CN111886806B - Back scattering communication method, device, communication system and storage medium - Google Patents
Back scattering communication method, device, communication system and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application provides a backscattering communication method and a backscattering communication device, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the sending equipment receives a wakeup signal sent by the base station; the transmitting equipment determines the transmitting starting time of the data to be transmitted according to the wakeup signal; and the sending equipment performs scattering processing on the excitation signal sent by the base station according to a kth bit value in the data to be sent in a kth sending time interval from the sending starting time, wherein the scattering processing is to scatter the excitation signal sent by the base station or not to scatter the excitation signal, k is 1,2, … … n, and n is the number of bits contained in the data to be sent. The sending device of the application can correspondingly scatter the excitation signal sent by the base station according to the bit value to be sent, so that the receiving device can determine the corresponding bit value according to the energy of the signal received in the sending time interval, and therefore the back scattering communication with low power consumption or zero power consumption can be completed by using the excitation signal sent by the base station. The method provided by the embodiment improves the coverage capability of the network, and can be applied to the internet of things, such as MTC, IoT, LTE-M, M2M and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The present application relates to the field of mobile communications, and in particular, to a method and an apparatus for backscatter communication.
Background
Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology is a contactless automatic identification technology that automatically identifies a target object and acquires related data by a radio frequency signal, and has received wide attention in recent years as a key technology of internet of things (IoT). The RFID communication system includes a reader (reader) and a tag (tag).
RFID devices operate in two modes, inductive coupling and backscattering (also called backscattering). The inductive coupling mode is generally suitable for short-range induction of medium and low frequency operation, and the backscattering mode is generally suitable for long-range induction of high frequency operation. The process of realizing automatic identification by a backscattering mode comprises the following steps: the reader transmits radio frequency signals (also called excitation signals) in an area, the impedance of the antenna is changed according to self coding information after the label enters the area, the radio frequency signals are scattered in a backward mode, scattering signals are generated, the reader obtains the coding information of the label according to the received scattering signals, and the accuracy of the coding information is checked so as to achieve the purpose of identification.
However, in the backscatter communication mode, a tag at a relatively long distance needs to obtain energy, the reader needs to generate a high-frequency radio frequency signal, and the generation of the high-frequency radio frequency signal causes relatively large energy consumption, so that the working life of the reader is shortened, or a power supply needs to be frequently replaced, and the use is inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a backscattering communication method and device, which are used for solving the problem that the existing backscattering communication mode is large in energy consumption.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a method of backscatter communication, which may include: the sending equipment receives a wakeup signal sent by the base station; the sending equipment determines the sending starting time of the data to be sent according to the wakeup signal; and the sending equipment performs scattering processing on the excitation signal sent by the base station according to a kth bit value in the data to be sent in a kth sending time interval from the sending starting time, wherein the scattering processing is to scatter the excitation signal sent by the base station or not to scatter the excitation signal, k is 1,2, … … n, and n is the number of bits contained in the data to be sent.
The sending device can correspondingly scatter the excitation signal sent by the base station according to the bit value to be sent, so that the receiving device determines the corresponding bit value according to the energy of the signal received in the sending time interval, and therefore the low-power-consumption or zero-power-consumption backscattering communication is completed by utilizing the excitation signal sent by the base station.
With reference to the first aspect, in an implementation manner of the first aspect, the kth transmission time interval includes at least one symbol, and a start time and an end time of the kth transmission time interval are both located at a boundary of a symbol.
Since the energy of the excitation signal received by the receiving device in each symbol is equal, the starting time and the ending time of the transmission time interval are both positioned at the boundary of the symbol, so that the energy of the signal received in each transmission time interval can be stabilized, and the receiving device can accurately determine the bit value according to the energy of the received signal.
With reference to the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, the determining, by the sending device, a sending start time of data to be sent according to the wakeup signal includes: the sending equipment determines a monitoring starting moment according to the wakeup signal; the sending equipment detects the energy of a signal received in the ith sending time interval from the monitoring starting time, the signal is the excitation signal or the combination of the excitation signal and a scattering signal, the scattering signal is a signal generated after other sending equipment except the sending equipment scatters the excitation signal, i is 1,2, … … m, and m is a positive integer; and if the energy of the signals received by the sending equipment in the m sending time intervals is the same, determining the end time of the m sending time interval as the sending start time of the data to be sent.
With reference to the first aspect, in another implementation manner of the first aspect, both the transmission start time and the transmission end time of the data to be transmitted are located in the same time unit, the transmission end time of the data to be transmitted is not located at a boundary of the time unit, and energies of excitation signals transmitted by the base station in each symbol in the time unit are the same.
In a second aspect, the present application also provides a backscatter communication apparatus, which may include: the device comprises a receiving unit, a processing unit and a sending unit. The receiving unit is used for receiving a wakeup signal sent by the base station; the processing unit is used for determining the sending starting time of the data to be sent according to the wakeup signal; a sending unit, configured to perform, in a kth sending time interval from the sending start time, scattering processing on an excitation signal sent by the base station according to a kth bit value in the data to be sent, where the scattering processing is to scatter the excitation signal sent by the base station or not to scatter the excitation signal, and k is 1,2, … … n, where n is a number of bits included in the data to be sent.
With reference to the second aspect, in an implementation manner of the second aspect, the kth transmission time interval includes at least one symbol, and a start time and an end time of the kth transmission time interval are both located at a boundary of a symbol.
With reference to the second aspect, in another implementation manner of the second aspect, the processing unit is specifically configured to: determining a monitoring starting time according to the wakeup signal; detecting energy of a signal received in an ith sending time interval from the monitoring starting time, wherein the signal is the excitation signal or a combination of the excitation signal and a scattering signal, the scattering signal is a signal generated after other sending equipment except the sending equipment scatters the excitation signal, i is 1,2, … … m, and m is a positive integer; and when the energy of the signals received by the sending equipment in the m sending time intervals is the same, determining the end time of the mth sending time interval as the sending start time of the data to be sent.
With reference to the second aspect, in another implementation manner of the second aspect, both the transmission start time and the transmission end time of the data to be transmitted are located in the same time unit, and the transmission end time of the data to be transmitted is not located at a boundary of the time unit, and energies of excitation signals transmitted by the base station in each symbol in the time unit are the same.
In a third aspect, the present application further provides a backscatter communication method, where the method may include the following steps: the receiving equipment receives a wakeup signal sent by the base station; the receiving equipment determines the detection starting time according to the wakeup signal; the receiving device sequentially determines an energy value of a signal received in each detection time interval from the detection starting time, and determines a bit value according to each energy value, wherein the signal is an excitation signal sent by the base station or a combination of the excitation signal and a scattering signal, and the scattering signal is a signal generated by scattering the excitation signal by the sending device; the receiving equipment determines target data when p continuous bit values identical to a preset lead code are obtained and q continuous bit values identical to preset address information are obtained in a first preset time period after the p bit values are obtained, wherein the target data comprise the p bit values, the q bit values and s continuous bit values after the q bit values, and p, q and s are positive integers.
The sending device can correspondingly perform scattering processing on the excitation signal sent by the base station according to the bit value to be sent, so that the receiving device determines the corresponding bit value according to the energy of the signal received in the sending time interval, and therefore the low-power-consumption or zero-power-consumption backscattering communication is completed by using the excitation signal sent by the base station.
With reference to the third aspect, in an implementation manner of the third aspect, determining a bit value according to each energy value includes: and determining a bit value corresponding to each energy value by comparing each energy value with a reference value, wherein the reference value is the energy value of the wakeup signal received by the receiving device in the detection time interval.
With reference to the third aspect, in another implementation manner of the third aspect, the detection time interval includes at least one symbol, and a start time and an end time of the detection time interval are both located at a boundary of a symbol.
With reference to the third aspect, in another implementation manner of the third aspect, the method further includes: and when the receiving equipment does not obtain p continuous bit values which are the same as the preset lead code within a second preset time period after the receiving equipment receives the wakeup signal, or does not obtain q continuous bit values which are the same as the preset address information within a first preset time period after the p bit values are obtained, terminating the determination of the energy value of the received signal within each detection time interval, and terminating the determination of the bit value obtained within each detection time interval according to the energy value.
In a fourth aspect, the present application further provides a backscatter communication apparatus that may include a receiving unit and a processing unit. The receiving unit is used for receiving a wakeup signal sent by the base station; the processing unit is used for determining the detection starting time according to the wakeup signal; the receiving unit is further configured to sequentially determine an energy value of a signal received in each detection time interval from the detection start time, and determine a bit value according to each energy value, where the signal is an excitation signal sent by the base station or a combination of the excitation signal and a scattering signal, and the scattering signal is a signal generated after the transmitting device scatters the excitation signal; the processing unit is further configured to determine target data when p continuous bit values identical to a preset preamble are obtained and q continuous bit values identical to preset address information are obtained within a first preset time period after the p bit values are obtained, where the target data includes the p bit values, the q bit values, and s continuous bit values after the q bit values, and p, q, and s are positive integers.
With reference to the fourth aspect, in an implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the receiving unit is specifically configured to: and determining a bit value corresponding to each energy value by comparing each energy value with a reference value, wherein the reference value is the energy value of the wakeup signal received by the receiving device in the detection time interval.
With reference to the fourth aspect, in another implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the detection time interval includes at least one symbol, and a start time and an end time of the detection time interval are both located at a boundary of the symbol.
With reference to the fourth aspect, in another implementation manner of the fourth aspect, the processing unit is further configured to: when the receiving device does not obtain p continuous bit values which are the same as a preset lead code within a second preset time period after the receiving device receives the wakeup signal, or does not obtain q continuous bit values which are the same as preset address information within a first preset time period after the p bit values are obtained, terminating determining the energy value of the received signal within each detection time interval, and terminating determining the bit value obtained within each detection time interval according to the energy value.
In a fifth aspect, the present application further provides a backscatter communication method, where the method may include: the sending equipment receives a wakeup signal sent by the base station; the receiving equipment receives a wakeup signal sent by the base station; the transmitting equipment determines the transmitting starting time of the data to be transmitted according to the wakeup signal; the receiving equipment determines the detection starting moment according to the wakeup signal; the sending equipment performs scattering processing on the excitation signal sent by the base station according to a kth bit value in the data to be sent in a kth sending time interval from the sending starting time, wherein the scattering processing is to scatter the excitation signal sent by the base station or not to scatter the excitation signal, and k is 1,2, … … n, where n is the number of bits contained in the data to be sent; the receiving equipment sequentially determines the energy value of a signal received in each detection time interval from the detection starting moment, and determines a bit value according to each energy value, wherein the signal is an excitation signal sent by the base station or a combination of the excitation signal and a scattering signal, and the scattering signal is a signal generated after the sending equipment scatters the excitation signal; the receiving equipment determines target data when p continuous bit values identical to a preset lead code are obtained and q continuous bit values identical to preset address information are obtained in a first preset time period after the p bit values are obtained, wherein the target data comprise the p bit values, the q bit values and s continuous bit values after the q bit values, and p, q and s are positive integers.
In a sixth aspect, the present application further provides a communication system, which includes the apparatus in the second aspect and the apparatus in the fourth aspect.
In a seventh aspect, the present application further provides a backscatter communication device, including: a processor, a memory, and a transceiver. The memory area is used for storing computer execution instructions; the processor is connected to the memory and the transceiver, and when the random access apparatus runs, the processor executes computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the random access method according to the first aspect and the various implementation manners of the first aspect, or to implement the backscatter communication method according to the third aspect and the various implementation manners of the third aspect.
In an eighth aspect, the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein instructions, which when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of the above aspects.
In a ninth aspect, the present application also provides a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of the above aspects.
In a tenth aspect, the present application further provides a chip comprising a processor and/or program instructions, which when run, implements the method of the first aspect of the present application or implements the method of the third aspect of the present application.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system provided in the present application;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of one embodiment of a method of backscatter communication as provided herein;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a frame structure of data to be transmitted according to the present application;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of another embodiment of a method of backscatter communication provided herein;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of another embodiment of a method of backscatter communication provided by the present application;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of a backscatter communications device provided herein;
fig. 7 is a block diagram of another embodiment of a backscatter communication device provided herein;
fig. 8 is a block diagram of another embodiment of a backscatter communication device provided in this application.
Detailed Description
The backscatter communication method provided by the application can be applied to a Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, an advanced long term evolution (LTE-a) system, or other wireless communication systems adopting various wireless access technologies, such as systems adopting access technologies of code division multiple access, frequency division multiple access, time division multiple access, orthogonal frequency division multiple access, single carrier frequency division multiple access, and the like. In addition, the method can also be applied to a subsequent evolution system using an LTE system, such as a fifth generation 5G system and the like.
As shown in fig. 1, the backscatter communication method provided in the present application may be applied to a communication system including a Base Station (BS), a terminal device, and an IoT device. The base station is used for providing an excitation signal, and the terminal equipment and the IoT equipment are in backscatter communication through the excitation signal. IoT devices may be active devices or passive devices. In the present application, both the terminal device and the IoT device may be a transmitting device or a receiving device. For example, when the IoT device sends a signal to the terminal device, the IoT device is a sending device, and the terminal device is a receiving device; and when the terminal device sends an ACK (acknowledgement character) response signal to the IoT device, the terminal device is a sending device, and the IoT device is a receiving device.
The terminal devices referred to in the present application may include various handheld devices, vehicle-mounted devices, wearable devices, computing devices or other processing devices connected to wireless modems, communication nodes on household appliances, medical devices, industrial devices, agricultural devices, or aviation devices, and the like, as well as various forms of User Equipment (UE), Mobile Stations (MS), terminals (terminal), terminal devices (terminal equipment), and the like.
An IoT device to which the present application relates may include any device that has an addressable interface in an internet of things application and is capable of communicating information to one or more terminal devices. For example, in a logistics transportation application, the IoT device may be a tracker; in a remote monitoring application, the IoT device may be a monitor; in security monitoring applications, the IoT devices may also be alarms and the like.
The base station referred to in the present application may be a device deployed in a radio access network to provide a wireless communication function for a terminal device, and may be, for example, various forms of macro base stations, micro base stations, relay stations, access points, and so on. In systems using different radio access technologies, names of devices having functions of base stations may be different, for example, in an LTE network, referred to as an evolved node B (eNB or eNodeB), in a third generation 3G network, referred to as a node B (node B), or a communication node applied in a fifth generation communication system or for D2D communication, and the like, and other similar base stations may also be used. The base station may also be a Transmission and Reception Point (TRP), and the structure of the TRP may be a structure including a Remote Radio Unit (RRU), an indoor baseband unit (BBU), and an antenna feed system, or a structure including only a radio frequency and an antenna system.
Referring to fig. 2, which is a flow chart of an embodiment of a backscatter communication method of the present application, the method may include the following steps.
When the transmitting device and the receiving device are located in the coverage area of the base station, the downlink signal transmitted by the base station can be used as an excitation signal for backscatter communication. In order for the transmitting device and the receiving device to complete communication, the base station needs to transmit a wakeup (wakeup) signal to the transmitting device and the receiving device before communication is performed between the transmitting device and the receiving device. The wake-up signal includes communication parameters of data to be transmitted, and may specifically include frame structure indication information, communication start and stop time, a signal modulation mode, and the like. The communication start-stop time refers to a period from a transmission start time of data to be transmitted to a reception end time of the ACK response signal. In a specific application, the start-stop time of communication may be located in the same time cell, and the end time of transmission of the data to be transmitted is not located at the boundary of the time cell, where the energy of the excitation signal transmitted by the base station in each symbol in the time cell is the same. The time unit may be one LTE frame.
When a sending device intends to send information to a receiving device, data to be sent needs to be determined. When determining data to be transmitted, the determination may be performed according to frame format indication information in an awake signal transmitted by a base station. As shown in fig. 3, the data to be transmitted may include a preamble (preamble), a delimiter (delimitator), a frame header (frame header), a payload (payload), and a Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC). The frame header includes a target ID address, a transmission rate, and a frame length of data to be transmitted. The length of data to be transmitted may be less than 140 bits, and the CRC may be an 8-bit check code. The transmission rate in the frame header may be used to indicate the duration of each transmission time interval. It should be noted that the frame structure of the data to be transmitted shown in fig. 3 is an exemplary illustration, and the frame structure of the data to be transmitted is not specifically limited in this application.
The transmission start time is located at a boundary of a symbol. To ensure that the transmission start time is located at the boundary of the symbols, the transmitting device may determine the start time and the end time of each symbol according to the time at which the wakeup signal is received or according to the communication parameters in the wakeup signal. The symbol in the present application may be an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) symbol in an LTE frame structure adopted when the base station transmits the excitation signal. For example, the LTE frame structure may be: the frame length is 10ms, each frame comprises 10 subframes, each subframe comprises two slots, and each slot comprises 7 OFDM symbols. It should be noted that the LTE frame structure in the present application is an exemplary description, and the LTE frame structure may be set according to specific requirements or needs in specific implementation, which is not limited herein.
The excitation signal is a signal transmitted by a base station. The base station for transmitting the excitation signal and the base station for transmitting the wakeup signal may be the same device or different devices. The data transmission can be realized through the scattering processing of the excitation signals. The sending equipment can preset different scattering processing modes corresponding to bit values before sending data. For example, a bit value of 0 may correspond to the way the scattered excitation signal is processed, and a bit value of 1 may correspond to the way the unscattered excitation signal is processed.
In the application, the transmitting device may change the antenna impedance of the receiving loop to perform the scattering processing on the excitation signal, and further, may change the antenna impedance by changing an open/close state of a switch that controls the access impedance. Therefore, in a specific implementation, the on-off state of the switch corresponding to different bit values may be preset, for example, a bit value of 0 may correspond to the on-off state, and a bit value of 1 may correspond to the off-state. For another example, when the transmitting device intends to transmit a bit value with 0 content, the switch may be opened, the antenna impedance may be adjusted to a magnitude capable of scattering the excitation signal, and the switch state may be maintained in the transmission time interval of the bit value 0, thereby completing the transmission of the bit value 0.
When the sending equipment scatters the excitation signal, a scattering signal is generated, the receiving equipment can simultaneously receive the excitation signal and the scattering information, when the sending equipment does not scatter the excitation signal, the scattering signal is not generated, the receiving equipment only receives the excitation signal, and when the sending equipment sends different bit values, the energy of the signals received by the receiving equipment in corresponding sending time intervals is different, so that the receiving equipment can determine the corresponding bit values according to the energy of the received signals, namely the bit values sent by the sending equipment. Therefore, the transmitting device of the present application may perform corresponding scattering processing on the excitation signal sent by the base station according to the bit value to be sent, so that the receiving device determines the corresponding bit value according to the energy of the signal received within the transmission time interval, thereby completing the back scattering communication with low power consumption or zero power consumption by using the excitation signal sent by the base station.
In a specific implementation, the transmission time interval includes at least one symbol, and the start time and the end time of the transmission time interval are both located at the boundary of the symbol. Since the energy of the excitation signal received by the receiving device in each symbol is equal, the starting time and the ending time of the transmission time interval are both positioned at the boundary of the symbol, so that the energy of the signal received in each transmission time interval can be stable, and the receiving device can accurately determine the bit value according to the energy of the received signal. If the transmission time interval is smaller than one symbol, the energy of the excitation signals received in each transmission time interval may not be equal due to a peak to average power ratio (PAPR), so that the bit value cannot be accurately determined according to the energy of the received signals. Therefore, the transmission time interval needs to include at least one symbol, and both the start time and the end time of the transmission time interval are located at the boundary of the symbol.
And the sending start time and the sending end time of the data to be sent are both positioned in the same time unit, and the sending end time of the data to be sent is not positioned at the boundary of the time unit.
Before transmitting data to a receiving device, a transmitting device may perform carrier sensing (LBT) to determine whether a channel is idle, that is, determine whether other transmitting devices are transmitting information in the vicinity of the transmitting device, so as to avoid mutual interference between the transmitting devices. The specific process of the carrier sensing may be as follows: the sending equipment determines the monitoring starting time according to the wakeup signal; the sending equipment detects the energy of a signal received in the ith sending time interval from the monitoring starting time, the signal is the excitation signal or the combination of the excitation signal and a scattering signal, the scattering signal is a signal generated after other sending equipment except the sending equipment scatters the excitation signal, i is 1,2, … … m, and m is an integer; and if the energy of the signals received by the sending equipment in the m sending time intervals is the same, determining the end time of the m sending time interval as the sending start time of the data to be sent.
If there are other sending devices sending information, due to the continuous adjustment of the scattering processing of the excitation signal, a scattering signal is generated sometimes, and no scattering signal is generated sometimes, accordingly, the sending device of the data to be sent receives the combination of the excitation signal and the scattering signal sometimes, only the excitation signal is received sometimes, and the energy of the received signal changes. Therefore, it can be determined whether the channel is idle by monitoring the energy of the signal received in each transmission time interval. When the transmitting device detects that the channel is busy, a Random backoff (Random backoff) operation is performed, that is, after delaying for a Random backoff time, the LBT operation is performed again. In a specific implementation, the listening period and the Random backoff time may each include at least one transmission time interval.
The following specifically describes a process of the reception device receiving data.
Referring to fig. 4, which is a flow chart of another embodiment of the backscatter communication method of the present application, the method may include the following steps.
The wakeup signal received by the receiving device may be the same as the wakeup signal received by the transmitting device.
Since the transmission start time of the data transmitted by the transmission device is located at the boundary of the symbol, the detection start time also needs to be located at the boundary of the symbol, thereby ensuring accurate data reception. To ensure that the detection start time is located at the boundary of the symbols, the receiving device may determine the start time and the end time of each symbol according to the time at which the wakeup signal is received or according to the communication parameters in the wakeup signal.
In a specific implementation, the bit value corresponding to each energy value may be determined by comparing the energy value of the signal received in each detection time interval with a reference value. The reference value is an energy value of the excitation signal received by the receiving device during a detection time interval.
The receiving device needs to continuously receive signals in order to receive the data sent by the sending device, so that the bit values obtained in each detection time interval are determined by detecting the energy of the received signals in each detection time interval. Each detection time interval comprises at least one symbol, and the start time and the end time of each detection time interval are both located at the boundary of the symbol. Specifically, the detection time interval is equal to the transmission time interval used by the sending device to send data, and each transmission time interval is synchronized with one detection time interval, so that the receiving device is ensured to accurately receive each bit value sent by the sending device.
Since the power of wakeup signal transmitted by the base station is the same as the power of excitation signal transmitted, in a specific implementation, the reference value can be determined by detecting the energy value of wakeup signal received in at least one detection time interval, and the reference value is the energy of wakeup signal received in one detection time interval. The reference value may also be determined by detecting the energy of the received signal within at least one detection time interval after receiving the wakeup signal. Specifically, when the energy values of the received signals within the preset number of detection time intervals are equal, it may be determined that the energy values are the reference values. Therefore, if the power of the excitation signal transmitted by the base station is changed, the wakeup signal needs to be retransmitted.
In a specific implementation, the corresponding relationship between the comparison result of different energy values and the reference value and the bit value may be preset. For example, if the energy value is equal to or approximately equal to the reference value, it may correspond to a bit value of 1, and otherwise it corresponds to a bit value of 0. Further, the corresponding bit value may also be determined by comparing the difference between the energy value and the reference value with a threshold value. When the difference is larger than the threshold value, the received signal comprises a scattered signal, and when the difference is not larger than the threshold value, the received signal does not comprise the scattered signal. The threshold may be set accordingly according to specific situations, so the size of the threshold is not specifically limited in the present application. It should be noted that the bit value corresponding to the processing method of the unscattered excitation signal is the same as the bit value corresponding to the case where the energy value is equal to or approximate to the reference value, and the bit value corresponding to the processing method of the scattered excitation signal is the same as the bit value corresponding to the case where the energy value is not equal to or approximate to the reference value, so that the obtained bit value corresponds to the transmitted bit value, thereby realizing accurate transmission of data.
The preset preamble and the preset address information in the receiving device may be determined according to the communication parameters in the wakeup signal, or may be determined according to other pre-stored information. The preset address information is also address information of the receiving apparatus itself, and is used to determine whether the received data is the target data.
When the transmitting device does not transmit data, the bit value obtained by the receiving device does not change, and the obtained bit value is always 0 or 1. As shown in fig. 3, when the transmitting apparatus starts to transmit data, the p bit values included in the preamble are first transmitted continuously. When the receiving device receives that the continuous p bit values are the same as the preset preamble, the data sent by the sending device is received. After the preamble is transmitted, the transmitting device continuously transmits the q bit values included in the destination address field. When the receiving device receives q consecutive bit values identical to the preset address information, it is indicated that the target data is being received. And then determining the number s of bit values to be determined subsequently according to the number of bits contained in the target data, wherein the value of s is the value obtained by subtracting p and q from the number of bits contained in the target data. In a specific implementation, as shown in fig. 3, after the sending device sends the destination address field and the transmission rate field, each bit value included in the frame length field may be sent continuously, and the receiving device may determine, according to the obtained frame length information, the number of bits included in the destination data, and further determine the number of subsequent bit values that need to be determined.
In order to keep the start time and the end time of the transmission time interval aligned with the boundary of the symbol, and to keep the start time and the end time of the detection time interval aligned with the boundary of the symbol, the base station may transmit the wakeup signal according to a preset period.
And when the receiving equipment does not obtain p continuous bit values which are the same as the preset lead code within a second preset time period after the receiving equipment receives the wakeup signal, or does not obtain q continuous bit values which are the same as the preset address information within a first preset time period after the p bit values are obtained, terminating the determination of the energy value of the received signal within each detection time interval, and terminating the determination of the bit value obtained within each detection time interval according to the energy value. In a specific implementation, a receiver of the receiving device for backscatter communication with a transmitting device may be turned off, thereby reducing power consumption. The receiver is configured to implement steps 402 to 404. When the receiver is in the off state, if the receiving device receives the wakeup signal again, the receiver is turned back on.
The transmission start time and the transmission end time of the data to be transmitted are also located in the same time unit, so that each detection time interval for receiving the target data is located in the same time unit. If the respective detection time intervals for receiving the target data are located in two consecutive time units and the energy of the excitation signal changes in the two time units, erroneous determination of the bit value may result. Further, since the receiving device sends the ACK response signal to the sending device after receiving the data sent by the sending device, in order to ensure that the ACK response signal is accurately transmitted to the sending device, it is necessary to ensure that the energy of the excitation signal sent by the base station is equal to that in each sending time interval during the sending process of the ACK response signal and during the sending process of the data to be sent. Since the energy of the excitation signal may change in two consecutive time units, the transmission start time of the data to be transmitted and the reception end time of the ACK response signal may both be in the same time unit.
When the receiving device is not a target receiving device, the receiving device may transmit the target data to a base station to cause the base station to transmit the target data to the target receiving device. In an application scenario, when the IoT device is far away from the target terminal device and cannot communicate in a backscattering manner, the IoT device may send the target data to the terminal device near the IoT device by using the communication manner, and the terminal device sends the target data to the base station, so that the base station sends the target data to the target terminal device. Similarly, when the base station intends to send information to the IoT device, the base station may first send the information to the terminal device, so as to send the information to the IoT device through the terminal device.
The sending device can correspondingly scatter the excitation signal according to the bit value to be sent, so that the receiving device determines the corresponding bit value according to the energy of the signal received in the sending time interval, and the back scattering communication with low power consumption or zero power consumption is completed by using the excitation signal sent by the base station.
Referring to fig. 5, which is a flow chart of another embodiment of the backscatter communication method of the present application, the method may include the following steps.
Step 501, the sending device receives a wakeup signal sent by the base station.
Step 502, the receiving device receives a wakeup signal sent by the base station.
Step 501 and step 502 may be executed simultaneously or not. When step 501 and step 502 are not performed simultaneously, step 501 may be performed first, or step 502 may be performed first.
Step 503, the sending device determines the sending start time of the data to be sent according to the wakeup signal.
Step 504, the receiving device determines a detection start time according to the wakeup signal.
Step 503 and step 504 may be executed at the same time or at different times. When step 503 is not executed at the same time as step 504, step 503 may be executed first, or step 504 may be executed first.
Step 505, the sending device performs scattering processing on the excitation signal sent by the base station according to a kth bit value in the data to be sent in a kth sending time interval from the sending start time, where the scattering processing is to scatter the excitation signal sent by the base station or not to scatter the excitation signal, k is 1,2, … … n, and n is the number of bits included in the data to be sent.
Step 506, the receiving device sequentially determines an energy value of a signal received in each detection time interval from the detection start time, and determines a bit value according to each energy value, where the signal is an excitation signal sent by the base station or a combination of the excitation signal and a scattering signal, and the scattering signal is a signal generated after the transmitting device scatters the excitation signal.
It should be noted that the receiving device may start receiving the signal from before step 505 and calculate the energy value of the received signal.
Step 507, when the receiving device obtains p continuous bit values same as a preset preamble and obtains q continuous bit values same as preset address information within a first preset time period after obtaining the p bit values, determining target data, where the target data includes the p bit values, the q bit values, and s continuous bit values after the q bit values, where p, q, and s are positive integers.
Since the embodiment shown in fig. 5 is a combination of the embodiment shown in fig. 2 and the embodiment shown in fig. 4, the same or similar parts may refer to the embodiment shown in fig. 2 and the embodiment shown in fig. 4, and are not described again here.
Referring to fig. 6, a block diagram of an embodiment of a backscatter communication apparatus provided in the present application may be disposed in a transmitting device, or may be the transmitting device itself. The backscatter communication device may include: receiving section 601, processing section 602, and transmitting section 603.
The receiving unit 601 is configured to receive a wakeup signal sent by a base station.
A processing unit 602, configured to determine a sending start time of data to be sent according to the wakeup signal.
A sending unit 603, configured to perform, in a kth sending time interval from the sending start time, scattering processing on an excitation signal sent by the base station according to a kth bit value in the data to be sent, where the scattering processing is to scatter the excitation signal sent by the base station or not to scatter the excitation signal, and k is 1,2, … … n, where n is the number of bits included in the data to be sent.
Preferably, the kth transmission time interval includes at least one symbol, and the start time and the end time of the kth transmission time interval are both located at a boundary of a symbol.
Preferably, the processing unit 602 is specifically configured to:
determining a monitoring starting time according to the wakeup signal;
detecting energy of a signal received in an ith transmission time interval from the monitoring starting moment, wherein the signal is the excitation signal or a combination of the excitation signal and a scattering signal, the scattering signal is a signal generated after a transmission device except the transmission device scatters the excitation signal, and i is 1,2, … … m, and m is a positive integer;
and when the energy of the signals received by the sending equipment in the m sending time intervals is the same, determining the end time of the mth sending time interval as the sending start time of the data to be sent.
Preferably, the transmission start time and the transmission end time of the data to be transmitted are both located in the same time unit, and the transmission end time of the data to be transmitted is not located at the boundary of the time unit, and the energy of the excitation signal transmitted by the base station in each symbol in the time unit is the same.
Referring to fig. 7, a block diagram of another embodiment of a backscatter communication apparatus provided in the present application, the apparatus may be disposed in a receiving device, or may be the receiving device itself. The backscatter communications apparatus may include: a receiving unit 701 and a processing unit 702.
The receiving unit 701 is configured to receive a wakeup signal sent by a base station.
A processing unit 702, configured to determine a detection start time according to the wakeup signal.
The receiving unit 701 is further configured to sequentially determine an energy value of a signal received in each detection time interval from the detection start time, and determine a bit value according to each energy value, where the signal is an excitation signal sent by the base station or a combination of the excitation signal and a scattering signal, and the scattering signal is a signal generated after the transmitting device scatters the excitation signal;
the processing unit 702 is further configured to determine target data when p consecutive bit values that are the same as a preset preamble are obtained and q consecutive bit values that are the same as preset address information are obtained within a first preset time period after the p bit values are obtained, where the target data includes the p bit values, the q bit values, and s consecutive bit values after the q bit values, and p, q, and s are positive integers.
Preferably, the receiving unit 701 is specifically configured to:
and determining a bit value corresponding to each energy value through comparison between each energy value and a reference value, wherein the reference value is the energy value of the wakeup signal received by the receiving device in one detection time interval.
Preferably, the detection time interval comprises at least one symbol, and the start time and the end time of the detection time interval are both located at the boundary of the symbol.
Preferably, the processing unit 702 is further configured to:
when the receiving device does not obtain p continuous bit values which are the same as a preset lead code in a second preset time period after the receiving device receives the wakeup signal, or does not obtain q continuous bit values which are the same as preset address information in a first preset time period after the p bit values are obtained, stopping determining the energy value of the received signal in each detection time interval, and stopping determining the bit value obtained in each detection time interval according to the energy value.
The present application further provides a communication system that may include the apparatus shown in fig. 6 and the apparatus shown in fig. 7.
Referring to fig. 8, a schematic structural diagram of another embodiment of a backscatter communication device provided in this application may include: a processor 801, a memory 802, and a transceiver 803.
The processor 801 is a control center for backscatter communications, connects various parts of the overall deployment facility using various interfaces and lines, and executes or executes software programs and/or modules stored in memory and calls to data stored in memory to perform various functions of the backscatter communications device and/or process the data. The processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), or a combination of a CPU and an NP. The processor may further include a hardware chip. The hardware chip may be an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), a Programmable Logic Device (PLD), or a combination thereof. The PLD may be a Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD), a field-programmable gate array (FPGA), a General Array Logic (GAL), or any combination thereof.
The memory 802 may include volatile memory (volatile memory), such as Random Access Memory (RAM); a non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory) such as a flash memory (flash memory), a hard disk (HDD) or a solid-state drive (SSD); the memory may also comprise a combination of memories of the kind described above. The memory may store a program or code, and the processor in the network element may implement the functions of the network element by executing the program or code.
The transceiver 803 may be used to enable communication between the device and other devices.
Corresponding to the backscatter communication method shown in fig. 2, in an alternative embodiment, the transceiver 803 is configured to receive a wakeup signal sent by a base station; the processor 801 is configured to determine a sending start time of data to be sent according to the wakeup signal; the processor 801 is further configured to, in a kth transmission time interval from the transmission start time, perform scattering processing on the excitation signal sent by the base station according to a kth bit value in the data to be sent, where the scattering processing is to scatter the excitation signal or not to scatter the excitation signal, and k is 1,2, … … n, where n is a number of bits included in the data to be sent.
Corresponding to the backscatter communication method shown in fig. 4, in another alternative embodiment, the transceiver 803 is configured to receive a wakeup signal sent by a base station; a processor 801, configured to determine a detection start time according to the wakeup signal; the transceiver 803 is further configured to sequentially determine an energy value of a signal received in each detection time interval from the detection start time, and determine a bit value according to each energy value, where the signal is an excitation signal sent by the base station or a combination of the excitation signal and a scattering signal, and the scattering signal is a scattering signal sent by a sending device; the processor 801 is further configured to, when p consecutive bit values that are the same as a preset preamble are obtained and q consecutive bit values that are the same as preset address information are obtained within a first preset time period after the p bit values are obtained, determine target data, where the target data includes the p bit values, the q bit values, and s consecutive bit values after the q bit values, where p, q, and s are positive integers.
The present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium may store instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform steps comprising some or all of the steps in the embodiments of the method provided by the present invention. The readable storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), or the like.
The present application also provides a computer program product comprising instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform some or all of the steps described above, including the steps of the various embodiments of the methods provided by the present invention.
The present application also provides a chip comprising a processor and/or program instructions, which when run, implements the method of the embodiment shown in fig. 2 of the present application or implements the method of the embodiment shown in fig. 4.
Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the techniques of this application may be implemented in software plus any necessary general purpose hardware platform. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions in the present application may be essentially or partially implemented in the form of software products, which may be stored in a storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk, etc., and include instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments or some parts of the embodiments of the present invention.
In the present description, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, for example, the description of the above-mentioned apparatus or device may refer to the corresponding method embodiment. The above-described embodiments of the present invention do not limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (19)
1. A method of backscatter communication, comprising:
the sending equipment receives a wakeup signal sent by the base station;
the sending equipment determines a monitoring starting moment according to the wakeup signal;
the sending equipment detects the energy of a downlink signal received in an ith sending time interval from the monitoring starting moment, the downlink signal is an excitation signal sent by the base station or a combination of the excitation signal and a scattering signal sent by the base station, the scattering signal is a signal generated after other sending equipment except the sending equipment scatters the excitation signal, and i is 1,2, … … m, and m is a positive integer;
if the energy of the downlink signals received by the sending equipment in m sending time intervals is the same, determining the end time of the mth sending time interval as the sending start time of the data to be sent;
and the transmitting equipment performs scattering processing on the excitation signal sent by the base station according to a kth bit value in the data to be transmitted in a kth transmission time interval from the transmission starting time, wherein the scattering processing is to scatter the excitation signal sent by the base station or not to scatter the excitation signal, and k is 1,2, … … n, where n is the number of bits contained in the data to be transmitted.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the kth transmission time interval comprises at least one symbol, and wherein a start time and an end time of the kth transmission time interval are both located at a boundary of a symbol.
3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the transmission start time and the transmission end time of the data to be transmitted are both located in the same time unit, and the transmission end time of the data to be transmitted is not located at the boundary of the time unit, and the energy of the excitation signal transmitted by the base station in each symbol in the time unit is the same.
4. A method of backscatter communication, comprising:
the sending equipment receives a wakeup signal sent by the base station;
the receiving equipment receives a wakeup signal sent by the base station;
the sending equipment determines the monitoring starting time according to the wakeup signal received by the sending equipment;
the receiving equipment determines a detection starting moment according to the wakeup signal received by the receiving equipment;
the sending equipment detects the energy of a downlink signal received in an ith sending time interval from the monitoring starting time, the downlink signal received by the sending equipment is an excitation signal sent by the base station or a combination of the excitation signal and a scattering signal sent by the base station, the scattering signal is a signal generated after other sending equipment except the sending equipment scatters the excitation signal, i is 1,2, … … m, and m is a positive integer;
if the energy of the downlink signals received by the sending equipment in m sending time intervals is the same, determining the end time of the mth sending time interval as the sending start time of the data to be sent;
the sending device performs scattering processing on the excitation signal sent by the base station according to a kth bit value in the data to be sent in a kth sending time interval from the sending start time, wherein the scattering processing is to scatter the excitation signal sent by the base station or not to scatter the excitation signal, k is 1,2, … … n, and n is the number of bits contained in the data to be sent;
the receiving device sequentially determines an energy value of a downlink signal received in each detection time interval from the detection starting time, and determines a bit value according to each energy value, the downlink signal received by the receiving device is an excitation signal sent by the base station or a combination of the excitation signal and a scattering signal sent by the base station, and the scattering signal is a signal generated after the transmitting device scatters the excitation signal;
the receiving equipment determines target data when p continuous bit values identical to a preset lead code are obtained and q continuous bit values identical to preset address information are obtained in a first preset time period after the p bit values are obtained, wherein the target data comprise the p bit values, the q bit values and s continuous bit values after the q bit values, and p, q and s are positive integers.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein determining a bit value from each of the energy values comprises:
and determining a bit value corresponding to each energy value through comparison between each energy value and a reference value, wherein the reference value is the energy value of the wakeup signal received by the receiving device in one detection time interval.
6. The method according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the detection time interval comprises at least one symbol, and wherein the start time and the end time of the detection time interval are both located at the boundary of the symbol.
7. The method of claim 4 or 5, further comprising:
and when the receiving equipment does not obtain p continuous bit values which are the same as the preset lead code in a second preset time period after the receiving equipment receives the wakeup signal or does not obtain q continuous bit values which are the same as the preset address information in a first preset time period after the p bit values are obtained, stopping determining the energy value of the downlink signal received in each detection time interval and stopping determining the bit value obtained in each detection time interval according to the energy value.
8. The method of claim 4, wherein the kth transmission time interval comprises at least one symbol, and wherein a start time and an end time of the kth transmission time interval are both located at a boundary of a symbol.
9. The method according to claim 4 or 8, wherein the transmission start time and the transmission end time of the data to be transmitted are both located in the same time cell, and the transmission end time of the data to be transmitted is not located at the boundary of the time cell, and the energy of the excitation signal transmitted by the base station in each symbol in the time cell is the same.
10. A backscatter communication device, comprising:
the receiving unit is used for receiving the wakeup signal sent by the base station;
the processing unit is used for determining a monitoring starting moment according to the wakeup signal; detecting energy of a downlink signal received in an ith transmission time interval from the monitoring starting time, wherein the downlink signal is an excitation signal transmitted by the base station or a combination of the excitation signal and a scattering signal transmitted by the base station, the scattering signal is a signal generated after other transmission equipment except the transmission equipment scatters the excitation signal, and i is 1,2, … … m, and m is a positive integer; when the energy of the downlink signals received by the sending equipment in m sending time intervals is the same, determining the end time of the mth sending time interval as the sending start time of the data to be sent;
a sending unit, configured to perform scattering processing on the excitation signal sent by the base station in a kth sending time interval from the sending start time according to a kth bit value in the data to be sent, where the scattering processing is to scatter the excitation signal sent by the base station or not to scatter the excitation signal, k is 1,2, … … n, and n is a number of bits included in the data to be sent.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the kth transmission time interval comprises at least one symbol, and wherein a start time and an end time of the kth transmission time interval are both located at a boundary of a symbol.
12. The apparatus according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the transmission start time and the transmission end time of the data to be transmitted are both located in the same time unit, and the transmission end time of the data to be transmitted is not located at the boundary of the time unit, and the energy of the excitation signal transmitted by the base station in each symbol in the time unit is the same.
13. A communication system comprising a transmitting device and a receiving device;
the sending equipment is used for receiving the wakeup signal sent by the base station; determining a monitoring starting time according to the wakeup signal; detecting energy of a downlink signal received in an ith sending time interval from the monitoring starting time, wherein the downlink signal is an excitation signal sent by the base station or a combination of the excitation signal and a scattering signal sent by the base station, the scattering signal is a signal generated after other sending equipment except the sending equipment scatters the excitation signal, i is 1,2, … … m, and m is a positive integer; when the energy of the downlink signals received by the sending equipment in m sending time intervals is the same, determining the end time of the mth sending time interval as the sending start time of the data to be sent; in a kth transmission time interval from the transmission starting time, performing scattering processing on an excitation signal sent by the base station according to a kth bit value in the data to be transmitted, where the scattering processing is to scatter the excitation signal sent by the base station or not to scatter the excitation signal, and k is 1,2, … … n, where n is the number of bits included in the data to be transmitted;
the receiving device is used for receiving a wakeup signal sent by the base station; determining a detection starting moment according to the wakeup signal; sequentially determining an energy value of a downlink signal received in each detection time interval from the detection starting moment, and determining a bit value according to each energy value, wherein the downlink signal is an excitation signal sent by the base station or a combination of the excitation signal and a scattering signal sent by the base station, and the scattering signal is a signal generated after the excitation signal is scattered by sending equipment; when p continuous bit values which are the same as a preset lead code are obtained, and q continuous bit values which are the same as preset address information are obtained in a first preset time period after the p bit values are obtained, target data are determined, wherein the target data comprise the p bit values, the q bit values and s continuous bit values after the q bit values, and p, q and s are positive integers.
14. The communication system of claim 13, wherein:
the receiving device is specifically configured to determine a bit value corresponding to each energy value by comparing each energy value with a reference value, where the reference value is an energy value of a wakeup signal received by the receiving device in one detection time interval.
15. A communication system according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the detection time interval comprises at least one symbol and the start time and the end time of the detection time interval are both located at the boundaries of the symbol.
16. The communication system according to claim 13 or 14, wherein:
the receiving device is further configured to terminate determining an energy value of the downlink signal received in each detection time interval and terminate determining the bit value obtained in each detection time interval according to the energy value when the receiving device does not obtain p consecutive bit values that are the same as a preset preamble within a second preset time period after receiving the wakeup signal or does not obtain q consecutive bit values that are the same as preset address information within a first preset time period after obtaining the p bit values.
17. The communication system according to claim 13, wherein the kth transmission time interval comprises at least one symbol, and wherein the starting time and the ending time of the kth transmission time interval are both located at the boundary of a symbol.
18. The communication system according to claim 13 or 17, wherein the transmission start time and the transmission end time of the data to be transmitted are both located in the same time unit, and the transmission end time of the data to be transmitted is not located at the boundary of the time unit, and the energy of the excitation signal transmitted by the base station in each symbol in the time unit is the same.
19. A computer-readable storage medium having stored therein instructions which, when executed on a computer, cause the computer to perform the method of any one of claims 1-3 or the method of any one of claims 4-9.
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- 2018-03-23 WO PCT/CN2018/080133 patent/WO2019178824A1/en active Application Filing
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