CN111879605A - Impact loading device with adjustable contact rigidity and contact rigidity adjusting method thereof - Google Patents
Impact loading device with adjustable contact rigidity and contact rigidity adjusting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111879605A CN111879605A CN202010949524.0A CN202010949524A CN111879605A CN 111879605 A CN111879605 A CN 111879605A CN 202010949524 A CN202010949524 A CN 202010949524A CN 111879605 A CN111879605 A CN 111879605A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
- G01M7/08—Shock-testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/303—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated only by free-falling weight
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Abstract
The invention discloses an impact loading device with adjustable contact rigidity and a contact rigidity adjusting method thereof, wherein the impact loading device with adjustable contact rigidity comprises a hammer head, a rigidity changing device and a counterweight device which are fixedly connected in sequence, the rigidity changing device comprises a body and a plurality of counterweight transferring parts arranged on the periphery of the body, and guide rails are fixed on the inner sides of the counterweight transferring parts; the body is provided with a plurality of telescopic ejection rods, the end parts of the ejection rods are provided with first roller sliding blocks, the first roller sliding blocks and a guide rail fixed on the counterweight transfer part form a guide rail pair, and the outer peripheral surface of the counterweight device is provided with a second roller rolling sliding block. Through the guide rail sliding block pair, the position of the counterweight transfer part is adjusted, and then the rigidity of the impact loading device can be adjusted, so that the contact rigidity of the impact loading device can be regulated and controlled without disassembling the whole device, frequent replacement of accessories is avoided, and the test result is more accurate and convenient. Therefore, the requirement of contact rigidity required by the test is met, the actual requirement is met, and the operation is convenient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of impact experiments, and particularly relates to an impact loading device with adjustable contact rigidity and a contact rigidity adjusting method thereof.
Background
Impact collision is a common mechanical phenomenon in daily life and engineering application, and test simulation of the impact collision is an effective research means, and a drop hammer impact tester is one of important experimental devices. The drop hammer impact tester consists of frame, guide rail, hammer, lifter, controller, etc. The basic principle is that the impact loading is realized on a test piece by utilizing the speed of a free falling body, so that the response of materials and structures under the action of impact load is researched. During the experiment, the test piece is located the guide rail lowermost part, and tup and counter weight are located the test piece top, promote tup and counter weight through controlling means and hoisting device, release after reaching the assigned height, later tup and counter weight will be along the guide rail free fall motion, realize the loading on striking the test piece at last.
However, in the experimental process, because the requirements of the experiment on the contact rigidity of the impact hammer are different, the hammer and the counterweight can be frequently replaced, so that the experimental process becomes very complicated, and the experimental progress is influenced. Therefore, it is necessary to design an impact loading hammer head device with adjustable contact rigidity, so that intelligent regulation and control are realized, a test system is more accurate and reliable, and the device is more consistent with engineering practice.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the impact loading device capable of conveniently adjusting the contact rigidity and the contact rigidity adjusting method thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the impact loading device with adjustable contact rigidity comprises a hammer head, a rigidity changing device and a counterweight device which are fixedly connected in sequence, wherein the rigidity changing device comprises a body and a plurality of counterweight transferring parts arranged on the periphery of the body, and guide rails are fixed on the inner sides of the counterweight transferring parts; the body is provided with a plurality of telescopic ejection rods, the end parts of the ejection rods are provided with first roller sliders, the first roller sliders and guide rails fixed on the counterweight transfer part form guide rail pairs, and the outer peripheral surfaces of the counterweight devices are provided with second roller rolling sliders.
Further, the body includes heating device, memory metal sheet and the thermal-insulated section of thick bamboo of outer heat preservation that inside to outside coaxial setting in proper order, and the memory metal sheet is radial arrangement along circumference between heating device and the thermal-insulated section of thick bamboo of outer heat preservation.
Furthermore, two layers of memory metal plates are arranged from inside to outside and are separated by an inner heat-insulation cylinder.
Furthermore, the upper end and the lower end of the outer heat-insulation cylinder are provided with cover plates, so that the body forms a closed cavity.
Furthermore, the counterweight transfer parts are divided into two groups, and the ejection rods connected with the counterweight transfer parts of the same group are controlled by the same control signal.
Furthermore, the counterweight transfer part is connected with two ejection rods which are arranged up and down.
Further, a buckle is arranged outside the counterweight device, and a connecting ring for inserting the buckle is arranged at the top of the counterweight transfer part.
Further, the heating device adopts a 115-flange heating pipe.
The contact rigidity adjusting method of the impact loading device controls the extension of the ejection rod, so that the ejection rod pushes part or all of the counterweight transfer part out of the rigidity changing device, then the counterweight transfer part is manually pushed onto the upper counterweight device along the guide rails of the first roller slide block and the second roller slide block, and the counterweight transfer part and the counterweight device are fixed.
The contact rigidity adjusting method of the impact loading device comprises the following steps:
and 2, heating the heating device to enable the memory metal plate to generate plastic deformation, so that the memory metal plate expands and butts against the outer heat-insulation cylinder from four directions of the plane of the memory metal plate to realize rigidity change of the rigidity changing device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
because the experiment requires different impact loading device contact rigidity, hammer and counter weight can be frequently changed, thereby making the experimental process become very loaded down with trivial details, having influenced the progress of experiment. According to the invention, the position of the counterweight transfer part is adjusted through the guide rail sliding block pair, so that the rigidity of the impact loading device can be adjusted, the contact rigidity of the impact loading device can be adjusted and controlled without disassembling the whole device, frequent replacement of accessories is avoided, and the test result is more accurate and convenient. Therefore, the requirement of contact rigidity required by the test is met, the actual requirement is met, and the operation is convenient.
Further, the body includes heating device, memory metal sheet and the thermal-insulated section of thick bamboo that keeps warm outward that sets gradually, the memory metal sheet is radial arrangement along circumference between heating device and the thermal-insulated section of thick bamboo that keeps warm outward, and the adjustment of rigidity is realized to accessible heating device's heating temperature, can follow two dimensions and regulate and control the contact rigidity that strikes loading device.
Furthermore, the memory metal plate is provided with two layers from inside to outside, and the two layers of memory metal plates are separated by the inner heat-insulating cylinder, so that two grades of rigidity adjustment can be realized and can be selected as required.
Furthermore, the upper end and the lower end of the outer heat-insulation cylinder are provided with the cover plates, so that the body is sealed to form a sealed cavity, the heat-insulation performance of the heat-insulation cylinder is ensured, the heat generated by the heating device is not wasted, and the energy is saved.
Furthermore, the counterweight transfer parts are divided into two groups, the ejection rods driving the counterweight transfer parts in the same group are controlled by the same control signal, the control is convenient, and two-gear adjustment can be realized.
Furthermore, the counterweight transfer part is connected with two ejection rods which are arranged up and down, so that the connection stability of the ejection rods and the counterweight transfer part is improved.
Furthermore, a hasp is arranged outside the counterweight device, a connection used for inserting the hasp is arranged at the top of the counterweight transfer part, and after the hasp is inserted into the connecting ring, the counterweight transfer part is further fixed outside the counterweight device.
Furthermore, the ejection rod is an electric telescopic rod and is convenient to control.
After the previous impact test is finished, when the contact rigidity of the impact loading device needs to be changed according to the experimental requirements, after the power is on, a remote controller of the ejection rod is manually pressed to push a counterweight transfer part out of a rigidity changing device, and then the counterweight transfer part is manually pushed to the counterweight device and fixed, so that the cross section area of the rigidity changing device is reduced, and the contact rigidity of the whole device is reduced.
Furthermore, fine adjustment of contact rigidity can be achieved through the heating device and the memory metal plate, the heating device is heated through temperature control of the external temperature control cabinet, the memory metal plate is subjected to plastic deformation and expands, and the memory metal plate abuts against the heat-insulation barrel of the heating device cabin from four directions of the plane of the memory metal plate, so that rigidity change of the rigidity changing device is achieved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detail view of the stiffness changing device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a stiffness changing device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a top plan view of the weight transfer of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view of the weight transfer of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a rail and block fit;
FIG. 7 is a view of the elastic shock-absorbing snap and the connection method.
In the drawings: 1. the device comprises a hammer head, 2, a rigidity changing device, 3, a counterweight device, 4, a first bolt, 5, a second bolt, a first ejection rod, 7, a second ejection rod, 8, a guide rail, 9, a buckle, 10, a first roller sliding block, 11, a second roller sliding block, 21, a counterweight transferring part, 22, a first ejection device, 24, a second ejection device, 25, a heating device, 26, a memory metal plate, 27, an outer heat-preservation heat-insulation cylinder and 28, an inner heat-preservation heat-insulation cylinder.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects and technical solutions of the present invention clearer and easier to understand. The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples, wherein the specific examples are provided for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, an impact loading device with adjustable contact rigidity comprises a base, a first connecting rod and a second connecting rod, wherein the first connecting rod and the second connecting rod are fixedly connected through threads from bottom to top in sequence: the hammer head 1, the rigidity changing device 2 and the counterweight device 3. The hammer head 1 and the rigidity changing device 2 are fixedly connected through a first bolt 4, the rigidity changing device 2 and the counterweight device 3 are fixedly connected through a second bolt 5, and through holes used for penetrating through wires are formed in the center axis positions of the first bolt 4 and the second bolt 5.
Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the rigidity changing device 2 includes a heating device 25, a memory metal plate 26, an inner heat-insulating cylinder 28, a memory metal plate 26, an outer heat-insulating cylinder 27, and a counterweight transfer portion 21, which are sequentially arranged from inside to outside, and further includes a first ejector 22, a second ejector 24, a guide rail 8, and an ejector rod. Wherein, the guide rail 8 is a double-shaft core roller linear guide rail SG, and the ejection rod is a miniature electric push rod. Wherein, the heating device 25 adopts a 115-flange heating pipe. Referring to fig. 3 to 5, the heating device 25 is disposed in the inner core of the whole rigidity changing device 2, and is connected to an external temperature control cabinet through a central axis through wire. Outwards are in proper order that heating device 25 periphery is the radial fixed ring memory metal sheet 26 that is equipped with, and the heat insulating cylinder 28 that keeps warm is fixed with outward to the ring memory metal sheet 26 external fixation, and the outer wall of interior heat insulating cylinder 28 evenly is fixed with second circle memory metal sheet 26, and second circle memory metal sheet 26 external fixation has outer heat insulating cylinder 27 that keeps warm, total two-layer memory metal sheet and two-layer heat insulating metal cylinder that keeps warm. The side wall of the external heat-insulating cylinder 27 is connected with the balance weight transfer part 21 through a guide rail sliding block pair, and 4 balance weight transfer parts 21 are arranged outside the external heat-insulating cylinder 27. The upper end and the lower end of the outer heat-insulation and heat-insulation cylinder 27 are respectively provided with a cover plate, so that the outer heat-insulation and heat-insulation cylinder 27 is sealed to form a closed cavity, a first ejection device 22 is fixed on the upper cover plate, a second ejection device 24 is fixed on the lower cover plate, four first ejection rods 6 are uniformly arranged in the first ejection device 22, four second ejection rods 7 are uniformly arranged in the second ejection device 24, and the four first ejection rods 6 are respectively arranged right above the four second ejection rods 7; the first ejection rod 6 and the second ejection rod 7 are both telescopic rods, and can be electric telescopic rods or other types of telescopic rods. The first ejection rod 6 and the second ejection rod 7 are controlled by remote control, and the wiring of the first ejection rod and the second ejection rod penetrates out through a reserved through hole. The first ejection rod 6 and the second ejection rod 7 are respectively fixed with a first roller slider 10, the first roller slider 10 is connected with the guide rail 8, the first roller slider 10 can slide on the guide rail 8, one counterweight transfer part 21 corresponds to a pair of ejection rods in the height direction, the pair of ejection rods comprises the first ejection rod 6 and the second ejection rod 7 which are vertically arranged, and the linkage of the four counterweight transfer parts 21 is controlled by the same button. All the connecting wires penetrate through the central axis of the device and are left with proper length, so that the free fall of the impact test is not influenced.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, in order to allow the weight transfer section 21 to be easily moved out of the weight device 3, a second roller block 11 is fixed to the outer circumference of the weight device 3. In order to fix the weight transfer part 21 outside the weight device 3, an attachment ring is fixed on the top of the weight transfer part 21, a buckle 9 inserted into the attachment ring is arranged outside the weight device 3, and after the buckle 9 is inserted into the attachment ring, the weight transfer part 21 is further fixed outside the weight device 3.
In order to realize the adjustability of the contact rigidity of the whole device, the invention is provided with two dimensional functional gears, namely, a gear A and a gear B, wherein the gear A has a wide adjusting range, and the gear B is used for fine adjustment. The A gear has two gears, namely, the A1 gear and the A2 gear, and the B gear has two gears, namely, the B1 gear and the B2 gear.
After the previous impact test is completed, when the contact rigidity of the impact loading device needs to be changed according to the test requirements, after the power is turned on, the remote controller of the ejection rod 7 is manually pressed to push the counterweight transfer part 21 out of the rigidity changing device 2, then the counterweight transfer part 21 is manually pushed onto the upper counterweight device 3 along the guide rails of the first roller slide block 10 and the second roller slide block 11, and the counterweight transfer part 21 and the counterweight device 3 are fixed by the elastic damping buckle 9. This allows the cross-sectional area of the rigidity-varying device 2 to be reduced to reduce the contact rigidity of the entire device. Two buttons are remotely controlled by the ejection rods, and two pairs of ejection rods are triggered by pressing the button 1 to push out two symmetrical counterweight transfer parts, namely A1 gears; pressing button 2 triggers the remaining two pairs of ejection levers to eject all of the weight transfer sections 21, i.e., a 2.
The B grade is realized by a heating device 25 externally connected with a temperature control cabinet and a memory metal plate 26, wherein the memory metal is adopted as the material for heating the metal plate 26 of the closed cavity, namely, the material can recover the original macroscopic shape in another temperature range after plastic deformation in a certain temperature range. The temperature of the heating device 25 is controlled by an external temperature control cabinet to be increased, so that the memory metal plate 26 is plastically deformed, the memory metal plate 26 is expanded and is respectively propped against the heat-insulating cylinder of the heating device cabin from four directions of the plane of the memory metal plate, and the memory metal plate 26 also has the functions of heat insulation, thereby realizing the rigidity change of the rigidity change device part.
The above-mentioned contents are only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereby, and any modification made on the basis of the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The impact loading device with adjustable contact rigidity is characterized by comprising a hammer head (1), a rigidity changing device (2) and a counterweight device (3) which are fixedly connected in sequence, wherein the rigidity changing device (2) comprises a body and a plurality of counterweight transfer parts (21) arranged on the periphery of the body, and guide rails (8) are fixed on the inner sides of the counterweight transfer parts (21); the body is provided with a plurality of telescopic ejection rods, the end part of each ejection rod is provided with a first roller sliding block (10), the first roller sliding blocks (10) and a guide rail (8) fixed on a counterweight transfer part (21) form a guide rail pair, and the peripheral surface of the counterweight device (3) is provided with a second roller sliding block (11).
2. The impact loading device with adjustable contact rigidity according to claim 1, wherein the body comprises a heating device (25), a memory metal plate (26) and an outer heat-insulating and heat-insulating cylinder (27) which are coaxially arranged from inside to outside, and the memory metal plate (26) is radially arranged between the heating device (25) and the outer heat-insulating and heat-insulating cylinder (27) along the circumferential direction.
3. The impact loading device with adjustable contact rigidity according to claim 2, characterized in that the memory metal plate (26) is provided with two layers from inside to outside, and the two layers of memory metal plates are separated by an inner heat-insulating and heat-insulating cylinder (28).
4. The impact loading device with adjustable contact rigidity according to claim 2, wherein the upper end and the lower end of the outer heat-insulating cylinder (27) are provided with cover plates, so that the body forms a closed cavity.
5. The impact loading device with adjustable contact rigidity according to claim 1, wherein the weight transfer parts (21) are divided into two groups, and the ejection rods connected with the same group of weight transfer parts (21) are controlled by the same control signal.
6. The impact loading device with adjustable contact rigidity according to claim 1, characterized in that the weight transfer part (21) is connected with two ejection rods arranged up and down.
7. An impact loading device with adjustable contact rigidity according to claim 1 is characterized in that a buckle (9) is arranged outside the counterweight device (3), and a connecting ring for inserting the buckle (9) is arranged at the top of the counterweight transfer part (21).
8. The impact loading device with adjustable contact rigidity according to claim 1, characterized in that the heating device (25) adopts 115-flange heating tube.
9. A contact rigidity adjusting method of an impact loading apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the projecting rod (7) is controlled to be elongated so that the projecting rod (7) pushes part or all of the weight transfer section (21) out of the rigidity changing means (2), and then the weight transfer section (21) is manually pushed to the upper weight means (3) along the first roller slider (10) and the second roller slider (11) guide rails and fixed with the weight transfer section (21) and the weight means (3).
10. A method for adjusting contact stiffness of an impact loading device according to claim 2, comprising the steps of:
step 1, controlling an ejection rod (7) to extend, enabling the ejection rod (7) to push out part or all of a counterweight transfer part (21) from a rigidity changing device (2), then manually pushing the counterweight transfer part (21) to a counterweight device (3) at the upper part along guide rails of a first roller sliding block (10) and a second roller sliding block (11), and fixing the counterweight transfer part (21) and the counterweight device (3);
and 2, heating the heating device (25) to enable the memory metal plate (26) to generate plastic deformation, enabling the memory metal plate (26) to expand and respectively prop against the outer heat-insulation cylinder (27) from four directions of the plane of the memory metal plate, and realizing the rigidity change of the rigidity changing device.
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| CN202010949524.0A CN111879605B (en) | 2020-09-10 | 2020-09-10 | Impact loading device with adjustable contact rigidity and contact rigidity adjusting method thereof |
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| CN202010949524.0A CN111879605B (en) | 2020-09-10 | 2020-09-10 | Impact loading device with adjustable contact rigidity and contact rigidity adjusting method thereof |
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| CN111879605B CN111879605B (en) | 2023-02-24 |
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