CN111889764B - Method and device for measuring milling part allowance based on ultrasonic wave - Google Patents

Method and device for measuring milling part allowance based on ultrasonic wave Download PDF

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CN111889764B
CN111889764B CN202010551472.1A CN202010551472A CN111889764B CN 111889764 B CN111889764 B CN 111889764B CN 202010551472 A CN202010551472 A CN 202010551472A CN 111889764 B CN111889764 B CN 111889764B
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measuring
distance measuring
ultrasonic distance
ultrasonic
edge strip
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CN111889764A (en
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姜振喜
宋戈
李卫东
孙超
赵中刚
王伟
易晓满
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Chengdu Aircraft Industrial Group Co Ltd
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Chengdu Aircraft Industrial Group Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C3/00Milling particular work; Special milling operations; Machines therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23CMILLING
    • B23C9/00Details or accessories so far as specially adapted to milling machines or cutter

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices Characterised By Use Of Acoustic Means (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for measuring milling part allowance based on ultrasonic waves, which comprises the following steps: a. at the bottom of the knife bodyPart installation ultrasonic ranging sensor A and ultrasonic ranging sensor B: b. c, in the step b, measuring the web surface by an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A to form a circular path to obtain a vertical distance value, d, calculating the measured value of the web surface allowanceQ v(ii) a e. In step b, the distance value of the finishing edge strip is measured to bel 1,Measuring the distance value of the rough edge strip asl 2F, calculating the measured value of margin of the edge stripQ h(ii) a g. Comparison ofQ vAndQ hand if the deviation exceeds the tolerance band, the milling is suspended, and if the deviation does not exceed the tolerance band, the milling is continued, so that the problem that the error of the machining allowance in the part milling process caused by the abnormity in the production process cannot be detected is solved.

Description

Method and device for measuring milling part allowance based on ultrasonic wave
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of numerical control machining, and particularly relates to a method and a device for measuring milling part allowance based on ultrasonic waves.
Background
Due to the characteristics of large-scale, complicated and high-precision aviation structural parts and the like, the numerical control machining process of the structural parts adopts a mode of separating rough machining and finish machining, wherein the rough machining process mainly aims to remove most of allowance, and the finish machining process is used for machining and forming the final surface of a part. Because the rough machining parameters and the precision requirements are different, the rough machining and the finish machining processes generally adopt machine tools with different structural forms for machining, and in a collaborative manufacturing mode, even the rough machining and the finish machining are produced in different plants or enterprises, theoretically, the allowance left after the rough machining is controlled by programming a rough machining program, but in the actual production flow, due to reasons of wrong programming, wrong use of program versions, wrong program modification of process personnel and the like, the allowance left by the part is different from the theoretical set allowance in the part finish machining process, if the actual allowance is larger than the set allowance, the cutting allowance of the cutter is too large, severe cutter abrasion or cutting vibration is caused, the part is milled and scrapped seriously, and the risk caused by the overlarge allowance after the rough machining of the part still exists.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method and a device for measuring the milling part allowance based on ultrasonic waves, and solves the problem that the machining allowance error in the part milling process cannot be detected due to the abnormity of the production process.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A method and a device for measuring the allowance of a milling part based on ultrasonic waves comprise the following steps:
a. the ultrasonic ranging sensor A and the ultrasonic ranging sensor B are arranged at the bottom of the cutter body, the ultrasonic ranging sensors A are vertically arranged, and the ultrasonic ranging sensors B are obliquely arranged;
b. the cutter handle rotates, and a cutter on the cutter body rotates to mill a part, wherein the part comprises a web surface and a flange strip;
c. in the step b, when the web surface is milled, a finish machining web surface and a rough machining web surface are formed on the web surface, the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A rotates along with the cutter body, the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A measures the web surface to form a circular path, a vertical distance value is obtained, the vertical distance value is y, and y comprises y1And y2The y1 is the distance value of the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A for vertically measuring the surface of the finished web, and the y2 is the distance value of the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A for vertically measuring the surface of the rough web;
d. calculating a measurement Q of web plane marginvThe calculation formula is as follows:
Qv=y1-y2
e. in step b, when the edge strip is milled, the edge strip is provided with a fine processing edge strip and a rough processing edge stripProcessing the edge strip, respectively measuring the finish machining edge strip and the rough machining edge strip by two inclined ultrasonic distance measuring sensors B, wherein the distance value for measuring the finish machining edge strip is l1Measuring the distance value of the rough-machining edge strip as l2The included angle between the measuring direction of the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor B and the horizontal plane is theta1The included angle between the measuring directions of the two ultrasonic distance measuring sensors B is theta2
f. Calculating a measurement Q of marginhThe calculation formula is as follows:
Qh=|l1-l2|Cosθ1Cosθ2
g. comparison QvAnd QhAnd if the deviation exceeds the tolerance band, the milling is suspended, and if the deviation does not exceed the tolerance band, the milling is continued.
The device is characterized by further comprising a signal receiver, measurement software and an industrial personal computer, wherein a sensor module is installed on the cutter body, and the sensor module is used for detecting y1、y2、l1And l2After the acquisition, the data are transmitted to measurement software and an industrial personal computer through a sensor module, and the measurement software and the industrial personal computer calculate QvAnd Qh
The tolerance band is placed into the NC program of the web and bead feature by an identification code.
The utility model provides a device based on ultrasonic measurement mills part surplus, includes the handle of a knife, be connected with the cutter body on the handle of a knife, the side of cutter body is provided with sensor module, and the bottom surface is connected with ultrasonic ranging sensor A and ultrasonic ranging sensor B, be connected with the cutter on the cutter body, ultrasonic ranging sensor A is perpendicular setting, ultrasonic ranging sensor B is two, and is the slope setting, ultrasonic ranging sensor B slope measurement direction is theta with the contained angle of horizontal plane1The included angle between the two ultrasonic distance measuring sensors B is theta2
And the sensor module transmits data to the measurement software and the industrial personal computer through the signal receiver.
And the two ultrasonic distance measuring sensors B are symmetrically arranged, and the measuring directions are flared outwards.
The invention has the beneficial effects.
1. The distance value between the finished web surface and the rough web surface is vertically measured by an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A, and then the measured value Q of the web surface allowance is calculatedvThen, the distance values of the finish machining edge strip and the rough machining edge strip are respectively measured by two ultrasonic distance measuring sensors B, and then the measured value Q of the margin of the edge strip is calculatedhThe machining allowance of the web and the edge strip is calculated through the measured value of the ultrasonic ranging tool handle, the measured value of the allowance and the theoretical value are compared to judge whether the machining process is abnormal or not, and the problem that the machining allowance error cannot be detected in the part milling process caused by the abnormal production process is solved.
2. The sensor module transmits data to the measurement software and the industrial personal computer through the signal receiver, so that the data can be rapidly and automatically calculated.
3. And data are transmitted to the signal receiver through a built-in wireless function of the sensor module, and then are input into measurement software and an industrial personal computer for processing and storing.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic ranging tool shank.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of ultrasonic ranging tool shank milling web.
Fig. 3 is a schematic of a web margin measurement.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of vertically arranged ultrasonic sensor signals.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an ultrasonic ranging tool shank milling bead.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of bead margin measurement.
The labels in the figure are: 1. handle of a knife, 2, sensor module, 3, cutter body, 4, ultrasonic ranging sensor A, 5, cutter, 6, ultrasonic ranging sensor B, 7, finish machining web face, 8, rough machining web face, 9, vertical distance value, 10, circular path, 11, finish machining border strip, 12, rough machining border strip, 13, slope distance value, 14, signal receiver, 15, measurement software and industrial computer.
Detailed Description
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a method and a device for measuring the allowance of a milling part based on ultrasonic waves comprise the following steps:
a. an ultrasonic ranging sensor A4 and an ultrasonic ranging sensor B6 are installed at the bottom of the cutter body 3, the ultrasonic ranging sensor A4 is vertically arranged, and the ultrasonic ranging sensors B6 are two obliquely arranged;
b. the cutter handle 1 rotates, and the cutter 5 on the cutter body 3 rotates to mill a part, wherein the part comprises a web surface and a flange strip;
c. in the step b, when the web surface is milled, a finished web surface 7 and a rough web surface 8 are formed on the web surface, the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A4 rotates along with the cutter body 3, the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A4 measures the web surface to form a circular path 10, a vertical distance value 9 is obtained, the vertical distance value 9 is y, and y comprises y1And y2Said y is1The distance value of the finished web surface 7 is vertically measured for an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A4, and the y2 is the distance value of the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A4 vertical to the rough-machined web surface 8;
d. calculating a measurement Q of web plane marginvThe calculation formula is as follows:
Qv=y1-y2
e. in the step B, when the edge strip is milled, the edge strip is provided with a fine machining edge strip 11 and a rough machining edge strip 12, the two inclined ultrasonic distance measuring sensors B6 respectively measure the fine machining edge strip 11 and the rough machining edge strip 12, and the distance value of the measured fine machining edge strip 11 is l1Measuring the distance value of the rough-machined bead 12 as l2The included angle between the measuring direction of the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor B6 and the horizontal plane is theta1The included angle between the measuring directions of the two ultrasonic distance measuring sensors B6 is theta2
f. Calculating a measurement Q of marginh(ii) a The calculation formula is as follows:
Qh=|l1-l2|Cosθ1Cosθ2
g. comparison QvAnd QhDeviation from theoretical valueIf the deviation exceeds the tolerance zone, the milling process is suspended, and if the deviation does not exceed the tolerance zone, the milling process is continued.
The device is characterized by further comprising a signal receiver 14, measuring software and an industrial personal computer 15, wherein the cutter body 3 is provided with a sensor module 2, and the sensor module 2 is used for detecting y1、y2、l1And l2After the acquisition, the data are transmitted to the measurement software and the industrial personal computer 15 through the sensor module 2, and the measurement software and the industrial personal computer 15 calculate QvAnd Qh
The tolerance band is placed into the NC program of the web and bead feature by an identification code.
The distance between the finished web surface 7 and the rough web surface 8 was measured vertically by an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A4, and then the measured value Q of the web surface allowance was calculatedvThen, the distance values of the finish machining edge strip 11 and the rough machining edge strip 12 are respectively measured by two ultrasonic distance measuring sensors B, and then the measured value Q of the edge strip allowance is calculatedhThe machining allowance of the web and the edge strip is calculated through the measured value of the ultrasonic ranging tool handle, and whether the machining process is abnormal or not is judged by comparing the measured value of the allowance with the theoretical value, so that the problem that the machining allowance error cannot be detected in the part milling process caused by the abnormality in the production process is solved.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, a method and a device for measuring the milling part allowance based on ultrasonic wave includes the following steps:
a. an ultrasonic ranging sensor A4 and an ultrasonic ranging sensor B6 are installed at the bottom of the cutter body 3, the ultrasonic ranging sensor A4 is vertically arranged, and the ultrasonic ranging sensors B6 are two obliquely arranged;
b. the cutter handle 1 rotates, and the cutter 5 on the cutter body 3 rotates to mill a part, wherein the part comprises a web surface and a flange strip;
c. in the step b, when the web surface is milled, a fine machining web surface 7 and a rough machining web surface 8 are formed on the web surface, the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A4 rotates along with the cutter body 3, the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A4 measures the web surface to form a circular path 10, a vertical distance value 9 is obtained, and the vertical distance value is obtainedA value of y from 9, said y comprising y1And y2Said y is1The distance value of the finished web surface 7 is vertically measured for an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A4, and the y2 is the distance value of the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A4 vertical to the rough-machined web surface 8;
d. calculating a measurement Q of web plane marginvThe calculation formula is as follows:
Qv=y1-y2
e. in the step B, when the edge strip is milled, the edge strip is provided with a fine machining edge strip 11 and a rough machining edge strip 12, the two inclined ultrasonic distance measuring sensors B6 respectively measure the fine machining edge strip 11 and the rough machining edge strip 12, and the distance value of the measured fine machining edge strip 11 is l1Measuring the distance value of the rough-machined bead 12 as l2The included angle between the measuring direction of the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor B6 and the horizontal plane is theta1The included angle between the measuring directions of the two ultrasonic distance measuring sensors B6 is theta2
f. Calculating a measurement Q of marginh(ii) a The calculation formula is as follows:
Qh=|l1-l2|Cosθ1Cosθ2
g. comparison QvAnd QhAnd if the deviation exceeds the tolerance band, the milling is suspended, and if the deviation does not exceed the tolerance band, the milling is continued.
The device is characterized by further comprising a signal receiver 14, measuring software and an industrial personal computer 15, wherein the cutter body 3 is provided with a sensor module 2, and the sensor module 2 is used for detecting y1、y2、l1And l2After the acquisition, the data are transmitted to the measurement software and the industrial personal computer 15 through the sensor module 2, and the measurement software and the industrial personal computer 15 calculate QvAnd Qh
The tolerance band is placed into the NC program of the web and bead feature by an identification code.
The device for measuring the milling part allowance based on ultrasonic waves comprises a cutter handle 1, wherein a cutter body 3 is connected to the cutter handle 1, a sensor module 2 is arranged on the side surface of the cutter body 3, and the bottom surface of the cutter body is connected with ultrasonic wavesRange finding sensor A4 and ultrasonic ranging sensor B6, be connected with cutter 5 on the cutter body 3, ultrasonic ranging sensor A4 is perpendicular setting, ultrasonic ranging sensor B6 is two, and is the slope setting, ultrasonic ranging sensor B6 slope measurement direction is theta with the contained angle of horizontal plane1The included angle between the measuring directions of the two ultrasonic distance measuring sensors B6 is theta2
The sensor module 2 transmits data to the measurement software and the industrial personal computer 15 through the signal receiver 14.
The two ultrasonic distance measuring sensors B6 are symmetrically arranged, and the measuring directions are outwards flared.
The distance between the finished web surface 7 and the rough web surface 8 was measured vertically by an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A4, and then the measured value Q of the web surface allowance was calculatedvThen, the distance values of the finish machining edge strip 11 and the rough machining edge strip 12 are respectively measured by two ultrasonic distance measuring sensors B, and then the measured value Q of the edge strip allowance is calculatedhThe machining allowance of the web and the edge strip is calculated through the measured value of the ultrasonic ranging tool handle, and whether the machining process is abnormal or not is judged by comparing the measured value of the allowance with the theoretical value, so that the problem that the machining allowance error cannot be detected in the part milling process caused by the abnormality in the production process is solved.
The sensor module transmits data to the measurement software and the industrial personal computer through the signal receiver, so that the data can be rapidly and automatically calculated.
And data are transmitted to the signal receiver through a built-in wireless function of the sensor module, and then are input into measurement software and an industrial personal computer for processing and storing.
The above embodiments only express specific embodiments of the present application, and the description is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical idea of the present application, several changes and modifications can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (5)

1. A method for measuring the allowance of a milling part based on ultrasonic waves is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
a. an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A (4) and an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor B (6) are arranged at the bottom of the cutter body (3), the ultrasonic distance measuring sensors A (4) are vertically arranged, and the ultrasonic distance measuring sensors B (6) are two in inclined arrangement;
b. the cutter handle (1) rotates, the cutter (5) on the cutter body (3) rotates to mill a part, and the part comprises a web surface and a flange strip;
c. in the step b, when the web surface is milled, a fine machining web surface (7) and a rough machining web surface (8) are formed on the web surface, the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A (4) rotates along with the cutter body (3), a circular path (10) is formed by the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A (4) through measurement of the web surface, a vertical distance value (9) is obtained, the vertical distance value (9) is y, and y comprises y1And y2The y1 is a distance value of the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A (4) for vertically measuring the finished web surface (7), and the y2 is a distance value of the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A (4) for vertically roughly processing the web surface (8);
d. calculating a measurement Q of web plane marginvThe calculation formula is as follows:
Qv=y1-y2
e. in the step B, when the edge strip is milled, a fine machining edge strip (11) and a rough machining edge strip (12) are formed on the edge strip, the two inclined ultrasonic distance measuring sensors B (6) respectively measure the fine machining edge strip (11) and the rough machining edge strip (12), and the distance value of the measured fine machining edge strip (11) is l1Measuring the distance value of the rough-machining edge strip (12) as l2The ultrasonic distance measuring sensor B (6) has an included angle theta between the measuring direction and the horizontal plane1The included angle between the measuring directions of the two ultrasonic distance measuring sensors B (6) is theta2
f. Calculating a measurement Q of marginh(ii) a The calculation formula is as follows:
Qh=|l1-l2|Cosθ1Cosθ2
g. comparison QvAnd QhDeviation from theoretical, if deviation exceeds tolerance band, pauseMilling, if the deviation does not exceed the tolerance zone, continuing milling;
the device for completing the method is a device for measuring the allowance of a milling part based on ultrasonic waves, and comprises a knife handle (1), wherein a knife body (3) is connected onto the knife handle (1), a sensor module (2) is arranged on the side surface of the knife body (3), an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor A (4) and an ultrasonic distance measuring sensor B (6) are connected to the bottom surface of the knife body (3), a knife (5) is connected onto the knife body (3), the ultrasonic distance measuring sensors A (4) are vertically arranged, the ultrasonic distance measuring sensors B (6) are arranged in an inclined manner, and the included angle formed by the inclined measuring direction of the ultrasonic distance measuring sensor B (6) and the horizontal plane is theta1The included angle between the measuring directions of the two ultrasonic distance measuring sensors B (6) is theta2
2. The method for ultrasonically measuring the milling part margin as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the device is characterized by further comprising a signal receiver (14), measurement software and an industrial personal computer (15), wherein a sensor module (2) is installed on the cutter body (3), and the sensor module (2) is used for driving y to move1、y2、l1And l2After being collected, the signals are transmitted to measurement software and an industrial personal computer (15) through a sensor module (2), and the measurement software and the industrial personal computer (15) calculate QvAnd Qh
3. The method for ultrasonically measuring the milling part margin as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the tolerance band is placed into the NC program of the web and bead feature by an identification code.
4. The method for ultrasonically measuring the milling part margin as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the sensor module (2) transmits data to the measurement software and the industrial personal computer (15) through the signal receiver (14).
5. The method for ultrasonically measuring the milling part margin as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the two ultrasonic distance measuring sensors B (6) are symmetrically arranged, and the measuring directions are flared outwards.
CN202010551472.1A 2020-06-17 2020-06-17 Method and device for measuring milling part allowance based on ultrasonic wave Active CN111889764B (en)

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JP2012053508A (en) * 2010-08-31 2012-03-15 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd Numerically controlled machine tool
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