CN111874981A - Gold smelting wastewater treatment technology - Google Patents
Gold smelting wastewater treatment technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN111874981A CN111874981A CN202010754533.4A CN202010754533A CN111874981A CN 111874981 A CN111874981 A CN 111874981A CN 202010754533 A CN202010754533 A CN 202010754533A CN 111874981 A CN111874981 A CN 111874981A
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- temperature
- wastewater
- green algae
- carbonized
- gold smelting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/16—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from metallurgical processes, i.e. from the production, refining or treatment of metals, e.g. galvanic wastes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Water, Waste Water Or Sewage (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a gold smelting wastewater treatment technology. Aiming at the problems of high treatment cost and low wastewater reuse rate of acidic wastewater and high-concentration cyanide-containing wastewater generated in the gold smelting process, the invention realizes the purpose of water treatment by constructing a solar water evaporation device, evaporating the smelting wastewater in an interface heating mode, and condensing and collecting steam. The invention takes cheap and easily available green algae as a raw material, and the green algae is formed by crushing, suction filtration and other methods, and is further carbonized to obtain the biomass charcoal material with the porous structure, can efficiently absorb full spectrum sunlight and convert the full spectrum sunlight into heat energy, has excellent solar water evaporation performance, and stably exists in acidic and alkaline environments, so the biomass charcoal material has good application prospect in the field of gold smelting wastewater treatment.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to a comprehensive recovery and wastewater zero discharge process of gold smelting wastewater.
Background
The rapid development of the gold industry and the continuous development and utilization of the resource of the refractory gold ore bring about the rise of resource and energy consumption, and the variety and the total amount of pollutants are correspondingly increased. In the traditional gold refining process, acidic wastewater after copper extraction and cyanide wastewater with high salt content, heavy metal ions (Cu, Pb and Zn) and residual cyanides are generated, and the cyanide wastewater reuse rate is more than or equal to 80% according to the industrial wastewater discharge standard. After the recycled cyanide wastewater enters the cyanidation process again, the residual ions such as Cu, Pb and Zn in the wastewater additionally increase the consumption of sodium cyanide in the cyanidation process, and the production cost is increased; in addition, in the process of recycling the wastewater, the salinity is continuously accumulated, inorganic salt crystallization is easy to occur, so that pipelines/equipment are blocked, scaling and corrosion are serious, and the problems of low recovery rate of valuable metals such as gold, silver, copper and the like, low product quality and the like are caused. The general methods for treating acidic wastewater and cyanide wastewater include chemical precipitation, oxidation-reduction, solvent extraction, membrane separation, sulfuric acid-zinc sulfate, and desorption-absorption, but these methods still have the problems of high cost and low wastewater reuse rate. Therefore, the recycled wastewater is purified to realize the efficient recycling of the wastewater, the production cost of enterprises can be reduced, and great social and economic benefits can be brought.
The interface solar steam generator converts clean and environment-friendly solar energy into heat energy by constructing a high-efficiency photo-thermal conversion material on the surface of the aqueous solution, the heat is gathered at the gas-liquid interface to locally heat water, the heat loss to the water body is effectively reduced, the evaporation efficiency of surface water is improved, and the low-cost operation of water evaporation crystallization can be realized. The method has great research significance for seeking cheap and easily-obtained broadband efficient solar energy absorbing materials, optimizing the structure of the water evaporation device, reducing heat loss, improving the photo-thermal conversion efficiency, realizing the practical application of efficient water evaporation and the like. Algae, as a renewable natural biomass resource, is mostly distributed in fresh water, has wide sources, grows abundantly, generates rich pore structures after being converted into carbon materials, is beyond the reach of artificially synthesized materials, and has huge application prospects in the field of photothermal conversion. Therefore, the process for treating the smelting wastewater by surface water evaporation driven by solar energy and based on the biomass charcoal material is economic and environment-friendly, saves non-renewable resources such as petrochemical fuel and the like, further realizes high-efficiency, low-cost and recyclable wastewater treatment, and has good economic and social benefits.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a design of an interface solar water evaporation device based on a green alga biomass charcoal material, and the device is used for treating gold smelting wastewater. The use of the green algae not only solves the problem of inundation, but also provides sufficient raw material supply for the treatment of the gold smelting wastewater. The carbonized green algae obtained after the green algae is crushed, formed, freeze-dried and carbonized is formed by mutually winding fibrous structures, and the fibers are internally in hollow tubular structures, so that the transmission of water is facilitated, the evaporation rate of the water is further enhanced, the treatment efficiency of gold smelting wastewater is improved, the carbonized green algae has strong chemical stability, can resist the corrosion of acid and alkali, and can improve the recycling performance.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
(1) the design method of the interface solar water evaporation device comprises the following steps:
the green algae is used as a precursor, and the biomass charcoal material with the porous structure is prepared by crushing, suction filtration molding, freeze drying and high-temperature carbonization and is used as a light absorption layer of the interface solar water evaporation device, so that full-spectrum solar energy can be absorbed and converted into heat energy, and water evaporation is further realized.
Preferably, the photothermal conversion material is carbonized green algae.
Preferably, the collected green algae is directly dispersed into the aqueous solution without drying, and is crushed by a mechanical method, and the precursor is obtained after suction filtration molding and freeze drying.
Preferably, the precursor is in N2Under the protection of atmosphere, heating to 400 ℃ and 500 ℃ at the heating rate of 3-10 ℃/min, and carrying out low-temperature carbonization for 1-5 h. Then the temperature is raised to 500 ℃ and 800 ℃ at the temperature raising rate of 3-10 ℃/min, and the temperature is maintained for 1-5h, so as to carry out high-temperature carbonization.
(2) The gold smelting wastewater treatment process comprises the following steps:
the solar water evaporation device is placed in a container containing gold smelting wastewater, the container is placed in a water collection device again, a light source is turned on to carry out a water evaporation experiment, and after evaporation is finished, condensed water is collected.
Detailed Description
The present invention is described in further detail below by way of examples, and it is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Example one
Pulverizing green algae, molding, freeze drying, and carbonizing at low temperature. The precursor is placed in a tube furnace at N2Heating to 500 ℃ at the heating rate of 3 ℃/min under the atmosphere, and preserving the heat for 3 h to obtain the carbonized green algae. Placing the solar water evaporation device in a container containing pure water, and simulating the power density of sunlight to be 1 kW/m2The evaporation rate of water was 1.66 kg · m-2·h-1。
Example two
Pulverizing green algae, molding, freeze drying, and carbonizing at high temperature. The precursor is placed in a tube furnace at N2Heating to 500 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min under the atmosphere, and keeping the temperature for 1 h; then heating to 800 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min and preserving the heat for 1 h to obtain the carbonized green algae. Placing the solar water evaporation device in a container containing pure water, and simulating the power density of sunlight to be 3 kW/m2When the evaporation rate of water is 5.18 kg m-2·h-1。
Example three
Pulverizing green algae, molding, freeze drying, and carbonizing at high temperature. The precursor is placed in a tube furnace at N2Heating to 500 ℃ at the heating rate of 4 ℃/min under the atmosphere, preserving heat for 2 h, heating to 800 ℃ at the heating rate of 3 ℃/min, preserving heat for 2 h, and obtaining the carbonized green algae. The solar water evaporation device is placed in a container containing seawater, and the power density of the simulated sunlight is 1 kW/m2When the evaporation rate of water is 1.48 kg · m-2·h-1. Collecting the evaporated waterAnd detecting the ion concentration of the collected water by an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer. The results show that K is in the collected water+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+The plasma concentration is lower than the national drinking water standard.
Example four
Pulverizing green algae, molding, freeze drying, and carbonizing at high temperature. The precursor is placed in a tube furnace at N2Heating to 500 ℃ at the heating rate of 8 ℃/min under the atmosphere, and keeping the temperature for 2 h; then heating to 800 ℃ at the heating rate of 5 ℃/min and preserving the heat for 3 h to obtain the carbonized green algae. The solar water evaporation device is placed in a container containing seawater, and the power density of the simulated sunlight is 3 kW/m2The evaporation rate of water was 4.56 kg · m-2·h-1. And collecting the evaporated water, and detecting the ion concentration of the collected water by using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer. The results show that K is in the collected water+、Na+、Ca2+、Mg2+The plasma concentration is lower than the national drinking water standard.
Example five
Pulverizing green algae, molding, freeze drying, and carbonizing at low temperature. The precursor is placed in a tube furnace at N2Heating to 450 ℃ at the heating rate of 3 ℃/min under the atmosphere, and preserving the heat for 5h to obtain the carbonized green algae. Placing a solar water evaporation device in a container containing cyanide wastewater, and simulating the power density of sunlight to be 1 kW/m2When the evaporation rate of water is 1.60kg · m-2·h-1. And collecting the evaporated water, detecting the ion concentration of the collected water by using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer, and measuring the pH value of the collected water by using a pH meter. The results show that Pb in the collected water2+、Zn2+、Cu2+、Ca2+、Mg2+And CN-The plasma concentration is lower than the national standard value, and the pH value is close to 7.
Example six
Pulverizing green algae, molding, freeze drying, and carbonizing at low temperature. Will be provided withThe precursor is placed in a tube furnace at N2Heating to 500 ℃ at the heating rate of 10 ℃/min under the atmosphere, and preserving the heat for 3 h to obtain the carbonized green algae. Placing a solar water evaporation device in a container containing acidic wastewater, and simulating the power density of sunlight to be 3 kW/m2The evaporation rate of water was 4.91kg · m-2·h-1. And collecting the evaporated water, detecting the ion concentration of the collected water by using an inductively coupled plasma emission spectrometer, and measuring the pH value of the collected water by using a pH meter. The results show that Pb in the collected water2+、Zn2+、Cu2+、Ca2+And Mg2+The plasma concentration is lower than the national standard value, and the pH value is close to 7.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments, and various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention within the knowledge of those skilled in the art.
Claims (4)
1. A gold smelting wastewater treatment technology is characterized in that a solar water evaporation device and a water collection device are constructed, gold smelting wastewater is evaporated in an interface heating mode, and steam is condensed and collected to achieve the purpose of water treatment.
2. The light-absorbing layer photothermal conversion material of claim 1, wherein the photothermal conversion material is a carbonized green alga obtained by pulverizing, suction molding, freeze drying and carbonization of a green alga as a precursor.
3. The method for obtaining carbonized green algae according to claim 2, comprising the steps of pulverizing, suction filtration molding, freeze drying, and carbonizing, wherein the collected green algae is directly dispersed in an aqueous solution without drying, pulverized by a mechanical method, suction filtration molding, freeze drying, and then carbonized at low temperature and high temperature in a tube furnace: in N2Under the protection of atmosphere, heating to 400-500 ℃ at the heating rate of 3-10 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1-5h to carry out low-temperature carbonMelting; then the temperature is raised to 500 ℃ and 800 ℃ at the temperature raising rate of 3-10 ℃/min, and the temperature is maintained for 1-5h, so as to carry out high-temperature carbonization.
4. The carbonized green alga obtained after cooling to room temperature as claimed in claim 3, wherein the carbonized green alga can efficiently absorb full spectrum sunlight and convert into heat energy, has excellent solar water evaporation performance, exhibits good photo-thermal cycle performance, and is stable in performance under acidic and alkaline environments.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010754533.4A CN111874981A (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Gold smelting wastewater treatment technology |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010754533.4A CN111874981A (en) | 2020-07-31 | 2020-07-31 | Gold smelting wastewater treatment technology |
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| CN111874981A true CN111874981A (en) | 2020-11-03 |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112978826A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-18 | 浙江海洋大学 | Seaweed-based biochar for solar seawater desalination and preparation method thereof |
| CN113307321A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-08-27 | 苏州大学张家港工业技术研究院 | Solar interface evaporator and application thereof |
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| CN101450826A (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2009-06-10 | 王安理 | Cyanogens-containing sewage water multiple-effect vacuum evaporation recovery method and recovery device |
| CN110255526A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-09-20 | 青岛科技大学 | A kind of biomass carbon solar energy water evaporation material and preparation method thereof |
| KR20200032358A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2020-03-26 | 주식회사 에스에프씨 | Efficient complex algae removal system using sunlight, ultrasound, biodegradability and adherent microalgae |
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2020
- 2020-07-31 CN CN202010754533.4A patent/CN111874981A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101450826A (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2009-06-10 | 王安理 | Cyanogens-containing sewage water multiple-effect vacuum evaporation recovery method and recovery device |
| KR20200032358A (en) * | 2018-09-18 | 2020-03-26 | 주식회사 에스에프씨 | Efficient complex algae removal system using sunlight, ultrasound, biodegradability and adherent microalgae |
| CN110255526A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-09-20 | 青岛科技大学 | A kind of biomass carbon solar energy water evaporation material and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112978826A (en) * | 2021-02-05 | 2021-06-18 | 浙江海洋大学 | Seaweed-based biochar for solar seawater desalination and preparation method thereof |
| CN113307321A (en) * | 2021-05-11 | 2021-08-27 | 苏州大学张家港工业技术研究院 | Solar interface evaporator and application thereof |
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Application publication date: 20201103 |