CN111872029A - Comprehensive treatment system and method for hazardous waste - Google Patents
Comprehensive treatment system and method for hazardous waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN111872029A CN111872029A CN202010692819.4A CN202010692819A CN111872029A CN 111872029 A CN111872029 A CN 111872029A CN 202010692819 A CN202010692819 A CN 202010692819A CN 111872029 A CN111872029 A CN 111872029A
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- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 56
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 22
- 108091006146 Channels Proteins 0.000 description 20
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012946 outsourcing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 102000010637 Aquaporins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010063290 Aquaporins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/20—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having rotating or oscillating drums
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a comprehensive treatment system and method for hazardous waste, belonging to the field of hazardous waste treatment. The system comprises a supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system for treating the high-water-content waste, a rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system for treating solid and semi-solid waste and a high-temperature plasma treatment system for treating the waste without and with low calorific value; a hydrogen-rich gas channel is communicated from the supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system to the rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system; a fly ash and residue channel is communicated from the rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system to the high-temperature plasma treatment system; a deacidification wastewater channel is communicated from the rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system to the supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system; a high-temperature flue gas channel is communicated from the high-temperature plasma treatment system to the rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system. Organically combines supercritical water treatment, incineration treatment and high-temperature plasma treatment technologies, and solves the problem that a single technology is difficult to meet the requirements of recycling, reducing and harmless comprehensive treatment of hazardous wastes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of hazardous waste treatment, and relates to a hazardous waste comprehensive treatment system and a hazardous waste comprehensive treatment method.
Background
Technologies commonly used for treating hazardous waste include incineration technology, plasma treatment technology, supercritical water treatment technology, and the like. The above three techniques each have advantages and disadvantages, and they are slightly different in suitability for processing objects. The supercritical water treatment technology is suitable for treating high-water-content waste, particularly organic waste, and when the supercritical water treatment technology is used for treating solid or semi-solid waste with low water content, although the conversion from low water content to high water content can be realized through dilution, the technology is not optimal through economic cost accounting. The types of hazardous wastes which can be treated by the incineration technology are wide and are relatively mature, but when high-water-content or low-calorific-value wastes are treated, the reduction, recycling and harmless treatment are difficult to realize by the incineration technology, and according to the current regulations of the ministry of environmental protection, incineration residues, fly ash and deacidification wastewater still belong to hazardous wastes and need to be safely buried or reprocessed. The plasma high-temperature treatment technology can completely convert the dangerous waste into the highly stable harmless glassy state slag, so that resource utilization is realized, particularly when the dangerous waste without or with low calorific value is treated, the technology has incomparable advantages, but when the dangerous waste with high calorific value or high volatility is treated, a subsequent treatment system which is the same as the incineration technology is needed, and the waste with high water content cannot be treated.
With the increasing amount and variety of hazardous wastes and the stricter and stricter environmental requirements, the single treatment technology for hazardous wastes has been difficult to satisfy the comprehensive treatment requirements of recycling, reducing and harmlessness of hazardous wastes, and when the single technology is adopted, secondary pollution is easily caused if the hazardous wastes are not properly treated.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a system and a method for comprehensive treatment of hazardous waste, which solve the problem that it is difficult to satisfy the comprehensive treatment requirements of recycling, reduction and harmlessness of hazardous waste by using an incineration technique, a plasma treatment technique and a supercritical water treatment technique separately.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a comprehensive treatment system for hazardous waste comprises a supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system for treating high-water-content waste, a rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system for treating solid and semi-solid waste and a high-temperature plasma treatment system for treating waste without and with low calorific value; a hydrogen-rich gas channel is communicated from the supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system to the rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system; a fly ash and residue channel is communicated from the rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system to the high-temperature plasma treatment system; a deacidification wastewater channel is communicated from the rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system to the supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system; a high-temperature flue gas channel is communicated from the high-temperature plasma treatment system to the rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system.
Further, the supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system comprises a high-water-content waste tank bin, a pretreatment device, a high-pressure pump, a supercritical water gasification combined oxidation reaction device and a liquid-solid separation device which are sequentially communicated; the liquid-solid separation device is respectively communicated with a water purification tank pool and a first recycling residue bin.
Further, a return channel is communicated from the water purification tank pool to the high-water-content waste tank bin, and the water purification tank pool is also provided with a drainage channel.
Further, the rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system comprises a solid and semi-solid waste tank bin, a rotary kiln, a secondary combustion chamber, a waste heat boiler and a post-treatment device which are sequentially communicated; the hydrogen-rich gas channel is communicated with the rotary kiln and the secondary combustion chamber from the supercritical water gasification combined oxidation reaction device respectively; the deacidification wastewater channel is communicated with the high-water-content waste tank bin from the post-treatment device.
Further, the post-treatment device is communicated with a discharge chimney.
Further, the high-temperature plasma treatment system comprises a non-calorific-value and low-calorific-value waste tank bin, a high-temperature plasma treatment device and a recycling residue bin II which are sequentially communicated; the fly ash and residue channel is respectively communicated with the high-temperature plasma treatment device from the second combustion chamber, the waste heat boiler and the post-treatment device; the high-temperature flue gas channel is communicated with the second combustion chamber from the high-temperature plasma processing device.
A comprehensive treatment method for hazardous waste comprises the following steps:
and (4) classified storage: dividing the dangerous waste into high-water-content waste, solid and semi-solid waste and waste without calorific value and with low calorific value for storage;
supercritical water treatment: treating the high-water-content waste through a supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system to obtain purified water and resource residues, and simultaneously generating hydrogen-rich gas;
incineration treatment: solid and semi-solid wastes are treated by a rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system, and meanwhile, hydrogen-rich gas generated in the supercritical water treatment process is received and utilized as fuel, so that the generation of nitrogen oxides is reduced, and further, standard-reaching emission flue gas is obtained, meanwhile, the generated fly ash and residues are introduced into a high-temperature plasma treatment system for treatment, and the generated deacidification wastewater is introduced into a supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system for pretreatment, tempering and organic matters in the deacidification wastewater are decomposed;
plasma treatment: the high-temperature plasma treatment system is used for treating the waste without calorific value and with low calorific value, receiving fly ash and residues generated in incineration treatment, obtaining resource residues, and introducing the generated high-temperature flue gas into the rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system.
Further, in the supercritical water treatment step, after the high-water-content waste is sequentially pretreated and pressurized, the high-water-content waste is introduced into a supercritical water gasification combined oxidation reaction device to react, hydrogen-rich gas is obtained through reaction, and liquid-solid substances generated through the reaction are subjected to liquid-solid separation to respectively obtain purified water and resource residues.
Further, the purified water obtained in the supercritical water treatment step is divided into two parts: one part of the recycled purified water is returned to the supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system to realize water recycling; the other part is discharged as discharge clean water.
Further, in the incineration treatment step, solid and semi-solid wastes enter a rotary kiln for primary combustion, then enter a secondary combustion chamber for secondary combustion, high-temperature flue gas generated after combustion enters a waste heat boiler for heat energy recovery, a product obtained after heat energy recovery enters an after-treatment device for treatment, the generated deacidification wastewater is introduced into a supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system, fly ash and residues are introduced into a high-temperature plasma treatment system, and the flue gas reaching the standard is discharged; the hydrogen-rich fuel gas produced in the supercritical water treatment process is divided into two parts: one part is introduced into the rotary kiln, and the other part is introduced into a secondary combustion chamber.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) according to the invention, the supercritical water gasification combined oxidation treatment technology, the rotary kiln high-temperature incineration technology and the high-temperature plasma treatment technology are organically combined, so that the reduction, harmless and recycling treatment of hazardous wastes is realized, and finally zero emission is realized. And the comprehensive property, adaptability and economical efficiency of treating the dangerous waste are improved.
(2) According to the invention, the hydrogen-rich fuel gas generated by supercritical water treatment and the high-temperature flue gas generated by plasma treatment are applied to incineration treatment, so that the energy utilization rate is improved, and the demand of outsourcing energy sources is reduced. Through the hydrogen-rich gas that uses supercritical water to handle production in incineration disposal, reduce the holistic hydrocarbon proportion of gas, and then reduced nitrogen oxide's production, reinforcing energy-conservation nature, economic nature and feature of environmental protection.
(3) According to the invention, deacidification wastewater generated by incineration treatment is introduced into the supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system, so that not only is the pretreatment conditioning performed on the supercritical water gasification combined oxidation treatment system, but also organic matters in the deacidification wastewater are thoroughly treated by using the supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system, a harmless treatment effect is achieved, and secondary pollution is avoided. The harmless and resource treatment of the residue and the fly ash generated in the incineration treatment is realized through a high-temperature plasma treatment system, and the secondary pollution is finally avoided.
(4) According to the invention, the high-temperature flue gas of the high-temperature plasma treatment system is used in the rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system, so that the subsequent equipment of the high-temperature plasma treatment system is reduced, the system is simplified, and the equipment is more compact.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and combinations particularly pointed out hereinafter.
Drawings
For the purposes of promoting a better understanding of the objects, aspects and advantages of the invention, reference will now be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the layout of a hazardous waste comprehensive treatment system according to the present invention.
Reference numerals: the system comprises a high-water-content waste tank bin 1, a pretreatment device 2, a high-pressure pump 3, a supercritical water gasification combined oxidation reaction device 4, liquid-solid substances 5, hydrogen-rich gas 6, purified water 7, resource residues 8, a liquid-solid separation device 9, a water purification tank 10, a resource residue bin I11, a solid and semisolid waste tank bin 12, a rotary kiln 13, a secondary combustion chamber 14, a waste heat boiler 15, a fuel recovery heat energy post-product 16, a post-treatment device 17, waste heat boiler residues 18, fly ash and residues 19, a discharge chimney 20, a non-calorific-value and low-calorific-value waste tank bin 21, a high-temperature plasma treatment device 22, secondary combustion chamber residues 23, a resource residue bin II 24, plasma resource residues 25, deacidification wastewater 26, discharge purified water 27 and reuse purified water 28.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to specific embodiments, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be easily understood by those skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present specification. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention in a schematic way, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.
Wherein the showings are for the purpose of illustrating the invention only and not for the purpose of limiting the same, and in which there is shown by way of illustration only and not in the drawings in which there is no intention to limit the invention thereto; to better illustrate the embodiments of the present invention, some parts of the drawings may be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of an actual product; it will be understood by those skilled in the art that certain well-known structures in the drawings and descriptions thereof may be omitted.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but it is not an indication or suggestion that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention, and the specific meaning of the terms may be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1, a comprehensive treatment system for hazardous waste includes a supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system for treating high water content waste, a rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system for treating solid and semi-solid waste, and a high-temperature plasma treatment system for treating waste with no calorific value and low calorific value.
Specifically, the supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system comprises a high-water-content waste tank bin 1, a pretreatment device 2, a high-pressure pump 3, a supercritical water gasification combined oxidation reaction device 4 and a liquid-solid separation device 9 which are sequentially communicated; the liquid-solid separation device 9 is respectively communicated with a water purification tank 10 and a first recycling residue bin 11. A return channel is communicated from the water purification tank 10 to the high-water-content waste tank bin 1, and the water purification tank 10 is also provided with a drainage channel.
The rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system comprises a solid and semi-solid waste tank bin 12, a rotary kiln 13, a secondary combustion chamber 14, a waste heat boiler 15 and a post-treatment device 17 which are sequentially communicated, wherein the post-treatment device 17 is communicated with a discharge chimney 20; the self-supercritical water gasification combined oxidation reaction device 4 is respectively communicated with a rotary kiln 13 and a secondary combustion chamber 14 to form a hydrogen-rich gas channel; a deacidification wastewater channel is communicated with the high-water-content waste tank bin 1 from the post-treatment device 17.
The high-temperature plasma treatment system comprises a non-calorific-value and low-calorific-value waste tank bin 21, a high-temperature plasma treatment device 22 and a second recycling residue bin 24 which are sequentially communicated; the second combustion chamber 14, the waste heat boiler 15 and the post-treatment device 17 are respectively communicated with the high-temperature plasma treatment device 22 to form a fly ash and residue channel; a high-temperature flue gas channel is communicated with the second combustion chamber 14 from the high-temperature plasma processing device 22.
The embodiment also provides a comprehensive treatment method of hazardous waste, which comprises the following steps:
and (4) classified storage: dividing the dangerous waste into high-water-content waste, solid and semi-solid waste and non-calorific-value and low-calorific-value waste, and storing the waste in corresponding tank bins;
supercritical water treatment: high-water-content waste in a high-water-content waste tank bin 1 is pretreated by a pretreatment device 2, the high-water-content waste is boosted by a high-pressure pump 3 and then is introduced into a supercritical water gasification combined oxidation reaction device 4 for reaction, hydrogen-rich gas 6 generated by the reaction enters a rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system for use, liquid-solid substances 5 generated by the reaction are subjected to liquid-solid separation by a liquid-solid separation device 9, resource residues 8 are obtained from a resource residue bin I11 for subsequent resource utilization, purified water 7 is obtained from a water purification tank 10, one part of the purified water is used as recycled purified water 28 and is returned to the high-water-content waste tank bin 1 through a return channel, water recycling is realized, and the other part of the purified water is discharged through a drainage channel as discharged;
incineration treatment: solid and semi-solid waste in a solid and semi-solid waste tank bin 12 is pretreated and then is introduced into a rotary kiln 13 for primary combustion, then is introduced into a secondary combustion chamber 14 for secondary combustion, high-temperature flue gas generated after combustion enters a waste heat boiler 15 for heat energy recovery, a product 16 after heat energy recovery enters an after-treatment device 17 for treatment, wherein the generated deacidification wastewater 26 enters a high-water-content waste tank bin 1 through a deacidification wastewater channel, the deacidification wastewater is not only used for pretreatment tempering of a supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system, but also is used for decomposing organic matters in the deacidification wastewater 26, and the discharged standard-reaching flue gas is discharged through a discharge chimney 20; the hydrogen-rich gas 6 generated by the supercritical water gasification combined oxidation reaction device 4 is divided into two parts: one part is introduced into the rotary kiln 13 and the other part is introduced into the secondary combustion chamber 14.
Plasma treatment: introducing the waste without calorific value and with calorific value in a waste tank bin 21 without calorific value and with calorific value into a high-temperature plasma treatment device 22 for treatment, and introducing the residue 23 of the secondary combustion chamber 14, the residue 18 of the waste heat boiler 15 and the fly ash and the residue 19 generated by a post-treatment device 17 into the high-temperature plasma treatment device 22 through fly ash and residue channels for treatment respectively, and obtaining plasma resource residues 25 in a resource residue bin two 24 for subsequent resource utilization; the high-temperature flue gas generated by the high-temperature plasma processing device 22 enters the secondary combustion chamber 14 through the high-temperature flue gas channel for combustion and utilization.
By organically combining a supercritical water gasification combined oxidation treatment technology, a rotary kiln high-temperature incineration technology and a high-temperature plasma treatment technology, the reduction, harmless and recycling treatment of hazardous wastes is realized, and finally zero emission is realized. And the comprehensive property, adaptability and economical efficiency of treating the dangerous waste are improved.
Through the hydrogen-rich gas 6 that produces supercritical water treatment to and the high temperature flue gas that plasma treatment produced are applied to among the incineration disposal, improve energy utilization, reduce the demand of outsourcing the energy. Through the hydrogen-rich gas 6 that uses supercritical water to handle the production in incineration disposal, reduce the holistic hydrocarbon proportion of gas, and then reduced nitrogen oxide's production, reinforcing energy-conservation nature, economic nature and feature of environmental protection.
Through leading into supercritical water gasification allies oneself with oxidation system with deacidification waste water 26 that incineration disposal produced, not only carry out the preliminary treatment quenching and tempering to supercritical water gasification allies oneself with oxidation treatment system, utilize supercritical water gasification allies oneself with oxidation system to carry out thorough processing with the organic matter in the deacidification waste water 26 simultaneously, reach innocent treatment effect, avoid producing secondary pollution. The harmless and resource treatment of the residue and the fly ash generated in the incineration treatment is realized through a high-temperature plasma treatment system, and the secondary pollution is finally avoided.
The high-temperature flue gas of the high-temperature plasma treatment system is used in the high-temperature incineration system of the rotary kiln, so that the follow-up equipment of the high-temperature plasma treatment system is reduced, the system is simplified, and the equipment is more compact.
Finally, the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all of them should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A hazardous waste comprehensive treatment system is characterized in that: the system comprises a supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system for treating high-water-content waste, a rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system for treating solid and semi-solid waste and a high-temperature plasma treatment system for treating waste without and with low calorific values; a hydrogen-rich gas channel is communicated from the supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system to the rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system; a fly ash and residue channel is communicated from the rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system to the high-temperature plasma treatment system; a deacidification wastewater channel is communicated from the rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system to the supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system; a high-temperature flue gas channel is communicated from the high-temperature plasma treatment system to the rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system.
2. The hazardous waste integrated processing system of claim 1, wherein: the supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system comprises a high-water-content waste tank bin, a pretreatment device, a high-pressure pump, a supercritical water gasification combined oxidation reaction device and a liquid-solid separation device which are sequentially communicated; the liquid-solid separation device is respectively communicated with a water purification tank pool and a first recycling residue bin.
3. The hazardous waste integrated processing system of claim 2, wherein: a return channel is communicated from the water purification tank pool to the high-water-content waste tank bin, and a drainage channel is further arranged in the water purification tank pool.
4. The hazardous waste integrated processing system of claim 2, wherein: the rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system comprises a solid and semi-solid waste tank bin, a rotary kiln, a secondary combustion chamber, a waste heat boiler and a post-treatment device which are sequentially communicated; the hydrogen-rich gas channel is communicated with the rotary kiln and the secondary combustion chamber from the supercritical water gasification combined oxidation reaction device respectively; the deacidification wastewater channel is communicated with the high-water-content waste tank bin from the post-treatment device.
5. The hazardous waste integrated processing system of claim 4, wherein: the post-treatment device is communicated with a discharge chimney.
6. The hazardous waste integrated processing system of claim 4, wherein: the high-temperature plasma treatment system comprises a non-calorific-value and low-calorific-value waste tank bin, a high-temperature plasma treatment device and a recycling residue bin II which are sequentially communicated; the fly ash and residue channel is respectively communicated with the high-temperature plasma treatment device from the second combustion chamber, the waste heat boiler and the post-treatment device; and the high-temperature flue gas channel is communicated with the second combustion chamber from the high-temperature plasma treatment device.
7. A comprehensive treatment method for hazardous waste is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
and (4) classified storage: dividing the dangerous waste into high-water-content waste, solid and semi-solid waste and waste without calorific value and with low calorific value for storage;
supercritical water treatment: treating the high-water-content waste through a supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system to obtain purified water and resource residues, and simultaneously generating hydrogen-rich gas;
incineration treatment: solid and semi-solid wastes are treated by a rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system, and meanwhile, hydrogen-rich gas generated in the supercritical water treatment process is received and utilized as fuel, so that the generation of nitrogen oxides is reduced, and further, standard-reaching emission flue gas is obtained, meanwhile, the generated fly ash and residues are introduced into a high-temperature plasma treatment system for treatment, and the generated deacidification wastewater is introduced into a supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system for pretreatment, tempering and organic matters in the deacidification wastewater are decomposed;
plasma treatment: the high-temperature plasma treatment system is used for treating the waste without calorific value and with low calorific value, receiving fly ash and residues generated in incineration treatment, obtaining resource residues, and introducing the generated high-temperature flue gas into the rotary kiln high-temperature incineration system.
8. The method for comprehensively treating hazardous waste according to claim 7, wherein: in the supercritical water treatment step, after high-water-content waste is sequentially pretreated and pressurized, the high-water-content waste is introduced into a supercritical water gasification combined oxidation reaction device to react, hydrogen-rich gas is obtained through reaction, and liquid-solid substances generated through the reaction are subjected to liquid-solid separation to respectively obtain purified water and resource residues.
9. The method for comprehensively treating hazardous waste according to claim 7, wherein: the purified water obtained in the supercritical water treatment step is divided into two parts: one part of the recycled purified water is returned to the supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system to realize water recycling; the other part is discharged as discharge clean water.
10. The method for comprehensively treating hazardous waste according to claim 7, wherein: in the incineration treatment step, solid and semi-solid wastes enter a rotary kiln for primary combustion and then enter a secondary combustion chamber for secondary combustion, high-temperature flue gas generated after combustion enters a waste heat boiler for heat energy recovery, products after heat energy recovery enter an after-treatment device for treatment, the generated deacidification wastewater is introduced into a supercritical water gasification combined oxidation system, fly ash and residues are introduced into a high-temperature plasma treatment system, and the flue gas reaching the standard is discharged and discharged; the hydrogen-rich fuel gas produced in the supercritical water treatment process is divided into two parts: one part is introduced into the rotary kiln, and the other part is introduced into a secondary combustion chamber.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023180614A1 (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2023-09-28 | Universidad De Cádiz | High-pressure, high-temperature integrated system for supercritical water oxidation and gasification of organic waste and production of hydrogen-rich gases |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2023180614A1 (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2023-09-28 | Universidad De Cádiz | High-pressure, high-temperature integrated system for supercritical water oxidation and gasification of organic waste and production of hydrogen-rich gases |
| ES2952597A1 (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2023-11-02 | Univ Cadiz | INTEGRATED HIGH PRESSURE AND TEMPERATURE SYSTEM FOR OXIDATION AND GASIFICATION IN SUPERCRITICAL WATER OF ORGANIC WASTE AND OBTAINING GASES RICH IN HYDROGEN (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
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