CN111879281A - Long-range corner precise distance measuring device and measuring method - Google Patents
Long-range corner precise distance measuring device and measuring method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111879281A CN111879281A CN202010750373.6A CN202010750373A CN111879281A CN 111879281 A CN111879281 A CN 111879281A CN 202010750373 A CN202010750373 A CN 202010750373A CN 111879281 A CN111879281 A CN 111879281A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C3/00—Measuring distances in line of sight; Optical rangefinders
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01C—MEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
- G01C5/00—Measuring height; Measuring distances transverse to line of sight; Levelling between separated points; Surveyors' levels
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Abstract
The invention discloses a long-range corner precise distance measuring device which comprises a base, wherein a vertical through hole shaft is arranged on the base, a ball prism mounting seat is arranged on the through hole shaft, a support is arranged on the base, a U-shaped supporting arm is arranged on the support, and a plane reflector is arranged on the U-shaped supporting arm. The method for measuring the edge length of the grain width comprises the following steps: measuring the linear distance c using the formula c2＝a2+b2And (4) calculating the distance b between the total station and the center of the plane reflector, wherein the valley width side length S is H-b. The method for measuring the elevation of the horizontal gallery comprises the following steps: measuring the distance b from the total station to the center of the plane reflector and measuring the whole distance e from the total station to the horizontal gallery ball prism; the elevation h of the horizontal gallery is g-e + b + f. According to the invention, the multiple valley width side lengths at two sides of the dam-close valley can be accurately measured by using only one total station, so that automatic and intelligent measurement is realized. The invention relates to a method for measuring the elevation of a horizontal galleryThe labor intensity and the risk are reduced, the measurement precision is ensured, and the working efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of long-distance measurement, in particular to a long-range corner precise distance measuring device and a long-range corner precise distance measuring method.
Background
Valley amplitude measurement (length measurement between a pair of fixed points of a valley formed by mountain bodies on two banks of a river in a near dam reservoir area and corresponding to the left bank and the right bank) is a project for monitoring arch dam type hydropower stations in China at present. At present, most of domestic and foreign fields use manual methods to implement the precision distance measurement related to the two banks of rivers, which wastes time and labor, has large labor capacity and high safety risk; furthermore, in some hydropower station design schemes, one distance measuring instrument is fixed for measurement when each valley is measured, and multiple valley measurements need to be implemented by fixing multiple distance measuring instruments, so that automatic monitoring can be realized to replace manual monitoring, but one distance measuring instrument needs to be fixed when the side length of one valley is measured, so that the cost of the method is too high, and the safety and the protection of the multiple distance measuring instruments placed outdoors for a long time are both big problems.
For dams with horizontal galleries. The elevation change in the horizontal corridor relates to the deformation problem inside the dam, and is a deformation monitoring item which must be paid attention to in dam safety monitoring, and the common method is to manually measure the leveling in the pedestrian step tunnels with large inclination at the two ends of the dam and transfer the elevation of the dam crest into the horizontal corridor at the middle lower part of the dam in a small section and a small section to detect the elevation change in the horizontal corridor. It is conceivable that this method is time consuming and laborious, and that the safety risk is high. If the measurement is not done, the accuracy will be out of limit if the measurement is not done, and the measurement will be needed again if the measurement is done again, or the measurement will be done by people or instruments if the measurement is done again.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a long-range corner precise distance measuring device and method.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the long-range corner precise distance measuring device comprises a base, wherein a vertical through hole shaft is arranged on the base, a ball prism mounting seat is arranged on the through hole shaft, a ball prism is arranged on the ball prism mounting seat, a support is arranged on the base, a U-shaped supporting arm is arranged on the support, and a plane reflector fixing disc is arranged on the U-shaped supporting arm; the plane mirror fixing disc is provided with a plane mirror, two ends of the plane mirror fixing disc are hinged to the U-shaped supporting arms through hinged trunnions, connecting lines of the hinged trunnions at the two ends are horizontal, and the connecting lines of the hinged trunnions are superposed with the center of the plane mirror; the central line of the through hole shaft vertically passes through the reflection center of the plane reflector, and the hinged trunnion is provided with a vertical rotation adjusting mechanism.
A method for measuring the length of valley width side by adopting a long-range corner precise distance measuring device comprises the following steps:
s1: a target prism is installed on one side of a river bank needing to measure the width and the length of the valley side as a target point, a corner distance measuring device and a total station are installed on the other side of the river bank, and meteorological instruments are arranged beside the target prism and the corner distance measuring device, so that the visibility between the total station and a long-range corner precise distance measuring device is ensured;
s2: installing a spherical prism (6) on a spherical prism installation seat (11), opening a total station, aligning the total station to the spherical prism (6), and measuring a linear distance c from the total station to the spherical prism (6);
s3: after the total station is aligned to the reflection center of the plane reflector (5), the total station is kept still, the vertical angle and the horizontal angle of the plane reflector (5) are adjusted through the vertical rotating turntable (2) and the horizontal rotating turntable (10) until the center of a telescope cross wire of the total station is aligned to a target prism on the other side of the river bank, and the vertical rotating turntable (2) and the horizontal rotating turntable (10) are fixed;
s4: measuring the total distance H from the total station to a target prism on the total station, and acquiring meteorological parameters of the target prism and a long-range corner precision distance measuring device;
s5: using the formula c2＝a2+b2Calculating the distance b from the total station to the reflection center of the plane reflector (5), wherein a is the distance from the center of the spherical prism (6) to the center of the plane reflector (5), and a is a fixed value;
s6: and calculating the length S of the valley width edge to be measured at two sides of the river bank as H-b, inputting the meteorological parameters and the valley width S into a meteorological correction formula to obtain the final corrected valley amplitude value, and finishing the measurement of the valley width length.
A method for measuring the elevation of a horizontal gallery of a dam by using a long-range corner precise distance measuring device comprises the following steps:
a1: a hollow centering base (17) is installed above a vertical gallery at the top of the dam by using a measuring tripod, a zenith and nadir instrument is installed on the centering base (17), the center of the zenith and nadir instrument is vertically projected to the bottom of the intersection of the vertical gallery and the horizontal gallery, and labeling is given;
a2: embedding a ball prism base in the center of the marked position, installing a ball prism on the ball prism base, enabling the reflecting surface of the ball prism to be vertically upward, adjusting a centering base (17) by adopting a zenith nadir instrument, and enabling the center of the centering base (17) and the center of the ball prism at the bottom of the horizontal gallery to be located on the same plumb line;
a3: burying a new level datum point near the dam crest where the vertical corridor is located;
a4: transmitting the elevation to a new leveling base point from the leveling base point at any stable position on the dam top by using a water level measurement method;
a5: taking down the zenith and nadir instrument from the centering base (17), installing a long-range corner precise distance measuring device, and erecting a leveling rod on a leveling base point;
a6: erecting a level gauge near a vertical corridor on the top of the dam, enabling the distance from the level gauge to a leveling rod to be equal to the distance from the level gauge to the reflection center of a plane reflector (5), adjusting the height of the level gauge, enabling the level gauge to be aligned to the reflection center of the plane reflector (5) after being leveled, rotating the level gauge to be aligned to the reading of the leveling rod, and obtaining an elevation measurement value g of the reflection center of the plane reflector;
a7: erecting a total station at a set position of the dam crest from a vertical corridor, observing a plane reflector (5) by using the total station, adjusting the vertical and horizontal angles of the plane reflector (5) until a cross wire of the total station is aligned to the center of the plane reflector, and measuring the distance b from the total station to the reflection center of the plane reflector (5);
a8: the total station keeps still, observes the plane reflector (5) with the total station, and then adjusts the vertical and horizontal angle of the plane reflector (5), makes the center of the horizontal gallery ball prism appear at the center of the cross wire of the total station, measures the whole distance e to the center of the horizontal gallery bottom ball prism through the plane reflector (5) with the total station;
a9: and the elevation h of the position of the center of the horizontal gallery ball prism is g-e + b + f, wherein f is the radius of the horizontal gallery ball prism.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the scheme converts conventional direct linear distance measurement of infrared electromagnetic waves into measurement of two linear distances with a certain angle by using the plane reflector, namely, the linear distance measurement of the front section of the center of the plane reflector is carried out through a total station, and the linear distance measurement of the rear section from the center of the plane reflector to a distant target point after the angle is turned is carried out, so that the final target distance measurement is obtained.
In order to accurately aim at a target point at a far end in a telescope of a total station at a starting end of distance measurement, the invention designs a horizontal rotating turntable and a vertical rotating turntable which can horizontally and rotationally adjust a plane reflector, and decomposes the rotation quantity of the plane reflector into two axes in horizontal and vertical directions for linkage rotation.
And this scheme has still designed second locking screw and the first locking screw that can fix adjusting position, has guaranteed that long-range corner distance measurement can be repeated many times, has solved the difficult problem of distance measurement under the special operating mode condition among the long-range distance measurement.
The long-range corner precise distance measuring device can measure the distance of the slightly-inclined horizontal direction at the dam crest by taking the distance measuring corner as the vertical direction. The precise distance from the dam crest to the bottom of the horizontal gallery in the vertical direction is simply and quickly obtained through the existing vertical shaft at the dam crest of the dam, namely the elevation transmission from the dam crest to the horizontal gallery is completed.
According to the invention, the multiple valley width side lengths on two sides of the river bank can be accurately measured by only using one total station, so that automatic and intelligent measurement is realized. Meanwhile, the current situations of high risk and high labor intensity of the horizontal gallery elevation measurement of the dam can be thoroughly changed, the measurement precision is guaranteed, the working efficiency is greatly improved, and the cost is saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural view of a long-range corner precision distance measuring apparatus.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of measuring the length of valley width side by using a long-range corner precision distance measuring device.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the elevation measurement of a dam horizontal gallery using a long-range corner precision distance measuring device.
The device comprises a base, a first locking screw, a vertical rotation turntable, a vertical rotation adjusting mechanism, a hinge trunnion, a plane reflector, a ball prism, a base, a second locking screw, a three-jaw chuck, a horizontal rotation turntable, a ball prism mounting seat, a U-shaped supporting arm, a support, a plane reflector fixing disk, a horizontal bubble, a through hole shaft, a centering base, a vertical micro-motion knob, a horizontal micro-motion knob, a ball prism mounting seat, a supporting arm, a supporting seat, a plane reflector fixing disk, a supporting seat, a horizontal bubble, a through hole shaft, a centering.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
As shown in fig. 1, the long-range corner precise distance measuring device of the scheme comprises a base 7, wherein a vertical through hole shaft 16 is arranged on the base 7, a ball prism mounting seat 11 is arranged on the through hole shaft 16, a ball prism 6 is arranged on the ball prism mounting seat 11, a support 13 is arranged on the base 7, a U-shaped support arm 12 is arranged on the support 13, and a plane reflector fixing disc 14 is arranged on the U-shaped support arm 12; a plane reflector 5 is arranged on the plane reflector fixing disc 14, two ends of the plane reflector fixing disc 14 are hinged on the U-shaped supporting arm 12 through hinged trunnions 4, the connecting lines of the hinged trunnions 4 at the two ends are horizontal, and the connecting lines of the hinged trunnions 4 are superposed with the center of the plane reflector 5; the central line of the through hole shaft 16 vertically passes through the reflection center of the plane mirror 5, and the hinge trunnion 4 is provided with a vertical rotation adjusting mechanism 3.
The vertical rotation adjusting mechanism 3 comprises a vertical rotation turntable 2, the vertical rotation turntable 2 is connected with a hinged trunnion 4, the vertical rotation turntable 2 is fixed on a U-shaped supporting arm 12, the vertical rotation turntable 2 can roughly adjust the vertical angle rotation of the plane transmitting mirror, and a first dial is arranged on the vertical rotation turntable 2. The vertical rotation adjusting mechanism 3 is provided with a vertical micro-motion rotating knob 18 which is arranged on the first locking screw 1 for locking the hinged trunnion 4 and the vertical rotation adjusting mechanism 3.
The lower end of the base 7 is provided with a horizontal rotating turntable 10, the horizontal rotating turntable 10 is rotatably connected with the base 7, the horizontal rotating turntable 10 can rotate at a roughly adjusted horizontal angle, and the horizontal rotating turntable 10 is provided with a second dial. The base 7 is provided with a second locking screw 8 for locking the horizontal rotating dial 10, and the horizontal rotating dial 10 is provided with a horizontal micro-motion rotating knob 19. The lower end of the horizontal rotating turntable 10 is provided with a three-jaw chuck 9, the three-jaw chuck 9 is fixed on a centering base 17, and a horizontal bubble 15 is arranged on the base 7.
According to the scheme, the horizontal angle and the vertical angle of the plane reflector 5 are adjusted through two-axis linkage, so that the measuring beam of the total station is reflected to the appointed far-end target, the operation is simple, and the cost is low. The first dial can read the vertical rotation angle of the plane mirror 5, the vertical micro-motion knob 18 can facilitate the fine and precise adjustment, and after the vertical angle is adjusted, the locking is carried out through the first locking screw 1. The second dial reads the horizontal rotation angle of the plane reflector 5, the horizontal micro-motion knob 19 can facilitate small precise adjustment, and after the horizontal angle is adjusted, the plane reflector is locked through the second locking screw 8. The horizontal bubble 15 is used for displaying the levelness of the base 7, and is convenient for leveling the base of the long-range corner precision distance measuring device.
As shown in fig. 2, the method for measuring the length of the valley width side by using the long-range corner precise distance measuring device in the scheme comprises the following steps:
s1: a target prism is installed on one side of a river bank needing to measure the width and the length of the valley side as a target point, a corner distance measuring device and a total station are installed on the other side of the river bank, and meteorological instruments are arranged beside the target prism and the corner distance measuring device, so that the visibility between the total station and a long-range corner precise distance measuring device is ensured;
s2: installing a spherical prism (6) on a spherical prism installation seat (11), opening a total station, aligning the total station to the spherical prism (6), and measuring a linear distance c from the total station to the spherical prism (6);
s3: after the total station is aligned to the reflection center of the plane reflector (5), the total station is kept still, the vertical angle and the horizontal angle of the plane reflector (5) are adjusted through the vertical rotating turntable (2) and the horizontal rotating turntable (10) until the center of a telescope cross wire of the total station is aligned to a target prism on the other side of the river bank, and the vertical rotating turntable (2) and the horizontal rotating turntable (10) are fixed;
s4: measuring the total distance H from the total station to a target prism on the total station, and acquiring meteorological parameters of the target prism and a long-range corner precision distance measuring device;
s5: using the formula c2＝a2+b2Calculating the distance b from the total station to the reflection center of the plane reflector (5), wherein a is the distance between the center of the spherical prism (6) and the center of the plane reflector (5), a is a fixed value, and the value a is determined after the long-range corner precise distance measuring device is processed;
s6: and calculating the length S of the valley width edge to be measured at two sides of the river bank as H-b, inputting the meteorological parameters and the valley width S into a meteorological correction formula to obtain the final corrected valley amplitude value, and finishing the measurement of the valley width length.
According to the invention, the multiple valley width side lengths on two sides of the river bank can be accurately measured by only using one total station, so that automatic and intelligent measurement is realized. The target prism and the corner distance measuring device are correspondingly arranged on a pair of points on two sides of the river bank, which need to measure the valley width and the edge length, and the valley width and the edge length of the corresponding points need to be measured, and the total station is sequentially instructed to align to the long-range corner precise distance measuring device arranged on the corresponding point to carry out measurement. The total station is arranged at each fixed position for placing the long-range corner precise distance measuring device, so that the cost of a plurality of instruments is greatly saved, the programming work is simplified, the automatic measurement and analysis of the side length of a plurality of valley widths can be implemented, and the intellectualization of valley width measurement is really realized.
As shown in fig. 3, the method for measuring the elevation of the horizontal gallery of the dam by using the long-range corner precise distance measuring device in the scheme comprises the following steps:
a1: a hollow centering base (17) is installed above a vertical gallery at the top of the dam by using a measuring tripod, a zenith and nadir instrument is installed on the centering base (17), the center of the zenith and nadir instrument is vertically projected to the bottom of the intersection of the vertical gallery and the horizontal gallery, and labeling is given;
a2: embedding a ball prism base in the center of the marked position, installing a ball prism on the ball prism base, enabling the reflecting surface of the ball prism to be vertically upward, adjusting a centering base (17) by adopting a zenith nadir instrument, and enabling the center of the centering base (17) and the center of the ball prism at the bottom of the horizontal gallery to be located on the same plumb line;
a3: burying a new level datum point near the dam crest where the vertical corridor is located;
a4: transmitting the elevation to a new leveling base point from the leveling base point at any stable position on the dam top by using a water level measurement method;
a5: taking down the zenith and nadir instrument from the centering base (17), installing a long-range corner precise distance measuring device, and erecting a leveling rod on a leveling base point;
a6: erecting a level gauge near a vertical corridor on the top of the dam, enabling the distance from the level gauge to a leveling rod to be equal to the distance from the level gauge to the reflection center of a plane reflector (5), adjusting the height of the level gauge, enabling the level gauge to be aligned to the reflection center of the plane reflector (5) after being leveled, rotating the level gauge to be aligned to the reading of the leveling rod, and obtaining an elevation measurement value g of the reflection center of the plane reflector;
a7: erecting a total station at a set position of the dam crest from a vertical corridor, observing a plane reflector (5) by using the total station, adjusting the vertical and horizontal angles of the plane reflector (5) until a cross wire of the total station is aligned to the center of the plane reflector, and measuring the distance b from the total station to the reflection center of the plane reflector (5);
a8: the total station keeps still, observes the plane reflector (5) with the total station, and then adjusts the vertical and horizontal angle of the plane reflector (5), makes the center of the horizontal gallery ball prism appear at the center of the cross wire of the total station, measures the whole distance e to the center of the horizontal gallery bottom ball prism through the plane reflector (5) with the total station;
a9: the elevation h of the position of the center of the horizontal gallery ball prism is g-e + b + f, wherein f is the radius of the horizontal gallery ball prism, and f is known to be 22.5 mm.
And if the required accuracy of elevation measurement is high, respectively measuring the temperature, the humidity and the air pressure at the dam crest and the measured horizontal corridor, respectively carrying out meteorological correction on e and b according to a meteorological correction general formula of infrared laser ranging, obtaining the meteorological corrected e and b, and substituting h into g-e + b + f to calculate h.
The top of the spherical prism is used as a ruler pad, leveling in the horizontal corridor can be implemented according to a specified leveling grade, and the elevation values of other leveling base points in the corridor at the measuring moment can be obtained.
The invention converts the traditional complex leveling work of short distance, large height difference, multiple turning points, difficulty and danger coexistence of the horizontal gallery elevation measurement into one-time slightly-inclined distance measurement and vertical distance measurement, and has the advantages of time saving, labor saving, safety, reliability and high precision. The labor intensity of the horizontal gallery elevation transmission measurement of the dam is thoroughly reduced, the interference from the outside is less, and the working efficiency is greatly improved.
Claims (9)
1. The long-range corner precise distance measuring device is characterized by comprising a base (7), wherein a vertical through hole shaft (16) is arranged on the base (7), a ball prism mounting seat (11) is arranged on the through hole shaft (16), a ball prism (6) is arranged on the ball prism mounting seat (11), a support (13) is arranged on the base (7), a U-shaped support arm (12) is arranged on the support (13), and a plane reflector fixing disc (14) is arranged on the U-shaped support arm (12); the plane mirror fixing disc (14) is provided with a plane mirror (5), two ends of the plane mirror fixing disc (14) are hinged to the U-shaped supporting arm (12) through hinged trunnions (4), the connecting line of the hinged trunnions (4) at the two ends is horizontal, and the connecting line of the hinged trunnions (4) is superposed with the center of the plane mirror (5); the central line of the through hole shaft (16) vertically passes through the reflection center of the plane reflector (5), and the hinged trunnion (4) is provided with a vertical rotation adjusting mechanism (3).
2. The long-range corner precise distance measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the vertical rotation adjusting mechanism (3) comprises a vertical rotation turntable (2), the vertical rotation turntable (2) is connected with the hinged trunnion (4), the vertical rotation turntable (2) is fixed on the U-shaped supporting arm (12), and a first dial is arranged on the vertical rotation turntable (2).
3. The long-range corner precise distance measuring device according to claim 2, wherein the vertical rotation adjusting mechanism (3) is provided with a first locking screw (1) for locking the hinged trunnion (4), and the vertical rotation adjusting mechanism (3) is provided with a vertical micro-motion rotation knob (18).
4. The long-range corner precise distance measuring device according to claim 1, wherein a horizontal rotating turntable (10) is arranged at the lower end of the base (7), the horizontal rotating turntable (10) is rotatably connected with the base (7), and a second dial is arranged on the horizontal rotating turntable (10).
5. The long-range corner precise distance measuring device according to claim 4, wherein a second locking screw (8) for locking the horizontal rotation turntable (10) is arranged on the base (7), and a horizontal micro-motion rotation knob (19) is arranged on the horizontal rotation turntable (10).
6. The long-range corner precise distance measuring device according to claim 4, wherein the lower end of the horizontal rotating turntable (10) is provided with a three-jaw chuck (9), and the three-jaw chuck (9) is fixed on a centering base (17).
7. The long-range corner precise distance measuring device according to claim 1, wherein the base (7) is provided with a horizontal bubble (15).
8. A method for measuring the length of a valley width side by using the long-range corner precise distance measuring device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: a target prism is installed on one side of a river bank needing to measure the width and the length of the valley side as a target point, a corner distance measuring device and a total station are installed on the other side of the river bank, and meteorological instruments are arranged beside the target prism and the corner distance measuring device, so that the visibility between the total station and a long-range corner precise distance measuring device is ensured;
s2: installing a spherical prism (6) on a spherical prism installation seat (11), opening a total station, aligning the total station to the spherical prism (6), and measuring a linear distance c from the total station to the spherical prism (6);
s3: after the total station is aligned to the reflection center of the plane reflector (5), the total station is kept still, the vertical angle and the horizontal angle of the plane reflector (5) are adjusted through the vertical rotating turntable (2) and the horizontal rotating turntable (10) until the center of a telescope cross wire of the total station is aligned to a target prism on the other side of the river bank, and the vertical rotating turntable (2) and the horizontal rotating turntable (10) are fixed;
s4: measuring the total distance H from the total station to a target prism on the total station, and acquiring meteorological parameters of the target prism and a long-range corner precision distance measuring device;
s5: using the formula c2＝a2+b2Calculating the distance b from the total station to the reflection center of the plane reflector (5), wherein a is the distance from the center of the spherical prism (6) to the center of the plane reflector (5), and a is a fixed value;
s6: and calculating the length S of the valley width edge to be measured at two sides of the river bank as H-b, inputting the meteorological parameters and the valley width S into a meteorological correction formula to obtain the final corrected valley amplitude value, and finishing the measurement of the valley width length.
9. A method of measuring the elevation of a horizontal gallery of a dam using a long-range corner precision distance measuring device of any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
a1: a hollow centering base (17) is installed above a vertical gallery at the top of the dam by using a measuring tripod, a zenith and nadir instrument is installed on the centering base (17), the center of the zenith and nadir instrument is vertically projected to the bottom of the intersection of the vertical gallery and the horizontal gallery, and labeling is given;
a2: embedding a ball prism base in the center of the marked position, installing a ball prism on the ball prism base, enabling the reflecting surface of the ball prism to be vertically upward, adjusting a centering base (17) by adopting a zenith nadir instrument, and enabling the center of the centering base (17) and the center of the ball prism at the bottom of the horizontal gallery to be located on the same plumb line;
a3: burying a new level datum point near the dam crest where the vertical corridor is located;
a4: transmitting the elevation to a new leveling base point from the leveling base point at any stable position on the dam top by using a water level measurement method;
a5: taking down the zenith and nadir instrument from the centering base (17), installing a long-range corner precise distance measuring device, and erecting a leveling rod on a leveling base point;
a6: erecting a level gauge near a vertical corridor on the top of the dam, enabling the distance from the level gauge to a leveling rod to be equal to the distance from the level gauge to the reflection center of a plane reflector (5), adjusting the height of the level gauge, enabling the level gauge to be aligned to the reflection center of the plane reflector (5) after being leveled, rotating the level gauge to be aligned to the reading of the leveling rod, and obtaining an elevation measurement value g of the reflection center of the plane reflector;
a7: erecting a total station at a set position of the dam crest from a vertical corridor, observing a plane reflector (5) by using the total station, adjusting the vertical and horizontal angles of the plane reflector (5) until a cross wire of the total station is aligned with the reflection center of the plane reflector, and measuring the distance b from the total station to the reflection center of the plane reflector (5);
a8: the total station keeps still, observes the plane reflector (5) with the total station, and then adjusts the vertical and horizontal angle of the plane reflector (5), makes the center of the horizontal gallery ball prism appear at the center of the cross wire of the total station, measures the whole distance e to the center of the horizontal gallery bottom ball prism through the plane reflector (5) with the total station;
a9: and the elevation h of the position of the center of the horizontal gallery ball prism is g-e + b + f, wherein f is the radius of the horizontal gallery ball prism.
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