CN111875264A - Cover plate glass strengthening process - Google Patents
Cover plate glass strengthening process Download PDFInfo
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- CN111875264A CN111875264A CN202010811380.2A CN202010811380A CN111875264A CN 111875264 A CN111875264 A CN 111875264A CN 202010811380 A CN202010811380 A CN 202010811380A CN 111875264 A CN111875264 A CN 111875264A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C21/00—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface
- C03C21/001—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions
- C03C21/002—Treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by diffusing ions or metals in the surface in liquid phase, e.g. molten salts, solutions to perform ion-exchange between alkali ions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B27/00—Tempering or quenching glass products
- C03B27/04—Tempering or quenching glass products using gas
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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- Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
Abstract
A method for strengthening cover glass comprises the following steps: first step strengthening: cleaning the surface of cover plate glass to be strengthened, then soaking the cover plate glass in ion-exchanged molten salt in a strengthening furnace for 4 to 7 hours at the temperature of 350-380 ℃ to carry out ion exchange, wherein the formula of the molten salt is more than one molten liquid of potassium salt, sodium salt and lithium salt; and a second step of reinforcement: controlling the temperature of the strengthening furnace at 370-400 ℃, and soaking the cover plate glass after the first-step strengthening into a formula with the mass fraction of 70-100: 0 to 30 potassium salt: and soaking the glass plate in a molten salt solution of lithium salt for 1-3 hours, and then putting the glass plate into a closed container to cool the glass plate to room temperature to obtain the strengthened cover plate glass. The stress depth of the strengthened cover plate glass is 40-65 μm, the surface stress strength is 800-1300MPa, the warping degree is lower than 0.1mm, and the expansion rate of the external dimension is lower than 2%.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical engineering, and relates to a cover plate glass strengthening process.
Background
Cover plate glass (CoverLens), also known as strengthened optical glass, glass windows, strengthened mobile phone lenses and the like, is mainly applied to the outermost layer of a touch screen, and is mainly made of ultrathin plate glass as a raw material, and has the functions of impact resistance, scratch resistance and the like after being subjected to cutting, CNC (computerized numerical control) engraving, thinning, strengthening, film coating, printing and other processes. The glass is brittle and fragile, and the cover glass is very thin, the hundred degrees range is 0.3-0.8mm, and if the cover glass is not strengthened or toughened, the cover glass is easy to break under a very small external force, so that the further application of the cover glass can be influenced.
Therefore, conventionally, cover glasses have been subjected to physical or chemical treatment in order to satisfy various environmental properties required for glasses for mobile device applications, particularly various physicochemical properties, for example, mechanical strength suitable for the environment used in the next work, chemical stability such as weather resistance, and optical properties such as transmittance and refractive index. For example, annealing is often performed for adjusting the refractive index and density, and chemical treatment such as ion exchange (ion-exchange) is generally used for strengthening the glass surface.
The principle of chemical strengthening is carried out by a low-temperature ion exchange process, wherein low temperature is a temperature range in which the exchange temperature is not higher than the glass transition temperature, and is a temperature range in which the high-temperature ion exchange process is higher than the transition temperature and lower than the softening point. Simple principle of low temperature ion exchange process: in the alkali salt solution at about 400 ℃, ions with smaller radius in the glass surface layer are exchanged with ions with larger radius in the solution, for example, lithium ions in the glass are exchanged with potassium or sodium ions in the solution, sodium ions in the glass are exchanged with potassium ions in the solution, and the intercalation stress is formed on the glass surface layer by utilizing the difference in the volume of alkali ions. The quantity of the large ions embedded into the surface layer of the glass is in direct proportion to the surface layer compressive stress, so the quantity of ion exchange and the depth of the exchanged surface layer are key indexes of the enhancement effect. Because the ion exchange layer is uniformly carried out, the chemical toughened glass method has obvious effect of reinforcing thin glass, and is particularly suitable for reinforcing glass with the thickness of less than 5 mm.
Chinese patent CN102690059B discloses aluminosilicate glass and glass ceramic for chemical tempering, which can be obtained by adding 0.01-8 wt% of P2O5High ion exchange rates are achieved. The glass contains 2-6 wt% of Li2O, and the glass melting temperature and the glass transition temperature can be lowered. The glass of the invention has a low glass transition temperature (Tg) of 480-590 ℃, and the glass hardness is at least 600Kg/mm2. The glass of the present invention has a large surface stress depth of layer (DoL) and a high surface Compressive Stress (CS) after chemical tempering. After tempering in pure KNO3, a potassium ion stress layer can be formed, DOL is at least 20 μm, and CS is at least 600 MPa. In mixed salts of KNO3 and NaNO3 or with KNO3And NaNO3Two-step tempering is carried out, potassium and sodium ion stress layers can be formed simultaneously, DoL is at least 50 mu m, and CS is at least 600 MPa. In addition, the aluminosilicates of this patentThe glass can be converted into a glass-ceramic by further heat treatment.
Taiwan patent TW1424972B discloses a chemically strengthened glass article having at least one deep-pressed layer extending from a surface of the article to a depth of at least about 45 μm within the article. In one embodiment, the compressive stress profile includes a single linear portion extending from the surface to the depth of compression DOC. In addition, the compressive stress profile includes two linear portions: the first portion extends from the surface to a relatively shallow depth and has a steep slope; and the second portion extends from a shallow depth to a compressed depth. The strengthened glass has a 60% survival rate when dropped from a height of 80 cm in an inverted ball drop test and an equiaxial flexural strength of at least 10 kilograms as determined by a ground ring test.
Although many methods and combinations of physical and chemical strengthening methods are proposed in the prior art to improve the strength of the cover glass, there are some serious problems based on the current research stage, such as the limited strength improvement of the glass, which limits the further application; during ion exchange, high temperatures cause alkali constituents to volatilize from the molten glass; after ion exchange, the glass bending degree of the toughened glass plate is overlarge due to uneven stress. The series of problems are also the problems which need to be solved urgently in the glass industry at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a solution scheme based on the following principle in order to solve the problems of insufficient cover plate glass strengthening (low self favorable parameters), uneven glass plane stress distribution and overlarge bending degree in the prior art, and aims to effectively improve the CS (stress value) and DOL (stress depth) of a mobile phone glass cover plate in a strengthening working section and reduce the warping degree.
The principle is that the strength of the glass is improved by changing the composition of the surface of the glass, specifically by using Na+Or K+Ions and Al on the surface of the glass+The ions exchange with some alkali metal ions to form an ion exchange layer on the surface, and after the glass is cooled to normal temperature, the outer surface of the glass can bear compressive stress, and the inner surface of the glass can bear tensile stress, so that the effect similar to toughened glass is achieved.
In addition, the present invention employs a two-step strengthening technique to reduce warpage of glass (aluminosilicate glass) which may occur when compressive and tensile stresses within the glass are unequal, as well as other causes such as non-uniform ion diffusion exchange which may result in glass warpage. The two-step strengthening technique also adds CS (stress value) and DOL (stress depth) to the glass of the present invention.
The invention aims to avoid the problem that alkali metal volatilizes in a glass melting state in the ion exchange process at an over-high temperature to cause the reduction of the ion exchange effect, so a low-temperature ion exchange method is used. In the first step of strengthening DOL, mixed salt solution of potassium, sodium and lithium salt (molten state of salt) is used, and the DOL is soaked for 4-7 hours at the temperature of 350-380 ℃ so that the stress depth can be 35-38 mu m;
in the second step of strengthening CS, the glass is soaked for 1-3 hours at the temperature of 370-400 ℃ by using a potassium salt solution (molten state of salt) which is close to 100% of pure salt, so that the CS strength of the glass can reach more than 750MPa when the depth of the glass reaches 40 mu m. Can reduce the glass warpage and avoid the size expansion during the glass strengthening, and has simple steps and convenient operation and control. Therefore, the stability of potassium ions is higher than that of sodium ions, and the volatilization loss of excessive sodium ions can be avoided.
Meanwhile, the invention can also selectively carry out the third step of strengthening, and carry out heat treatment on the cover plate glass after the two steps of strengthening. Placing the cover glass in an annealing furnace at 500-600 ℃ for 30-200 minutes, taking the cover glass out of the annealing furnace, and quenching by blowing room-temperature air onto the cover glass at a flow rate of 20-40m/s, wherein the quenching is controlled at a cooling speed of 80-120 ℃/s. The CS strength of the obtained strengthened cover plate glass is improved by 5-10 percent again.
The strengthened cover plate glass obtained by the strengthening method at least comprises one layer of outer surface under compressive stress and at least one layer of inner surface under tensile stress.
The method for strengthening the cover plate glass comprises the following steps:
first step strengthening: cleaning the surface of cover plate glass to be strengthened, then soaking the cover plate glass in ion-exchanged molten salt in a strengthening furnace for 4 to 7 hours at the temperature of 350-380 ℃ to carry out ion exchange, wherein the formula of the molten salt is more than one molten liquid of potassium salt, sodium salt and lithium salt;
and a second step of reinforcement: controlling the temperature of the strengthening furnace at 370-400 ℃, and soaking the cover plate glass after the first-step strengthening into a formula with the mass fraction of 70-100: 0 to 30 potassium salt: and soaking the glass plate in a molten salt solution of lithium salt for 1-3 hours, and then putting the glass plate into a closed container to cool the glass plate to room temperature to obtain the strengthened cover plate glass.
In the first-step strengthening, the formula of the molten salt is a potassium salt molten liquid calculated by mass fraction: sodium salt melt 50-75: 25-50 or potassium salt melt: the ratio of the lithium salt melt to the lithium salt melt was 70-90: 10-30.
Wherein, the potassium salt, the sodium salt and the lithium salt in the first step strengthening and the second step strengthening can be selected from one or more of chloride salt, nitrate salt or carbonate salt.
Wherein the physical and chemical properties of the obtained strengthened glass are as follows: the stress depth of the cover plate glass is 40-65 μm, the surface stress strength is 800-1300MPa, the warping degree is lower than 0.1mm, and the expansion rate of the external dimension is lower than 2%.
Wherein the protocol may optionally include a third step of reinforcement. And carrying out heat treatment on the cover plate glass after the two-step strengthening, wherein the heat treatment comprises the following steps: placing the cover glass in an annealing furnace at 500-600 ℃ for 30-200 minutes, taking the cover glass out of the annealing furnace, and quenching by blowing room-temperature air onto the cover glass at a flow rate of 20-40m/s, wherein the quenching is controlled at a cooling speed of 80-120 ℃/s. The surface stress intensity of the obtained strengthened cover plate glass is improved by 5-10% again, and the warping degree is further reduced.
The technical effect of the scheme of the invention is as follows:
two-step strengthening is adopted, two special effects are strengthened respectively, the DOL depth can be guaranteed through the first step strengthening, the surface pressure stress is rapidly increased to reach an expected value through the second step strengthening, and warping degree deformation is small.
Wherein alkali metal with large atomic radius is preferentially adopted and proper ion exchange temperature is selected to avoid ion volatilization loss in high-temperature ion exchange.
The third optional step of strengthening, annealing can balance the stress of the cover plate glass plane, eliminate the stress concentration effect, thereby reducing the warping degree again and improving the stress intensity of the glass surface.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the invention is intended to be illustrative, and is not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Cover plate glass strengthening is a secondary processing technique of glass, generally refers to improving the strength of the glass by changing the chemical composition of the surface of the glass, and generally adopts an ion exchange method for strengthening. The principle of ion exchange strengthening is that a compressive stress layer is formed on the surface of glass through ion exchange to improve the strength of the glass, and small-radius alkali metal ions in the glass are exchanged with large-radius alkali metal ions in molten salt to generate a squeezing phenomenon on the surface of the glass to form the surface compressive stress layer. This places certain demands on the alkali metal content of the glass, where the number of ion exchanges and the depth of the exchange layer are key indicators of the reinforcing effect, and the strength of the glass is also affected by the surface quality and the edge finishing quality.
The cover glass of the present invention is generally selected from cover glasses for mobile end devices such as mobile phones and flat panels, and is generally made of high alumina silica glass. The cover glass composition may be selected from: SiO 2250-60，Al2O315-20，MgO 8-12，SnO22- 6，V2O53-10，ZnO 1-4，TiO24 to 6, and the balance of Na2And O, calculating the components in percentage by mass.
Before ion exchange, the cover glass is cleaned and, if necessary, subjected to surface treatment such as polishing or flattening. The cleaning can be carried out by soaking for a certain time by using an ethanol solution and then drying in an oven for standby. The environment of ion exchange is selected to be a closed strengthening furnace, so that the purity is ensured. The choice of the strengthening furnace is a box-type resistance furnace with intelligent sensitivity and controllable temperature, and the strengthening furnace is provided with a soaking container and a cooling chamber which are separated independently, so that the strengthening furnace is convenient to cool after ion exchange.
The ion-exchanged salt is selected to be an inorganic ionic salt. Preferably a chloride, nitrate or carbonate.
The technical scheme for strengthening the cover plate glass comprises the following steps:
first step strengthening: cleaning the surface of cover plate glass to be strengthened, then soaking the cover plate glass in ion-exchanged molten salt in a strengthening furnace for 4-7 hours at the temperature of 350-380 ℃ for ion exchange, wherein the formula of the molten salt is more than two kinds of molten liquid of potassium salt, sodium salt and lithium salt.
And a second step of reinforcement: controlling the temperature of the strengthening furnace to be 370-400 ℃, and soaking the cover plate glass after the first-step strengthening into a formula with the mass fraction of 90-100: 0 to 10 potassium salt: and soaking the glass plate in a molten salt solution of lithium salt for 1-3 hours, and then putting the glass plate into a closed container to cool the glass plate to room temperature to obtain the strengthened cover plate glass.
In the first-step strengthening, the formula of the molten salt comprises the following components in percentage by mass: sodium salt melt 50-75: 25-50 or potassium salt melt: the ratio of the lithium salt melt to the lithium salt melt was 70-90: 10-30.
Wherein, the potassium salt, the sodium salt and the lithium salt in the first step strengthening and the second step strengthening can be selected from one or more of chloride salt, nitrate salt or carbonate salt.
Wherein the physical and chemical properties of the obtained strengthened glass are as follows: the stress depth of the cover plate glass is 40-60 mu m, the surface stress strength is 750-1300MPa, the warping degree is lower than 0.1mm, and the expansion rate of the external dimension is lower than 2%.
Wherein, optionally, a third step of reinforcement is included. And carrying out heat treatment on the cover plate glass after the two-step strengthening, wherein the heat treatment comprises the following steps: placing the cover glass in an annealing furnace at 500-600 ℃ for 30-200 minutes, taking the cover glass out of the annealing furnace, and quenching by blowing room-temperature air onto the cover glass at a flow rate of 20-40m/s, wherein the quenching is controlled at a cooling speed of 80-120 ℃/s. The surface stress intensity of the obtained strengthened cover plate glass is improved by 5-10% again, and the warping degree is further reduced.
[ examples ]
According to the following table, different molten salt compositions for ion exchange, ion exchange temperature and time, annealing temperature and time, and quenching air flow rate process conditions are designed to obtain the cover plate glass of the invention.
TABLE 1
The cover glass tested was cut to size: 120 x 50 x 0.5 mm.
The surface compressive stress values and the surface compressive stress depths were measured using a surface stress meter, model Orihara FSM6000, japan. The warping degree is obtained by measuring with a laser plane warping degree image tester HK-EVM-30N.
The dimensional expansion was measured using a vertical 822DIL series thermal dilatometer.
The air flow rate is compressed and controlled by air with the pressure ranging from 1 MPa to 2 MPa.
The performance results of the test on the cover glass are given in table 2 below:
TABLE 2
In addition, the parameters of the cover glass obtained by the one-step strengthening and the two-step strengthening of example 1 were compared, and the results are shown in Table 3:
TABLE 3
It can be derived from the performance comparison document that the first step of strengthening is mainly to strengthen the stress depth DOL properly, and the second step of strengthening is to strengthen the CS and DOL quickly to reach the proper steps.
In the two-step strengthening, alkali metal ions with larger ion radius are utilized, so that the loss caused by volatilization is reduced, and larger surface pressure stress and ion exchange depth are brought to the glass substrate, so that the strength and the shock resistance of the glass substrate are obviously improved, and the high-strength chemically strengthened glass is obtained.
Additionally, a heat treatment process of annealing and air cooling is selected to balance the stress in the glass and prevent the glass from being broken by a concentrated external force at a certain position.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "another embodiment," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for strengthening cover glass comprises the following steps:
first step strengthening: cleaning the surface of cover plate glass to be strengthened, then soaking the cover plate glass in ion-exchanged molten salt in a strengthening furnace for 4 to 7 hours at the temperature of 350-380 ℃ to carry out ion exchange, wherein the formula of the molten salt is more than one molten liquid of potassium salt, sodium salt and lithium salt;
and a second step of reinforcement: controlling the temperature of the strengthening furnace at 370-400 ℃, and soaking the cover plate glass after the first-step strengthening into a formula with the mass fraction of 70-100: 0 to 30 potassium salt: and soaking the glass plate in a molten salt solution of lithium salt for 1-3 hours, and then putting the glass plate into a closed container to cool the glass plate to room temperature to obtain the strengthened cover plate glass.
2. The method for strengthening a cover glass according to claim 1, wherein the molten salt is a molten potassium salt in the first step of strengthening, in terms of mass fraction: sodium salt melt 50-75: 25-50 or potassium salt melt: the ratio of the lithium salt melt to the lithium salt melt was 70-90: 10-30.
3. The method for strengthening a cover glass according to claim 2, wherein the potassium salt, sodium salt, lithium salt in the first strengthening and the second strengthening are selected from one or more salts of chloride, nitrate or carbonate.
4. The method as claimed in one of claims 1-4, wherein the stress depth of the strengthened cover glass is 40-65 μm, the surface stress strength is 800-1300MPa, the warpage is less than 0.1mm, and the expansion rate of the outer dimension is less than 2%.
5. A method for strengthening a cover glass according to claim 5, optionally including a third strengthening step, wherein the two-step strengthened cover glass is subjected to a heat treatment comprising: placing the cover glass in an annealing furnace at 500-600 ℃ for 30-200 minutes, taking the cover glass out of the annealing furnace, and quenching by blowing room-temperature air onto the cover glass at a flow rate of 20-40m/s, wherein the quenching is controlled at a cooling speed of 80-120 ℃/s.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112745016A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-05-04 | 安徽立光电子材料股份有限公司 | Pretreatment method before film coating of 0.10mm glass |
| CN112851140A (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2021-05-28 | 昆山国显光电有限公司 | Glass cover plate manufacturing method, glass cover plate and display module |
| CN113060943A (en) * | 2021-03-23 | 2021-07-02 | 蓝思科技（长沙）有限公司 | Ultra-thin glass strengthening method, ultra-thin glass, flexible screen and equipment |
| CN113416002A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-21 | 万津实业(赤壁)有限公司 | Method for improving reinforced size expansion phenomenon of electronic glass and preparation method of reinforced glass |
| CN114105492A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-03-01 | 安徽金龙浩光电科技有限公司 | Chemical strengthening method for glass |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN112745016A (en) * | 2020-12-24 | 2021-05-04 | 安徽立光电子材料股份有限公司 | Pretreatment method before film coating of 0.10mm glass |
| CN114105492A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-03-01 | 安徽金龙浩光电科技有限公司 | Chemical strengthening method for glass |
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| CN113416002A (en) * | 2021-06-23 | 2021-09-21 | 万津实业(赤壁)有限公司 | Method for improving reinforced size expansion phenomenon of electronic glass and preparation method of reinforced glass |
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