CN111893957A - Initial dam of tailing pond - Google Patents

Initial dam of tailing pond Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111893957A
CN111893957A CN202010731382.0A CN202010731382A CN111893957A CN 111893957 A CN111893957 A CN 111893957A CN 202010731382 A CN202010731382 A CN 202010731382A CN 111893957 A CN111893957 A CN 111893957A
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China
Prior art keywords
dam
seepage
slope
layer
impermeable layer
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CN202010731382.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
郑学鑫
宋会彬
王军磊
李浩嘉
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China ENFI Engineering Corp
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China ENFI Engineering Corp
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Priority to CN202010731382.0A priority Critical patent/CN111893957A/en
Publication of CN111893957A publication Critical patent/CN111893957A/en
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B7/00Barrages or weirs; Layout, construction, methods of, or devices for, making same
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02BHYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B3/00Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
    • E02B3/04Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
    • E02B3/12Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
    • E02B3/14Preformed blocks or slabs for forming essentially continuous surfaces; Arrangements thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a tailing pond initial dam which comprises a dam body, wherein the dam body comprises a dam crest, an outer slope arranged outside a pond and an inner slope connected with the pond, and a dam face seepage water collecting ditch is arranged on one side, close to the outer slope, of the dam crest; an impermeable layer is obliquely arranged in the dam body close to the inner slope side, the bottom end of the impermeable layer is connected with the impermeable layer in the reservoir, and the upper end of the impermeable layer is connected with the dam surface seepage water collecting ditch; block stone seepage-discharging bodies are arranged between the seepage-proofing layer and the slope surface of the inner slope and between the seepage-proofing layer and the dam crest; the bottom of the block stone seepage drainage body is provided with a seepage collection device. The invention can solve the problems that in order to ensure the integrity of an anti-seepage system, an engineering measure for reducing the buried depth of a seepage line of a stacking dam needs to be additionally added in the initial dam of the tailing pond of the upstream tailing dam building at present, the engineering investment is increased, the operation cost is increased and the like.

Description

Initial dam of tailing pond
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tailing ponds, in particular to a tailing pond initial dam.
Background
According to the requirements of the current national policy and regulation, whether an anti-seepage facility needs to be set is determined according to the properties of stored tailings, and the anti-seepage facility of the current tailings pond usually adopts an artificial material geomembrane to carry out full-pond anti-seepage. The upstream type tailing damming tailing reservoir is generally paved with an impermeable layer on the upstream dam surface of an initial dam, and the impermeable layer in the reservoir form a whole, so that the formed initial dam is the impermeable dam. Influenced by the self damming characteristic of the upstream tailing dam, if the initial dam is a watertight dam, the burial depth of the infiltration line in the piled dam is easy to be too shallow, and engineering measures such as additionally arranging a horizontal drainage pipe, a radiation well and the like are usually adopted to reduce the infiltration line of the dam body and increase the engineering investment. Meanwhile, as the outside of the horizontal seepage drainage pipe or the seepage drainage pipe arranged outside the radiation well needs to be wrapped with geotextile to avoid sand leakage, the geotextile is easily blocked by tailings to influence the seepage drainage effect, and in order to ensure the safety of a tailing dam, seepage drainage measures need to be added, so that the operation cost is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a tailing pond initial dam, so as to solve the problems that in order to ensure the integrity of an anti-seepage system, an additional engineering measure for reducing the burial depth of a seepage line of a stacking dam is required to be added to the existing tailing pond initial dam constructed by upstream tailing, the engineering investment is increased, and the operation cost is increased.
The invention provides a tailing pond initial dam which comprises a dam body, wherein the dam body comprises a dam crest, an outer slope arranged outside a pond and an inner slope connected with the pond, and a dam face seepage water collecting ditch is arranged on one side, close to the outer slope, of the dam crest; an impermeable layer is obliquely arranged in the dam body close to the inner slope side, the bottom end of the impermeable layer is connected with the impermeable layer in the reservoir, and the upper end of the impermeable layer is connected with the dam surface seepage water collecting ditch; block stone seepage-discharging bodies are arranged between the seepage-proofing layer and the slope surface of the inner slope and between the seepage-proofing layer and the dam crest; and a water seepage collecting device is arranged at the bottom of the block stone seepage draining body.
In addition, the preferable scheme is that the seepage water collecting device comprises a seepage water collecting pipe arranged at the bottom of the block stone seepage drainage body and a seepage water guide and drainage pipe connected with the seepage water collecting pipe; the seepage collecting pipe is arranged along the dam axis direction of the dam body, and the seepage guide and discharge pipe is perpendicular to the dam axis direction of the dam body.
In addition, the preferred scheme is that the drainage end of infiltration drainage guide pipe sets up the outside on the hillside, and be connected with infiltration collection and recovery plant at the drainage end of infiltration drainage guide pipe.
In addition, preferably, a valve is arranged at the water discharging end of the water seepage and drainage pipe.
In addition, the block stone infiltration discharging body is preferably composed of weathered rock with the grain diameter of 50mm-400 mm.
In addition, the preferable scheme is that the slope surfaces of the inner slope and the outer slope are provided with dry masonry slope protection layers.
In addition, the preferable scheme is that an upstream rock-fill material layer is arranged at the lower part of the impervious layer inside the inner slope; a downstream rock-fill material layer is arranged in the outer slope; a boundary slope is formed at the junction of the upstream rock-fill material layer and the downstream rock-fill material layer; the slope ratio of the interface slope is 1: 10.
in addition, a transition material layer is arranged between the dry masonry slope protection layer and the block stone seepage drainage body; and/or a transition material layer is arranged between the block stone seepage-discharging body and the impermeable layer; and/or a transition material layer is arranged between the lower part of the impermeable layer and the upstream rock-fill material layer.
In addition, it is preferable that the barrier layer includes a first barrier layer and a second barrier layer; the bottom end of the first impermeable layer is connected with the impermeable layer in the storage, and the upper end of the first impermeable layer is connected with the second impermeable layer; one end of the second impermeable layer is connected with the first impermeable layer, and the other end of the second impermeable layer is connected with the dam surface seepage collecting ditch; the slope ratio of the side slope of the first impermeable layer is 1: 2-1: 2.5; the slope ratio of the side slope of the second impermeable layer is 0.05-0.1.
Further, it is preferable that the slope ratio of the inner slope is 1: 2-1: 2.5.
according to the technical scheme, the initial dam of the tailings reservoir is provided with the anti-seepage layer in the dam body close to the inner slope side in an inclined mode, the bottom end of the anti-seepage layer is connected with the anti-seepage layer in the reservoir, and the upper end of the anti-seepage layer is connected with the dam surface seepage collection ditch, so that the integrity of an anti-seepage system is guaranteed; the rock block seepage drainage bodies are arranged between the seepage-proofing layer and the slope surface of the inner slope and between the seepage-proofing layer and the dam crest, so that the effect of a drainage prism body is achieved, the seepage of tailings in a reservoir area can be rapidly guided and drained, and the burial depth of a seepage line in the stacked dam is reduced; the seepage water collecting device is arranged at the bottom of the block stone seepage drainage body, and the seepage water is guided and drained into seepage water collecting and recycling equipment at the downstream of the dam body; on the premise of ensuring the integrity of an anti-seepage system, the invention does not need to additionally increase the engineering measure of reducing the burial depth of the infiltration line of the accumulation dam, thereby not only reducing the engineering investment and the operation cost, but also improving the safety of the upstream tailing dam.
To the accomplishment of the foregoing and related ends, one or more aspects of the invention comprise the features hereinafter fully described. The following description and the annexed drawings set forth in detail certain illustrative aspects of the invention. These aspects are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of the invention may be employed. Further, the present invention is intended to include all such aspects and their equivalents.
Drawings
Other objects and results of the present invention will become more apparent and more readily appreciated as the same becomes better understood by reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a primary dam of a tailings pond according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a plan layout view of a primary dam of a tailings pond according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of portion A of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a portion B of fig. 1.
In the attached drawing, 1-a dam body, 11-a dam crest, 111-a dam face seepage water collecting ditch, 112-a dam face seepage water guide and discharge pipe, 12-an outer slope, 121-a downstream rock-fill material layer, 13-an inner slope, 131-an upstream rock-fill material layer, 2-outside the reservoir, 3-inside the reservoir, 4-an impermeable layer, 41-a first impermeable layer 42-a second impermeable layer, 5-a block stone seepage drainage body, 61-a seepage water collecting pipe, 62-a seepage water guide and discharge pipe, 63-a valve, 7-a dry building stone slope protection layer, 8-an interface slope and 9-a transition material layer.
The same reference numbers in all figures indicate similar or corresponding features or functions.
Detailed Description
In the following description, for purposes of explanation, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of one or more embodiments. It may be evident, however, that such embodiment(s) may be practiced without these specific details.
Aiming at the problems that in order to ensure the integrity of an anti-seepage system, the conventional tailing pond initial dam constructed by upstream tailings needs to additionally increase engineering measures for reducing the burial depth of a seepage line of a stacking dam, the engineering investment is increased, the operation cost is increased and the like, the tailing pond initial dam is provided.
Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to illustrate the initial dam of the tailings pond, provided by the invention, fig. 1 shows the cross-sectional structure of the initial dam of the tailings pond according to the embodiment of the invention; figure 2 shows a plan layout of a tailings pond initial dam according to an embodiment of the invention; FIG. 3 shows a thumbnail structure of portion A of FIG. 1; fig. 4 shows a large-scale pattern structure of the portion B of fig. 1.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the initial dam of the tailing pond provided by the invention comprises a dam body 1, wherein the dam body 1 comprises a dam crest 11, an outer slope 12 arranged outside the pond 2 and an inner slope 13 connected with the pond 3, and a dam facing seepage water collecting ditch 111 is arranged on one side of the dam crest 11 close to the outer slope 12; an impermeable layer 4 is obliquely arranged in the dam body 1 close to the inner slope 13 side, the bottom end of the impermeable layer 4 is connected with the impermeable layer in the reservoir, and the upper end of the impermeable layer 4 is connected with a dam surface seepage water collecting ditch 111; block stone seepage-discharging bodies 5 are arranged between the seepage-proofing layer 4 and the slope surface of the inner slope 13 and between the seepage-proofing layer 4 and the dam crest 11; and a seepage water collecting device is arranged at the bottom of the block stone seepage drainage body 5.
The impermeable layer 4 is obliquely arranged in the dam body 1 close to the inner slope 13 side, the bottom end of the impermeable layer 4 is connected with the impermeable layer in the reservoir, and the upper end of the impermeable layer 4 is connected with the dam surface seepage water collecting ditch 111, so that the integrity of an impermeable system is ensured; the rock block seepage drainage body 5 is arranged between the slope surfaces of the impervious layer 4 and the inner slope 13 and between the impervious layer 4 and the dam crest 11, so that the function of a drainage prism is achieved, the tailing seepage of a reservoir area can be rapidly guided and drained, and the burial depth of a seepage line in the stacked dam is reduced; the seepage water collecting device is arranged at the bottom of the block stone seepage drainage body 5, and seepage water is guided and drained to seepage water collecting and recycling equipment at the downstream of the dam body; on the premise of ensuring the integrity of an anti-seepage system, the invention does not need to additionally increase the engineering measure of reducing the burial depth of the infiltration line of the accumulation dam, thereby not only reducing the engineering investment and the operation cost, but also improving the safety of the upstream tailing dam.
The impermeable layer 4 is made of an artificial synthetic material and mainly adopts a geomembrane, the upper part of the geomembrane can be provided with a composite geotechnical drainage grid which is beneficial to drainage and seepage, and the lower part of the geomembrane can be provided with a bentonite blanket and the composite geotechnical drainage grid to protect the geomembrane.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the seepage water collecting device comprises a seepage water collecting pipe 61 arranged at the bottom of the stone seepage drainage body 5 and a seepage water guide and drainage pipe 62 connected with the seepage water collecting pipe 61; the seepage collecting pipe 61 is arranged along the dam axis direction of the dam body 1, and the seepage guide and discharge pipe 62 is arranged perpendicular to the dam axis direction of the dam body 1. The seepage collecting pipe 61 is used for collecting seepage water in the rock block seepage drainage body 5, the seepage guide and discharge pipe 62 is arranged perpendicular to the dam axis of the dam body 1, penetrates through the impermeable layer 4 and is connected with the seepage collecting pipe 61, and the seepage water is guided and discharged to seepage water collecting and recycling equipment at the downstream of the dam body 1.
The seepage collecting pipe 61 is two collecting pipes which are separately arranged, so that the seepage draining effect can be improved; the seepage collecting pipe 61 is higher than the bottom of the rock block seepage drainage body 5, so that the bottom of the rock block seepage drainage body 5 is prevented from entering tailings, the seepage collecting pipe 61 is blocked, and the seepage drainage effect is not influenced.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the drainage end of the seepage drainage pipe 62 is disposed outside the outer slope 12, and the drainage end of the seepage drainage pipe 62 is connected to a seepage water collecting and recycling device. The water seepage guide and discharge pipe 62 penetrates through the impermeable layer 4 to be welded with the water seepage collecting pipe 61, two ends of the water seepage collecting pipe 61 are respectively connected with one water seepage guide and discharge pipe 62, and a pipe ditch is arranged outside the water seepage guide and discharge pipe 62 and used for protecting a pipeline. The seepage water is drained to the seepage water collecting and recycling device through the seepage water guide and drainage pipe 62. The seepage water collecting pipe 61 can be adopted
Figure BDA0002603449850000051
The perforated pipe is wrapped with geotextile and arranged in a pipe ditch; the water seepage and drainage pipe 62 can adopt
Figure BDA0002603449850000052
A tube disposed within the trench.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a valve 63 is provided at the water discharge end of the seepage water guide and discharge pipe 62. The discharge of the permeated water is facilitated by controlling the valve 63.
As a preferable mode of the invention, the stone infiltration discharging body 5 is composed of weathered stones with the grain diameter of 50mm-400 mm. The large-particle-size rock block is used for guiding and draining seepage water and reducing a seepage line of a stacking dam, and is preferably medium and slightly weathered stone.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the slope surfaces of the inner slope 13 and the outer slope 12 are both provided with the dry masonry slope protection layer 7. The dry masonry stone slope protection layer 7 is flat block stone and is used for protecting the dam slope outside the initial dam.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, an upstream rock-fill material layer 131 is provided at the lower portion of the impermeable layer 4 inside the inner slope 13; a downstream rock-fill material layer 121 is arranged inside the outer slope 12; an interface slope 8 is formed at the junction of the upstream rock-fill material layer 131 and the downstream rock-fill material layer 121; the slope ratio of the interface slope 8 is 1: 10. the upstream rock-fill material layer 131 is a medium and strong weathered stone, is the main structure of the dam body 1, further protects the impermeable layer 4, has a slightly lower physical and mechanical property index than the downstream rock-fill material layer 121, and can save the engineering investment. The downstream rock-fill material layer 121 is a medium-weathered rock material, is a main structure of the dam body 1, and plays a main role in anti-sliding stability of the dam body.
As the preferred scheme of the invention, a transition material layer 9 is arranged between the dry masonry slope protection layer 7 and the block stone infiltration discharging body 5; and/or a transition material layer 9 is arranged between the block stone infiltration discharging body 5 and the impermeable layer 4; and/or a transition layer 9 is arranged between the lower part of the barrier layer 4 and the upstream rock-fill layer 131. The material-dressing layer 9 is gravel and sand gravel, and prevents tailings from entering the stone block seepage-discharging body 5 or the protective impervious layer 4.
As a preferred version of the invention, the barrier layer 4 comprises a first barrier layer 41 and a second barrier layer 42; the bottom end of the first impermeable layer 41 is connected with an impermeable layer in the warehouse, and the upper end is connected with the second impermeable layer 42; one end of the second impermeable layer 42 is connected with the first impermeable layer 41, and the other end is connected with the dam seepage water collecting ditch 111; the slope ratio of the side slope of the first impermeable layer 41 is 1: 2-1: 2.5; the slope ratio of the side slope of the second impermeable layer 42 is 0.05-0.1. Through the structural design of the impermeable layer 4, the impermeable effect is better, and the design is more reasonable.
As a preferable aspect of the present invention, the slope ratio of the inner slope is 1: 2-1: 2.5. by adopting the inner slope ratio, the structure of the dam body 1 is more reasonable.
As the preferable scheme of the invention, the dam shoulders at both sides of the dam body 1 are provided with the dam facing seepage drainage guide pipe 112. Used for guiding and draining the seepage water in the seepage water collecting ditch 111 of the dam surface. The dam face seepage water collecting ditch 111 is arranged at the second platform position, away from the top of the dam crest 11, of the dam face of the outer slope 12, the impermeable layer 4 is fixed on the side wall of the dam face seepage water collecting ditch 111, the dam face seepage water collecting ditch 111 reaches the center point of the dam axis of the dam body 1 according to a certain gradient, and the two sides in the direction of the gradient are dam shoulders. The dam facing seepage water collecting ditch 111 is used for collecting seepage water in the rock block seepage drainage body 5 at the top of the dam in the initial stage.
According to the initial dam of the tailing pond, the impermeable layer is obliquely arranged inside the dam body close to the inner slope side, the bottom end of the impermeable layer is connected with the impermeable layer in the dam body, and the upper end of the impermeable layer is connected with the seepage collecting ditch on the dam surface, so that the integrity of the impermeable system is ensured; the rock block seepage drainage bodies are arranged between the seepage-proofing layer and the slope surface of the inner slope and between the seepage-proofing layer and the dam crest, so that the effect of a drainage prism body is achieved, the seepage of tailings in a reservoir area can be rapidly guided and drained, and the burial depth of a seepage line in the stacked dam is reduced; the seepage water collecting device is arranged at the bottom of the block stone seepage drainage body, and the seepage water is guided and drained into seepage water collecting and recycling equipment at the downstream of the dam body; on the premise of ensuring the integrity of an anti-seepage system, the invention does not need to additionally increase the engineering measure of reducing the burial depth of the infiltration line of the accumulation dam, thereby not only reducing the engineering investment and the operation cost, but also improving the safety of the upstream tailing dam.
The proposed tailings pond initial dam according to the present invention is described above by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made to the initial dam of the tailings pond proposed by the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the present invention should be determined by the contents of the appended claims.

Claims (10)

1. A tailing pond initial dam comprises a dam body, wherein the dam body comprises a dam crest, an outer slope arranged outside a pond and an inner slope connected with the inside of the pond,
one side of the dam crest close to the outer slope is provided with a dam face seepage water collecting ditch;
an impermeable layer is obliquely arranged in the dam body close to the inner slope side, the bottom end of the impermeable layer is connected with the impermeable layer in the reservoir, and the upper end of the impermeable layer is connected with the dam surface seepage water collecting ditch;
block stone seepage-discharging bodies are arranged between the seepage-proofing layer and the slope surface of the inner slope and between the seepage-proofing layer and the dam crest;
and a water seepage collecting device is arranged at the bottom of the block stone seepage draining body.
2. The tailings pond initial dam of claim 1,
the seepage water collecting device comprises a seepage water collecting pipe arranged at the bottom of the rock block seepage drainage body and a seepage water guide and drainage pipe connected with the seepage water collecting pipe;
the seepage collecting pipe is arranged along the dam axis direction of the dam body, and the seepage guide and discharge pipe is perpendicular to the dam axis direction of the dam body.
3. The tailings pond initial dam of claim 2,
the drainage end setting of infiltration calandria is in the outside of hillside outward, and the drainage end of infiltration calandria is connected with the infiltration and collects and recovery plant.
4. The tailings pond initial dam of claim 3,
and a valve is arranged at the water discharging end of the water seepage and drainage pipe.
5. The tailings pond initial dam of claim 1,
the block stone seepage-discharging body is composed of weathered stone with the grain diameter of 50mm-400 mm.
6. The tailings pond initial dam of claim 1,
and dry stone slope protection layers are arranged on the slope surfaces of the inner slope and the outer slope.
7. The tailings pond initial dam of claim 6,
an upstream rock-fill material layer is arranged at the lower part of the impermeable layer inside the inner slope;
a downstream rock-fill material layer is arranged in the outer slope;
a boundary slope is formed at the junction of the upstream rock-fill material layer and the downstream rock-fill material layer;
the slope ratio of the interface slope is 1: 10.
8. the tailings pond initial dam of claim 7,
a transition material layer is arranged between the dry masonry slope protection layer and the block stone seepage drainage body; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
a transition material layer is arranged between the block stone seepage-discharging body and the impermeable layer; and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
a transition material layer is arranged between the lower part of the impermeable layer and the upstream rock-fill material layer.
9. The tailings pond initial dam of claim 1,
the barrier layer comprises a first barrier layer and a second barrier layer;
the bottom end of the first impermeable layer is connected with the impermeable layer in the storage, and the upper end of the first impermeable layer is connected with the second impermeable layer;
one end of the second impermeable layer is connected with the first impermeable layer, and the other end of the second impermeable layer is connected with the dam surface seepage collecting ditch;
the slope ratio of the side slope of the first impermeable layer is 1: 2-1: 2.5;
the slope ratio of the side slope of the second impermeable layer is 0.05-0.1.
10. The tailings pond initial dam of claim 1,
the slope ratio of the inner slope is 1: 2-1: 2.5.
CN202010731382.0A 2020-07-27 2020-07-27 Initial dam of tailing pond Pending CN111893957A (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112900369A (en) * 2021-01-15 2021-06-04 东北大学 Tailing storehouse row oozes reinforced structure

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CN201334669Y (en) * 2008-12-11 2009-10-28 贵阳铝镁设计研究院 Anchoring structure of tailings reservoir preliminary dam top leakproof geomembrane
CN103953008A (en) * 2014-04-25 2014-07-30 化工部长沙设计研究院 Modified mixed dam applicable to tailings ponds
CN105926576A (en) * 2016-04-29 2016-09-07 铜陵有色金属集团股份有限公司冬瓜山铜矿 Method for accelerating tailing pulp dewatering and consolidating in upstream method milltailing alluviation dam building
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CN212612309U (en) * 2020-07-27 2021-02-26 中国恩菲工程技术有限公司 Initial dam of tailing pond

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112900369A (en) * 2021-01-15 2021-06-04 东北大学 Tailing storehouse row oozes reinforced structure

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