CN111888947A - High-air-permeability air purification composite membrane, covering device and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-air-permeability air purification composite membrane, covering device and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111888947A CN111888947A CN202010937872.6A CN202010937872A CN111888947A CN 111888947 A CN111888947 A CN 111888947A CN 202010937872 A CN202010937872 A CN 202010937872A CN 111888947 A CN111888947 A CN 111888947A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D69/00—Semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus characterised by their form, structure or properties; Manufacturing processes specially adapted therefor
- B01D69/12—Composite membranes; Ultra-thin membranes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
- B01D46/54—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms
- B01D46/543—Particle separators, e.g. dust precipitators, using ultra-fine filter sheets or diaphragms using membranes
Abstract
The composite air purifying film with high air permeability comprises a non-woven fabric base material and a nano fiber film, wherein the non-woven fabric base material is formed by one side of a main fiber and a low-melting-point fiber material, the low-melting-point fiber material is a laminating side, and the nano fiber film and the non-woven fabric base material are laminated and thermally pressed and compounded. The composite film material non-woven fabric substrate is filled with low-melting-point fibers at the laminating side, the low-melting-point fibers are melted after being heated by the hot roller, the nanofiber film is only bonded with the low-melting-point fibers, the main fibers of the substrate non-woven fabric are not melt bonded with the nanofiber film, a large number of gaps exist between the nanofiber film and the non-woven fabric substrate, the pore passages of the nanofiber film can be effectively prevented from being blocked and damaged, and the air permeability loss of the nanofiber film after being laminated is reduced. The single-roller heating and pressure roller pressurizing mode is adopted in the laminating process, the laminating fastness of the nanofiber membrane and the non-woven fabric base material can be effectively enhanced, cold air is adopted for cooling immediately after laminating, and the situation that the low-melting-point fibers are continuously melted by waste heat and combined with the nanofiber membrane to damage a filtering pore channel can be prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of air purification, and particularly relates to a high-air-permeability air purification composite membrane, a laminating device and a preparation method of the composite membrane.
Background
With the rapid development of economy, the living standard of people is greatly improved, but the economic development brings very serious environmental problems, and the concentration of particulate matters in the air is greatly increased due to a large amount of residues discharged by combustion in the processes of industrial production, daily power generation, automobile exhaust emission and the like and various natural disasters such as volcanic eruption and the like, particularly PM2.5 particles (extremely fine particulate matters with the diameter of less than 2.5 microns in the air) have important influence on the air quality, the visibility and the like. Compared with the thicker atmospheric particulates, the fine particulates have small particle size, are rich in a large amount of toxic and harmful substances, have long retention time in the atmosphere and long conveying distance, and have larger influence on the human health and the atmospheric environmental quality. Studies have shown that smaller particles are more harmful to human health. The fine particles can drift to a far place, so the influence range is larger.
Air purification products and personal protection products become essential protective articles in people's daily life, and the air purification products include air purifier, new trend clarification plant etc. and have the domestic appliance equipment of the effect of getting rid of pollutant such as PM2.5, bacterium, virus in the air, and personal protective articles mainly refer to products such as gauze mask, protective clothing. The filtering material is the core of the equipment and plays a role in removing pollutants such as particulate matters, bacteria, viruses and the like, most of the currently used filtering materials are melt-blown materials, the fiber diameter is 1-10 mu m, the average pore diameter is 5-20 mu m, and in order to effectively remove fine particles such as PM2.5 and the like, the melt-blown materials are required to be filled with static electricity, and the pollutants are removed by the adsorption effect of the static electricity. However, the charged static electricity is easily neutralized and rapidly disappears during use, resulting in rapid decrease in the efficiency of the filter material.
Reduce filter material fiber diameter to nanometer level, can effectively reduce filter material's aperture, improve filter material's efficiency, but filter material resistance can obviously increase, in order to reduce filter resistance, needs corresponding reduction filter material thickness, processes filter material into film material promptly nanofiber membrane. The thickness of the nanofiber membrane is only 1-5 mu m, the nanofiber membrane cannot be directly used, the nanofiber membrane needs to be compounded on other large-aperture base materials, the processing strength is improved, most of the existing laminating methods are thermal compounding, namely, the base material fibers are heated to a molten state, the nanofiber membrane is tightly attached to the base materials by applying pressure, the air vent structure of the nanofiber membrane after attachment is blocked and damaged, the air vent loss is large, and the air vent structure is only 1/10-1/5 before lamination, so that the use of the nanofiber membrane is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention discloses a high-air-permeability air purification composite membrane, a laminating device and a preparation method thereof, which can effectively reduce the air permeability loss of the nanofiber membrane after lamination and improve the air permeability of a composite membrane material while enhancing the strength of the nanofiber membrane.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
the composite air purifying film with high air permeability includes non-woven base material and nanometer fiber film, the non-woven base material is formed by mixing main fiber side and low melting point fiber material, the low melting point fiber material is the laminating side, and the nanometer fiber film and the non-woven base material are laminated and compounded.
Further, the non-woven fabric base material is spun-bonded cloth, needle-punched cloth, spunlaced cloth or melt-blown cloth, is made of a fiber combination of different melting point materials of PP, PET, PPS, PI, PA, PES, EVA, TPU, PO and PTFE, and has a gram weight of 6-100g/m2The thickness is 10-500 μm, the low-melting-point fiber material accounts for 1-80% of the composite side, the nanofiber membrane material is PTFE, PP and PET, and the gram weight is 0.5-10g/m2The thickness is 1-5 μm, the average pore diameter is 0.1-3 μm, and the fiber diameter is 50-1000 nm.
Furthermore, both sides of the nanofiber membrane are coated with the non-woven fabric base material.
The high-air-permeability air purification composite membrane covering device comprises a first non-woven fabric discharging roller, a nanofiber membrane discharging roller, a second non-woven fabric discharging roller, a high-temperature winding roller, a pressure roller, an air cooling device, a tension adjusting roller and a winding roller, wherein the first non-woven fabric discharging roller, the nanofiber membrane discharging roller and the second non-woven fabric discharging roller are located on the same side of the high-temperature winding roller and are arranged up and down, the nanofiber membrane discharging roller is located between the first non-woven fabric discharging roller and the second non-woven fabric discharging roller, the pressure roller is located on the upper portion of the high-temperature winding roller, a gap between the two rollers is 10 mu m-0.5mm, the tension adjusting roller is located on the lower portion of the high-temperature winding roller, the air cooling device is located between the high-temperature winding roller and the tension adjusting roller, and the winding device is located on one side.
Furthermore, the high-temperature winding roller is made of stainless steel, the pressure roller is made of high-temperature-resistant rubber or plastic, the high-temperature winding roller is provided with a rotating speed adjusting device, and the pressure roller is a driven roller.
Furthermore, the air outlet temperature of the air cooling device is 25-50 ℃, and the width of the air outlet section is 0.5-2 m.
A method for preparing a high-air-permeability air purification composite membrane comprises the following steps:
step a: preparing a base material non-woven fabric, namely pre-forming a web of base material main fibers by adopting a needling, spun-bonding, spunlace or melt-blowing mode, mixing low-melting-point fibers on the pre-formed web, fully combining the low-melting-point fibers and the main fibers by adopting the needling, spun-bonding, spunlace or melt-blowing mode, and then carrying out single-side hot rolling and shaping on the main fiber side;
step b: preparing a nanofiber membrane, namely preparing the nanofiber membrane by adopting a two-way stretching, electrostatic spinning or melt-blowing mode and rolling;
step c: the prepared base material is arranged on a non-woven fabric discharging roller in a non-woven fabric non-woven manner, the nanofiber membrane is arranged on a nanofiber membrane discharging roller, the covered side of the non-woven fabric base material is opposite to the nanofiber membrane, the base material non-woven fabric and the nanofiber membrane together pass through a high-temperature winding roller, the tension is adjusted through a tension adjusting roller, and the base material non-woven fabric and the nanofiber membrane are wound on a winding roller after air cooling.
Furthermore, the single-side hot rolling setting temperature in the step a is 80-260 ℃, and the air cooling is rapidly carried out after the setting.
Furthermore, the winding tension of the nanofiber membrane in the step b is 0.1-10N.
Furthermore, in the step c, the temperature of the high-temperature winding roller is 70-200 ℃, the pressure between the pressure roller and the high-temperature winding roller is 0-1MPa, the speed of the high-temperature winding roller is 0.3-10m/min, the wrap angle of the non-woven fabric base material on the high-temperature winding roller is 30-180 degrees, and the tension of the composite film is 0.5-50N.
According to the high-air-permeability air purification composite membrane, the laminating device and the preparation method thereof, the low-melting-point fibers are filled in the laminating side of the non-woven fabric substrate made of the composite membrane material, the low-melting-point fibers are melted after being heated by the hot roller, the nanofiber membrane is only bonded with the low-melting-point fibers, the main fibers of the non-woven fabric substrate are not melted and bonded with the nanofiber membrane, a large number of gaps are formed between the nanofiber membrane and the non-woven fabric substrate, so that the pore channels of the nanofiber membrane can be effectively prevented from being blocked and damaged, and the air permeability loss of the. The single-roller heating and pressure roller pressurizing mode is adopted in the laminating process, the laminating fastness of the nanofiber membrane and the non-woven fabric base material can be effectively enhanced, cold air cooling is adopted immediately after laminating, the situation that low-melting-point fibers are continuously melted by waste heat and combined with the nanofiber membrane to damage a filtering pore channel can be prevented, and the filtering resistance is increased.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a nonwoven fabric substrate according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an electron micrograph of the surface of the nonwoven fabric according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a single-layer nonwoven fabric substrate composite film according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a side electron microscope photograph of the single-layer nonwoven fabric substrate composite film of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a double-layer nonwoven fabric substrate composite film according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a laminating apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a process flow diagram of a cladding method according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1-first nonwoven fabric feeding roller, 2-nanofiber membrane feeding roller, 3-second nonwoven fabric feeding roller, 4-upper nonwoven fabric substrate, 401-primary fiber, 402-low melting point fiber, 5-nanofiber membrane, 6-lower nonwoven fabric substrate, 7-high temperature winding roller, 8-pressure roller, 9-air cooling device, 10-tension adjusting roller, 11-composite film, 1101-upper nonwoven fabric substrate primary fiber side, 1102-upper nonwoven fabric substrate laminating side, 1103-composite film nanofiber membrane layer, 1104-lower nonwoven fabric substrate primary fiber side, 1105-lower nonwoven fabric substrate laminating side, 12-wind-up roller.
Detailed Description
Example 1
A high air permeability air purification composite membrane 11, as shown in figure 4, comprises an upper non-woven fabric substrate layerAnd a nanofiber membrane layer 1103, wherein the side of the upper non-woven fabric substrate layer close to the nanofiber membrane layer 1103 is an upper non-woven fabric substrate composite side 1102, the other side is an upper non-woven fabric substrate main fiber side 1101, the used non-woven fabric substrate main fiber 401 is made of PET (polyethylene terephthalate), the melting point is 250 ℃, the low-melting-point fiber 402 is made of PA, the melting point is 125 ℃, the non-woven fabric substrate adopts a needling process, the content of PA fibers on the composite side is 1%, and the gram weight of the non-woven fabric substrate is 6g/m2The thickness is 10 mu m, the nano-fiber membrane is made of PTFE by biaxial tension, and the gram weight is 0.5g/m2Thickness 1 μm, mean pore diameter 3 μm, fiber diameter 50 nm.
The high-air-permeability air purification composite film covering device comprises a first non-woven fabric discharging roller 1, a nanofiber film discharging roller 2, a second non-woven fabric discharging roller 3, a high-temperature winding roller 7, a pressure roller 8, an air cooling device 9, a tension adjusting roller 10, a winding roller 11, a first non-woven fabric discharging roller 1, a nanofiber film discharging roller 2 and a second non-woven fabric discharging roller 3 which are located on the same side of the high-temperature winding roller 7 and are arranged up and down, the nanofiber film discharging roller 2 is located between the first non-woven fabric discharging roller 1 and the second non-woven fabric discharging roller 2, the pressure roller 8 is located above the high-temperature winding roller 7, a gap between the two rollers is 10 mu m, the tension adjusting roller 10 is located below the high-temperature winding roller 7, an air cooling device 9 is located between the high-temperature winding roller 7 and the tension adjusting roller 10, and a winding device 12 is located on one side of the tension adjusting roller 10.
The high-temperature winding roller 7 is made of stainless steel, the pressure roller 8 is made of high-temperature-resistant rubber or plastic, the high-temperature winding roller 7 is provided with a rotating speed adjusting device, and the pressure roller 8 is a driven roller. The air-out temperature of the air-cooling device is 25 ℃, and the width of the air-out section is 0.5 m.
The preparation method of the high-air-permeability air purification composite membrane comprises the following steps:
step a: preparing a base material non-woven fabric 4, pre-forming a base material main fiber 401 into a net by adopting a needling mode, mixing a low-melting-point PA fiber 402 on the surface of the pre-formed net, fully combining the low-melting-point PA fiber 402 and a PET main fiber 401 by adopting the needling mode, then carrying out single-side hot rolling shaping on the PET main fiber 401 side, wherein the single-side hot rolling shaping temperature is 240 ℃, and rapidly cooling by air after shaping.
Step b: and (3) preparing a nanofiber membrane 5, namely preparing the PTFE nanofiber membrane in a bidirectional stretching mode, rolling, and keeping the rolling tension at 0.1N.
Step c: arranging a prepared base material non-woven fabric 4 on a first non-woven fabric discharging roller 1, arranging a nanofiber membrane on a nanofiber membrane discharging roller 2, enabling the covered side of the non-woven fabric base material 4 to be opposite to the nanofiber membrane 5, enabling the base material non-woven fabric 4 and the nanofiber membrane 5 to pass through a high-temperature winding roller 7 together, obtaining a composite membrane 11 through hot-pressing compounding, cooling the composite membrane 11 through an air cooling device 9, adjusting the tension through a tension adjusting roller 10, and then winding the composite membrane on a winding roller 12. The temperature of the high-temperature winding roller 7 is 130 ℃, the pressure between the pressure roller 8 and the high-temperature winding roller 7 is 0MPa, the speed of the high-temperature winding roller 7 is 0.3m/min, the wrap angle of the non-woven fabric base material 4 on the high-temperature winding roller 7 is 30 degrees, and the tension of the composite film 11 is 0.5N. In the surface electron micrograph of the nonwoven fabric shown in FIG. 2, the thick bulk fibers are low-melting-point fibers on the coated side. Fig. 4 is an electron microscope photograph of the single-layer nonwoven fabric substrate composite film, in which the massive coarse fibers at the bottom of the nanofiber membrane material are low-melting-point fibers coated with the nanofiber membrane.
The air permeability of the high-permeability air purification composite membrane prepared by the embodiment can reach 10m/min @200Pa, and compared with a composite membrane material prepared by hot-pressing and laminating a traditional single-component non-woven fabric substrate, the air permeability can be improved by 1 time.
Example 2
The high-air-permeability air purification composite membrane 11 comprises an upper non-woven fabric substrate layer, a lower non-woven fabric substrate layer and a nanofiber membrane layer 1103, wherein the upper non-woven fabric substrate layer is an upper non-woven fabric substrate laminating side 1102 close to the nanofiber membrane layer 1103, the other side of the upper non-woven fabric substrate layer is an upper non-woven fabric substrate main fiber side 1101, the lower non-woven fabric substrate layer is a lower non-woven fabric substrate laminating side 1105 close to the nanofiber membrane layer 1103, and the other side of the lower non-woven fabric substrate main fiber side 1104.
The used main fiber 401 of the non-woven fabric base material is PP, the melting point is 150 ℃, the low-melting-point fiber 402 is TPU, the melting point is 80 ℃, the non-woven fabric base material adopts a spinning and bonding process, the content of TPU fiber on the clad side is 80%, and the gram weight of the non-woven fabric base material is 100g/m2The thickness is 500 mu m, the nano-fiber film is made of PET electrostatic spinningTo obtain a gram weight of 10g/m2Thickness 5 μm, mean pore diameter 0.1 μm, fiber diameter 1000 nm.
High air permeability air purification complex film covers closes device, including first non-woven fabrics blowing roll 1, nanofiber membrane blowing roll 2, second non-woven fabrics blowing roll 3, high temperature winding roller 7, pressure roller 8, air cooling device 9, tension adjusting roller 10, wind-up roll 11, first non-woven fabrics blowing roll 1, nanofiber membrane blowing roll 2, second non-woven fabrics blowing roll 3 are located high temperature winding roller 7 homonymy, and arrange from top to bottom, and nanofiber membrane blowing roll 2 is located between first non-woven fabrics blowing roll 1 and second non-woven fabrics blowing roll 2, and pressure roller 8 is located high temperature winding roller 7 upper portion, and the clearance 0.5mm between the two rolls, tension adjusting roller 10 is located high temperature winding roller 7 lower part, and air cooling device 9 is located between high temperature winding roller 7 and tension adjusting roller 10, coiling mechanism 12 is located tension adjusting roller 10 one side.
The high-temperature winding roller 7 is made of stainless steel, the pressure roller 8 is made of high-temperature-resistant rubber or plastic, the high-temperature winding roller 7 is provided with a rotating speed adjusting device, and the pressure roller 8 is a driven roller. The air-cooling device has the air outlet temperature of 50 ℃ and the air outlet section width of 2 m.
The preparation method of the high-air-permeability air purification composite membrane comprises the following steps:
step a: preparing a base material non-woven fabric 4, preparing fibers 401 from a PP material by adopting a spinning and bonding process, pre-forming a net, spinning and bonding mixed low-melting-point TPU fibers 402 on the surface of the pre-formed net, then carrying out single-side hot rolling and shaping on the PP main fiber 401 side, wherein the single-side hot rolling and shaping temperature is 80 ℃, and rapidly cooling by air cooling after shaping.
Step b: preparing a nano fiber film 5, preparing a PET nano fiber film by adopting an electrostatic spinning method, rolling, and having a rolling tension of 10N.
Step c: arranging the prepared substrate non-woven fabric 4 on a first non-woven fabric discharging roller 1 and a second non-woven fabric discharging roller 3, arranging a nanofiber membrane 5 on a nanofiber membrane discharging roller 2, enabling the covered side of an upper non-woven fabric substrate 4 and a lower non-woven fabric substrate 6 to be opposite to the nanofiber membrane 5, enabling the upper substrate non-woven fabric 4, the lower non-woven fabric substrate 6 and the nanofiber membrane 5 to pass through a high-temperature winding roller 7 together, obtaining a composite membrane 11 through hot-pressing compounding, enabling the composite membrane 11 to be cooled through an air cooling device 9, adjusting the tension through a tension adjusting roller 10, and then winding through a winding roller 12. The temperature of the high-temperature winding roller 7 is 130 ℃, the pressure between the pressure roller 8 and the high-temperature winding roller 7 is 1MPa, the speed of the high-temperature winding roller 7 is 10m/min, the wrap angle of the upper-layer base material non-woven fabric 4, the lower-layer non-woven fabric base material 6 and the nanofiber membrane 5 on the high-temperature winding roller 7 is 180 degrees, and the tension of the composite membrane 11 is 50N.
The air permeability of the high-permeability air purification composite membrane prepared by the embodiment can reach 8m/min @200Pa, and compared with a composite membrane material prepared by hot-pressing and laminating a traditional single-component non-woven fabric substrate, the air permeability of the high-permeability air purification composite membrane is 1.8 times that of the composite membrane material prepared by the traditional process.
Example 3
A high air permeability air purification composite membrane 11, as shown in figure 4, comprises an upper non-woven fabric substrate layer and a nanofiber membrane layer 1103, wherein the upper non-woven fabric substrate layer is an upper non-woven fabric substrate laminating side 1102 close to the nanofiber membrane layer 1103, the other side is an upper non-woven fabric substrate main fiber side 1101, the used non-woven fabric substrate main fiber 401 is PES, the melting point is 150 ℃, the low melting point fiber 402 is EVA, the melting point is 90 ℃, the non-woven fabric substrate adopts a spunlace process, the EVA fiber content of the laminating side is 15%, and the gram weight of the non-woven fabric substrate is 10g/m2The thickness is 50 mu m, the nano-fiber membrane is made of PP melt-blown, and the gram weight is 2g/m2Thickness 3 μm, mean pore diameter 2 μm, fiber diameter 100 nm.
The high-air-permeability air purification composite film covering device comprises a first non-woven fabric discharging roller 1, a nanofiber film discharging roller 2, a second non-woven fabric discharging roller 3, a high-temperature winding roller 7, a pressure roller 8, an air cooling device 9, a tension adjusting roller 10, a winding roller 11, wherein the first non-woven fabric discharging roller 1, the nanofiber film discharging roller 2 and the second non-woven fabric discharging roller 3 are located on the same side of the high-temperature winding roller 7 and are arranged up and down, the nanofiber film discharging roller 2 is located between the first non-woven fabric discharging roller 1 and the second non-woven fabric discharging roller 2, the pressure roller 8 is located on the upper portion of the high-temperature winding roller 7, a gap between the two rollers is 100 mu m, the tension adjusting roller 10 is located on the lower portion of the high-temperature winding roller 7, the air cooling device 9 is located between the high-temperature winding roller 7 and the tension adjusting roller 10, and the winding device 12 is located on one side of.
The high-temperature winding roller 7 is made of stainless steel, the pressure roller 8 is made of high-temperature-resistant rubber or plastic, the high-temperature winding roller 7 is provided with a rotating speed adjusting device, and the pressure roller 8 is a driven roller. The air-out temperature of the air-cooling device is 25 ℃, and the width of the air-out section is 1 m.
The preparation method of the high-air-permeability air purification composite membrane comprises the following steps:
step a: preparing a base material non-woven fabric 4, pre-forming a base material PES main fiber 401 into a net by adopting a spunlace mode, mixing a low-melting-point EVA fiber 402 on the surface of the pre-formed net, fully combining the low-melting-point EVA fiber 402 and the PES main fiber 401 by adopting the spunlace mode, then carrying out single-side hot rolling and shaping on the PES main fiber 401 side, wherein the single-side hot rolling and shaping temperature is 140 ℃, and rapidly cooling by air after shaping.
Step b: preparing a nanofiber membrane 5, preparing a PP nanofiber membrane in a melt-blown mode, rolling, and rolling with tension of 5N.
Step c: arranging a prepared base material non-woven fabric 4 on a first non-woven fabric discharging roller 1, arranging a nanofiber membrane on a nanofiber membrane discharging roller 2, enabling the covered side of the non-woven fabric base material 4 to be opposite to the nanofiber membrane 5, enabling the base material non-woven fabric 4 and the nanofiber membrane 5 to pass through a high-temperature winding roller 7 together, obtaining a composite membrane 11 through hot-pressing compounding, cooling the composite membrane 11 through an air cooling device 9, adjusting the tension through a tension adjusting roller 10, and then winding the composite membrane on a winding roller 12. The temperature of the high-temperature winding roller 7 is 95 ℃, the pressure between the pressure roller 8 and the high-temperature winding roller 7 is 0.5MPa, the speed of the high-temperature winding roller 7 is 5m/min, the wrap angle of the non-woven fabric base material 4 on the high-temperature winding roller 7 is 90 degrees, and the tension of the composite film 11 is 5N.
The air permeability of the high-permeability air purification composite membrane prepared by the embodiment can reach 12m/min @200Pa, and compared with a composite membrane material prepared by hot-pressing and laminating a traditional single-component non-woven fabric substrate, the air permeability can be improved by 1.2 times. Example 4
The high-air-permeability air purification composite membrane 11 comprises an upper non-woven fabric substrate layer, a lower non-woven fabric substrate layer and a nanofiber membrane layer 1103, wherein the upper non-woven fabric substrate layer is an upper non-woven fabric substrate laminating side 1102 close to the nanofiber membrane layer 1103, the other side of the upper non-woven fabric substrate layer is an upper non-woven fabric substrate main fiber side 1101, the lower non-woven fabric substrate layer is a lower non-woven fabric substrate laminating side 1105 close to the nanofiber membrane layer 1103, and the other side of the lower non-woven fabric substrate main fiber side 1104.
The main fiber 401 of the non-woven fabric base material is PTFE, the temperature resistance is 300 ℃, the low-melting-point fiber 402 is PES, the melting point is 150 ℃, the non-woven fabric base material is prepared by adopting a needling process, the content of PES fiber on the clad side is 50%, and the gram weight of the non-woven fabric base material is 80g/m2The thickness is 300 mu m, the nano-fiber membrane material is made of PES electrostatic spinning, and the gram weight is 5g/m2Thickness 3 μm, average pore diameter 0.5 μm, fiber diameter 200 nm.
High air permeability air purification complex film covers closes device, including first non-woven fabrics blowing roll 1, nanofiber membrane blowing roll 2, second non-woven fabrics blowing roll 3, high temperature winding roller 7, pressure roller 8, air cooling device 9, tension adjusting roller 10, wind-up roll 11, first non-woven fabrics blowing roll 1, nanofiber membrane blowing roll 2, second non-woven fabrics blowing roll 3 are located high temperature winding roller 7 homonymy, and arrange from top to bottom, and nanofiber membrane blowing roll 2 is located between first non-woven fabrics blowing roll 1 and second non-woven fabrics blowing roll 2, and pressure roller 8 is located high temperature winding roller 7 upper portion, and the clearance 0.5mm between the two rolls, tension adjusting roller 10 is located high temperature winding roller 7 lower part, and air cooling device 9 is located between high temperature winding roller 7 and tension adjusting roller 10, coiling mechanism 12 is located tension adjusting roller 10 one side.
The high-temperature winding roller 7 is made of stainless steel, the pressure roller 8 is made of high-temperature-resistant rubber or plastic, the high-temperature winding roller 7 is provided with a rotating speed adjusting device, and the pressure roller 8 is a driven roller. The air-out temperature of the air-cooling device is 45 ℃, and the width of the air-out section is 1.5 m.
The preparation method of the high-air-permeability air purification composite membrane comprises the following steps:
step a: preparing a base material non-woven fabric 4, namely pre-forming a PTFE fiber material 401 into a net by adopting a needling process, mixing low-melting-point PES fibers 402 on the surface of the pre-formed net, then carrying out single-side hot rolling and shaping on the PTFE main fiber 401 side, wherein the single-side hot rolling and shaping temperature is 260 ℃, and rapidly cooling by air after shaping.
Step b: preparing a nanofiber membrane 5, preparing a PES nanofiber membrane by adopting an electrostatic spinning method, rolling, and rolling with tension of 8N.
Step c: arranging the prepared substrate non-woven fabric 4 on a first non-woven fabric discharging roller 1 and a second non-woven fabric discharging roller 3, arranging a nanofiber membrane 5 on a nanofiber membrane discharging roller 2, enabling the covered side of an upper non-woven fabric substrate 4 and a lower non-woven fabric substrate 6 to be opposite to the nanofiber membrane 5, enabling the upper substrate non-woven fabric 4, the lower non-woven fabric substrate 6 and the nanofiber membrane 5 to pass through a high-temperature winding roller 7 together, obtaining a composite membrane 11 through hot-pressing compounding, enabling the composite membrane 11 to be cooled through an air cooling device 9, adjusting the tension through a tension adjusting roller 10, and then winding through a winding roller 12. The temperature of the high-temperature winding roller 7 is 130 ℃, the pressure between the pressure roller 8 and the high-temperature winding roller 7 is 0.3MPa, the speed of the high-temperature winding roller 7 is 5m/min, the wrap angle of the upper-layer base material non-woven fabric 4, the lower-layer non-woven fabric base material 6 and the nanofiber membrane 5 on the high-temperature winding roller 7 is 120 degrees, and the tension of the composite membrane 11 is 30N.
The air permeability of the high-permeability air purification composite membrane prepared by the embodiment can reach 16m/min @200Pa, and compared with a composite membrane material prepared by hot-pressing and laminating a traditional single-component non-woven fabric substrate, the air permeability of the high-permeability air purification composite membrane is 1.5 times that of the composite membrane material prepared by the traditional process.
Claims (10)
1. The composite air purifying membrane with high air permeability is characterized by comprising a non-woven fabric base material and a nanofiber membrane, wherein the non-woven fabric base material is formed by mixing one side of main fibers and a low-melting-point fiber material, the low-melting-point fiber material is a laminating side, and the nanofiber membrane and the non-woven fabric base material are laminated and thermally pressure-compounded.
2. The composite membrane according to claim 1, wherein the nonwoven fabric substrate is a spunbonded fabric, a needle-punched fabric, a spunlaced fabric or a melt-blown fabric, and is made of a fiber combination of PP, PET, PPS, PI, PA, PES, EVA, TPU, PO and PTFE with different melting points, and the gram weight is 6-100g/m2The thickness is 10-500 μm, the low-melting-point fiber material accounts for 1-80% of the composite side, the nanofiber membrane is made of PTFE, PP and PET, and the gram weight is 0.5-10g/m2The thickness is 1-5 μm, the average pore diameter is 0.1-3 μm, and the fiber is straightThe diameter is 50-1000 nm.
3. The composite membrane for air purification with high air permeability according to claim 1, wherein both sides of the nanofiber membrane are coated with a non-woven fabric substrate.
4. The covering device for the high-permeability air-purifying composite film according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising a first nonwoven fabric feeding roller, a nanofiber film feeding roller, a second nonwoven fabric feeding roller, a high-temperature winding roller, a pressure roller, an air cooling device, a tension adjusting roller, and a wind-up roller, wherein the first nonwoven fabric feeding roller, the nanofiber film feeding roller, and the second nonwoven fabric feeding roller are positioned on the same side of the high-temperature winding roller and arranged up and down, the nanofiber film feeding roller is positioned between the first nonwoven fabric feeding roller and the second nonwoven fabric feeding roller, the pressure roller is positioned above the high-temperature winding roller with a gap of 10 μm to 0.5mm between the two rollers, the tension adjusting roller is positioned below the high-temperature winding roller, the air cooling device is positioned between the high-temperature winding roller and the tension adjusting roller, and the wind-up device is positioned on one side of the tension adjusting roller.
5. The covering device for the air purifying composite film with high air permeability according to claim 4, wherein the high temperature winding roller is made of stainless steel, the pressure roller is made of high temperature resistant rubber or plastic, the high temperature winding roller is provided with a rotation speed adjusting device, and the pressure roller is a driven roller.
6. The covering device for the air purification composite membrane with high air permeability according to claim 4, wherein the air outlet temperature of the air cooling device is 25-50 ℃, and the air outlet section width is 0.5-2 m.
7. A method for preparing the high air permeability air purification composite membrane according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
step a: preparing a base material non-woven fabric, namely pre-forming a web of base material main fibers by adopting a needling, spun-bonding, spunlace or melt-blowing mode, mixing low-melting-point fibers on the pre-formed web, fully combining the low-melting-point fibers and the main fibers by adopting the needling, spun-bonding, spunlace or melt-blowing mode, and then carrying out single-side hot rolling and shaping on the main fiber side;
step b: preparing a nanofiber membrane, namely preparing the nanofiber membrane by adopting a two-way stretching, electrostatic spinning or melt-blowing mode and rolling;
step c: the prepared base material is arranged on a non-woven fabric discharging roller in a non-woven fabric non-woven manner, the nanofiber membrane is arranged on a nanofiber membrane discharging roller, the covered side of the non-woven fabric base material is opposite to the nanofiber membrane, the base material non-woven fabric and the nanofiber membrane together pass through a high-temperature winding roller, the tension is adjusted through a tension adjusting roller, and the base material non-woven fabric and the nanofiber membrane are wound on a winding roller after air cooling.
8. The method for preparing a composite membrane with high air permeability for air purification according to claim 7, wherein the temperature for single-side hot rolling setting in step a is 80-260 ℃, and the composite membrane is rapidly cooled by air cooling after setting.
9. The method for preparing a composite membrane with high air permeability according to claim 7, wherein the rolling tension of the nanofiber membrane in the step b is 0.1-10N.
10. The method for preparing a high air permeability air purification composite membrane according to claim 7, wherein the temperature of the high temperature winding roll in step c is 70 to 200 ℃, the pressure between the pressure roll and the high temperature winding roll is 0 to 1MPa, the speed of the high temperature winding roll is 0.3 to 10m/min, the wrap angle of the non-woven fabric substrate on the high temperature winding roll is 30 to 180 °, and the tension of the composite membrane is 0.5 to 50N.
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| CN113996190A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-02-01 | 温州金佳慧昌环保新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) composite membrane filter element and mask with filter element |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113996190A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2022-02-01 | 温州金佳慧昌环保新材料有限公司 | Preparation method of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) composite membrane filter element and mask with filter element |
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