CN111878214B - Self-adaptive control method and system for piston cooling nozzle - Google Patents

Self-adaptive control method and system for piston cooling nozzle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN111878214B
CN111878214B CN202010623074.6A CN202010623074A CN111878214B CN 111878214 B CN111878214 B CN 111878214B CN 202010623074 A CN202010623074 A CN 202010623074A CN 111878214 B CN111878214 B CN 111878214B
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engine
cooling nozzle
piston cooling
load
time
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CN111878214A (en
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秦龙
刘磊
翟刚
赵宁
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Dongfeng Motor Corp
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Dongfeng Motor Corp
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
    • F01P3/06—Arrangements for cooling pistons
    • F01P3/08—Cooling of piston exterior only, e.g. by jets
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
    • F01P7/167—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control by adjusting the pre-set temperature according to engine parameters, e.g. engine load, engine speed
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
    • F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
    • F01P2007/146—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid using valves

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubrication Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The application relates to a self-adaptive control method and a system for a piston cooling nozzle, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when the engine is powered on, running or stopped, the piston cooling nozzle is closed by default; judging whether the engine oil temperature is lower than a closing temperature limit value in real time; when the engine oil temperature is less than the shutdown temperature limit, it is determined whether to open the piston cooling nozzle based on engine speed, load, knock, and pre-ignition. The application provides a piston cooling nozzle self-adaptation control method, the frequent opening and closing of the piston cooling nozzle that single factor triggered when having avoided the engine operating mode to change is avoided overheating risk's emergence, is favorable to prolonging the life-span of piston cooling nozzle and electronic control valve simultaneously.

Description

Self-adaptive control method and system for piston cooling nozzle
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of engine control, in particular to a self-adaptive control method and system for a piston cooling nozzle.
Background
The engine lubricating system plays a role in providing lubrication and protection for oil applicators of various systems of the engine, and the engine is provided with the piston cooling nozzle to reduce the heat load of the piston and strengthen the lubrication of the piston pin connecting rod bearing.
In the prior art, the opening and closing of a piston cooling nozzle are controlled according to a calibrated relation curve between the opening and closing of the cooling nozzle and parameters of rotating speed, torque (load) and oil temperature; and controls the opening of the piston cooling nozzle in the event of knocking and pre-ignition.
In practice, however, the engine speed and load changes are abrupt, and the opening and closing frequency of the piston cooling nozzle is too frequent, so that the piston cooling is interrupted frequently, thereby causing overheating risks and affecting the service life of the piston cooling nozzle and the electronic control valve.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application provides a self-adaptive control method and a self-adaptive control system for a piston cooling nozzle, and aims to solve the problems that in the related art, the opening and closing frequency of the piston cooling nozzle is too frequent, so that the overheating risk is caused, and the service lives of the piston cooling nozzle and an electronic control valve are shortened.
In one aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a self-adaptive control method for a piston cooling nozzle, which includes the following steps:
when the engine is powered on, running or stopped, the piston cooling nozzle is closed by default;
obtaining the temperature of engine oil of an engine;
judging whether the engine oil temperature is lower than a closing temperature limit value or not;
when the engine oil temperature is lower than a closing temperature limit value, determining whether to open a piston cooling nozzle according to the conditions of engine speed, load, knocking and pre-ignition;
performing first-order low-pass filtering processing on the rotating speed of the engine at the current moment to obtain the filtered rotating speed of the engine;
carrying out first-order low-pass filtering processing on the engine load at the current moment to obtain the filtered engine load;
determining whether to open a piston cooling nozzle according to the filtered engine speed, the filtered engine load and a corresponding mapping table;
judging whether the engine knocks or pre-ignites in real time;
upon occurrence of detonation or pre-ignition, the piston cooling nozzle is opened;
judging whether the engine knocks with high intensity;
when high-intensity knocking occurs, the current filtering rotating speed n is updated while a piston cooling nozzle is openedK(N) an upper engine load limit, which is subtracted by a load correction value and at which the current filtered speed N is due to high intensity knockSAnd (N) updating the upper limit value of the engine load for one time or more times, and recovering the initial value after the engine is powered off.
In some embodiments, after determining whether the engine oil temperature is lower than the shutdown temperature limit, the method further includes:
when the temperature of engine oil exceeds the opening temperature limit value, the piston cooling nozzle is opened;
and when the temperature of the engine oil is between the closing temperature limit value and the opening temperature limit value, maintaining the current opening and closing state of the piston cooling nozzle unchanged.
In some embodiments, the first-order low-pass filtering processing on the engine speed at the current time to obtain the filtered engine speed specifically includes the following steps:
when the current engine speed is higher than the engine speed after the last filtering, according to the n (N) ═ C1 x [ n ]Act-n(N-1)]+ N (N-1), performing first-order low-pass filtering processing on the engine speed at the time of N, wherein N is 1,2,3, and N (N-1) is the engine speed after filtering at the time of N-1; n (N) is the filtered engine speed at time N; at the moment, the first-order low-pass filter coefficient is an engine speed filter coefficient C1, and the time difference between the time N-1 and the time N is a fixed updating period delta T; n isActActual engine speed at time N;
when the current engine speed is not greater than the filtered engine speed at the previous time, according to n (N) ═ C2 × [ n ]Act-n(N-1)]+ N (N-1) performing filtering processing on the engine speed at the time N, wherein N is 1,2,3, and N (N-1) is the filtered engine speed at the time N-1; n (N) is the filtered engine speed at time N; at the moment, the first-order low-pass filter coefficient is an engine speed filter coefficient C2, and the time difference between the time N-1 and the time N is a fixed updating period delta T; n isActActual engine speed at time N, C1 > C2, 0<C1<1，0<C2<1。
In some embodiments, the first-order low-pass filtering processing on the engine load at the current time to obtain the filtered engine load specifically includes the following steps:
when the current engine load is larger than the filtered engine load at the previous moment, performing first-order low-pass filtering processing on the engine load at the N moment according to the following formula:
rho(N)＝C3×[rhoAct-rho(N-1)]+ rho (N-1), where N ═ 1,2,3, rho (N-1) is the filtered engine load at time N-1; rho (N) is the filtered engine load at time N; the first-order low-pass filter coefficient is the engine speed filter coefficient C3 at the time of N-1 and NThe difference is a fixed update period delta T; rho (rho)ActActual engine load at time N;
if the current engine load is not greater than the filtered engine load at the previous moment, performing first-order low-pass filtering processing on the engine load at the N moment according to the following formula:
rho(N)＝C4×[rhoAct-rho(N-1)]+ rho (N-1), where N ═ 1,2,3, rho (N-1) is the filtered engine load at time N-1; rho (N) is the filtered engine load at time N; at the moment, the first-order low-pass filter coefficient is an engine load filter coefficient C4, and the time difference between the time N-1 and the time N is a fixed updating period delta T; rho (rho)ActActual engine load at time N, where C3 > C4, 0<C3<1，0<C4<1。
In some embodiments, the determining whether to open the piston cooling nozzle according to the filtered engine speed, the filtered engine load, and the corresponding map specifically includes the following steps:
establishing an engine speed and engine load mapping table;
checking the mapping table according to the filtered engine rotation speed to determine the upper limit value of the engine load for opening the piston cooling nozzle, and checking the mapping table according to the filtered engine rotation speed to determine the lower limit value of the engine load for closing the piston cooling nozzle;
when the engine load after filtering is greater than the engine load upper limit value, the piston cooling nozzle is opened;
when the filtered engine load is between the engine load lower limit value and the engine load upper limit value, the opening and closing state of the piston cooling nozzle is kept unchanged;
and when the filtered engine load is smaller than the lower limit value of the engine load, opening or closing the piston cooling nozzle according to the conditions of knocking and pre-ignition.
In some embodiments, after the piston cooling nozzle is opened once knocking or pre-ignition occurs, the method further comprises the following steps:
accumulating the rotating speed of the engine after different filtering and the pre-ignition times of the engine under different engine loads after different filtering;
when the pre-ignition times under a certain filtering rotating speed and filtering load exceed the times limit value, updating the upper limit value of the engine load under the current filtering rotating speed while opening the piston cooling nozzle, subtracting a load correction value from the upper limit value of the load, updating the upper limit value of the load under the current filtering rotating speed once or for many times due to the pre-ignition, and recovering the initial value after the engine is powered off;
if the number of times limit is not exceeded, the upper load limit is not updated and only the piston cooling nozzles are opened.
In some embodiments, the PWM duty cycle control is set to 0 after a delay of a preset value for a period of time from the opening to the closing of the piston cooling nozzle.
On the other hand, the embodiment of the application also provides a system applying the adaptive control method for the piston cooling nozzle, which comprises an oil pump, a temperature sensor, the piston cooling nozzle, an electronic control valve and a controller, wherein the oil pump is configured to provide oil to an engine; a temperature sensor configured to detect a temperature of engine oil, a piston cooling nozzle configured to direct a jet of oil from the engine toward a piston of the engine; an electronically controlled valve configured to control oil flow to the piston cooling nozzle; the controller is configured to control the electronically controlled valve to provide oil to the piston cooling nozzle at a flow rate above a threshold flow rate to effect opening of the piston cooling nozzle when the temperature sensor measures a temperature of engine oil exceeding an opening temperature limit;
maintaining a constant flow rate of oil supplied by the electronically controlled valve to the piston cooling nozzle when the temperature sensor measures a temperature of engine oil between an open temperature limit and a closed temperature limit; and
when the temperature sensor measures that the temperature of engine oil is below a shut-off temperature limit, a controller determines whether it is necessary to control the electronically controlled valve to provide oil to the piston cooling nozzle at a flow rate above a threshold flow rate to effect opening of the piston cooling nozzle based on engine speed, load, knock, and pre-ignition conditions.
In some embodiments, the system further includes a rotation speed detection unit configured to detect a rotation speed of the engine, a load detection unit, a knock detection unit, a pre-ignition detection unit, and a counter; the load detection unit is configured to detect a load of the engine; the knock detection unit is configured to detect a knock condition of the engine; the pre-ignition detection unit is configured to detect a pre-ignition condition of the engine; the counter is configured to count the number of pre-ignition; the controller receives the rotating speed information, the load information, the knock information, the pre-ignition information and the pre-ignition frequency of the rotating speed detection unit, the load detection unit, the knock detection unit, the pre-ignition detection unit and the counter, and is used for controlling the electronic control valve to provide oil with the flow rate higher than the threshold flow rate to the piston cooling nozzle or not according to the rotating speed information, the load information, the knock information, the pre-ignition information and the pre-ignition frequency so as to open the piston cooling nozzle.
The beneficial effect that technical scheme that this application provided brought includes:
the embodiment of the application provides a self-adaptive control method and system for a piston cooling nozzle, engine oil is detected in real time, when the engine oil is lower than a closing temperature limit value, whether the piston cooling nozzle is opened or not is determined according to the conditions of engine speed, load, knocking and pre-ignition, therefore, frequent opening and closing of the piston cooling nozzle triggered by a single factor when the working condition of an engine changes are avoided, the occurrence of overheating risks caused by intermittent frequent operation of the piston cooling nozzle is avoided, and the service lives of the piston cooling nozzle and an electronic control valve are prolonged.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for adaptive control of a piston cooling nozzle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of an adaptive control system for a piston cooling nozzle according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
In the figure: 1. an oil pump; 2. an engine; 31. a rotational speed detection unit; 32. a load detection unit; 33. a knock detection unit; 34. a pre-ignition detection unit; 35. a counter; 4. a controller; 5. an electronic control valve; 6. the piston cools the nozzle.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The embodiment of the application provides a self-adaptive control method and a self-adaptive control system for a piston cooling nozzle 6, which can solve the problems that in the related art, the opening and closing frequency of the piston cooling nozzle 6 is too frequent, so that the overheating risk is caused, and the service life of an electronic control valve 5 of the piston cooling nozzle 6 is shortened.
In one aspect, the present application provides an adaptive control method for a piston cooling nozzle 6, which includes the following steps:
when the engine 2 is powered on, running or stopped, the piston cooling nozzles 6 are closed by default;
acquiring the temperature of engine oil of the engine 2;
judging whether the temperature of the engine oil of the engine 2 is lower than a closing temperature limit value or not;
when the engine 2 oil temperature is below the shut-off temperature limit, it is determined whether to open the piston cooling nozzle 6 based on engine speed, load, knock, and pre-ignition.
It is known that the piston cooling nozzle 6 electronically controls the valve 5 to control the opening and closing of the piston cooling nozzle 6. The electronic control valve 5 is controlled by PWM, and the larger the PWM duty ratio is, the longer the time for controlling the piston cooling nozzle 6 to be opened in unit time is; the smaller the PWM duty cycle, the shorter the time per unit time for which the piston cooling nozzle 6 is controlled to be opened. When the PWM is 100%, the piston cooling nozzle 6 is always in an open state; at a PWM of 0%, the piston cooling nozzle 6 is always in the closed state.
As described above, according to the present application, when the piston cooling nozzle 6 is opened, PWM is a fixed duty ratio PWMMax，PWMMaxLess than or equal to 100 percent.
In some embodiments, after determining whether the temperature of the oil in the engine 2 is lower than the shutdown temperature limit, the method further includes the following steps:
when the temperature of the engine oil of the engine 2 exceeds the opening temperature limit value, the piston cooling nozzle 6 is opened;
when the temperature of the engine oil of the engine 2 is between the closing temperature limit and the opening temperature limit, the current opening and closing state of the piston cooling nozzle 6 is maintained.
In some embodiments, when the temperature of the oil in the engine 2 is lower than the closing temperature limit value, the determination of whether to open the piston cooling nozzle 6 according to the engine speed, the load, the knocking condition and the pre-ignition condition includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of performing first-order low-pass filtering processing on the engine speed at the current moment to obtain the filtered engine speed, and is used for inhibiting overheating risks caused by frequent piston cooling interruption due to sudden change of the engine speed working condition and reducing the service life of an electronic control valve 5 of a piston cooling nozzle 6;
the engine load at the current moment is subjected to first-order low-pass filtering processing to obtain the filtered engine load, and the filtered engine load is used for inhibiting overheating risks caused by intermittent and frequent piston cooling due to sudden change of the working condition of the engine load and reducing the service lives of a piston cooling nozzle 6 and an electronic control valve 5;
determining whether to open the piston cooling nozzle 6 according to the filtered engine speed, the filtered engine load and a corresponding mapping table;
judging whether the engine 2 knocks or pre-ignites in real time;
upon occurrence of knocking or pre-ignition, the piston cooling nozzle 6 is opened.
In some embodiments, the first-order low-pass filtering processing on the engine speed at the current time to obtain the filtered engine speed specifically includes the following steps:
when the current engine speed is higher than the engine speed after the last filtering, according to the n (N) ═ C1 x [ n ]Act-n(N-1)]+ N (N-1), performing first-order low-pass filtering processing on the engine speed at the time of N, wherein N is 1,2,3, and N (N-1) is the engine speed after filtering at the time of N-1; n (N) is the filtered engine speed at time N; at the moment, the first-order low-pass filter coefficient is an engine speed filter coefficient C1, and the time difference between the time N-1 and the time N is a fixed updating period delta T; n isActActual engine speed at time N;
when the current engine speed is not greater than the filtered engine speed at the previous time, according to n (N) ═ C2 × [ n ]Act-n(N-1)]+ N (N-1) performing filtering processing on the engine speed at the time N, wherein N is 1,2,3, and N (N-1) is the filtered engine speed at the time N-1; n (N) is the filtered engine speed at time N; at the moment, the first-order low-pass filter coefficient is an engine speed filter coefficient C2, and the time difference between the time N-1 and the time N is a fixed updating period delta T; n isActThe actual engine speed at the moment N is obtained, wherein the smaller the filter coefficient C1 or C2 is, the gentler the engine speed is, and C1 is more than C2, namely when the engine speed is reduced, the change of the engine speed can be reflected more truly, and 0<C1<1，0<C2<1。
In some embodiments, the first-order low-pass filtering processing on the engine load at the current time to obtain the filtered engine load specifically includes the following steps:
when the current engine load is larger than the filtered engine load at the previous moment, performing first-order low-pass filtering processing on the engine load at the N moment according to the following formula:
rho(N)＝C3×[rhoAct-rho(N-1)]+ rho (N-1), where N ═ 1,2,3, rho (N-1) is the filtered engine load at time N-1; rho (N) is the filtered engine load at time N; at the moment, the first-order low-pass filter coefficient is an engine speed filter coefficient C3, and the time difference between the moment N-1 and the moment N is a fixed updating period delta T; rho (rho)ActAt time NActual engine load;
if the current engine load is not greater than the filtered engine load at the previous moment, performing first-order low-pass filtering processing on the engine load at the N moment according to the following formula:
rho(N)＝C4×[rhoAct-rho(N-1)]+ rho (N-1), where N ═ 1,2,3, rho (N-1) is the filtered engine load at time N-1; rho (N) is the filtered engine load at time N; at the moment, the first-order low-pass filter coefficient is an engine load filter coefficient C4, and the time difference between the time N-1 and the time N is a fixed updating period delta T; rho (rho)ActActual engine load at time N, where C3 > C4, 0<C3<1，0<C4<1, the smaller the filter coefficient C3 or C4 is, the gentler the engine load is, and the more C3 is more than C4, namely, the change of the engine load is reflected more truly when the engine load is reduced.
As described above, according to the present application, the object of C1 being greater than C2 is the same as the object of C3 being greater than C4, in order to delay the time at which the piston cooling nozzle 6 is opened to closed, reducing the risk of piston overheating and C1 being greater than C3, C2 being greater than C4 because it has been found through tests that a change in engine speed relative to a change in load is more pronounced in the piston temperature rise, and therefore it is desirable to even further reduce the risk of overheating of the piston cooling nozzle 6 due to engine speed fluctuations. The reason why the filter coefficient is smaller at decreasing engine speed or load is to delay the time at which the piston cooling nozzle 6 is opened to closed, reducing the risk of piston overheating.
In some embodiments, the determining whether to open the piston cooling nozzle 6 according to the filtered engine speed, the filtered engine load, and the corresponding map specifically includes the following steps:
establishing an engine speed and engine load mapping table;
checking the mapping table according to the filtered engine rotation speed to determine the upper limit value of the engine load for opening the piston cooling nozzle 6, and checking the mapping table according to the filtered engine rotation speed to determine the lower limit value of the engine load for closing the piston cooling nozzle 6;
when the engine load after filtering is greater than the engine load upper limit value, the piston cooling nozzle 6 is opened;
when the filtered engine load is between the engine load lower limit value and the engine load upper limit value, the opening and closing state of the piston cooling nozzle 6 is kept unchanged;
when the filtered engine load is less than the lower engine load limit, the piston cooling nozzle 6 is opened or closed depending on the knock and pre-ignition conditions.
In some embodiments, after the piston cooling nozzle 6 is opened once knocking or pre-ignition occurs, the method further includes the following steps:
judging whether the engine 2 knocks with high intensity;
when high intensity knocking occurs, the upper limit value of the engine load at the current filtering rotation speed is updated while the piston cooling nozzle 6 is opened, a load correction value is subtracted from the upper limit value of the engine load, the upper limit value of the engine load at the current filtering rotation speed caused by the high intensity knocking is updated once or more times, and the initial value is restored after the engine 2 is powered off. For increasing the area in which the piston cooling nozzle 6 is open in the event of high intensity knocking, further reducing the risk of piston overheating caused by the occurrence of knocking. The technical defect that only controlling the opening of the piston cooling nozzle 6 is not necessarily capable of reducing the overheating risk when the supercharged engine 2 knocks with high intensity is overcome.
As described above, according to the present application, determining whether the engine 2 knocks with high intensity specifically includes the steps of:
at a certain filter speed and filter load (n)K(N)，rhoK(N)) the amount of change in the ignition angle of the knock retard is not less than the difference between the ignition angle before the knock retard and the minimum ignition angle set value; at a certain filter speed and filter load (n)K(N)，rhoK(N)), when the ignition angle variation of the knock delay reaches the maximum ignition angle variation set value of the knock delay, at least one of the two conditions is satisfied, and the engine generates high intensity knock.
In some embodiments, after the piston cooling nozzle 6 is opened once knocking or pre-ignition occurs, the method further includes the following steps:
accumulating the pre-ignition times of the engine 2 under different filtered engine speeds and different filtered engine loads;
when the pre-ignition times under a certain filtering rotating speed and filtering load exceed the times limit value, updating the upper limit value of the engine load under the current filtering rotating speed while opening the piston cooling nozzle 6, subtracting a load correction value from the upper limit value of the load, updating the upper limit value of the load under the current filtering rotating speed once or for many times due to the pre-ignition, and recovering the initial value after the engine 2 is powered off; when the number of pre-ignition times is large, the area where the piston cooling nozzle 6 is opened is increased, and the risk of piston overheating caused by pre-ignition is further reduced. The technical defect that only controlling the opening of the piston cooling nozzle 6 is not necessarily capable of reducing the overheating risk when the pre-ignition frequency frequently occurs is overcome.
If the times limit is not exceeded, the upper load limit is not updated and only the piston cooling nozzles 6 are opened.
In some embodiments, the piston cooling nozzle 6 electronically controls the valve 5PWM duty cycle to be set to PWM when the piston cooling nozzle 6 is opened to closedMediumA period of time TMediumThen, PWM is setLowA period of time TLowThen, setting the PWM duty ratio to be 0; wherein said time TMediumAnd time TLowThe preset values of delay time are preset values, when the piston cooling nozzle 6 is opened to closed, the preset value of duty ratio control is set to be 0 after delaying for a period of time, the preset value is used for delaying the closing of the piston cooling nozzle 6 when the rotating speed or the load of the engine is reduced, and the transition control further prevents the overheating risk of the piston cooling in the immediate cooling mode.
On the other hand, please refer to fig. 2, the embodiment of the present application further provides a system applying the method as described above, which includes an oil pump 1, a temperature sensor, a piston cooling nozzle 6, an electronic control valve 5 and a controller 4, wherein the oil pump 1 is configured to provide oil to an engine 2; the temperature sensor is configured to detect the temperature of oil of the engine 2, the piston cooling nozzle 6 being configured to direct a jet of oil from the engine 2 towards the pistons of the engine 2; the electronic control valve 5 is configured to control the oil flow to the piston cooling nozzle 6; the controller 4 is configured to control the electronically controlled valve 5 to provide oil to the piston cooling nozzle 6 at a flow rate above a threshold flow rate to effect opening of the piston cooling nozzle 6 when the temperature sensor measures a temperature of oil of the engine 2 that exceeds an opening temperature limit; maintaining a constant flow rate of oil supplied by the electronically controlled valve 5 to the piston cooling nozzle 6 when the temperature sensor measures a temperature of oil of the engine 2 between an opening temperature limit and a closing temperature limit; and when the temperature sensor measures that the temperature of the oil of the engine 2 is lower than the closing temperature limit, the controller 4 determines whether it is necessary to control the electronic control valve 5 to supply oil to the piston cooling nozzle 6 at a flow rate higher than a threshold flow rate according to engine speed, load, knock and pre-ignition conditions to effect opening of the piston cooling nozzle 6.
In some embodiments, referring to fig. 2, the system further includes a rotation speed detection unit 31, a load detection unit 32, a knock detection unit 33, a pre-ignition detection unit 34, and a counter 35, wherein the rotation speed detection unit 31 is configured to detect a rotation speed of the engine 2; the load detection unit 32 is configured to detect a load of the engine 2; the knock detection unit 33 is configured to detect a knock condition of the engine 2; the pre-ignition detection unit 34 is configured to detect a pre-ignition condition of the engine 2; the counter 35 is configured to count the number of preignitions; the controller 4 receives the rotation speed information, the load information, the knock information, the pre-ignition information and the number of pre-ignition times of the rotation speed detection unit 31, the load detection unit 32, the knock detection unit 33, the pre-ignition detection unit 34 and the counter 35, and is used for controlling the electronic control valve 5 to supply oil with a flow rate higher than a threshold flow rate to the piston cooling nozzle 6 according to the rotation speed information, the load information, the knock information, the pre-ignition information and the number of pre-ignition times so as to open the piston cooling nozzle 6.
The influence of sudden change of the working condition of the engine 2 on the control of the piston cooling nozzle 6 is improved through the rotating speed and the load of the engine, the piston cooling nozzle 6 is delayed to be closed when the rotating speed or the load of the engine is reduced, and the overheating risk of the piston is reduced; and when the pre-ignition and the detonation occur, the piston cooling nozzle 6 is opened, and when the high-intensity detonation and the pre-ignition are more, the opening area of the piston cooling nozzle 6 is increased, so that the risk of piston overheating caused by the occurrence of the detonation and the pre-ignition is further reduced.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be configured and controlled in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application. Unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that they may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
It is noted that, in the present application, relational terms such as "first" and "second," and the like, are used solely to distinguish one entity or control from another entity or control without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or controls. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description is merely exemplary of the present application and is presented to enable those skilled in the art to understand and practice the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (8)

1. A method for adaptive control of a piston cooling nozzle, comprising the steps of:
when the engine is powered on, running or stopped, the piston cooling nozzle is closed by default;
obtaining the temperature of engine oil of an engine;
judging whether the engine oil temperature is lower than a closing temperature limit value or not;
performing first-order low-pass filtering processing on the rotating speed of the engine at the current moment to obtain the filtered rotating speed of the engine;
carrying out first-order low-pass filtering processing on the engine load at the current moment to obtain the filtered engine load;
determining whether to open a piston cooling nozzle according to the filtered engine speed, the filtered engine load and a corresponding mapping table;
judging whether the engine knocks or pre-ignites in real time;
upon occurrence of detonation or pre-ignition, the piston cooling nozzle is opened;
judging whether the engine knocks with high intensity;
when high-intensity knocking occurs, the current filtering rotating speed n is updated while a piston cooling nozzle is openedK(N) an upper engine load limit, which is subtracted by a load correction value and at which the current filtered speed N is due to high intensity knockSAnd (N) updating the upper limit value of the engine load for one time or more times, and recovering the initial value after the engine is powered off.
2. The adaptive piston cooling nozzle control method as recited in claim 1, further comprising the step of, after determining whether the engine oil temperature is below a shutdown temperature limit:
when the temperature of engine oil exceeds the opening temperature limit value, the piston cooling nozzle is opened;
and when the temperature of the engine oil is between the closing temperature limit value and the opening temperature limit value, maintaining the current opening and closing state of the piston cooling nozzle unchanged.
3. The adaptive control method for the piston cooling nozzle according to claim 1, wherein the step of performing first-order low-pass filtering on the engine speed at the current moment to obtain the filtered engine speed comprises the following steps:
when the current engine speed is higher than the engine speed after the last filtering, according to the n (N) ═ C1 x [ n ]Act-n(N-1)]+ N (N-1), performing first-order low-pass filtering processing on the engine speed at the time of N, wherein N is 1,2,3, and N (N-1) is the engine speed after filtering at the time of N-1; n (N) is the filtered engine speed at time N; at the moment, the first-order low-pass filter coefficient is an engine speed filter coefficient C1, and the time difference between the time N-1 and the time N is a fixed updating period delta T; n isActActual engine speed at time N;
when the current engine speed is not greater than the filtered engine speed at the previous time, according to n (N) ═ C2 × [ n ]Act-n(N-1)]+ N (N-1) performing filtering processing on the engine speed at the time N, wherein N is 1,2,3, and N (N-1) is the filtered engine speed at the time N-1; n (N) is the filtered engine speed at time N; at the moment, the first-order low-pass filter coefficient is an engine speed filter coefficient C2, and the time difference between the time N-1 and the time N is a fixed updating period delta T; n isActActual engine speed at time N, C1 > C2, 0<C1<1，0<C2<1。
4. The adaptive control method for a piston cooling nozzle according to claim 3, wherein the step of performing first-order low-pass filtering on the engine load at the current moment to obtain a filtered engine load comprises the following steps:
when the current engine load is larger than the filtered engine load at the previous moment, performing first-order low-pass filtering processing on the engine load at the N moment according to the following formula:
rho(N)＝C3×[rhoAct-rho(N-1)]+ rho (N-1), where N ═ 1,2,3, rho (N-1) is the filtered engine load at time N-1; rho (N) is the filtered engine load at time N; at the moment, the first-order low-pass filter coefficient is an engine speed filter coefficient C3, and the time difference between the moment N-1 and the moment N is a fixed updating period delta T; rho (rho)ActActual engine load at time N;
if the current engine load is not greater than the filtered engine load at the previous moment, performing first-order low-pass filtering processing on the engine load at the N moment according to the following formula:
rho(N)＝C4×[rhoAct-rho(N-1)]+ rho (N-1), where N ═ 1,2,3, rho (N-1) is the filtered engine load at time N-1; rho (N) is the filtered engine load at time N; at the moment, the first-order low-pass filter coefficient is an engine load filter coefficient C4, and the time difference between the time N-1 and the time N is a fixed updating period delta T; rho (rho)ActActual engine load at time N, where C3 > C4, 0<C3<1，0<C4<1。
5. The adaptive piston cooling nozzle control method according to claim 4, wherein the determining whether to open the piston cooling nozzle according to the filtered engine speed, the filtered engine load and the corresponding map comprises the steps of:
establishing an engine speed and engine load mapping table;
checking the mapping table according to the filtered engine rotation speed to determine the upper limit value of the engine load for opening the piston cooling nozzle, and checking the mapping table according to the filtered engine rotation speed to determine the lower limit value of the engine load for closing the piston cooling nozzle;
when the engine load after filtering is greater than the engine load upper limit value, the piston cooling nozzle is opened;
when the filtered engine load is between the engine load lower limit value and the engine load upper limit value, the opening and closing state of the piston cooling nozzle is kept unchanged;
and when the filtered engine load is smaller than the lower limit value of the engine load, opening or closing the piston cooling nozzle according to the conditions of knocking and pre-ignition.
6. The adaptive piston cooling nozzle control method as recited in claim 1, further comprising the step of, after the piston cooling nozzle is opened upon occurrence of knocking or pre-ignition:
accumulating the rotating speed of the engine after different filtering and the pre-ignition times of the engine under different engine loads after different filtering;
when the pre-ignition times under a certain filtering rotating speed and filtering load exceed the times limit value, updating the upper limit value of the engine load under the current filtering rotating speed while opening the piston cooling nozzle, subtracting a load correction value from the upper limit value of the load, updating the upper limit value of the load under the current filtering rotating speed once or for many times due to the pre-ignition, and recovering the initial value after the engine is powered off;
if the number of times limit is not exceeded, the upper load limit is not updated and only the piston cooling nozzles are opened.
7. The adaptive control method for the piston cooling nozzle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the PWM duty control is set to 0 after a delay for a predetermined time from the opening to the closing of the piston cooling nozzle.
8. A system for applying the adaptive control method for a piston cooling nozzle according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising:
an oil pump configured to provide oil to an engine;
a temperature sensor configured to detect a temperature of engine oil,
a piston cooling nozzle configured to direct a jet of oil from the engine towards a piston of the engine; and
an electronically controlled valve configured to control oil flow to the piston cooling nozzle; and
a controller configured to:
when the temperature sensor measures that the temperature of engine oil exceeds an opening temperature limit, controlling the electronically controlled valve to provide oil to the piston cooling nozzle at a flow rate above a threshold flow rate to effect opening of the piston cooling nozzle;
maintaining a constant flow rate of oil supplied by the electronically controlled valve to the piston cooling nozzle when the temperature sensor measures a temperature of engine oil between an open temperature limit and a closed temperature limit; and
when the temperature sensor measures that the temperature of engine oil is below a shut-off temperature limit, a controller determines whether it is necessary to control the electronically controlled valve to provide oil to the piston cooling nozzle at a flow rate above a threshold flow rate to effect opening of the piston cooling nozzle based on engine speed, load, knock, and pre-ignition conditions.
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