence of rock burst often has the characteristics of instantaneity, paroxysmal property and great destructiveness, and simultaneously great energy release is accompanied, the maximum released impact energy can reach 103MJ, these energies act primarily on two aspects: (1) acting on the coal rock mass to cause the breakage of the coal rock mass; (2) the coal rock mass is transferred to surrounding rocks and a supporting structure of the roadway, so that the surrounding rocks and the supporting structure are damaged. Along with the increase of the mining depth, the elastic strain energy accumulated in the coal rock body is gradually increased, the more energy is released when rock burst occurs, and the greater the damage degree of the rock burst to surrounding rocks of the roadway and a supporting structure is.
At present, anchor bolt support is an important form of roadway support. Because the elongation of the anchor rod material is very low, the length of the anchor rod which is nearly fixed cannot adapt to the characteristics of large deformation of a rock burst roadway and instantaneous release of a large amount of elastic energy release, the fracture of the anchor rod body is easily caused, so that the supporting effect is lost, and further the collapse of the roadway in a large range is caused. For other forms of support, for example: wood supports, single hydraulic prop supports and the like are rigid supports, only meet the safety requirements of static roadway supports, and under the action of impact load, support materials can be instantaneously damaged, so that the roadway is unstable due to the loss of support capability.
In summary, for a rock burst mine, a reasonable roadway support system should satisfy the following characteristics: (1) the supporting system has enough supporting strength to ensure the supporting safety of the rock burst mine roadway; (2) the support system has the characteristics of impact resistance and energy absorption, and after the ground pressure is impacted, the support system can absorb part of impact energy to avoid the impact instability damage of surrounding rocks of the roadway; (3) the support system can adapt to the moderate deformation of the roadway, and the damage of the support structure is avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems and the requirements of a novel support system, the invention provides a novel anti-impact support which is suitable for a rock burst roadway and has the characteristics of slow yielding energy release and quick impact yielding energy absorption.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a novel rock burst roadway energy-absorbing energy-releasing impact-proof support comprises an external protective steel plate, an inner side pressure-bearing supporting steel plate, a sustainable abdicating impact-proof energy-absorbing device, a high-strength spring and a fixed anchor cable; the outer protection steel plate and the inner side pressure-bearing support steel plate are respectively pre-provided with two rows of round holes which are regularly arranged along the length and used for installing and fixing anchor cables; when the support is installed, the inner side pressure-bearing supporting steel plate and the outer protective steel plate form a U shape corresponding to the cross section of the roadway, the bottom ends of the inner side pressure-bearing supporting steel plate are fixedly connected with fixed supporting legs respectively, and the fixed supporting legs are inserted into a roadway bottom plate and used for fixing the inner side pressure-bearing supporting steel plate; the outer ends of the fixed anchor cables sequentially penetrate through round holes in the external protection steel plate and the inner side pressure-bearing support steel plate and are fixed through an anchorage device; sustainable scour protection energy-absorbing device and the high strength spring of stepping down are installed at the interval between inboard pressure-bearing support steel sheet and the outside protection steel sheet, and the both ends of high strength spring link firmly with inboard pressure-bearing support steel sheet and outside protection steel sheet respectively, and sustainable bottom and the inboard pressure-bearing support steel sheet of stepping down scour protection energy-absorbing device link firmly, leave one section distance between top and the outside protection steel sheet.
Further, sustainable stepping down scour protection energy-absorbing device is inside hollow multistage frustum shape structure, and when rock burst took place, sustainable stepping down scour protection energy-absorbing device can be quick crumple step by step under impact load's effect, absorbs the impact energy of partial release, and when crumpling, the device crescent with the area of contact of outside protection steel sheet can reduce its concentrated stress to outside protection steel sheet and apply.
Further, the length of the fixed supporting leg is 150-200 mm.
Furthermore, two ends of the high-strength spring are respectively welded with the external protection steel plate and the internal pressure-bearing support steel plate.
Furthermore, the end with the large area of the sustainable yielding impact-proof energy-absorbing device is fixed on the inner side pressure-bearing supporting steel plate in a welding mode, a certain distance is reserved between the other end of the sustainable yielding impact-proof energy-absorbing device and the outer protecting steel plate, and the distance is a yielding space of the support.
Furthermore, the sections of the inner side pressure-bearing supporting steel plate and the outer side protection steel plate are both L-shaped, and two rows of parallel round holes are formed in one edge of the inner side pressure-bearing supporting steel plate and the outer side protection steel plate; when the inner side pressure-bearing supporting steel plate and the outer protection steel plate are folded into a U shape along the shape of the roadway, the round holes on the inner side pressure-bearing supporting steel plate and the outer protection steel plate correspond to each other.
Furthermore, a plurality of inner side pressure-bearing support steel plate reinforcing wings are welded on the inner side pressure-bearing support steel plate along the length at equal intervals.
Furthermore, the reinforcing wing of the inner side pressure-bearing supporting steel plate is of a right-angled triangle structure,
the middle part of the plate body of the reinforcing wing of the inner side pressure-bearing supporting steel plate is provided with a round hole.
Due to the application of the technical scheme, the invention has the following positive effects:
(1) this technical scheme is through externally protecting steel sheet and inboard pressure-bearing support installation high strength spring between the steel sheet, and after the installation of fixed anchor rope, certain pretightning force is applyed to inboard pressure-bearing support steel sheet to the anchor rope, and high strength spring transmits the pretightning force for outside protection steel sheet again, makes inboard pressure-bearing support steel sheet and tunnel country rock closely laminate on the one hand, slows down the production of country rock initial stage deformation, and on the other hand makes the support have great yieldability, can adapt to the great deflection in country rock initial stage.
(2) The technical scheme can meet the requirement of adapting to the slow deformation of the rock burst roadway, the allowable deformation range is determined by the length of the high-strength spring and the interval between the sustainable abdicating anti-impact energy-absorbing device and the external protective steel plate, and the allowable deformation range is greatly increased compared with the prior art. Meanwhile, when the roadway is deformed slowly, before the sustainable abdicating energy absorption device plays a role, the support is compressed by the high-strength spring to realize slow abdicating and energy releasing, and the capacity of adapting to the slow deformation of the surrounding rock of the support is improved.
(3) The technical scheme can meet the requirement of absorbing the instantaneous energy release of the rock burst roadway. To the coal rock mass instant displacement in the rock burst, the condition of huge energy release such as throw, the support passes through the quick compression of high strength spring and the quick deformation of sustainable abdication scour protection energy-absorbing device, the effect that reaches quick energy-absorbing is imagined in advance, the hollow structure of sustainable abdication scour protection energy-absorbing device, can have quick reaction rate and good instantaneous deformability when rock burst takes place, in addition sustainable abdication energy-absorbing device takes place to burst the back step by step, increase gradually between the area of contact of device and outside protection steel sheet, and then can alleviate the pressure of outside protection steel sheet, improve supporting construction's strut life-span.
(4) This technical scheme makes novel support possess slowly let press release can and strike the dual characteristics of energy-absorbing of stepping down fast, according to the different support mounting array pitch of the dangerous grade design of impact in the tunnel, the area that exposes of reasonable control country rock, the improvement that can show the current situation of strutting in rock burst tunnel, because of supporting construction's damage leads to the tunnel unstability when avoiding rock burst to take place, the life safety of guarantee tunnel inside personnel when rock burst takes place.
(5) This technical scheme shifts the fixed position of stock to supporting construction, avoids the stock atress after to the extrusion of country rock to destroy, maintains the wholeness of country rock, improves country rock self bearing capacity.
The invention has reasonable design, easy realization and good practical value.
Drawings
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view of the sustainable abdicating anti-impact energy-absorbing device of the invention.
FIG. 3 is a top view of the sustainable abdicating impact-resistant energy-absorbing device of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 2.
Figure 5 is a front view of the reinforcing wing of the inner pressure bearing support steel plate.
FIG. 6 is a top view of the reinforcing wing of the inner bearing supporting steel plate.
Fig. 7 is an enlarged partial front view B of fig. 1.
In the figure: 1. an outer side protective steel plate; 2. a high-strength spring; 3. fixing the anchor cable; 4. the anti-impact energy absorption device can continuously give way; 5. an inner side pressure bearing support steel plate; 6. 6', prefabricating anchor cable mounting holes; 7. fixing the supporting legs; 8. the inner side bearing support steel plate reinforcing wing.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to better explain the invention, the technical scheme of the invention is further explained in detail by a specific implementation method with the help of the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the novel energy-absorbing and energy-releasing scour protection support for the rock burst roadway comprises an external protection steel plate 1, a high-strength spring 2, a fixed anchor cable 3, a sustainable abdicating scour protection and energy absorption device 4, an inner side pressure-bearing support steel plate 5, prefabricated anchor cable mounting holes 6 and 6', fixed support legs 7 and inner side pressure-bearing support steel plate reinforcing wings 8.
As shown in fig. 1, the external protection steel plate 1 is bent into a U shape along the roadway, wherein two rows of prefabricated anchor cable installation holes 6' arranged regularly are prefabricated on two sides of the axial line for fixing the anchor cables 3.
The shape of the inner side pressure-bearing supporting steel plate 5 is basically the same as that of the outer side protective steel plate 1, two rows of prefabricated anchor cable mounting holes 6 which are regularly arranged are prefabricated on two sides of the central axis of the inner side pressure-bearing supporting steel plate 5, correspond to the prefabricated anchor cable mounting holes 6' on the outer protective steel plate 1, and are used for mounting and fixing the anchor cables 3.
As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the inner side pressure-bearing support steel plate 5 is welded with inner side pressure-bearing support steel plate reinforcing wings 8 at a certain pitch, the inner side pressure-bearing support steel plate reinforcing wings 8 are in a right-angled triangle structure, and the middle part of the plate body of the inner side pressure-bearing support steel plate reinforcing wings is provided with a round hole.
The vertical part of the inner side pressure-bearing supporting steel plate 5 is connected with a fixed supporting leg 7, the length of the fixed supporting leg 7 is 150-200 mm, and when the support is installed, the fixed supporting leg 7 is inserted into a roadway bottom plate to fix the inner side pressure-bearing supporting steel plate 5, so that the overall stability of the support is enhanced.
As shown in fig. 2-4, 7, sustainable yielding scour protection energy-absorbing device 4 is the multistage frustum shape structure of inside cavity, and when rock burst took place, sustainable yielding scour protection energy-absorbing device 4 can be quick under impact load's effect burst step by step and contract, absorbs the impact energy of partial release, when collapsing, the area of contact of this device 4 and outside protective steel plate 1 crescent, can reduce its concentrated stress to outside protective steel plate 1 and apply.
As shown in fig. 1, the high-strength spring 2 is fixed between the outer protective steel plate 1 and the inner pressure-bearing support steel plate 5.
The fixed anchor cable 3 is a high-strength prestressed anchor cable and is used for fixing the whole anti-impact support.
As a further improvement of the invention, a high-strength spring 2 and a sustainable abdicating anti-impact energy-absorbing device 4 are arranged between the outer protection steel plate 1 and the inner side pressure-bearing support steel plate 5 at intervals, and two ends of the high-strength spring 2 are respectively welded with the outer protection steel plate 1 and the inner side pressure-bearing support steel plate 5.
As a further improvement of the invention, one end of the sustainable abdicating anti-impact energy-absorbing device 4 with a large area is fixed on the inner side pressure-bearing support steel plate 5 in a welding mode, and a certain distance is left between the other end and the outer protection steel plate 1, as shown in fig. 7, the distance is an abdicating space of the bracket.