CN111875853A - Degradable environment-friendly straw and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Degradable environment-friendly straw and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111875853A CN111875853A CN202010829244.6A CN202010829244A CN111875853A CN 111875853 A CN111875853 A CN 111875853A CN 202010829244 A CN202010829244 A CN 202010829244A CN 111875853 A CN111875853 A CN 111875853A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L3/00—Compositions of starch, amylose or amylopectin or of their derivatives or degradation products
- C08L3/04—Starch derivatives, e.g. crosslinked derivatives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/003—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C41/00—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor
- B29C41/02—Shaping by coating a mould, core or other substrate, i.e. by depositing material and stripping-off the shaped article; Apparatus therefor for making articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C41/14—Dipping a core
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/06—Biodegradable
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/18—Applications used for pipes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
- C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of straws, and provides a degradable environment-friendly straw and a preparation method thereof, wherein the degradable environment-friendly straw comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-8 parts of sodium alginate, 0.5-5 parts of pectin, 0.5-2 parts of welan gum, 8-30 parts of modified starch, 5-10 parts of plasticizer, 0.5-1.5 parts of tea polyphenol, 0.4-1.2 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.2-1 part of calcium gluconate, 0.5-2 parts of tartaric acid and 50-100 parts of deionized water. The manufactured straw is safe, sanitary, free of toxic and side effects, environment-friendly, edible and easy to degrade, suitable for wide popularization and application, can replace a disposable plastic straw, and solves the problems that the disposable plastic straw in the prior art is difficult to degrade and easily causes environmental and marine ecological pollution.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of straws, in particular to a degradable environment-friendly straw and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The straw is an auxiliary tool commonly used in daily life when people drink various drinks, and the straw can be divided into plastic, stainless steel, paper, silicon rubber and the like from the material aspect, but the disposable plastic straw has remarkable advantages in the aspects of portability, safety, cost and the like, so that the disposable plastic straw is the most widely used straw product in the world at present. However, the disposable plastic straw has the following hazards: (1) the plastic straw mainly comprises polyethylene and polypropylene, most straws provided by many restaurants on the market are 'Sanwu' products, and the plastic straw is processed by illegal vendors by utilizing recycled waste plastics, contains possible carcinogenic toxic substances, and is harmful to human health as toxic and harmful substances are dissolved in drinks during use; (2) the plastic suction pipe has the characteristics of stability and difficult degradation, the environment and the ocean can be seriously polluted when the plastic suction pipe is discarded into the nature, most of plastic garbage enters the ocean in the form of particles and bottom sediments, the life and health of marine organisms are harmed, and plastics in the marine organisms can finally enter human bodies due to the predation of human beings.
In the end of 2020, the use of non-degradable disposable plastic straws is prohibited in the catering industry all over the country, so that research and development of products which can be easily degraded after use and do not pollute the environment to replace the disposable plastic straws becomes the mainstream of future development. Chinese patent No.: 201010580689.1 discloses a method for preparing a high transparent degradable material, which comprises the following steps: 1) preparing raw materials: weighing the following raw material components in percentage by weight: 95-98 parts of polypropylene resin, 1-5 parts of polystyrene resin and 0.01-0.05 part of food-grade benzoic acid; 0.1-0.5 of modified paraffin; 2) mixing the components to form a polypropylene resin modified mixture; 3) and standing the modified mixture at low temperature for later use. The straw can be prepared by adopting the materials, and the method comprises the following steps: 4) preparing a suction pipe extrusion host machine and a circular die head matched with the host machine for use; 5) feeding the modified mixture into an extrusion main machine to prepare a continuous circular hollow straw; 7) cutting the prepared continuous linear suction pipe into suction pipe sections. The material provided by the invention is high in transparency and degradable, scientific and reasonable in method, high in production efficiency, good in product performance and low in cost.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, aiming at the content, the invention provides a degradable environment-friendly straw and a preparation method thereof, and solves the problems that the disposable plastic straw in the prior art is difficult to degrade and is easy to cause environmental and marine ecological pollution.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a degradable environment-friendly straw comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2-8 parts of sodium alginate, 0.5-5 parts of pectin, 0.5-2 parts of welan gum, 8-30 parts of modified starch, 5-10 parts of plasticizer, 0.5-1.5 parts of tea polyphenol, 0.4-1.2 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.2-1 part of calcium gluconate, 0.5-2 parts of tartaric acid and 50-100 parts of deionized water.
The further improvement is that: the preparation method of the modified starch comprises the following steps: dissolving common starch in a sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1.5-5 times of that of the common starch, then adding propylene oxide, stirring and reacting for 3-5 hours at 55-65 ℃, then adding maleic anhydride, stirring and reacting for 1-2 hours, washing, carrying out suction filtration, and drying to obtain the modified starch. The common starch is any one of wheat starch, corn starch, potato starch and sweet potato starch.
The further improvement is that: the mass ratio of the common starch to the epoxypropane to the maleic anhydride is 10-12: 1.8-3: 1.2-2.4.
The further improvement is that: the plasticizer is formed by mixing one or more than two of fructose, sorbitol and glycerol in any ratio.
The further improvement is that: and 0.01-0.5 part of edible pigment.
The further improvement is that: the edible pigment is one or more of lemon yellow, brilliant blue, indigo, caramel pigment, beta-carotene, curcumin, beet red, gardenia blue, tea yellow pigment, phycocyanin, and capsicum orange.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the degradable environment-friendly straw, which comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw material components in parts by weight for later use;
(2) adding modified starch into deionized water, continuously stirring and heating to 70-90 ℃, stirring for 1-2 h to form a viscous and uniform transparent paste solution, adding the rest other components, and continuously stirring for 1-5 h to obtain a glue solution;
(3) ultrasonic defoaming the glue solution obtained in the step (2) by using ultrasonic defoaming equipment;
(4) coating demoulding oil on a mould needle of the stainless steel mould, then immersing the mould needle into glue solution, lifting the mould needle after dipping the glue, and drying the mould needle to form a glue film on the mould needle by the glue solution;
(5) and (4) stripping the glue film prepared in the step (4) from the lower part of a mould needle, cooling, pulling out the shell and trimming to obtain the degradable environment-friendly straw.
The further improvement is that: the demolding oil in the step (4) is a mixture of food-grade white oil and glycerin, and the mass ratio of the food-grade white oil to the glycerin is 50-60: 1.
The further improvement is that: 0.01-0.5 part of edible pigment is also added in the step (2).
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the degradable environment-friendly straw prepared by the invention has the advantages of wide raw material source, no additive chemical preservative, simple preparation process, safety, sanitation, no toxic or side effect, environmental friendliness, edibility, easy degradation, suitability for wide popularization and application and replacement of disposable plastic straws. The invention takes modified starch, sodium alginate, pectin, welan gum and plasticizer as main raw materials, wherein the sodium alginate, the pectin and the welan gum are compounded to be used as gelling agent to promote the glue solution to form colloid quickly, and common starch is modified, new functional groups are introduced to improve the defects of the common starch in the aspects of gelling force, transparency, film forming property and the like, and the invention can also play a role in toughening and strengthening. The tea polyphenol has broad antibacterial spectrum and definite inhibition capability on almost all animal and plant pathogenic bacteria in nature, the straw product prepared by adding the tea polyphenol into the raw materials has good antibacterial property, and meanwhile, the tea polyphenol also has strong reducibility, plays a stable role in edible pigment and prevents the edible pigment from being oxidized and faded. The chitosan oligosaccharide is water-soluble polysaccharide with positive charges, has high biodegradability, is safe and non-toxic, has good antibacterial property and oxidation resistance, and can further improve the antibacterial property of the straw by being compounded with tea polyphenol. In addition, the edible mouthfeel of the straw can be improved by adding chitosan. The tartaric acid can prevent gel hardening during production and storage of the product, and enhance the chewing property of the straw.
(2) Pectin is a hydrophilic colloid extracted from pericarp, has good gelling property and food flavor improving effect, and the straw added with pectin has good taste and is not sticky to teeth. The sodium alginate is a by-product obtained after iodine and mannitol are extracted from brown algae kelp or gulfweed, and is crosslinked with calcium gluconate to form calcium alginate gel, so that a glue solution is promoted to form a colloid, the comprehensive utilization value of marine algae is improved by using the sodium alginate as a raw material to prepare the straw, and the chain of the marine algae deep processing industry is expanded. The welan gum is a hydrophilic colloid synthesized in the microbial metabolic process, has a regular and stable structure in a solution, has higher viscosity at low concentration and has good compatibility with other colloids. The pectin, the sodium alginate and the welsh gum are used in a matching way, so that the effect is greatly improved, and the mechanical property and the thermodynamic stability of the product are enhanced. After the modified starch and the composite gel are compounded, the system has better viscoelasticity and stability.
(3) The ultrasonic defoaming device is used for carrying out ultrasonic treatment on the glue solution, and aims to utilize the ultrasonic cavitation effect to ensure that the air dissolved in the glue solution is supersaturated, and bubbles rise to the surface of the glue solution from the inside of the glue solution, thereby reducing the adverse effect of the bubbles on a finished product. In addition, the chitosan oligosaccharide can be further dispersed by ultrasonic treatment, so that the contact area of the chitosan oligosaccharide and microorganisms is increased, the chitosan oligosaccharide and the microorganisms such as bacteria can be favorably subjected to electrostatic and chelating effects, the antimicrobial activity of the chitosan oligosaccharide and the microorganisms such as bacteria can be better exerted, and the antibacterial property of the straw can be enhanced.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description will be provided for the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific embodiments, so that how to apply the technical means to solve the technical problems and achieve the technical effects can be fully understood and implemented.
Unless otherwise indicated, the techniques employed in the examples are conventional and well known to those skilled in the art, and the reagents and products employed are also commercially available. The source, trade name and if necessary the constituents of the reagents used are indicated at the first appearance.
Example one
A degradable environment-friendly straw comprises the following components in parts by weight: 2 parts of sodium alginate, 0.5 part of pectin, 0.5 part of welan gum, 8 parts of modified starch, 5 parts of fructose, 0.5 part of tea polyphenol, 0.4 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.2 part of calcium gluconate, 0.5 part of tartaric acid, 0.01 part of brilliant blue and 50 parts of deionized water. The preparation method of the modified starch comprises the following steps: dissolving wheat starch in a sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1.5 times that of common starch, then adding propylene oxide, stirring and reacting for 3 hours at 55 ℃, then adding maleic anhydride, stirring and reacting for 1 hour, washing, carrying out suction filtration, and drying to obtain modified starch, wherein the mass ratio of the common starch to the propylene oxide to the maleic anhydride is 10:1.8: 1.2.
A preparation method of a degradable environment-friendly straw comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw material components in parts by weight for later use;
(2) adding modified starch into deionized water, stirring and heating to 70 deg.C, stirring for 1 hr to form viscous and uniform transparent paste solution, adding the rest other components, and stirring for 1 hr to obtain glue solution;
(3) ultrasonic defoaming the glue solution obtained in the step (2) by using ultrasonic defoaming equipment;
(4) coating demolding oil on a mold needle of a stainless steel mold, wherein the demolding oil is a mixture of food-grade white oil and glycerol according to a mass ratio of 50:1, then immersing the mold needle into glue solution, lifting the mold needle after dipping the glue, and drying the mold needle to form a glue film on the mold needle by the glue solution;
(5) and (4) stripping the glue film prepared in the step (4) from the lower part of a mould needle, cooling, pulling out the shell and trimming to obtain the degradable environment-friendly straw.
Example two
A degradable environment-friendly straw comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of sodium alginate, 3 parts of pectin, 1.2 parts of welan gum, 20 parts of modified starch, 8 parts of sorbitol, 1 part of tea polyphenol, 0.8 part of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.6 part of calcium gluconate, 1.2 parts of tartaric acid, 0.2 part of lemon yellow and 75 parts of deionized water. The preparation method of the modified starch comprises the following steps: dissolving potato starch in a sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass of the sodium hydroxide solution is 3 times that of common starch, then adding propylene oxide, stirring and reacting for 4 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, then adding maleic anhydride, stirring and reacting for 1.5 hours, washing, filtering, and drying to obtain modified starch, wherein the mass ratio of the common starch to the propylene oxide to the maleic anhydride is 11:2.4: 1.8.
A preparation method of a degradable environment-friendly straw comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw material components in parts by weight for later use;
(2) adding modified starch into deionized water, stirring and heating to 80 deg.C, stirring for 1.5 hr to form viscous and uniform transparent paste solution, adding the rest other components, and stirring for 3 hr to obtain glue solution;
(3) ultrasonic defoaming the glue solution obtained in the step (2) by using ultrasonic defoaming equipment;
(4) coating demoulding oil on a mould needle of a stainless steel mould, wherein the demoulding oil is a mixture of food-grade white oil and glycerol according to a mass ratio of 55:1, then immersing the mould needle into glue solution, lifting the mould needle after dipping the glue, drying the mould needle, and forming a glue film on the glue solution on the mould needle;
(5) and (4) stripping the glue film prepared in the step (4) from the lower part of a mould needle, cooling, pulling out the shell and trimming to obtain the degradable environment-friendly straw.
EXAMPLE III
A degradable environment-friendly straw comprises the following components in parts by weight: 8 parts of sodium alginate, 5 parts of pectin, 2 parts of welan gum, 30 parts of modified starch, 10 parts of glycerol, 1.5 parts of tea polyphenol, 1.2 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 1 part of calcium gluconate, 2 parts of tartaric acid, 0.5 part of gardenia and 100 parts of deionized water. The preparation method of the modified starch comprises the following steps: dissolving sweet potato starch in a sodium hydroxide solution, adding propylene oxide, stirring and reacting for 5 hours at 65 ℃, then adding maleic anhydride, stirring and reacting for 2 hours, washing, filtering, and drying to obtain modified starch, wherein the mass ratio of the common starch to the propylene oxide to the maleic anhydride is 12:3: 2.4.
A preparation method of a degradable environment-friendly straw comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw material components in parts by weight for later use;
(2) adding modified starch into deionized water, stirring and heating to 90 deg.C, stirring for 2 hr to form viscous and uniform transparent paste solution, adding the rest other components, and stirring for 5 hr to obtain glue solution;
(3) ultrasonic defoaming the glue solution obtained in the step (2) by using ultrasonic defoaming equipment;
(4) coating demolding oil on a mold needle of a stainless steel mold, wherein the demolding oil is a mixture of food-grade white oil and glycerol according to a mass ratio of 60:1, then immersing the mold needle into glue solution, lifting the mold needle after dipping the glue, and drying the mold needle to form a glue film on the mold needle by the glue solution;
(5) and (4) stripping the glue film prepared in the step (4) from the lower part of a mould needle, cooling, pulling out the shell and trimming to obtain the degradable environment-friendly straw.
Performance testing
The light transmittance, the natural degradation days, the antibacterial property and the edible mouthfeel of the degradable environment-friendly straw prepared in the first to third examples are measured, and the results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Evaluation of sensory quality
20 sensory evaluators were trained to evaluate the chewiness and mouthfeel of the degradable environment-friendly straws prepared in examples one to three, and the results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
The above description is only an embodiment utilizing the technical content of the present disclosure, and any modification and variation made by those skilled in the art can be covered by the claims of the present disclosure, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed.
Claims (8)
1. A degradable environment-friendly straw is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight: 2-8 parts of sodium alginate, 0.5-5 parts of pectin, 0.5-2 parts of welan gum, 8-30 parts of modified starch, 5-10 parts of plasticizer, 0.5-1.5 parts of tea polyphenol, 0.4-1.2 parts of chitosan oligosaccharide, 0.2-1 part of calcium gluconate, 0.5-2 parts of tartaric acid and 50-100 parts of deionized water.
2. The degradable environment-friendly straw according to claim 1, characterized in that: the preparation method of the modified starch comprises the following steps: dissolving common starch in a sodium hydroxide solution, wherein the mass of the sodium hydroxide solution is 1.5-5 times of that of the common starch, then adding propylene oxide, stirring and reacting for 3-5 hours at 55-65 ℃, then adding maleic anhydride, stirring and reacting for 1-2 hours, washing, carrying out suction filtration, and drying to obtain the modified starch.
3. The degradable environment-friendly straw according to claim 2, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the common starch to the epoxypropane to the maleic anhydride is 10-12: 1.8-3: 1.2-2.4.
4. The degradable environment-friendly straw according to claim 1, characterized in that: the plasticizer is formed by mixing one or more than two of fructose, sorbitol and glycerol in any ratio.
5. The degradable environment-friendly straw according to claim 1, characterized in that: and 0.01-0.5 part of edible pigment.
6. The degradable environment-friendly straw according to claim 1, characterized in that: the edible pigment is one or more of lemon yellow, brilliant blue, indigo, caramel pigment, beta-carotene, curcumin, beet red, gardenia blue, tea yellow pigment, phycocyanin, and capsicum orange.
7. The method for preparing the degradable environment-friendly straw as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) weighing the raw material components in parts by weight for later use;
(2) adding modified starch into deionized water, continuously stirring and heating to 70-90 ℃, stirring for 1-2 h to form a viscous and uniform transparent paste solution, adding the rest other components, and continuously stirring for 1-5 h to obtain a glue solution;
(3) ultrasonic defoaming the glue solution obtained in the step (2) by using ultrasonic defoaming equipment;
(4) coating demoulding oil on a mould needle of the stainless steel mould, then immersing the mould needle into glue solution, lifting the mould needle after dipping the glue, and drying the mould needle to form a glue film on the mould needle by the glue solution;
(5) and (4) stripping the glue film prepared in the step (4) from the lower part of a mould needle, cooling, pulling out the shell and trimming to obtain the degradable environment-friendly straw.
8. The method for preparing a degradable environment-friendly straw according to claim 7, is characterized in that: the demolding oil in the step (4) is a mixture of food-grade white oil and glycerin, and the mass ratio of the food-grade white oil to the glycerin is 50-60: 1.
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| CN112876746A (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2021-06-01 | 沈阳化工大学 | Preparation method of degradable food and beverage straw |
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| WO2023123662A1 (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-07-06 | 青岛农业大学 | Preparation method for edible and biodegradable tableware |
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| US11912856B2 (en) | 2021-06-23 | 2024-02-27 | Loliware, Inc. | Bio-based, biodegradable compositions and articles made therefrom |
| WO2023123662A1 (en) * | 2021-12-27 | 2023-07-06 | 青岛农业大学 | Preparation method for edible and biodegradable tableware |
| CN115339038A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-11-15 | 青岛农业大学 | System and method for manufacturing edible gel straw |
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