CN111878444A - Thrust bearings, compressors and air conditioners - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a thrust bearing, a compressor and an air conditioner, relates to the field of compressors, and aims to improve the dynamic pressure performance of the thrust bearing. The thrust bearing includes a housing and a restrictor. The casing has the through-hole that runs through, and the through-hole of casing is provided with interior concave part along axial one side surface, and the bottom of interior concave part all is provided with the air vent that runs through casing axial direction. The throttle is fixed in the inner concave part, and a first area is arranged on one side of the throttle, which is far away from the bottom of the inner concave part; the first region is configured to form a gas film of varying thickness. The thrust bearing provided by the technical scheme improves the dynamic pressure performance of the thrust bearing, increases the bearing capacity of the thrust bearing and enhances the impact resistance of the thrust bearing.

Description

Thrust bearings, compressors and air conditioners

technical field

The invention relates to the field of compressors, in particular to a thrust bearing, a compressor and an air conditioner.

Background technique

The compressor includes a hydrostatic thrust bearing and a thrust plate, which fit together. Gas hydrostatic thrust bearing uses gas as the lubricating medium, and the high-pressure gas flows into the thrust bearing after passing through the restrictor. The gas forms a gas film with a certain pressure distribution between the thrust bearing and the thrust disc, and generates a gas film force for balancing the axial force.

In the related art, the gas static pressure thrust bearing is provided with a restrictor on the surface of the thrust bearing. The restrictor includes a slit restrictor, a small hole restrictor, and a porous restrictor.

The inventor found that there are at least the following problems in the prior art: the bearing capacity of the aerostatic thrust bearing is determined by the gas film force formed after the compressed gas passes through the restrictor, and is closely related to the gas supply pressure. The axial force of the refrigeration compressor is closely related to the rotational speed. The compressor operating conditions often change, and the rotational speed also changes constantly, resulting in fluctuations in the axial force of the rotor. However, in the related art, when the air supply pressure is constant, the size of the air film force between the aerostatic thrust bearing and the thrust plate is determined, which makes the air film force unable to balance with the axial force, thus causing the compressor Work is unstable.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides a thrust bearing, a compressor and an air conditioner for improving the dynamic pressure performance of the thrust bearing.

Some embodiments of the present invention provide a thrust bearing, comprising:

The casing has a through hole, and the through hole of the casing is provided with a concave part along one side surface of the axial direction, and the bottom of the concave part is provided with a ventilation hole penetrating the axial direction of the casing ;as well as

A restrictor is fixed in the inner recess, and a first area is provided on the side of the restrictor away from the bottom of the inner recess; the first area is configured to form an air film with varying thickness.

In some embodiments, a side of the restrictor away from the bottom of the inner recess is further provided with a second area, and the second area is adjacent to the first area;

Wherein, along the rotation direction of the rotor on which the thrust bearing is mounted, the second region is located downstream of the first region.

In some embodiments, the second region is provided with air grooves.

In some embodiments, the second region is provided with inwardly recessed air grooves in rows.

In some embodiments, the air groove is configured as one of the following: a herringbone groove, a spiral groove, and a trapezoidal groove.

In some embodiments, the intersection of two grooves of the chevron is located downstream of other areas of the two grooves themselves.

In some embodiments, in the rotation direction of the rotor on which the thrust bearing is mounted, the thickness of the gas film formed by the first region gradually decreases.

In some embodiments, the first region is configured as an inclined plane, and one side of the first region connecting with the second region is higher than the other side of the first region.

In some embodiments, the inclination angle of the inclined plane is 3°˜6°.

In some embodiments, the height of one side of the first region connecting with the second region is 15 μm˜25 μm higher than the other side of the first region.

In some embodiments, a plurality of the inner recesses are provided along the circumferential direction of the housing, each of the inner recesses is fixed with at least one of the restrictors, and the bottom of each inner recess is The ventilation holes are provided.

In some embodiments, the material of the restrictor is isostatic graphite.

Other embodiments of the present invention provide a compressor, including the thrust bearing provided by any of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Still other embodiments of the present invention provide an air conditioner, including the compressor provided by any of the technical solutions of the present invention.

In the thrust bearing provided by the above technical solution, a throttle is installed in the inner recess of the casing, and the throttle is provided with a first area. After the thrust bearing is installed in the compressor, a thickness change will be formed between the thrust bearing and the thrust plate. The thickness of the air film will affect the size of the air film force. When the compressor speed is large, the air film force is large; when the compressor speed is small, the air film force is small. The above properties make the air film force provided by the air film related to the rotational speed of the compressor, so as to improve the dynamic pressure performance of the thrust bearing, increase the bearing capacity of the thrust bearing, and enhance the impact resistance of the thrust bearing. In addition, the thrust bearing is lubricated by gas, which reduces the energy loss of the thrust bearing and improves the energy utilization rate of the compressor as a whole.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present application. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached image:

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a thrust bearing provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a thrust bearing throttle provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top-view structural diagram of a thrust bearing throttle provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3 .

Referring to FIG. 1 , some embodiments of the present invention provide a thrust bearing including a housing 1 and a restrictor 2 .

The housing 1 mainly plays the role of fixing the restrictor 2 and providing an air supply channel for the restrictor 2 . The casing 1 has a through hole 11 therethrough, and the through hole 11 of the casing 1 is provided with an inner recess 12 along one side surface of the axial direction, and the bottom of the inner recess 12 is provided with a ventilation hole penetrating the axial direction of the casing 1 13. Housing 1 is used to provide support and is disc-shaped. A through hole 11 is provided in the middle of the casing 1, and the through hole 11 is used to pass through the rotating shaft of the compressor. A side surface of the housing 1 is provided with an inwardly recessed inner recess 12 , and the inner recess 12 is used for installing the restrictor 2 . For example, the restrictor 2 is glued and installed in the inner recess 12 by glue.

The restrictor 2 includes two opposing surfaces: a first surface and a second surface. The first surface is in contact with the bottom surface of the inner recess 12 , and the second surface is substantially flush with the top of the inner recess 12 . A first area 21 is provided on the side of the restrictor 2 away from the bottom of the inner recess 12 , that is, the side where the second surface is located. The first region 21 is configured to form a gas film of varying thickness. The restrictor 2 adopts a fan-shaped structure, and the part close to the through hole 11 is the inner side, and the part far from the through hole 11 is the outer side. The arc length on the inside is shorter than the arc length on the outside.

The restrictor 2 is made of isostatic graphite or sintered porous material. Sintered porous materials such as metals, ceramic sintered materials. As porous materials, isostatic graphite materials and sintered porous materials have the characteristics of good temperature resistance, high compressive strength, stable chemical properties, and good machining performance, and can adapt to the working environment of refrigeration compressor refrigerants.

The thrust bearing provided by the above technical solution has the first area 21, and the first area 21 can form an air film with varying thickness, which makes the thrust bearing a hydrostatic bearing, but at the same time has a good dynamic pressure effect, and also The bearing capacity of the thrust bearing is improved.

In some embodiments, a side of the restrictor 2 away from the bottom of the inner recess 12 (ie, the side where the second surface is located) is further provided with a second area 22 . The first region 21 and the second region 22 are integrally formed or fixedly connected by other means (such as sintering, etc.). The second area 22 is a flat plate parallel to the bearing housing 1 . The second region 22 is provided with air grooves 22a. The second region 22 is located downstream of the first region 21 along the rotational direction W of the rotor on which the thrust bearing is mounted. The rotation direction of the rotor on which the thrust bearing is installed is one-way, and the situation shown in Figure 1 is the situation of clockwise rotation.

For each restrictor 2, the second area 22 on the restrictor 2 is arranged at the front end of the first area 21 (that is, downstream of the rotation direction of the rotor where the thrust bearing is installed), and the gas flows through the wedge-shaped area and then enters the second area. area 22. The provision of the air groove 22a can effectively increase the dynamic pressure effect of the thrust bearing and enhance the impact resistance of the thrust bearing.

The thrust bearing provided by the above technical solution is a gas hydrostatic thrust bearing, but at the same time has good dynamic pressure effect, good impact resistance and relatively large bearing capacity, so that the dynamic pressure performance of the thrust bearing and the bearing capacity provided are not only It is related to the air supply pressure and the speed of the compressor. The bearing capacity increases with the increase of the air supply pressure and the increase of the speed, which makes the thrust bearing better adapt to the complex refrigeration compressor. The requirements of the operating conditions on the thrust bearing performance.

1 and 2, in some embodiments, the second region 22 is provided with inwardly recessed air grooves 22a in rows. The air groove 22a having a certain depth is machined in the rotation direction. The second area 22 is provided with two exhaust grooves 22a. The number of the exhaust grooves 22a near the center of the circle is less than the number of the exhaust grooves 22a near the edge direction. This structure has better dynamic pressure performance.

The air grooves 22a are, for example, herringbone air grooves, other types of air grooves 22a that enhance the dynamic pressure effect, such as spiral air grooves, trapezoidal air grooves, and the like. The arrangement of the air grooves 22a may be uniform or staggered. The arrangement number and arrangement position of the air grooves 22a can be flexibly adjusted according to the demands of the system on the axial force. The spacing, width and depth of the air grooves 22a are determined according to the actual size of the bearing. The depth of the air groove 22 a is small compared to the thickness of the restrictor 2 , so it will not affect the effect of the restrictor 2 . The depth of the air groove 22a is, for example, 5 μm to 20 μm, and specifically, for example, 5 μm, 8 μm, 10 μm, 14 μm, 16 μm, and 20 μm.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, in some embodiments, the intersection of the two grooves of the chevron grooves is located downstream of other regions of each air groove 22a itself. The air groove 22a of the herringbone groove enhances the dynamic pressure effect and improves the impact resistance of the thrust bearing.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , in some embodiments, the first region 21 is configured as an inclined plane, and one side of the first region 21 connecting with the second region 22 is higher than the other side of the first region 21 . Along the rotation direction of the rotor on which the thrust bearing is installed, the thickness of the restrictor 2 corresponding to the first region 21 gradually increases, and the thickness of the gas film gradually decreases. The above-mentioned shape of the first region 21 is also referred to as: the converging direction of the first region 21 of the restrictor 2 is the same as the rotation direction of the thrust bearing. The convergence area is formed by changing the thickness of the restrictor 2. By setting the first area 21 in the direction of rotation of the bearing, the thickness of the gas film of the thrust bearing gradually decreases in the direction of rotation, and the gas film is convergent, and the gas film pressure As it rises, the bearing capacity increases.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , in some embodiments, the inclination angle α of the inclined plane is 3°˜6°.

Referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , in some embodiments, the height of the side where the first region 21 is connected to the second region 22 is 15 μm˜25 μm higher than the other side of the first region 21 . The dimensional variation of the wedge-shaped region is around 20 μm, which is small compared to the thickness of the restrictor 2 . Therefore, the wedge-shaped area has little effect on the thickness of the restrictor 2 .

Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2 , in some embodiments, a plurality of inner recesses 12 are provided along the circumferential direction of the housing 1 , each inner recess 12 is fixed with at least one restrictor 2 , and each inner recess 12 has a The bottoms are provided with ventilation holes 13 . The thrust bearing provided by the above technical solution has a multi-block throttle 2, and the multi-block 2 pad structure makes the air supply pressure of the pad more uniform, and the thrust bearing obtains a uniform gas film pressure in the circumferential direction, and finally makes the The thrust bearing pressure is evenly distributed in the circumferential direction.

Other embodiments of the present invention provide a compressor, including the thrust bearing provided by any of the technical solutions of the present invention.

The compressor also includes a thrust disc, and the thrust disc and the thrust bearing are fitted on one side of the throttle 2 , and an air film with varying thickness is formed between the thrust disc and the first region 21 of the thrust bearing.

Still other embodiments of the present invention provide an air conditioner, including the compressor provided by any of the technical solutions of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "portrait", "horizontal", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", The orientation or positional relationship indicated by "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or obscuring It means that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operate for a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the protection content of the present invention.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, but not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that it can still be Modifications are made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or some technical features thereof are equivalently replaced, but these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (14)

1. A thrust bearing, characterized in that, comprising: The casing (1) has a through hole (11) therethrough, and the through hole (11) of the casing (1) is provided with an inner recess (12) along one side surface in the axial direction, and the inner recess ( 12) the bottoms are provided with ventilation holes (13) penetrating the axial direction of the casing (1); and A restrictor (2) is fixed in the inner recess (12), and a first area (21) is provided on the side of the restrictor (2) away from the bottom of the inner recess (12); A region (21) is configured to form a gas film of varying thickness. 2 . The thrust bearing according to claim 1 , wherein a second region ( 22 ) is further provided on the side of the restrictor ( 2 ) away from the bottom of the inner recess ( 12 ). 3 . the area (22) is adjacent to the first area (21); Wherein, along the rotation direction of the rotor on which the thrust bearing is mounted, the second region (22) is located downstream of the first region (21). 3. The thrust bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that, the second region (22) is provided with an air groove (22a). 4. The thrust bearing according to claim 3, characterized in that, the second region (22) is provided in a row with the air grooves (22a) recessed inward. 5. The thrust bearing according to claim 4, wherein the air groove (22a) is configured as one of the following: a herringbone groove, a spiral groove, and a trapezoidal groove. 6 . The thrust bearing according to claim 5 , wherein the intersection of the two grooves of the herringbone groove is located downstream of other regions of the two grooves themselves. 7 . 7. The thrust bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in the rotation direction of the rotor on which the thrust bearing is mounted, the thickness of the gas film formed in the first region (21) gradually decreases. 8. The thrust bearing according to claim 2, characterized in that the first region (21) is configured as an inclined plane, and the first region (21) is connected with the second region (22) The side is higher than the other side of the first area (21). 9 . The thrust bearing according to claim 8 , wherein the inclination angle of the inclined surface is 3°˜6°. 10 . 10. The thrust bearing according to claim 8, characterized in that, the height of the side where the first region (21) is connected with the second region (22) is higher than that of the other side of the first region (21) One side is 15μm to 25μm high. 11. The thrust bearing according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, a plurality of the inner recesses (12) are provided along the circumferential direction of the housing (1), and each of the inner recesses (12) ) at least one of the restrictors (2) is fixed, and the bottom of each of the inner recesses (12) is provided with the ventilation holes (13). 12 . The thrust bearing according to claim 1 , wherein the restrictor ( 2 ) is made of isostatic graphite or sintered porous material. 13 . 13. A compressor, characterized by comprising the thrust bearing according to any one of claims 1 to 12. 14. An air conditioner, characterized by comprising the compressor of claim 13.

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