CN111879222B - Flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision - Google Patents
Flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision Download PDFInfo
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- CN111879222B CN111879222B CN202010721696.2A CN202010721696A CN111879222B CN 111879222 B CN111879222 B CN 111879222B CN 202010721696 A CN202010721696 A CN 202010721696A CN 111879222 B CN111879222 B CN 111879222B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/28—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques for measuring roughness or irregularity of surfaces
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Abstract
The application relates to the field of engineering supervision equipment, in particular to a flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision. The flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision comprises a base, a testing rod, a testing plate and a first driving mechanism, wherein a connecting block is arranged on the base, a lifting channel is arranged on the connecting block, the lifting channel penetrates through the upper end and the lower end of the connecting block, the lower end of the connecting block is higher than the lower end of the base, and the testing rod is vertically arranged in the lifting channel and can lift along the lifting channel; the number of the test rods is multiple, and the number of the lifting channels is the same as that of the test rods and corresponds to that of the test rods one by one; the vertical measuring tape that is provided with on the base is equipped with the scale on the measuring tape, and the setting of surveying the board liftable is on the measuring tape, surveys the board and is located lift passageway top, and a actuating mechanism is used for the drive to survey the board and goes up and down. This application has the effect that improves measurement accuracy.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of engineering supervision equipment, in particular to a flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision.
Background
At present, project supervision refers to controlling the quality, cost and progress of construction projects in the construction stage, managing contracts and information, coordinating the relationship of relevant parties of the construction projects, and performing service activities of legal responsibilities of safety production management of the construction projects. The pavement evenness is one of the main indexes for measuring the overall structure and the pavement quality of the road. The flatness of the road surface plays an important role in the driving speed, the running cost and the safety and comfort of the motor vehicle, so that the flatness of the road surface needs to be detected in the process of project supervision.
The existing pavement evenness is usually measured by using a three-meter-long ruler on which a leveling instrument is arranged. The measuring method comprises the steps that three-meter straight rulers are horizontally arranged on the road surface, one measurer presses the three-meter straight rulers to enable the three-meter straight rulers not to move, the other measurer visually observes the position with the largest gap between the lower part of the three-meter straight rulers and the road surface, then the other straight ruler is used for measuring the gap distance between the lower part of the three-meter straight rulers and the road surface, and the flatness of the road surface is obtained. The maximum gap is obtained by visual observation by a measurer, so the measurement error is large.
With respect to the related art described above, the inventors consider that there is a drawback that the measurement error is large.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve measurement accuracy, this application provides a roughness measuring apparatu for engineering supervision.
The application provides a roughness measuring apparatu for engineering supervision adopts following technical scheme:
a flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision comprises a base, a testing rod, a testing plate and a first driving mechanism, wherein a connecting block is arranged on the base, a lifting channel is arranged on the connecting block, the lifting channel penetrates through the upper end and the lower end of the connecting block, the lower end of the connecting block is higher than the lower end of the base, and the testing rod is vertically arranged in the lifting channel and can lift along the lifting channel; the number of the test rods is multiple, and the number of the lifting channels is the same as that of the test rods and corresponds to that of the test rods one by one; the base is vertically provided with a detection ruler, the detection ruler is provided with scales, the detection plate can be lifted and arranged on the detection ruler, the detection plate is located above the lifting channel, and the first driving mechanism is used for driving the detection plate to lift.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, during the detection, paste the road surface that waits to detect with the base lower extreme, ground has bellied place can jack-up the test bar this moment, then start first actuating mechanism and order about to survey test panel and descend until survey the test panel bottom surface and offset by the top surface of the test bar that the jack-up is the highest, read out the distance between survey test panel lower extreme and the base bottommost through the measuring tape, then subtract the length of test bar with this distance, alright reachs the roughness on road surface, this measuring scheme need not the biggest department in survey person's visual clearance, protruding highest point can be automatic with this test bar jack-up of department to than other test bars height, when surveying the test panel descends, also can be automatic with offset by the highest test bar of jack-up, the human error is difficult to appear, so this roughness measuring apparatu measuring error is less, measurement accuracy has been improved.
Preferably, the first driving mechanism comprises a first screw rod and a first movable sleeve, the first screw rod is vertically arranged on the base and can rotate relative to the base, the first movable sleeve is sleeved on the first screw rod in a threaded manner, and the first movable sleeve is fixedly connected with the test board; the detecting ruler is vertically provided with a guide plate, the guide plate is provided with a first guide groove, the length direction of the first guide groove is along the vertical direction, a first guide block is arranged in the first guide groove, and the first guide block is fixedly connected with one side of the testing board, which deviates from the first movable sleeve.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because the length direction of first guide way is along vertical direction, so set up the first guide block in first guide way and can only follow vertical direction motion, thereby survey test panel with first guide block fixed connection and also can only follow vertical direction motion, when first lead screw rotates, can not follow first lead screw synchronous rotation with survey test panel fixed connection's first removal cover, also can only follow vertical direction motion, survey test panel with first removal cover fixed connection this moment and also can corresponding along vertical direction motion, thereby survey test panel when first lead screw rotates towards different directions and can corresponding lift.
Preferably, the flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision further comprises a lifting plate and a second driving mechanism, the lifting plate is arranged on the base and can lift relative to the base, and the second driving mechanism is used for driving the lifting plate to lift; the test device is characterized in that a lifting hole is formed in the lifting plate, a limiting piece is arranged at the upper end of the test rod, the lower end of the test rod sequentially penetrates through the lifting hole and the lifting channel, and the diameter of the limiting piece is larger than the aperture of the lifting hole.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when carrying the distance of carrying board and base bottom when carrying the board and rising and surpassing the height of test bar, the upper end and the spacing piece of carrying the board offset to the test bar also can be by corresponding mentioning, and the unable downstream of test bar this moment, this roughness measuring apparatu can be comparatively convenient removal. When the lifting plate falls to the height that the distance between the lifting plate and the bottom end of the base is lower than the test rod, the test rod is in a state capable of moving along the vertical direction, so that when the bulge on the road surface is abutted against the bottom end of the test rod, the test rod can correspondingly rise, and therefore the test can be conveniently unfolded at the moment.
Preferably, the second driving mechanism comprises a second screw rod and a second moving sleeve, and the second screw rod is vertically arranged on the base and can rotate relative to the base; the second moving sleeve is sleeved on the second screw rod in a threaded manner, and the second moving sleeve is fixedly connected with the lifting plate; the guide plate is provided with a second guide groove, the length direction of the second guide groove is along the vertical direction, a second guide block is arranged in the second guide groove in a sliding mode, and one side, away from the second moving sleeve, of the pulling plate is fixedly connected with the second guide block.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because the length direction of second guide way is along vertical direction, so set up the second guide block in the second guide way and can only follow vertical direction motion, thereby carry the arm-tie with second guide block fixed connection and also can only follow vertical direction motion, when the second lead screw rotates, the second with carrying arm-tie fixed connection removes the cover and can not follow the synchronous rotation of second lead screw, also can only follow vertical direction motion, carry the arm-tie with second removal cover fixed connection and also can corresponding along vertical direction motion this moment, thereby carry the arm-tie and can corresponding lift when the second lead screw rotates towards different directions.
Preferably, the flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision further comprises a first rotating handle and a gear shifting mechanism, wherein the gear shifting mechanism is used for driving the first rotating handle when a first gear is arranged, the first screw rod rotates, and the second gear drives the first rotating handle to rotate the second screw rod.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, only need switch to keep off the position and just enable the person of measuring and rotate through first lead screw of first rotation handle drive or second lead screw, the person of measuring use feels better.
Preferably, the gear shifting mechanism comprises a gear shifting wheel, a first face gear, a second face gear, a third face gear, a fourth face gear and a driving rod, the driving rod is rotatably arranged on the base, the first rotating handle is fixedly connected with the end part of the driving rod, and the first face gear and the second face gear are rotatably sleeved on the driving rod; the first end face gear is meshed with the third end face gear, the third end face gear is fixedly sleeved on the first screw rod, the second end face gear is meshed with the fourth end face gear, and the fourth end face gear is fixedly sleeved on the second screw rod; the driving rod is provided with a sliding groove, the sliding groove extends along the length direction of the driving rod, the gear shifting wheel is provided with a sliding block, and the sliding block is inserted into the sliding groove; the gear shifting wheel is positioned between the first face gear and the second face gear and is used for keeping the gear shifting wheel relatively fixed with the first face gear when sliding to a first position and keeping the gear shifting wheel relatively fixed with the second face gear when sliding to a second position; the gear shifting wheel is used for being located at a first position when in a first gear and being located at a second position when in a second gear.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, because the spout of the slider of shifting the wheel inserts the actuating lever, the spout extends along the length direction of actuating lever, so the wheel of shifting can't rotate for the actuating lever, and the actuating lever rotation can be followed to the wheel of shifting when the actuating lever rotates, and when the slider slided in the spout simultaneously, the corresponding length direction of actuating lever of following of the wheel of shifting slided to the wheel of shifting can slide on the actuating lever, also can rotate under the drive of actuating lever. When the first rotating handle is rotated, the driving rod can correspondingly rotate, the gear shifting wheel can correspondingly rotate along with the driving rod, when the gear shifting wheel and the first end face gear are relatively fixed, the third end face gear meshed with the first end face gear can correspondingly rotate, and the first screw rod can correspondingly rotate as the third end face gear is fixedly sleeved on the first screw rod; when the gear shifting wheel and the second end face gear are kept relatively fixed, the fourth end face gear meshed with the second end face gear can correspondingly rotate, and the fourth end face gear is fixedly sleeved on the second screw rod, so that the second screw rod can correspondingly rotate, and the first rotating handle can drive the first screw rod or the second screw rod to rotate only by keeping the gear shifting wheel and the first end face gear or the second end face gear relatively fixed.
Preferably, both sides of shifting wheel all are equipped with the spline, first face gear and second face gear all are equipped with the spline groove with the relative side of shifting wheel, the spline be used for with spline groove joint cooperation.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the spline that shifts the wheel inserts the spline groove on the first terminal surface gear, first terminal surface gear can keep relatively fixed with shifting the wheel, first rotation handle drives the corresponding rotation of first terminal surface gear when the actuating lever rotates this moment, and then first lead screw rotates, when the spline that shifts the wheel inserts the spline groove on the second terminal surface gear, the second terminal surface gear can keep relatively fixed with shifting the wheel, first rotation handle drives the corresponding rotation of second terminal surface gear also can when the actuating lever rotates this moment, and then the second lead screw rotates, thereby only need to move and shift the wheel to different positions and just can play the function of shifting, so that drive first lead screw or second lead screw rotate when first rotation handle rotates.
Preferably, the flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision further comprises an operating mechanism, and the operating mechanism is used for driving the shifting wheel to slide to the first position and the second position.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the slip that the wheel can be convenient of shifting, the shift that the measurement person can be convenient.
Preferably, the operating mechanism comprises a gear shifting shaft, the gear shifting shaft is arranged on the base, the length direction of the gear shifting shaft is horizontal to the length direction of the driving rod, the gear shifting shaft is connected with a gear shifting fork in a sliding mode along the axis direction, a connecting ring is arranged on the gear shifting fork, a gear shifting wheel is located in the connecting ring and is rotatably connected with the connecting ring, a gear shifting rod is hinged to the gear shifting shaft, a connecting rod is hinged to the gear shifting rod, and one end, deviating from the gear shifting rod, of the connecting rod is hinged to the gear shifting fork.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the connecting rod just can drive the fork of shifting gears and slide at the gear shift epaxial when removing the gear level to shift gears the wheel of shifting gears that the go-between rotation on the fork of shifting gears and be connected and also can follow the fork motion of shifting gears, and then the wheel of shifting gears just can slide on the actuating lever, so only need operate the gear level and just enable the wheel of shifting gears and slide in order to play the effect of shifting gears, the gear level has increased operation personnel's application of force area, operation personnel convenient operation, the use sense is better.
Preferably, the two sides of the base are respectively provided with an auxiliary block, the auxiliary blocks are provided with a threaded hole, a screw rod is connected with the threaded hole in a threaded manner, the lower end of the screw rod is provided with a universal wheel, and the upper end of the screw rod is provided with a second rotating handle; the lower end of the auxiliary block is provided with an accommodating groove communicated with the threaded hole, and the accommodating groove is used for accommodating the universal wheel; and the auxiliary block of one side of the base, which deviates from the gear shifting mechanism, is provided with a storage weight box.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, only need to rotate the second and rotate the rotation that the handle screw rod just can be corresponding to the screw hole on the screw rod just can stretch out and draw back for the auxiliary block, thereby the universal wheel of being connected with the screw rod bottom can go up and down for the base, when the universal wheel descends, the removal that this roughness measuring apparatu can be convenient, when the universal wheel rises, the universal wheel can be located the holding tank, and this roughness measuring apparatu during operation universal wheel is difficult for producing the influence to measuring. Simultaneously because this roughness measuring apparatu is equipped with shift mechanism's one end can be heavier, through set up storing weight box on the auxiliary block that deviates from shift mechanism one side at the base, make the both ends of base reach balanced, and can be heavier than the interlude when having made things convenient for the measurer to place article, so this roughness measuring apparatu is difficult when wind-force is great skew influences measurement accuracy, and measurement accuracy is high.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the flatness measuring instrument has small measurement error and improves the measurement precision;
2. the use feeling of a measurer is better;
3. the flatness measuring instrument can be conveniently moved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a view angle of a flatness measuring apparatus for engineering supervision according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the flatness measuring apparatus for engineering supervision in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic connection structure diagram of a gear shift mechanism, an operating mechanism, a first screw and a second screw according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another view angle of a flatness measuring apparatus for engineering supervision according to an embodiment of the present application.
Description of reference numerals: 1. a base; 2. a test rod; 3. a test board; 4. connecting blocks; 5. a lifting channel; 6. a first drive mechanism; 61. a first lead screw; 62. a first moving sleeve; 7. a second drive mechanism; 71. a second lead screw; 72. a second movable sleeve; 8. a gear shift mechanism; 81. a gear shifting wheel; 82. a first face gear; 83. a second face gear; 84. a third face gear; 85. a fourth face gear; 86. a drive rod; 9. an operating mechanism; 91. a shift shaft; 92. a shift fork; 93. a connecting ring; 94. a shift lever; 95. a connecting rod; 10. detecting a ruler; 11. calibration; 12. a guide plate; 13. a first guide groove; 14. a first guide block; 15. lifting the plate; 16. lifting and pulling the hole; 17. a limiting sheet; 18. a second guide groove; 19. a second guide block; 20. a first rotating handle; 21. a chute; 23. a spline; 24. a spline groove; 25. an auxiliary block; 26. a threaded hole; 27. a screw; 28. a universal wheel; 29. a second rotating handle; 30. accommodating grooves; 31. a storage weight box; 32. a cover body; 33. and (4) poking holes.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-4.
The embodiment of the application discloses flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision. Referring to fig. 1, the flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision comprises a base 1, wherein a connecting block 4 is arranged on the base 1, the connecting block 4 can be connected with the base 1 through a bolt, a lifting channel 5 is arranged on the connecting block 4, the axis of the lifting channel 5 runs through the upper end and the lower end of the connecting block 4 along the vertical direction, and the lower end of the connecting block 4 is higher than the lower end of the base 1. Be equipped with test rod 2 in the lift passageway 5, lift passageway 5 can be cylindrical passageway, and test rod 2 can be cylindrical pole, and the diameter of test rod 2 is less than lift passageway 5's bore to test rod 2 can go up and down for lift passageway 5. The number of the test rods 2 is multiple, and the number of the lifting channels 5 is the same as that of the test rods 2 and corresponds to that of the test rods 2 one by one. When detecting, paste the road surface that waits to detect with base 1 lower extreme, ground has bellied place can jack-up test rod 2 this moment.
Referring to fig. 1, the one end of connecting block 4 is connected with detection ruler 10, is equipped with scale 11 on the detection ruler 10, and 11 chi zero scale 11 lines on the scale can with 1 lower extreme parallel and level of base, be equipped with on the detection ruler 10 and survey test panel 3 that can go up and down for base 1, survey test panel 3 and be located lift 5 top. When the test rod is jacked up, order about the test panel 3 and descend until the test panel 3 bottom surface offsets with the top surface by the highest test rod 2 of jack-up, read out the distance between test panel 3 lower extreme and the base 1 bottommost through measuring ruler 10, then subtract the length of test rod 2 with this distance, alright reachs the roughness on road surface, this measuring scheme need not the biggest department in measurer visual clearance, protruding highest point can be automatic with the test rod 2 jack-up of this department to 2 highs than other test rods, when testing panel 3 descends, also can be automatic with by the highest test rod 2 counterbalance of jack-up, the human error is difficult for appearing, so this roughness measuring apparatu measuring error is less, measurement accuracy has been improved.
Referring to fig. 1, a first driving mechanism 6 for driving a test board 3 to ascend and descend is arranged on a base 1, and the first driving mechanism 6 is specifically arranged, the first driving mechanism 6 includes a first lead screw 61 and a first movable sleeve 62, the first lead screw 61 is vertically arranged on the base 1 and can rotate relative to the base 1, the first lead screw 61 and the base 1 can be connected through a bearing, the first movable sleeve 62 is in threaded sleeve connection with the first lead screw 61, the first movable sleeve 62 can be a square sleeve, the first movable sleeve 62 and the test board 3 are fixedly connected, the fixed connection mode can be integrated, a guide is arranged on a detection ruler 10, the guide is a square guide plate 12, the guide plate 12 is in a vertical state, the guide plate 12 is connected with the base 1, and the connection mode can be in bolt connection. Be equipped with first guide way 13 on the deflector 12, the length direction of first guide way 13 is along vertical direction, and first guide way 13 can be square groove, is equipped with first guide block 14 in the first guide way 13, and first guide block 14 is corresponding can be square piece, and first guide block 14 and survey test panel 3 deviate from one side fixed connection of first removal cover 62, and fixed connection mode can be integrated into one piece. Because the length direction of first guide way 13 is along vertical direction, so set up the first guide block 14 in first guide way 13 and can only follow vertical direction motion, thereby survey test panel 3 with first guide block 14 fixed connection and also can only follow vertical direction motion, when first lead screw 61 rotates, first removal cover 62 with survey test panel 3 fixed connection can not follow first lead screw 61 and rotate in step, also can only follow vertical direction motion, survey test panel 3 with first removal cover 62 fixed connection this moment and also can corresponding along vertical direction motion, thereby survey test panel 3 when first lead screw 61 rotates towards different directions and can corresponding lift.
Further, referring to fig. 1, the flatness measuring apparatus for engineering supervision further includes a lifting plate 15 and a second driving mechanism 7, the lifting plate 15 may be a square plate, the lifting plate 15 is disposed on the base 1, the lifting plate 15 is disposed between the testing plate 3 and the connecting block 4, the lifting plate 15 can be lifted relative to the base 1, a lifting hole 16 is disposed on the lifting plate 15, a limiting piece 17 is disposed at the upper end of the testing rod 2, the connecting manner between the limiting piece 17 and the testing rod 2 may be welding or integrated, the lower end of the testing rod 2 sequentially penetrates through the lifting hole 16 and the lifting channel 5, and the diameter of the limiting piece 17 is greater than the aperture of the lifting hole 16. When the distance between the lifting plate 15 and the bottom end of the base 1 exceeds the height of the test rod 2 when the lifting plate 15 is lifted, the upper end of the lifting plate 15 is abutted to the limiting piece 17, so that the test rod 2 can be correspondingly lifted, the test rod 2 cannot move downwards, and the flatness measuring instrument can move conveniently. When the lifting plate 15 is lowered to a position where the distance between the lifting plate 15 and the bottom end of the base 1 is lower than the height of the testing rod 2, the testing rod 2 is in a state capable of moving along the vertical direction, so that when the bulge on the road surface is abutted against the bottom end of the testing rod 2, the testing rod 2 can be correspondingly lifted, and the test can be conveniently carried out at the moment.
Referring to fig. 1, the second driving mechanism 7 is configured to drive the lifting plate 15 to ascend and descend, specifically, the second driving mechanism 7 includes a second lead screw 71 and a second moving sleeve 72, the second lead screw 71 is vertically disposed on the base 1 and can rotate relative to the base 1, and the second lead screw 71 and the base 1 can be connected by a bearing. The second moving sleeve 72 is sleeved on the second screw rod 71 in a threaded manner, the second moving sleeve 72 can be a square sleeve, the second moving sleeve 72 is fixedly connected with the lifting plate 15, and the fixed connection mode can be bolt connection. Be equipped with second guide way 18 on deflector 12, second guide way 18 can be square groove, and the length direction of second guide way 18 is along vertical direction, and the gliding is equipped with second guide block 19 in second guide way 18, and second guide block 19 can be square piece, carries one side and second guide block 19 fixed connection that lifter plate 15 deviates from second removal cover 72, and fixed connection mode can be integrated into one piece. Because the length direction of the second guide groove 18 is along the vertical direction, the second guide block 19 arranged in the second guide groove 18 can only move along the vertical direction, so that the lifting plate 15 fixedly connected with the second guide block 19 can only move along the vertical direction, when the second screw rod 71 rotates, the second moving sleeve 72 fixedly connected with the lifting plate 15 cannot synchronously rotate along with the second screw rod 71, and can only move along the vertical direction, at the moment, the lifting plate 15 fixedly connected with the second moving sleeve 72 can correspondingly move along the vertical direction, so that the lifting plate 15 can correspondingly lift when the second screw rod 71 rotates towards different directions.
Further, in order to make the user feel comfortable, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision further includes a first turning handle 20 and a shifting mechanism 8, wherein the shifting mechanism 8 is used for enabling the first turning handle 20 to drive the first lead screw 61 to rotate in the first gear and enabling the first turning handle 20 to drive the second lead screw 71 to rotate in the second gear. Specifically, the gear shift mechanism 8 includes a gear shift wheel 81, a first end face gear 82, a second end face gear 83, a third end face gear 84, a fourth end face gear 85 and a driving rod 86, the base 1 is provided with the cover body 32, the driving rod 86 is rotatably arranged in the cover body 32, one end of the driving rod 86 is rotatably connected with the inner wall of the cover body 32, the rotation connection mode can be a bearing connection mode, and the other end of the driving rod 86 penetrates out of the cover body 32 and is fixedly connected with the first rotating handle 20. The driving rod 86 is provided with a sliding chute 21, the sliding chute 21 extends along the length direction of the driving rod 86, and the gear shifting wheel 81 is provided with a sliding block (not shown in the figure) which is inserted into the sliding chute 21; since the slider of the shift wheel 81 is inserted into the slide groove 21 of the driving lever 86 and the slide groove 21 extends along the length direction of the driving lever 86, the shift wheel 81 cannot rotate relative to the driving lever 86 and the shift wheel 81 follows the driving lever 86 when the driving lever 86 rotates. The first end face gear 82 and the second end face gear 83 are rotatably sleeved on the driving rod 86, and the gear shifting wheel 81 is used for keeping relatively fixed with the first end face gear 82 when sliding to a first position and keeping relatively fixed with the second end face gear 83 when sliding to a second position; the shift wheel 81 is adapted to be located in a first position in the first gear and in a second position in the second gear. The first end face gear 82 is meshed with the third end face gear 84, the third end face gear 84 is fixedly sleeved on the first screw rod 61, when the gear shifting wheel 81 and the first end face gear 82 are relatively fixed, the third end face gear 84 meshed with the first end face gear 82 can correspondingly rotate, and the third end face gear 84 is fixedly sleeved on the first screw rod 61, so that the first screw rod 61 can correspondingly rotate. The second end face gear 83 is meshed with the fourth end face gear 85, and the fourth end face gear 85 is fixedly sleeved on the second screw rod 71; the gear shifting wheel 81 is positioned between the first end face gear 82 and the second end face gear 83, when the gear shifting wheel 81 and the second end face gear 83 are kept relatively fixed, the fourth end face gear 85 meshed with the second end face gear 83 also correspondingly rotates, and as the fourth end face gear 85 is fixedly sleeved on the second screw rod 71, the second screw rod 71 also correspondingly rotates, so that the first rotating handle 20 can drive the first screw rod 61 or the second screw rod 71 to rotate only by keeping the gear shifting wheel 81 and the first end face gear 82 or the second end face gear 83 relatively fixed.
Regarding the way that the shifting wheel 81 and the first end face gear 82 or the second end face gear 83 are kept relatively fixed, referring to fig. 3, both sides of the shifting wheel 81 are provided with splines 23, the splines 23 and the shifting wheel 81 can be connected by welding, the opposite sides of the first end face gear 82 and the second end face gear 83 and the shifting wheel 81 are provided with grooves for the splines 23, and the splines 23 are used for being in snap fit with the grooves for the splines 23, that is, the splines 23 are used for being inserted into the grooves for the splines 23. When the spline 23 of the gear shift wheel 81 is inserted into the spline 23 groove on the first end face gear 82, the first end face gear 82 and the gear shift wheel 81 are relatively fixed, at this time, the first rotating handle 20 drives the driving rod 86 to rotate, the first end face gear 82 also correspondingly rotates, and then the first lead screw 61 rotates, when the spline 23 of the gear shift wheel 81 is inserted into the spline 23 groove on the second end face gear 83, the second end face gear 83 and the gear shift wheel 81 are relatively fixed, at this time, the first rotating handle 20 drives the driving rod 86 to rotate, the second end face gear 83 also correspondingly rotates, and then the second lead screw 71 rotates, so that the gear shift function can be achieved only by moving the gear shift wheel 81 to different positions, and the first rotating handle 20 drives the first lead screw 61 or the second lead screw 71 to rotate when rotating.
Further, referring to fig. 3, the flatness measuring apparatus for engineering supervision further includes an operating mechanism 9, and the operating mechanism 9 is configured to drive the shift wheel 81 to slide to the first position and the second position. Specifically, the operating mechanism 9 includes a shift shaft 91, the shift shaft 91 is disposed in the cover 32, and an end of the shift shaft 91 is fixedly connected to an inner wall of the cover 32. The length direction of the gear shifting shaft 91 is horizontal to the length direction of the driving rod 86, the gear shifting shaft 91 is connected with a gear shifting fork 92 in a sliding mode along the axial direction, a connecting ring 93 is arranged on the gear shifting fork 92, the connecting ring 93 and the gear shifting fork 92 can be integrally formed, the gear shifting wheel 81 is located in the connecting ring 93 and is rotatably connected with the connecting ring 93, a gear shifting rod 94 is hinged to the gear shifting shaft 91, the gear shifting rod 94 is hinged to a connecting rod 95, and one end, away from the gear shifting rod 94, of the connecting rod 95 is hinged to the gear shifting fork 92. The cover 32 has a dial 33, and the end of the shift lever 94 extends through the dial 33. When shifting the gear level 94, the connecting rod 95 can drive the gear level fork 92 to slide on the gear level shaft 91, thereby the gear level wheel 81 connected with the connecting ring 93 on the gear level fork 92 in a rotating manner can also move along with the gear level fork 92, and then the gear level wheel 81 can slide on the driving rod 86, so only need to operate the gear level 94 to enable the gear level wheel 81 to slide so as to play the role of shifting, the gear level 94 increases the force application area of the operating personnel, the operating personnel is convenient to operate, and the use feeling is better.
Finally, referring to fig. 4, the two sides of the base 1 are provided with the auxiliary blocks 25, the auxiliary blocks 25 are provided with threaded holes 26, the threaded holes 26 are connected with screws 27 in a threaded manner, the lower ends of the screws 27 are provided with universal wheels 28, the universal wheels 28 can be connected with the screws 27 through bolts, the upper ends of the screws 27 are provided with second rotating handles 29, and the second rotating handles 29 can be connected with the screws 27 through welding. The lower end of the auxiliary block 25 is provided with a receiving groove 30 communicating with the threaded hole 26, and the receiving groove 30 is used for receiving the universal wheel 28, i.e. the universal wheel 28 can be located in the receiving groove 30. Only need rotate the second and rotate handle 29 screw rod 27 and just can corresponding rotation to screw rod 27 just can stretch out and draw back for screw hole 26 on the supplementary piece 25, thereby the universal wheel 28 of being connected with screw rod 27 bottom can go up and down for base 1, when universal wheel 28 descends, the removal that this roughness measuring apparatu can be convenient, when universal wheel 28 risees, universal wheel 28 can be located holding tank 30, this roughness measuring apparatu during operation universal wheel 28 is difficult for producing the influence to measuring. The auxiliary block 25 on the side of the base 1 departing from the gear shifting mechanism 8 is provided with a storage weight box 31, and a measurer can place articles in the storage weight box 31. Because this roughness measuring apparatu is equipped with the one end of gearshift 8 can be heavier, through set up storing weight box 31 on the supplementary piece 25 that deviates from gearshift 8 one side at base 1, make the both ends of base 1 reach balanced, and can be heavier than the interlude when having made things convenient for the measurer to place article, so this roughness measuring apparatu is difficult when wind-force is great skew influences measurement accuracy, and measurement accuracy is high.
The implementation principle of the flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision in the embodiment of the application is as follows: during detection, the lower end of the base 1 is attached to a road surface to be detected, the gear shift lever 94 is shifted to enable the gear shift wheel 81 to move until the spline 23 is inserted into the spline 23 groove on the second end face gear 83, the gear shift wheel 81 and the second end face gear 83 are relatively fixed at the moment, then the first rotating handle 20 is rotated to enable the driving rod 86 to drive the gear shift wheel 81 to rotate, the second end face gear 83 and the fourth end face gear 85 meshed with the second end face gear 83 can both rotate, and the second screw rod 71 rotates to enable the lifting plate 15 to descend. At the moment, the testing rod 2 is in a movable state, the testing rod 2 is jacked up at a place with a bulge on the ground, then the gear shift lever 94 is shifted to enable the gear shift wheel 81 to move until the spline 23 is inserted into the spline 23 groove on the first end face gear 82, at the moment, the gear shift wheel 81 and the first end face gear 82 are relatively fixed, the first rotating handle 20 is rotated to enable the driving rod 86 to drive the gear shift wheel 81 to rotate, the first end face gear 82 and the third end face gear 84 meshed with the first end face gear 82 both rotate, the first screw rod 61 rotates to enable the testing plate 3 to descend, when the testing plate 3 descends until the bottom surface of the testing plate 3 abuts against the top surface of the limiting piece 17 at the top of the highest testing rod 2, the distance between the lower end of the testing plate 3 and the lowest end of the base 1 is read out through the testing ruler 10, then the distance is used for subtracting the length of the testing rod 2 plus the limiting piece 17, and the flatness of the road surface can be obtained, this measurement scheme need not the biggest department in measurer's visual clearance, and protruding highest department can be automatic with the 2 jack-ups of test bar 2 of this department to higher than other test bar 2, when testing panel 3 descends, also can automatic offset with by the highest test bar 2 of jack-up, the human error is difficult for appearing, so this roughness measuring apparatu measuring error is less, has improved measurement accuracy.
The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a roughness measuring apparatu is used in engineering supervision which characterized in that: the device comprises a base (1), a testing rod (2), a testing board (3) and a first driving mechanism (6), wherein the base (1) is fixedly connected with a connecting block (4), a lifting channel (5) is arranged on the connecting block (4), the lifting channel (5) penetrates through the upper end and the lower end of the connecting block (4), the lower end of the connecting block (4) is higher than the lower end of the base (1), and the testing rod (2) is vertically arranged in the lifting channel (5) and can lift along the lifting channel (5);
the number of the test rods (2) is multiple, and the number of the lifting channels (5) is the same as that of the test rods (2) and corresponds to that of the test rods one by one;
a detection ruler (10) is vertically arranged on the base (1), scales (11) are arranged on the detection ruler (10), the test board (3) is arranged on the detection ruler (10) in a lifting mode, the test board (3) is located above the lifting channel (5), and the first driving mechanism (6) is used for driving the test board (3) to lift; the first driving mechanism (6) comprises a first screw rod (61) and a first movable sleeve (62), the first screw rod (61) is vertically arranged on the base (1) and can rotate relative to the base (1), the first movable sleeve (62) is sleeved on the first screw rod (61) in a threaded manner, and the first movable sleeve (62) is fixedly connected with the test board (3);
a guide plate (12) is vertically arranged on the detection ruler (10), a first guide groove (13) is formed in the guide plate (12), the length direction of the first guide groove (13) is along the vertical direction, a first guide block (14) is arranged in the first guide groove (13), and the first guide block (14) is fixedly connected with one side, away from the first movable sleeve (62), of the test board (3); the lifting device is characterized by further comprising a lifting plate (15) and a second driving mechanism (7), wherein the lifting plate (15) is arranged on the base (1), the lifting plate (15) can lift relative to the base (1), and the second driving mechanism (7) is used for driving the lifting plate (15) to lift;
the lifting plate (15) is provided with a lifting hole (16), the upper end of the test rod (2) is provided with a limiting piece (17), the lower end of the test rod (2) sequentially penetrates through the lifting hole (16) and the lifting channel (5), and the diameter of the limiting piece (17) is larger than the aperture of the lifting hole (16); the second driving mechanism (7) comprises a second screw rod (71) and a second moving sleeve (72), and the second screw rod (71) is vertically arranged on the base (1) and can rotate relative to the base (1);
the second moving sleeve (72) is sleeved on the second screw rod (71) in a threaded manner, and the second moving sleeve (72) is fixedly connected with the pulling plate (15);
a second guide groove (18) is formed in the guide plate (12), a second guide block (19) is arranged in the second guide groove (18) in a sliding mode along the vertical direction of the length direction of the second guide groove (18), and one side, away from the second moving sleeve (72), of the pulling plate (15) is fixedly connected with the second guide block (19); the gear shifting mechanism (8) is used for enabling the first rotating handle (20) to drive the first screw rod (61) to rotate in a first gear and enabling the first rotating handle (20) to drive the second screw rod (71) to rotate in a second gear; the gear shifting mechanism (8) comprises a gear shifting wheel (81), a first face gear (82), a second face gear (83), a third face gear (84), a fourth face gear (85) and a driving rod (86), wherein the driving rod (86) is rotatably arranged on the base (1), the first rotating handle (20) is fixedly connected with the end part of the driving rod (86), and the first face gear (82) and the second face gear (83) are rotatably sleeved on the driving rod (86);
the first face gear (82) is meshed with the third face gear (84), the third face gear (84) is fixedly sleeved on the first screw rod (61), the second face gear (83) is meshed with the fourth face gear (85), and the fourth face gear (85) is fixedly sleeved on the second screw rod (71);
a sliding groove (21) is formed in the driving rod (86), the sliding groove (21) extends along the length direction of the driving rod (86), a sliding block is arranged on the gear shifting wheel (81), and the sliding block is inserted into the sliding groove (21);
the gear shifting wheel (81) is positioned between the first end face gear (82) and the second end face gear (83), and the gear shifting wheel (81) is used for keeping relatively fixed with the first end face gear (82) when sliding to a first position and keeping relatively fixed with the second end face gear (83) when sliding to a second position;
the gear shifting wheel (81) is used for being located at a first position in the first gear and being located at a second position in the second gear.
2. The flatness measuring instrument for supervision of engineering according to claim 1, wherein: the both sides of gear shifting wheel (81) all are equipped with spline (23), first face gear (82) and second face gear (83) all are equipped with spline (23) groove with the relative side of gear shifting wheel (81), spline (23) be used for with spline (23) groove joint cooperation.
3. The flatness measuring instrument for supervision of engineering according to claim 2, wherein: the gear shifting device further comprises an operating mechanism (9), wherein the operating mechanism (9) is used for driving the gear shifting wheel (81) to slide to a first position and a second position.
4. A flatness measuring instrument for supervision of engineering according to claim 3, wherein: the operating mechanism (9) comprises a gear shifting shaft (91), the gear shifting shaft (91) is arranged on the base (1), the length direction of the gear shifting shaft (91) is horizontal to the length direction of the driving rod (86), the gear shifting shaft (91) is connected with a gear shifting fork (92) in a sliding mode along the axial direction, a connecting ring (93) is arranged on the gear shifting fork (92), the gear shifting wheel (81) is located in the connecting ring (93) and is rotatably connected with the connecting ring (93), a gear shifting rod (94) is hinged to the gear shifting shaft (91), a connecting rod (95) is hinged to the gear shifting rod (94), and one end, deviating from the gear shifting rod (94), of the connecting rod (95) is hinged to the gear shifting fork (92).
5. A flatness measuring instrument for supervision of engineering according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: auxiliary blocks (25) are arranged on two sides of the base (1), threaded holes (26) are formed in the auxiliary blocks (25), threaded rods (27) are connected to the threaded holes (26) in an internal thread mode, universal wheels (28) are arranged at the lower ends of the threaded rods (27), and second rotating handles (29) are arranged at the upper ends of the threaded rods (27);
the lower end of the auxiliary block (25) is provided with an accommodating groove (30) communicated with the threaded hole (26), and the accommodating groove (30) is used for accommodating the universal wheel (28);
and the auxiliary block (25) on one side of the base (1) departing from the gear shifting mechanism (8) is provided with a storage weight box (31).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010721696.2A CN111879222B (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2020-07-24 | Flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision |
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| CN202010721696.2A CN111879222B (en) | 2020-07-24 | 2020-07-24 | Flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision |
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| CN111879222B true CN111879222B (en) | 2022-01-07 |
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| CN112729046A (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2021-04-30 | 嘉兴学院 | Device for detecting height deviation of columnar workpiece |
| CN115808113A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2023-03-17 | 浙江一诚工程咨询有限公司 | Flatness measuring instrument for engineering supervision and measuring method thereof |
| CN116576805B (en) * | 2023-05-30 | 2023-09-22 | 山东聚金龙汽车发展有限公司 | Hydrogen fuel cell membrane electrode flatness detection device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH08334519A (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1996-12-17 | Nikon Corp | Driving device |
| EP2199732B1 (en) * | 2008-12-19 | 2017-10-11 | Klingelnberg AG | Device with roughness measuring probe |
| CN202466373U (en) * | 2012-02-10 | 2012-10-03 | 南京农业大学 | Plane needle ruler type earth surface unevenness measuring instrument |
| CN106643446B (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2023-10-13 | 合肥京东方光电科技有限公司 | Flatness detection jig and flatness detection method |
| CN107462135B (en) * | 2017-07-21 | 2019-09-10 | 华中农业大学 | Field trial tilling depth and profile measurer and its measurement method |
| CN108519048B (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2019-12-31 | 刘明亮 | Precast concrete component surface roughness quantitative determination device |
| CN208419852U (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2019-01-22 | 西北农林科技大学 | A kind of Portable earth surface roughness instrument |
| CN208595872U (en) * | 2018-09-22 | 2019-03-12 | 吉林工程技术师范学院 | A kind of measuring device measuring flatness |
| CN209013913U (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-06-21 | 深圳市浩海通精密设备有限公司 | A kind of contact auxiliary test jig |
| CN212512876U (en) * | 2020-07-24 | 2021-02-09 | 惠州建安工程项目管理有限公司 | Flatness measuring instrument with high measuring precision |
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