CN111871989B - Water sample pretreatment system - Google Patents
Water sample pretreatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111871989B CN111871989B CN202010548239.8A CN202010548239A CN111871989B CN 111871989 B CN111871989 B CN 111871989B CN 202010548239 A CN202010548239 A CN 202010548239A CN 111871989 B CN111871989 B CN 111871989B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/08—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks
- B08B9/093—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks by the force of jets or sprays
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/08—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks
- B08B9/093—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks by the force of jets or sprays
- B08B9/0936—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks by the force of jets or sprays using rotating jets
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4077—Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/18—Water
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/38—Diluting, dispersing or mixing samples
- G01N2001/386—Other diluting or mixing processes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4077—Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids
- G01N2001/4083—Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids sedimentation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/40—Concentrating samples
- G01N1/4077—Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids
- G01N2001/4088—Concentrating samples by other techniques involving separation of suspended solids filtration
Abstract
The invention discloses a water sample pretreatment system, which comprises a water tank, a system drainage device communicated with the water tank, a back flushing device and a control device. The system drainage device comprises a drainage collecting port and a first drainage pipe, wherein two ends of the first drainage pipe are respectively communicated with the bottom of the inner cavity of the water tank and the drainage collecting port. The back flushing device is connected with the control device and communicated with the first sample discharging pipe to blow back high-pressure air to the bottom of the water tank through the first sample discharging pipe so as to blow away the sediment deposited and hardened at the bottom of the water tank. Specifically, the first switching valve is an electromagnetic valve, and the first regulating valve is a flow valve. When the water sample pretreatment system works, the control device controls the reverse flushing device to start, the reverse flushing device reversely flushes high-pressure compressed air to the bottom of the water tank through the first sample discharge pipe, and then blows away sediment deposited and hardened at the bottom of the water tank, and further the problem that the sediment hardened and hardened can not be drained when the sediment amount is large is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of water pollution monitoring and hydrological observation, in particular to a water sample pretreatment system.
Background
In recent years, the government has increased the degree of ecological environment protection measures, the strictest ecological environment protection system and the strictest ecological environment protection responsibility system are implemented, in order to further promote the water pollution prevention and treatment work, standardize the urban surface water environment quality ranking and information distribution and strengthen the public supervision, the ecological environment department has issued the technical specification (trial implementation) of urban surface water environment quality ranking according to the comprehensive, objective, fair and standardized principles, so that the water quality automatic station participating in ranking is required, and the monitoring data of the station has good consistency and transverse comparability.
Turbidity, that is, the degree of obstruction of particles in water to light penetration, has an important influence on the accuracy of the measurement result of a photometric water quality analyzer, and conventional water quality analyzers mostly adopt the photometric measurement principle. In order to reduce the influence of turbidity to water sample detection, at present, the water station all is equipped with pretreatment systems, mainly removes aquatic particulate matter through modes such as subsiding, filtering, dispelling. Standing and settling are the preferred pretreatment mode because the representativeness of the water sample can be ensured to the maximum extent. How to ensure comparability of monitoring data of water stations all over the country must first solve the problem of consistency of water sample pretreatment conditions of each station. In general, the main factors influencing the sedimentation pretreatment effect include sedimentation time, sedimentation mode, water intake depth and the like. However, the integration manufacturers of water stations in China are different, the design concepts and pretreatment processes of the manufacturers are greatly different, and the problems that the sedimentation water tanks (10) are different in shape and structure and different in sampling depth and the pretreatment conditions are inconsistent are particularly reflected, so that the transverse comparability of monitoring data of each station is fundamentally influenced, and meanwhile, the objectivity and the fairness of the urban surface water environment quality ranking are also adversely influenced.
A common water sample pretreatment mode of an existing automatic water quality monitoring station (hereinafter referred to as a water station) is standing and sedimentation, and all stations stand uniformly for 30min no matter the turbidity of a water sample and then start an instrument for testing. Different station water sample turbidity probably has great difference, and the unified standing subsides after 30min, the turbidity of supernatant is also different, and the difference of test result can be brought for some instruments to the turbidity difference of supernatant layer, but the preprocessing mode of current water station can't guarantee that each station monitoring data obtains under same turbidity condition, and this has just caused the problem such as monitoring data condition uniformity is poor, comparability weak between the station.
In addition, after the water sample is precipitated for a long time, a large amount of sediments are attached to the bottom and the inner peripheral wall of the water tank, and the water tank is large in size and heavy in weight, and particularly the sediment precipitation amount of the bottom of the water tank is large, so that the water tank is difficult to clean and sediment is difficult to remove sand, and the normal use of the water tank is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a water sample pretreatment system, which aims to solve the technical problem that sediment hardening in the existing water tank cannot be used for sample discharge.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a water sample pretreatment system comprises a water tank, a system drainage device communicated with the water tank, a back flushing device and a control device; the system drainage device comprises a drainage collecting port and a first drainage sample pipe, wherein two ends of the first drainage sample pipe are respectively communicated with the bottom of the inner cavity of the water tank and a drainage collecting port pool; the back flushing device is connected with the control device and communicated with the first sample discharging pipe to blow back high-pressure air to the bottom of the water tank through the first sample discharging pipe so as to blow away the sediment deposited and hardened at the bottom of the water tank.
Further, the back flushing device comprises an air washing pipe communicated with the first sample discharge pipe, and the input end of the air washing pipe is communicated with a compressed air supplier for supplying high-pressure compressed air; the pipeline of the air washing pipe is provided with a first switch valve for controlling the conduction or the partition of the air washing pipe and a first regulating valve for regulating the flow of the air washing pipe, and the compressed air feeder, the first switch valve and the first regulating valve are respectively connected with the control device.
Furthermore, the water sample pretreatment system also comprises a cleaning device, wherein the cleaning device comprises a cleaning water supplier for supplying cleaning water, and the cleaning water supplier is connected with a water supply main pipe and a first water supply branch pipe communicated with the water supply main pipe; the output end of the first water supply branch pipe extends into the water tank, a second switch valve for controlling the conduction or the partition of the first water supply branch pipe is arranged in a pipeline of the first water supply branch pipe, and the second switch valve is connected with the control device; the output end of the first water supply branch pipe is communicated with a self-rotating spray head which automatically rotates under the action of cleaning water pressure, and the self-rotating spray head is communicated with a plurality of nozzles.
Furthermore, the water tank is also communicated with an active water supply device, the active water supply device comprises a source water input pipe, the input end of the source water input pipe is a source water taking point, and the output end of the source water input pipe is communicated to the inside of the water tank; the pipeline of the source water input pipe is provided with a first pump transmitter for pumping source water, a third switch valve for controlling the conduction or the partition of the source water input pipe and a second regulating valve for regulating the flow of the source water input pipe, and the first pump transmitter, the third switch valve and the second regulating valve are respectively connected with the control device.
Further, the output end of the source water input pipe horizontally extends into the cylindrical water tank along the tangential direction of the water tank to form a vortex.
The water tank is further communicated with a water distribution device, the water distribution device is used for distributing supernatant formed after standing and settling of source water in the water tank into a detection instrument, and the detection instrument is used for detecting and analyzing a water sample; the water distribution device comprises a water taking head which is arranged in the water tank and used for absorbing supernatant, the output end of the water taking head is connected with a water taking hose, the output end of the water taking hose is connected with a water distribution pipe, and the output end of the water distribution pipe extends out of the water tank and then is connected with a detection instrument so as to distribute the supernatant into the detection instrument; the water distribution pipe is provided with a second pump transmitter for pumping supernatant fluid, a first filter for filtering the supernatant fluid, a fourth switch valve for controlling the conduction or the partition of the water distribution pipe, a third regulating valve for regulating the flow of the water distribution pipe, a water sample cup for temporarily storing the supernatant fluid, and a reversing valve which is positioned at the downstream of the water sample cup and is used for controlling the conduction or the partition of a pipeline between the water sample cup and a detection instrument, wherein the second pump transmitter, the first filter, the fourth switch valve, the third regulating valve and the reversing valve are respectively connected with the control device.
Furthermore, a turbidity detector for detecting the turbidity of the source water or the turbidity of the supernatant in real time is arranged in the water tank, and the turbidity detector is connected with the control device; the turbidity detector is used for sending the detected turbidity value of the source water or the turbidity value of the supernatant to the control device, and the control device is used for controlling the water distribution device to be started after first preset settling time so as to distribute the supernatant into the detection instrument when the received turbidity value of the source water is equal to or smaller than a primary threshold value preset by the system; the control device is also used for controlling the water distribution device to be started after second preset settling time so as to distribute the supernatant into the detection instrument when the turbidity value of the received source water is greater than a primary threshold value and less than a secondary threshold value preset by the system; the control device is also used for controlling the water distribution device to be started when the turbidity value of the supernatant is equal to or less than the primary threshold value preset by the system within third preset settling time when the turbidity value of the received source water is greater than the primary threshold value preset by the system, so that the supernatant is distributed into the detection instrument; the water distribution device is communicated with a secondary treatment device, the secondary treatment device is used for pretreating the supernatant delivered by the water distribution device, the secondary treatment device is connected with the control device, and the control device is also used for controlling the secondary treatment device to be started when the turbidity value of the received source water is equal to or greater than a secondary threshold value preset by the system or the turbidity value of the supernatant is still greater than a primary threshold value preset by the system after a third preset settling time, so as to pretreat the supernatant delivered by the water distribution device.
Further, a turbidity detector is connected to the water intake head to detect a source water turbidity value of the source water at the water intake head or a supernatant turbidity value of the supernatant; the water distribution device further comprises a lifting adjusting member for adjusting the height of the water intake head, and the lifting adjusting member comprises: the lifting device comprises a lifting driver connected to the outer surface of an upper cover of the water tank, a wire conveying rod vertically arranged in the water tank, and a guide shaft rod vertically arranged on the inner side wall of the water tank and used for guiding the up-and-down movement of a water taking head, wherein the upper end of the wire conveying rod is fixedly connected with the driving end of the lifting driver; the water taking head is respectively arranged on the outer circles of the wire guide rod and the guide shaft rod in a penetrating mode, and the water taking head is in threaded connection with the outer circle of the wire guide rod.
Furthermore, the secondary treatment device comprises a water conduit for guiding and taking supernatant, the input end of the water conduit is communicated with the water sample cup, and the output end of the water conduit is communicated with the reversing valve; a second filter for carrying out secondary filtration on the supernatant and a fixed-volume bottle for temporarily containing the filtered supernatant are arranged in the pipeline of the water conduit, and the second filter is connected with the control device; the constant volume bottle is communicated with a suction pipe, the suction end of the suction pipe is connected with a suction pump which is used for generating negative pressure in the water diversion pipe to suck supernatant, and the suction pump is connected with the control device.
Furthermore, the cleaning device also comprises a second water supply branch pipe and a third water supply branch pipe which are respectively communicated with the water supply main pipe; a fourth regulating valve for regulating the flow of the water supply main pipe is arranged in the pipeline of the water supply main pipe; the output end of the second water supply branch pipe is communicated with the source water input pipe, and a ninth switch valve for connecting or disconnecting the second water supply branch pipe is arranged in a pipeline of the second water supply branch pipe; the output end of the third water supply branch pipe is communicated with the water distribution pipe, and a tenth switch valve for connecting or disconnecting the third water supply branch pipe is arranged in a pipeline of the third water supply branch pipe; the cleaning water supplier, the fourth regulating valve, the ninth switch valve and the tenth switch valve are respectively connected with the control device.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
when the water sample pretreatment system works, the control device controls the reverse flushing device to start, the reverse flushing device reversely flushes high-pressure compressed air to the bottom of the water tank through the first sample discharge pipe, and further blows and blows away hardened sediment deposited at the bottom of the water tank, so that the problem that the hardened sediment cannot be drained when the sediment amount is large is solved, and the blown away sediment can be discharged outwards into the drainage collecting port through the first sample discharge pipe.
In addition to the objects, features and advantages described above, other objects, features and advantages of the present invention are also provided. The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the spatial structure of a water sample pretreatment system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the water circuit of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the time-conditioned sedimentation of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the sedimentation process of FIG. 1 conditioned on turbidity threshold values;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the spatial structure of the first filter of FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a sectional front view structural diagram of fig. 5.
Description of the figures
10. A water tank; 20. a source water supply device; 21. a source water input pipe; 22. a first pump feeder; 23. a third on-off valve; 24. a second regulating valve; 25. a shunt tube; 26. a fifth regulating valve; 30. a water distribution device; 31. a water intake head; 32. a water intake hose; 33. a water distribution pipe; 34. a second pump feeder; 35. a first filter; 351. a filter box; 3511. a liquid inlet; 3512. a liquid outlet; 3513. a liquid discharge port; 3514. a filtration front chamber; 3515. a rear filtering cavity; 352. a filter mesh sheet; 353. an ultrasonic vibrator; 36. a fourth switching valve; 37. a third regulating valve; 38. a water sample cup; 39. a diverter valve; 41. a lift adjustment member; 411. a lift drive; 412. a wire feeding rod; 413. a guide shaft lever; 50. detecting an instrument; 60. a turbidity detector; 70. a secondary treatment device; 71. a water conduit; 72. a second filter; 73. a fixed volume bottle; 74. a suction tube; 75. a suction pump; 80. a system drain; 81. a first overflow pipe; 82. a first sample discharge pipe; 83. a second sample discharge pipe; 84. a third sample discharge pipe; 85. a second overflow tube; 86. a fourth sample discharge pipe; 87. a fifth on-off valve; 88. a sixth switching valve; 89. a seventh on-off valve; 91. an eighth on-off valve; 110. a cleaning device; 111. a water main; 112. a second water supply branch pipe; 113. a third water supply branch pipe; 114. a fourth regulating valve; 115. a ninth on-off valve; 116. a tenth switching valve; 117. a first water supply branch pipe; 118. a second on-off valve; 119. a self-rotating nozzle; 120. a nozzle; 130. a back flushing device; 131. a gas washing pipe; 132. a first on-off valve; 133. a first regulator valve.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the invention can be embodied in many different forms, which are defined and covered by the following description.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a water sample pretreatment system, which includes a water tank 10, a system drain 80 communicated with the water tank 10, a back flushing device 130, and a control device. The system drainage device 80 includes a drainage collection port and a first drainage tube 82, wherein two ends of the first drainage tube 82 are respectively communicated with the bottom of the inner cavity of the water tank 10 and the drainage collection port. The back flushing device 130 is connected with the control device, and the back flushing device 130 is communicated with the first sample discharge pipe 82 so as to back flush high-pressure air to the bottom of the water tank 10 through the first sample discharge pipe 82 to blow away the sediment hardened at the bottom of the water tank 10. Specifically, the first switching valve 132 is a solenoid valve, and the first regulating valve 133 is a flow valve.
When the water sample pretreatment system works, the control device controls the reverse flushing device 130 to be started, the reverse flushing device 130 reversely blows high-pressure compressed air to the bottom of the water tank 10 through the first sample discharge pipe 82, and further blows and blows away hardened sediment deposited at the bottom of the water tank, so that the problem that samples cannot be discharged due to hardened sediment when the amount of sediment is large is solved, and the blown away sediment can be discharged outwards into the drainage collecting port through the first sample discharge pipe 82.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, the back flushing device 130 includes an air purge pipe 131 communicated with the first sampling pipe 82, and an input end of the air purge pipe 131 is communicated with a compressed air supplier (not shown) for supplying high-pressure compressed air. The pipeline of the scrubber pipe 131 is provided with a first on-off valve 132 for controlling the on-off of the scrubber pipe 131 and a first adjusting valve 133 for adjusting the flow rate of the scrubber pipe 131, and the compressed air supply device, the first on-off valve 132 and the first adjusting valve 133 are respectively connected to the control device.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the water sample pretreatment system further includes a washing device 110, and the washing device 110 includes a washing water supplier (not shown) for supplying washing water, and the washing water supplier is connected with a water supply main 111 and a first water supply branch 117 communicating with the water supply main 111. The output end of the first water supply branch pipe 117 extends into the water tank 10, a second switch valve 118 for controlling the conduction or the interruption of the first water supply branch pipe 117 is arranged in the pipeline of the first water supply branch pipe 117, and the second switch valve 118 is connected with the control device. The output end of the first water supply branch pipe 117 is communicated with a self-rotating spray head 119 which automatically rotates under the action of cleaning water pressure, and the self-rotating spray head 119 is communicated with a plurality of nozzles 120.
Preferably, the bottom of the water tank 10 is provided with a conical shape, and the large-angle conical bottom structure of the water tank is beneficial to discharging bottom sediments. Before the water tank 10 arranges the sample, high-pressure compressed air is injected into the water tank 10 through the bottom air washing pipe 131, the hardened sediment at the conical bottom of the water tank can be driven, and the problem that the hardened sediment cannot be arranged when the sediment amount is large is solved. The self-rotating spray head 119 is a trident rotary spray head driven by water power, and can rotate automatically after tap water is introduced under pressure, rotation speed adjustment can be realized by adjusting the inclination angle of the spray nozzle 120, the rotationally dispersed spray water column can realize that the inner wall of the water tank is cleaned without dead angles, and compressed air blown into the bottom of the water tank is matched, so that the settling water tank has a good self-cleaning effect.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the water tank 10 is further communicated with an active water supply device 20, the active water supply device 20 includes an active water input pipe 21, an input end of the active water input pipe 21 is a source water taking point, and an output end of the active water input pipe 21 is communicated to the inside of the water tank 10. The pipeline of the source water input pipe 21 is provided with a first pump 22 for pumping source water, a third switch valve 23 for controlling the conduction or the partition of the source water input pipe 21, and a second regulating valve 24 for regulating the flow of the source water input pipe 21, and the first pump 22, the third switch valve 23 and the second regulating valve 24 are respectively connected with a control device.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the output end of the source water input pipe 21 horizontally extends into the water tank 10 along the tangential direction of the cylindrical water tank 10, the source water is tangentially fed to form a vortex, so that the particles contained in the source water gather to the center of the water tank 10 under the action of centripetal force, and impurities are not easily attached to the inner wall of the water tank 10. Further, as shown in fig. 2, the source water supply device 20 further includes a shunt pipe 25 and a fifth regulating valve 26, an input end of the shunt pipe 25 is communicated with the source water input pipe 21, an output end of the shunt pipe 25 is communicated with the system drainage device, the fifth regulating valve 26 is disposed in a pipeline of the shunt pipe 25 for controlling a flow rate of the shunt pipe 25, and the fifth regulating valve 26 is connected with the control device, and the shunt pipe 25 is used for shunting the source water input pipe 21. Specifically, the first pump feeder 22 is a water pump, the third on/off valve 23 is an electric valve, the second regulating valve 24 is a flow valve, and the fifth regulating valve 26 is a flow valve.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the water tank 10 is further communicated with a water distribution device 30, the water distribution device 30 is configured to distribute a supernatant formed after the source water is settled in the water tank 10 into the detection instrument 50, and the detection instrument 50 is configured to perform detection and analysis on the water sample. The water distribution device 30 includes a water intake head 31 disposed in the water tank 10 for sucking the supernatant, an output end of the water intake head 31 is connected with a water intake hose 32, an output end of the water intake hose 32 is connected with a water distribution pipe 33, and an output end of the water distribution pipe 33 extends out of the water tank 10 and then is connected with a detection instrument 50 for distributing the supernatant into the detection instrument 50. The extended section of the water distribution pipe 33 extending out of the water tank 10 is provided with a second pump 34 for pumping supernatant, a first filter 35 for filtering the supernatant, a fourth switch valve 36 for controlling the conduction or the interruption of the water distribution pipe 33, a third regulating valve 37 for regulating the flow of the water distribution pipe 33, a water sample cup 38 for temporarily storing the supernatant, and a reversing valve 39 located at the downstream of the water sample cup 38 for controlling the conduction or the interruption of a pipeline between the water sample cup 38 and the detection instrument 50, wherein the second pump 34, the first filter 35, the fourth switch valve 36, the third regulating valve 37 and the reversing valve 39 are respectively connected with a control device. Specifically, the second pumping device 34 is a water pump, the fourth switching valve 36 is an electric valve, the third regulating valve 37 is a flow valve, and the reversing valve 39 is a three-way electromagnetic valve. After the standing and sedimentation is finished, the control device controls the water distribution device 30 to act, the second pump 34 is started, the supernatant in the water tank 10 enters the water taking hose 32 through the water taking head 31, then enters the water distribution pipe 33, enters the water sample cup 38 after being filtered by the first filter 35, and finally enters the detection instrument 50 through the water sample cup 38. Preferably, be equipped with the micropore filter screen in the water intaking head, filter the water sample.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 2, a turbidity detector 60 for detecting the turbidity of the source water or the turbidity of the supernatant in real time is provided in the water tank 10, and the turbidity detector 60 is connected to the control device. The turbidity detector 60 is configured to send the detected turbidity value of the source water or the turbidity value of the supernatant to the control device, and the control device is configured to control the water distribution device 30 to start after a first preset settling time to distribute the supernatant into the detection instrument 50 when the turbidity value of the received source water is equal to or smaller than a first-level threshold value preset by the system; the control device is also used for controlling the water distribution device 30 to be started after second preset settling time to distribute the supernatant into the detection instrument 50 when the turbidity value of the received source water is greater than a primary threshold value and less than a secondary threshold value preset by the system; the control device is further configured to control the water distribution device 30 to be started when the turbidity value of the supernatant is equal to or less than the primary threshold value preset by the system within a third preset settling time when the turbidity value of the received source water is greater than the primary threshold value preset by the system, so as to distribute the supernatant into the detection instrument 50; the water distribution device 30 is communicated with a secondary treatment device 70, the secondary treatment device 70 is used for pretreating the supernatant liquid distributed by the water distribution device 30, the secondary treatment device 70 is connected with a control device, and the control device is also used for controlling the secondary treatment device 70 to be started when the turbidity value of the received source water is equal to or greater than a secondary threshold value preset by the system or the turbidity value of the supernatant liquid is still greater than a primary threshold value preset by the system after a third preset settling time, so as to pretreat the supernatant liquid distributed by the water distribution device 30.
When the water sample pretreatment device works, the source water supply device 20 is started under the control of the control device, the source water to be pretreated is supplied into the water tank 10, the turbidity detector 60 arranged in the water tank 10 detects the turbidity value of the source water, when the turbidity value of the source water is equal to or less than a first-level threshold value (which can be an upper turbidity threshold value allowed by a detection instrument) preset by the system, the control device enables the source water to be settled for a first preset settling time (generally 30min) according to the relevant requirements of the ground surface water environment quality standard (GB3838-2002), then the water distribution device 30 is controlled to be started, and supernatant formed after the source water is settled is distributed into the detection instrument 50. When the turbidity value of the source water is greater than a primary threshold value preset by the system and less than a secondary threshold value preset by the system, the pretreatment system can perform sedimentation according to the condition of time, the sedimentation flow chart is shown in fig. 3, when the sedimentation time of the source water reaches a second preset sedimentation time (generally 60min), the control device controls the water distribution device 30 to be started, and supernatant formed after the source water is sedimented is distributed into the detection instrument 50; when the turbidity value of the source water is greater than the first-level threshold value preset by the system, the sedimentation flow chart is as shown in fig. 4, and in the third preset sedimentation time of the source water, when the turbidity value of the supernatant water sample formed after sedimentation is equal to or less than the first-level threshold value preset by the system, the control device controls the water distribution device 30 to be started, and the supernatant is distributed into the detection instrument 50. When the source water is settled under the condition of time or the turbidity value is settled under the condition of time and the water distribution device 30 is started, the turbidity value of the supernatant detected by the turbidity detector 60 is equal to or greater than a second-level threshold value preset by the system or is still greater than a first-level threshold value preset by the system after the third preset settling time, the control device controls the secondary treatment device to be started again, the secondary treatment device 70 carries out pretreatment on the supernatant distributed by the water distribution device 30, and then the turbidity value of the supernatant distributed into the detection instrument 50 is equal to or less than the first-level threshold value preset by the system, so that the turbidity value of the supernatant distributed into the detection instrument 50 meets the requirement of the detection instrument 50.
The water sample pretreatment system changes the static sedimentation pretreatment mode of the existing water station with fixed time length, expands the sedimentation mode with the turbidity threshold value of the supernatant layer as the condition, namely, in the third preset sedimentation time, when the turbidity threshold value of the supernatant is equal to or less than the preset threshold value of the system, the control system controls the water distribution device 30 to start. During actual treatment, when the turbidity value of source water is lower than a preset threshold value of the system, the influence of turbidity on a test result of a detection instrument is small, so that monitoring data of each water station has good consistency; when the turbidity value of the source water is larger than a preset threshold value of the system, the turbidity has large influence on a test result of a detection instrument, the consistency of monitoring data of each water station is poor, and under the condition that the turbidity of the source water is higher (influencing the test result of the detection instrument), each water station can uniformly adopt a turbidity threshold value as a condition to settle and unify the preset turbidity threshold value standard of the system, so that the monitoring data of each water station can be obtained under the same turbidity condition, the consistency and comparability of data among stations are improved, and the quality evaluation of the surface water environment of each province and city is more objective.
In this alternative, as shown in fig. 5 and 6, the first filter 35 includes a filter tank 351 having a filter cavity, the filter tank 351 is provided with a liquid inlet 3511, a liquid outlet 3512 and a liquid outlet 3513 which are respectively communicated with the filter cavity, the water distribution pipe 33 extends out of the water tank 10 and is communicated with the liquid inlet 3511, the liquid outlet 3512 is communicated with the detection instrument 50 through the water distribution pipe 33, and the liquid outlet 3513 is communicated with the system drainage device 80. The filter cavity is internally provided with a filter net piece 352 for filtering the entered supernatant, the filter net piece 352 is obliquely arranged to divide the filter cavity into a front filter cavity 3514 and a rear filter cavity 3515, the liquid inlet 3511 and the liquid outlet 3513 are respectively communicated with the front filter cavity 3514, and the liquid outlet 3512 is communicated with the rear filter cavity 3515. The filter tank 351 is also connected with an ultrasonic vibrator 353 for generating vibration, and the ultrasonic vibrator 353 is connected with a control device. Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, the filter tank 351 is a rectangular tank, the filter chamber is a rectangular chamber, and the filter mesh 352 is provided along a diagonal of the rectangular chamber. When a water sample is filtered, impurities are blocked by the obliquely arranged filter net 352 and are taken away by a shunted water sample from the liquid outlet 3513, so that the impurities are not easy to attach to the surface of the filter net; after the water sample is filtered, cleaning water can be filled into the filtering cavity from the water outlet 3512, the cleaning water is discharged from the water outlet 3513, the filtering net 352 is cleaned reversely, the ultrasonic vibrator is started during reverse cleaning, and the cavitation effect of the ultrasonic waves in the water body further enhances the cleaning effect.
In this alternative, as shown in FIG. 2, a turbidity detector 60 is connected to the water intake head 31 to detect a source water turbidity value of the source water at the water intake head 31 or a supernatant turbidity value of the supernatant. Water distribution device 30 further comprises a lifting adjustment member 41 for adjusting the height of water intake head 31, lifting adjustment member 41 comprising: connect lift driver 411 on the surface of water tank 10 upper cover, vertically set up in water tank 10 and upper end and lift driver 411's drive end fixed connection's conduction silk pole 412, and vertically set up be used for carrying out the direction guide shaft lever 413 to the reciprocating of water intaking head 31 on the inside wall of water tank 10, lift driver 411 links to each other with controlling means. The water intake 31 is respectively arranged on the outer circles of the wire transmission rod 412 and the guide shaft 413 in a penetrating way, and the water intake 31 is in threaded connection with the outer circle of the wire transmission rod 412. Specifically, the elevating driver 411 is an elevating motor, and the water intake hose 32 ensures movement of the water intake head 31 at different water depth positions. In the present invention, the elevation adjusting member 41 is provided to further adjust the water intake depth of the water intake head 31, thereby realizing the turbidity detection of different water depths (water layers) by the turbidity detector 60.
Preferably, the water distribution device 30 further comprises a water depth detector for detecting the sampling depth of the water intake head 31, and the water depth detector is connected to the water intake head 31 and connected to the control device to send the detected sampling depth value of the water intake head 31 to the control device. The control device receives the sampling depth value, calculates the total volume of the supernatant required by detection according to the number of the detection instruments 50, simultaneously calculates the sampling depth of the water intake head 31 by matching with the size data of the water tank 10, and finally controls the lifting driver 411 to act so as to enable the water intake head 31 to lift to the corresponding sampling depth, thereby realizing automatic adjustment of the sampling head 31 to the minimum sampling depth according to the number of the configured detection instruments, so as to obtain a water sample meeting the sedimentation effect in the shortest time, and simultaneously realizing the adaptive adjustment of the sampling depth of the water intake head 31.
Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 2, the secondary treatment device 70 includes a water conduit 71 for drawing the supernatant, the input end of the water conduit 71 communicating with the water sample cup 38, and the output end of the water conduit 71 communicating with the diverter valve 39. The conduit of the water conduit 71 is provided with a second filter 72 for secondary filtration of the supernatant and a constant volume bottle 73 for temporary containing of the filtered supernatant, and the second filter 72 is connected with a control device. The volumetric flask 73 is communicated with a suction pipe 74, the suction end of the suction pipe 74 is connected with a suction pump 75 for generating negative pressure in the water conduit 71 to suck supernatant, and the suction pump 75 is connected with a control device. When the turbidity threshold value of the supernatant liquid prepared in the water distribution pipe 33 is larger than the preset threshold value of the system, the control device controls the secondary treatment device 70 to be started, the reversing valve 39 is reversed to disconnect the water distribution pipe 33 between the water sample cup 38 and the detection instrument 50 and connect the water guide pipe 71, the suction pump 75 is started, the supernatant liquid in the water sample cup 38 enters the second filter 72 through the water guide pipe 71 under the vacuum pumping action for filtering, the filtered supernatant liquid enters the volumetric flask 73 through the water guide pipe 71 for temporary storage, finally enters the water distribution pipe 33 through the reversing valve 39 from the volumetric flask 73, and finally enters the detection instrument 50 through the water distribution pipe 33. Specifically, the second filter 72 is a device for filtration commonly used in the market, and the suction pump 75 is a vacuum pump.
Alternatively, the secondary processing device 70 may also be a diluting device of the detection apparatus 50, and the diluting device selects a preset dilution factor according to the turbidity threshold value of the supernatant, and dilutes the supernatant so that the turbidity threshold value of the diluted supernatant is equal to or lower than the preset threshold value of the system.
Alternatively, the secondary treatment device 70 may also be an automatic centrifugation device, which is connected to the control device. The centrifugal device can suck the supernatant from the water sample cup 38 for centrifugal treatment, the supernatant obtained after centrifugation of the centrifugal device enters the water distribution pipe 33 through the reversing valve 39, and finally enters the detection instrument 50 through the water distribution pipe 33. Preferably, the control device can select a preset centrifugal rotating speed and centrifugal time according to the turbidity value of the supernatant obtained by sedimentation, so that the centrifugal mode and the filtration and dilution mode are basically consistent in pretreatment effect.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the system drain 80 further includes a first overflow pipe 81, a second sampling pipe 83, a third sampling pipe 84, a second overflow pipe 85, and a fourth sampling pipe 86. Both ends of the first overflow pipe 81 are respectively communicated with the inner cavity side direction of the water tank 10 and the drainage collection port. A fifth on-off valve 87 for opening and closing the first sampling pipe 82 is provided in the first sampling pipe 82. Both ends of the second sampling pipe 83 are respectively communicated with the first filter 35 and the drain collecting port, and a sixth switching valve 88 for switching on or off the second sampling pipe 83 is provided in a pipeline of the second sampling pipe 83. Two ends of the third sampling pipe 84 are respectively communicated with the bottom of the inner cavity of the water sample cup 38 and the drainage collecting port, and a seventh switch valve 89 for connecting or disconnecting the third sampling pipe 84 is arranged in a pipeline of the third sampling pipe 84. Both ends of the second overflow pipe 85 are respectively communicated with the side wall of the water sample cup 38 and the drainage collection port. Two ends of the fourth sampling pipe 86 are respectively communicated with the bottom of the constant volume bottle 73 and the drainage collecting port, and an eighth switch valve 91 for connecting or disconnecting the fourth sampling pipe 86 is arranged in a pipeline of the fourth sampling pipe 86. The fifth switching valve 87, the sixth switching valve 88, the seventh switching valve 89 and the eighth switching valve 91 are connected to the control device, respectively. Specifically, the fifth switching valve 87 is an air-operated valve, the sixth switching valve 88 is an electric-operated valve, the seventh switching valve 89 is an electromagnetic valve, and the eighth switching valve 91 is an electromagnetic valve. Preferably, an overflow port is formed in the side wall of the water tank 10, and the first overflow pipe 81 is inserted into the overflow port along the tangential direction of the water tank, so that redundant water samples are discharged from the overflow port in the side wall of the water tank 10 along the tangential direction, the sedimentation speed is accelerated, and the sedimentation time is shortened.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the washing device 110 further includes a second water supply branch pipe 112 and a third water supply branch pipe 113 which are respectively communicated with the water supply header pipe 111. The pipeline of the water supply main 111 is provided with a fourth adjusting valve 114 for adjusting the flow of the water supply main 111. The output end of the second water supply branch pipe 112 is communicated with the source water input pipe, and a ninth switching valve 115 for switching on or off the second water supply branch pipe 112 is provided in the pipeline of the second water supply branch pipe 112. The output end of the third water supply branch pipe 113 is communicated with the water distribution pipe 33, and a tenth switching valve 116 for switching on or off the third water supply branch pipe 113 is arranged in the pipeline of the third water supply branch pipe 113. The washing water supplier, the fourth regulating valve 114, the ninth switching valve 115 and the tenth switching valve 116 are connected to the control device, respectively. Specifically, the fourth regulating valve 114 is a flow valve, and the ninth switching valve 115 and the tenth switching valve 116 are both electrically operated valves. In actual operation, the second water supply branch pipe 112 is used for cleaning the source water input pipe 21 and electrical components arranged in the pipeline of the source water input pipe 21; the third water supply branch 113 is used for cleaning the water distribution pipe 33 and electrical components disposed in the pipeline of the water distribution pipe 33.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A water sample pretreatment system is characterized in that,
comprises a water tank (10), a system drainage device (80) communicated with the water tank (10), a back flushing device (130) and a control device;
the system drainage device (80) comprises a drainage collecting port and a first drainage pipe (82), wherein two ends of the first drainage pipe (82) are respectively communicated with the bottom of the inner cavity of the water tank (10) and the drainage collecting port;
the back flushing device (130) is connected with the control device, and the back flushing device (130) is communicated with the first sample discharge pipe (82) so as to back flush high-pressure air to the bottom of the water tank (10) through the first sample discharge pipe (82) and blow away the sediment deposited and hardened at the bottom of the water tank (10);
the water tank (10) is further communicated with an active water supply device (20), the active water supply device (20) comprises a source water input pipe (21), the input end of the source water input pipe (21) is a source water taking point, the output end of the source water input pipe (21) horizontally extends into the water tank (10) along the tangential direction of the cylindrical water tank (10) so that the source water tangential line is fed to form a vortex, and then particles contained in the source water are gathered and orderly settled towards the center of the water tank (10) under the action of centripetal force, and impurities are not easily attached to the inner wall of the water tank (10), and meanwhile, the settling time is shortened.
2. The water sample pretreatment system of claim 1,
the reverse purging device (130) comprises an air purging pipe (131) communicated with the first sample discharging pipe (82), and the input end of the air purging pipe (131) is communicated with a compressed air supply device for supplying high-pressure compressed air;
the pipeline of the gas washing pipe (131) is internally provided with a first switch valve (132) for controlling the conduction or the separation of the gas washing pipe (131) and a first regulating valve (133) for regulating the flow of the gas washing pipe (131), and the compressed air supply device, the first switch valve (132) and the first regulating valve (133) are respectively connected with the control device.
3. The water sample pretreatment system of claim 2,
the water sample pretreatment system further comprises a cleaning device (110), wherein the cleaning device (110) comprises a cleaning water supplier for supplying cleaning water, and the cleaning water supplier is connected with a water supply main pipe (111) and a first water supply branch pipe (117) communicated with the water supply main pipe (111);
the output end of the first water supply branch pipe (117) extends into the water tank (10), a second switch valve (118) for controlling the conduction or the partition of the first water supply branch pipe (117) is arranged in a pipeline of the first water supply branch pipe (117), and the second switch valve (118) is connected with the control device;
the output end of the first water supply branch pipe (117) is communicated with a self-rotating spray head (119) which automatically rotates under the action of washing water pressure, and the self-rotating spray head (119) is communicated with a plurality of nozzles (120).
4. A water sample pretreatment system as claimed in claim 3,
the pipeline of the source water input pipe (21) is provided with a first pump transmitter (22) for pumping source water, a third switch valve (23) for controlling the conduction or the separation of the source water input pipe (21) and a second regulating valve (24) for regulating the flow of the source water input pipe (21), and the first pump transmitter (22), the third switch valve (23) and the second regulating valve (24) are respectively connected with the control device.
5. The water sample pretreatment system of claim 4,
the water tank (10) is also communicated with a water distribution device (30), the water distribution device (30) is used for distributing supernatant formed after standing and settling of source water in the water tank (10) into a detection instrument (50), and the detection instrument (50) is used for detecting and analyzing a water sample;
the water distribution device (30) comprises a water taking head (31) which is arranged in the water tank (10) and used for absorbing supernatant, the output end of the water taking head (31) is connected with a water taking hose (32), the output end of the water taking hose (32) is connected with a water distribution pipe (33), and the output end of the water distribution pipe (33) extends out of the water tank (10) and then is connected with the detection instrument (50) so as to distribute the supernatant into the detection instrument (50);
the water distribution pipe (33) is provided with a second pump transmitter (34) for pumping supernatant, a first filter (35) for filtering the supernatant, a fourth switch valve (36) for controlling the conduction or the separation of the water distribution pipe (33), a third adjusting valve (37) for adjusting the flow of the water distribution pipe (33), a water sample cup (38) for temporarily storing the supernatant, and a reversing valve (39) which is positioned at the downstream of the water sample cup (38) and is used for controlling the conduction or the separation of a pipeline between the water sample cup (38) and the detection instrument (50), wherein the second pump transmitter (34), the first filter (35), the fourth switch valve (36), the third adjusting valve (37) and the reversing valve (39) are respectively connected with the control device.
6. The water sample pretreatment system of claim 5,
a turbidity detector (60) for detecting the turbidity of source water or the turbidity of supernatant in real time is arranged in the water tank (10), and the turbidity detector (60) is connected with the control device;
the turbidity detector (60) is used for sending the detected turbidity value of the source water or the turbidity value of the supernatant to the control device, and the control device is used for controlling the water distribution device (30) to be started after first preset settling time so as to distribute the supernatant into the detection instrument (50) when the turbidity value of the received source water is equal to or smaller than a primary threshold value preset by the system; the control device is also used for controlling the water distribution device (30) to be started after second preset settling time to distribute the supernatant into the detection instrument (50) when the turbidity value of the received source water is greater than a primary threshold value and less than a secondary threshold value preset by the system; the control device is also used for controlling the water distribution device (30) to be started when the turbidity value of the supernatant is equal to or less than the primary threshold value preset by the system within a third preset settling time when the turbidity value of the received source water is greater than the primary threshold value preset by the system, so as to distribute the supernatant into the detection instrument (50);
water distribution device (30) intercommunication has secondary treatment device (70), secondary treatment device (70) be used for to by the supernatant of water distribution device (30) delivery carries out the preliminary treatment, secondary treatment device (70) with controlling means links to each other, controlling means still is used for when the source water turbidity value of receiving equals or is greater than the secondary threshold value that the system was predetermine or the supernatant turbidity value is still greater than the one-level threshold value that the system was predetermine after the third settlement time, controls secondary treatment device (70) start, in order to by the supernatant of water distribution device (30) delivery carries out the preliminary treatment.
7. The water sample pretreatment system of claim 6,
the turbidity detector (60) is connected to the water intake head (31) to detect a source water turbidity value of the source water at the water intake head (31) or a supernatant turbidity value of the supernatant;
the water distribution device (30) further comprises a lifting adjusting member (41) for adjusting the height of the water intake head (31), wherein the lifting adjusting member (41) comprises:
the lifting device comprises a lifting driver (411) connected to the outer surface of an upper cover of the water tank (10), a wire conveying rod (412) vertically arranged in the water tank (10) and fixedly connected with the driving end of the lifting driver (411), and a guide shaft rod (413) vertically arranged on the inner side wall of the water tank (10) and used for guiding the up-and-down movement of the water taking head (31), wherein the lifting driver (411) is connected with the control device;
the water intake head (31) respectively penetrates through the wire conveying rod (412) and the outer circle of the guide shaft rod (413), and the water intake head (31) is in threaded connection with the outer circle of the wire conveying rod (412).
8. The water sample pretreatment system of claim 6,
the secondary treatment device (70) comprises a water conduit (71) for guiding supernatant, the input end of the water conduit (71) is communicated with the water sample cup (38), and the output end of the water conduit (71) is communicated with the reversing valve (39);
a second filter (72) for performing secondary filtration on the supernatant and a fixed containing bottle (73) for temporarily containing the filtered supernatant are arranged in a pipeline of the water conduit (71), and the second filter (72) is connected with the control device;
the volumetric flask (73) is communicated with a suction pipe (74), the suction end of the suction pipe (74) is connected with a suction pump (75) which is used for generating negative pressure in the water conduit (71) to suck supernatant, and the suction pump (75) is connected with the control device.
9. The water sample pretreatment system of claim 8,
the cleaning device (110) also comprises a second water supply branch pipe (112) and a third water supply branch pipe (113) which are respectively communicated with the water supply main pipe (111);
a fourth adjusting valve (114) for adjusting the flow of the water supply main pipe (111) is arranged in a pipeline of the water supply main pipe (111);
the output end of the second water supply branch pipe (112) is communicated with the source water input pipe, and a ninth switch valve (115) which leads the second water supply branch pipe (112) to be conducted or cut off is arranged in a pipeline of the second water supply branch pipe (112);
the output end of the third water supply branch pipe (113) is communicated with the water distribution pipe (33), and a tenth switch valve (116) which leads the third water supply branch pipe (113) to be conducted or cut off is arranged in a pipeline of the third water supply branch pipe (113);
the washing water supplier, the fourth control valve (114), the ninth switching valve (115), and the tenth switching valve (116) are connected to the control device, respectively.
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| AT408750B (en) * | 2000-03-10 | 2002-02-25 | Va Tech Wabag Gmbh | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR WASTE WATER TREATMENT |
| CN2737776Y (en) * | 2004-09-02 | 2005-11-02 | 王克春 | Filtering tank (pond) pollutant removing apparatus |
| CN101468821B (en) * | 2007-12-25 | 2010-11-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Pretreatment system and pretreatment method for sewerage |
| CN102240467A (en) * | 2011-04-21 | 2011-11-16 | 上海摩特威尔自控设备工程有限公司 | Grit chamber compressed air cleaning device in water sample pretreatment system and cleaning method of device |
| CN204389228U (en) * | 2014-12-31 | 2015-06-10 | 陕西正大环保科技有限公司 | Silt monitoring water quality on line sampling |
| CN108362528A (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2018-08-03 | 吴自红 | A kind of river water sampler of different water depth |
| CN210419509U (en) * | 2019-08-13 | 2020-04-28 | 中碧科技(江苏)有限公司 | Three-in-one water quality pretreatment and water distribution system |
| CN110824136A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-02-21 | 上海邦芯物联网科技有限公司 | Water supply pipe network water quality monitoring system and method |
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