CN111892908A - Dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111892908A
CN111892908A CN202010929617.7A CN202010929617A CN111892908A CN 111892908 A CN111892908 A CN 111892908A CN 202010929617 A CN202010929617 A CN 202010929617A CN 111892908 A CN111892908 A CN 111892908A
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protein
soybean
adhesive
wood adhesive
dual
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杨秀清
闫高阳
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Shanxi University
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Shanxi University
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J189/00Adhesives based on proteins; Adhesives based on derivatives thereof
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/02Non-macromolecular additives
    • C09J11/04Non-macromolecular additives inorganic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/02Non-macromolecular additives
    • C09J11/06Non-macromolecular additives organic
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09JADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
    • C09J11/00Features of adhesives not provided for in group C09J9/00, e.g. additives
    • C09J11/08Macromolecular additives
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/18Oxygen-containing compounds, e.g. metal carbonyls
    • C08K3/20Oxides; Hydroxides
    • C08K3/22Oxides; Hydroxides of metals
    • C08K2003/2206Oxides; Hydroxides of metals of calcium, strontium or barium
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C08L2205/025Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group containing two or more polymers of the same hierarchy C08L, and differing only in parameters such as density, comonomer content, molecular weight, structure
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wood adhesives, and particularly relates to a dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dissolving soybean protein or protein mixture mainly containing soybean protein in water, adding alkaline hydroxide to adjust pH to 7-11, and stirring at 50 deg.C for 2 hr to obtain vegetable protein solution; adding urea and protease, stirring at 37 deg.C for 3h or 4 deg.C overnight; and (4) homogenizing under high pressure to obtain the wood adhesive. The formula of the enzyme modified soybean-based wood adhesive only contains protein, low-concentration weak base and urea, and the problem of formaldehyde release is solved from the source; the water resistance of the adhesive is improved by enzyme crosslinking, and the urea enables high molecular weight protein molecules after enzyme crosslinking to be unfolded, so that the contact area with wood is increased, the adhesive force is enhanced, and better shear strength is shown; the adhesive disclosed by the invention is environment-friendly and pollution-free in formula, and meanwhile, the dependence on petrochemical raw materials is reduced.

Description

Dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of wood adhesives, and particularly relates to a dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, the adhesive with the largest use amount in the artificial board is still 'three-aldehyde glue', namely urea-formaldehyde glue, phenolic glue and melamine formaldehyde glue, however, the wood product prepared by applying the three-aldehyde glue can release formaldehyde gas; the annual news report shows that the formaldehyde content in house decoration exceeds the standard, the release period is as long as 5-15 years, and the formaldehyde is a chemical substance which is toxic, carcinogenic and malformation-causing to human bodies. In the list of carcinogens published by the world health organization international agency for research on cancer, formaldehyde is placed on a list of carcinogens.
In recent years, with the increase of international market competition pressure, the environmental protection grade of the artificial boards is continuously improved, and the environmental protection consciousness of global citizens to home life is continuously enhanced, and a plurality of domestic artificial board manufacturers are concerned with the development and popularization of environmental protection products and occupy certain market positions. Although many synthetic resins with low trace formaldehyde emission are being developed, many complex problems arise during the research process. In addition, as the energy crisis of all countries in the world continuously appears, the price of the synthetic resin is continuously increased, the research cost is higher, the product competition is weak, and the manufacturers are difficult to break through the bottleneck of export. Therefore, under various pressures in the present society, wood adhesives modified or modified with renewable materials, particularly with grain-based seed proteins, have become a research hotspot of researchers. There are patents (200710164080.4, 201910064132.3, 201910147935.5, 201910336245.5) which disclose adhesives based on soy as a material and use propylene oxide, ethylene triamine, glutaraldehyde, polyisocyanate, etc. as a crosslinking agent for soy protein to increase adhesive strength, but these adhesives are carcinogenic, toxic, flammable, or irritating to eyes and skin, which is contrary to the needs and environmental protection concept. Therefore, it is a trend to find adhesives using biomass as a crosslinking agent or an auxiliary material for increasing adhesive strength and using vegetable protein as a main material.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the existing adhesive has large formaldehyde release amount, is harmful to human health, has high manufacturing cost, poor process applicability, no product competitiveness, large harmfulness of the used cross-linking agent and the like, the invention provides the double-modified soybean-based wood adhesive and the preparation method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 9-12% of soybean protein, 0.3-1% of alkaline hydroxide, 0.001-0.005% of protease, 3-12% of urea and the balance of water.
Further, the soy protein is soy protein or a protein mixture; the protein mixture is composed of soybean protein and one of whey protein, broomcorn millet gluten protein, peanut protein, zein and cassava crude protein in a mass ratio of 10-20: 1;
the alkaline hydroxide is IA group alkali metal hydroxide or IIA alkaline earth metal hydroxide;
the protease is protein cross-linking enzyme or direct cross-linking enzyme.
Still further, the raw material of the soybean protein is soybean protein isolate; the alkaline hydroxide is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide; the protease is tyrosinase, laccase, peroxidase or transglutaminase.
A preparation method of a dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive is characterized by comprising the following steps: taking the bean protein and the water according to the mass percentage in the claim 1, respectively, dissolving the bean protein in the water, taking the alkali hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the solution to 7-11, stirring for 2h at 50 ℃ to form a large protein solution, adding the urea to dissolve for 10min, then adding the protease, stirring for 3h or 4 ℃ overnight at 37 ℃, and homogenizing under high pressure to obtain the wood adhesive.
Further, the pressure of the high-pressure homogenization is as follows: the low pressure is 25MPa, the volume is 100mL, and the temperature is 4 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive disclosed by the invention is composed of soybean protein, alkaline hydroxide, protease, urea and water, does not contain formaldehyde and analogues thereof, is an environment-friendly and pollution-free formaldehyde-free adhesive, and solves the problem that formaldehyde is released to harm human health from the source.
2. The urea or the derivative thereof has oxygen atoms and hydrogen atoms, and can act with hydroxyl groups of protein, so that high molecular weight protein molecules after enzyme crosslinking are unfolded, the contact area of the unfolded protein molecules and wood is increased, the adhesive force is enhanced, and the high-molecular-weight protein adhesive shows better shear strength and water resistance.
3. The double-modified soybean-based wood adhesive disclosed by the invention is subjected to double modification by enzyme and urea, and has the advantages of simple formula and preparation process, environmental friendliness, no pollution, human body friendliness, good component compatibility, greatly improved adhesive strength and water resistance and good stability.
4. The enzyme modified protein wood adhesive disclosed by the invention is mainly made of renewable soybean protein isolate powder, is beneficial to solving the problem of exhaustion of petrochemical raw materials used in plywood, greatly reduces the dependence degree of the adhesive on petrochemical raw materials, and accords with the principles of environment protection and sustainable development.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The invention relates to a dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass, and each 100 g of the dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive comprises: 9% of soybean protein isolate, 0.3% of sodium hydroxide, 0.001% of tyrosinase, 3% of urea and the balance of water.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a double-modified soybean-based wood adhesive, which comprises the steps of respectively taking soybean protein isolate and water, dissolving the soybean protein isolate in the water, taking sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the solution to 8, stirring at 50 ℃ for 2 hours to form a soybean protein solution, adding urea to dissolve for 10min, then adding tyrosinase, stirring at 37 ℃ for 3 hours, and homogenizing under the conditions of pressure of 25MPa (3626psi), volume of 100mL and temperature of 4 ℃ to obtain the wood adhesive.
Example 2
The invention relates to a dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass, and each 100 g of the dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive comprises: 10 percent of mixture composed of soybean protein and whey protein in a mass ratio of 20:1, 0.4 percent of potassium hydroxide, 0.004 percent of laccase, 5 percent of urea and the balance of water.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a double-modified soybean-based wood adhesive, which comprises the steps of respectively taking a mixture of soybean protein and whey protein in a mass ratio of 10:1 and water, dissolving the mixture of the soybean protein and the whey protein in a mass ratio of 10:1 in the water, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 9 by taking 0.4% of potassium hydroxide in percentage by mass, stirring the solution at 50 ℃ for 2 hours to form a soybean protein solution, adding urea to dissolve the soybean protein solution for 10 minutes, adding laccase, stirring the solution at 37 ℃ for 3 hours, and homogenizing the mixture at a pressure of 25MPa (3626psi), a volume of 100mL and a temperature of 4 ℃ under high pressure to obtain the wood adhesive.
Example 3
The invention relates to a dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass, and each 100 g of the dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive comprises: 12% of soybean protein and husked millet gluten protein in a mass ratio of 10:1, 0.5% of calcium hydroxide, 0.005% of peroxidase, 12% of urea and the balance of water.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive, which comprises the steps of respectively taking a mixture of soybean protein and husked millet gluten and water, dissolving the mixed protein in the water, taking calcium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the solution to 9.5, stirring for 2 hours at 50 ℃ to form a soybean protein solution, adding urea to dissolve for 10 minutes, adding peroxidase, standing overnight at 4 ℃, and homogenizing under the conditions of pressure of 25MPa (3626psi), volume of 100mL and temperature of 4 ℃ to obtain the wood adhesive.
Example 4
The invention relates to a dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass, and each 100 g of the dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive comprises: 9 percent of soybean protein isolate and whey protein in a mass ratio of 10:1, 0.3 percent of calcium hydroxide, 0.001 percent of transglutaminase, 4 percent of urea and the balance of water.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a double-modified soybean-based wood adhesive, which comprises the steps of respectively taking a mixture formed by soybean protein isolate and whey protein and water, dissolving the mixture formed by the soybean protein isolate and the whey protein in the water, taking calcium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the solution to 9, stirring for 2 hours at 50 ℃ to form a soybean protein solution, adding urea to dissolve for 10 minutes, adding transglutaminase, stirring for 3 hours at 37 ℃, and homogenizing under high pressure at 4 ℃ under the conditions of 25MPa (3626psi) of pressure, 100mL of volume and 25 ℃ of pressure to obtain the wood adhesive.
Example 5
The invention relates to a dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass, and each 100 g of the dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive comprises: the composition comprises a mixture of 11% of soybean protein isolate and husked millet gluten protein in a mass ratio of 15:1, 0.5% of potassium hydroxide, 0.002% of laccase, 6% of urea and the balance of water.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a double-modified soybean-based wood adhesive, which comprises the steps of respectively taking a mixture formed by soybean protein isolate and husked millet gluten and water, dissolving the mixture formed by the soybean protein isolate and the husked millet gluten in the water, taking potassium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the solution to be 8, stirring for 2 hours at 50 ℃ to form a soybean protein solution, adding urea to dissolve for 10 minutes, adding laccase, standing overnight at 4 ℃, and homogenizing under the conditions of 25MPa (3626psi) of pressure, 100mL of volume and 4 ℃ of temperature under high pressure to obtain the wood adhesive.
Example 6
The invention relates to a dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass, and each 100 g of the dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive comprises: 12 percent of soybean protein isolate and zein, 0.4 percent of calcium hydroxide, 0.005 percent of peroxidase, 9 percent of urea and the balance of water, wherein the mass ratio of the soybean protein isolate to the zein is 20: 1.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive, which comprises the steps of respectively taking a mixture formed by soybean protein isolate and zein and water, dissolving the mixture formed by the soybean protein isolate and the zein in the water, taking calcium hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the solution to be 9.5, stirring for 2 hours at 50 ℃ to form a soybean protein solution, adding urea to dissolve for 10 minutes, adding peroxidase, stirring for 3 hours at 37 ℃, and homogenizing under the conditions of pressure of 25MPa (3626psi), volume of 100mL and temperature of 4 ℃ under high pressure to obtain the wood adhesive.
Comparative example 1
8 g of soy protein isolate is dissolved in 96 g of water and stirred for 2h at 50 ℃ until the protein is completely and evenly distributed in the water, and the solution is directly used as a viscose for the bonding of wood.
Comparative example 2
8 g of soy protein isolate is dissolved in 96 g of water, stirred for 2h at 50 ℃ until the protein is completely and uniformly distributed in the water, and sodium hydroxide (0.05 g) is taken to adjust the pH value of the solution to 7, and the solution is directly used as a viscose for bonding wood.
Comparative examples 1-2 are soy-based mucilages prepared using conventional methods.
Comparative example 3
The urea-formaldehyde resin adhesive commonly used in the manufacture of artificial boards is adopted.
Comparative example 4
The melamine resin adhesive commonly used in the manufacture of artificial boards is adopted.
Adhesive performance evaluation:
a basswood plate is sawed according to GB/T9846.7-2004;
size of the sample: 100mm × 25 mm; the sizing area is 25mm multiplied by 25mm,
the thickness of the single plate is 1.5mm, and the water content is 81.2%; the glue coating amount is 480g/m2
The hot pressing process conditions are as follows: the pressure is 1.0-1.2MPa, the temperature is 140-150 ℃, and the time is 10 min.
The bonding strength is measured by bonding, solidifying and cooling the basswood board to room temperature, immersing the basswood board in warm water (60 +/-3 ℃) for 3 hours, cooling the basswood board for 10 minutes at the room temperature, and averaging 10 samples in each group.
Plywood bonding strength test: the bonding strength is an important index for evaluating the bonding strength of the adhesive, and the bonding strength of the adhesive is better when the test result is a mean value according to the national standard GB/T14074-
Testing the impregnation stripping performance of the plywood: the dipping and peeling performance is an important index for evaluating the water resistance of the adhesive, the measurement method is based on the national standard GB/T17657-2013 of the people's republic of China, the test result is a mean value, and the smaller the numerical value of the test result is, the better the water resistance of the adhesive is.
Testing the content of free formaldehyde: according to the detection of the national standard GB/T14074-.
The test results are shown in table 1 below:
table 1 performance quality index table of adhesive
Detecting items Bonding strength/MPa Rate of exfoliation by dipping Free formaldehyde
Example 1 1.95 0 0
Example 2 2.03 0 0
Example 3 1.54 0 0
Example 4 2.45 0 0
Example 5 1.89 0 0
Example 6 1.46 0 0
Comparative example 1 0.65 50% 0
Comparative example 2 0.96 30% 0
Comparative example 3 0.97 30% 4.9
Comparative example 4 1.02 30% 0.67
Experimental results show that the bonding strength of the plywood prepared by the bean pulp-based enzyme-urea modified adhesive is obviously higher than that of the bean pulp adhesive before modification, the bonding strength is more than 1.00MPa according to the detection of a II-type plywood, some of the bonding strength reaches 2.45MPa, the standard requirement of the plywood is met, and the reinforcing effect is obvious. Meanwhile, the formaldehyde emission of the modified adhesive is 0, and the modified adhesive is high in water resistance.
The embodiments are described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments and examples, and various changes and modifications within the knowledge of those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive is characterized in that: comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 9-12% of soybean protein, 0.3-1% of alkaline hydroxide, 0.001-0.005% of protease, 3-12% of urea and the balance of water.
2. The dual modified soy-based wood adhesive of claim 1, wherein: the soy protein is soy protein or a protein mixture; the protein mixture is composed of soybean protein and one of whey protein, broomcorn millet gluten protein, peanut protein, zein and cassava crude protein in a mass ratio of 10-20: 1;
the alkaline hydroxide is IA group alkali metal hydroxide or IIA alkaline earth metal hydroxide;
the protease is protein cross-linking enzyme or direct cross-linking enzyme.
3. The dual modified soy-based wood adhesive of claim 2, wherein: the raw material of the soybean protein is soybean protein isolate; the alkaline hydroxide is sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or calcium hydroxide; the protease is tyrosinase, laccase, peroxidase or transglutaminase.
4. A preparation method of a dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive is characterized by comprising the following steps: taking the bean protein and the water according to the mass percentage in the claim 1, respectively, dissolving the bean protein in the water, taking the alkali hydroxide to adjust the pH value of the solution to 7-11, stirring for 2h at 50 ℃ to form a large protein solution, adding the urea to dissolve for 10min, then adding the protease, stirring for 3h or 4 ℃ overnight at 37 ℃, and homogenizing under high pressure to obtain the wood adhesive.
5. The preparation method of the dual modified soy-based wood adhesive according to claim 4, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: the pressure of the high-pressure homogenization is as follows: the low pressure is 25MPa, the volume is 100mL, and the temperature is 4 ℃.
CN202010929617.7A 2020-01-08 2020-09-07 Dual-modified soybean-based wood adhesive and preparation method thereof Withdrawn CN111892908A (en)

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CN111793464B (en) * 2020-07-14 2021-12-07 南宁雄晋生物科技有限公司 Method for producing soybean-based protein glue by enzyme method modified soybean meal and application thereof
CN113105847B (en) * 2021-03-24 2022-07-05 北京林业大学 Protein-based adhesive as well as preparation method and application thereof

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