CN111871018A - Filter structure of filter tank and multi-layer filter material filter tank - Google Patents
Filter structure of filter tank and multi-layer filter material filter tank Download PDFInfo
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- CN111871018A CN111871018A CN202010906388.7A CN202010906388A CN111871018A CN 111871018 A CN111871018 A CN 111871018A CN 202010906388 A CN202010906388 A CN 202010906388A CN 111871018 A CN111871018 A CN 111871018A
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 137
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 19
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 67
- 238000011001 backwashing Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052810 boron oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N diboron trioxide Chemical compound O=BOB=O JKWMSGQKBLHBQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002223 garnet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002114 nanocomposite Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D24/00—Filters comprising loose filtering material, i.e. filtering material without any binder between the individual particles or fibres thereof
- B01D24/46—Regenerating the filtering material in the filter
- B01D24/4631—Counter-current flushing, e.g. by air
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a filter structure of a multilayer filter material upward flow filter and a multilayer filter material upward flow filter, comprising a glass filter material layer and a quartz sand filter material layer; the glass filter material layer is positioned on the upper side of the quartz sand filter material layer; the grain size of the filter material of the glass filter material layer is smaller than that of the filter material of the quartz sand filter material layer. Adopt small-grain diameter filter material through the upper strata, the filter material of great particle diameter is adopted to the lower floor, has avoided the problem that effect and pollutant carrying capacity can't have concurrently is held back to the individual layer filter material, guarantees when great pollutant carrying capacity, reduces the backwash energy consumption. The thickness of the upper layer small-grain-size filter material is 0.1m-0.3m, so that the cost increase caused by adopting a large amount of small-grain-size glass filter materials is avoided. The invention gives full play to the advantage of high dirt-accepting capacity of the lower layer filter material, the upper layer filter material mainly intercepts and removes fine suspended matters, and simultaneously has certain adsorption performance, thereby ensuring that indexes such as suspended matters, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and the like in the outlet water stably meet the requirements which cannot be met by the conventional filter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of water treatment, in particular to a filter structure of a filter tank and a multi-layer filter material filter tank.
Background
The filter tanks for the advanced treatment of water supply and sewage are various in types, and the filter materials are various in forms. The upward flow filter chamber has the advantages of high sewage receiving amount and difficult blockage compared with the downward flow filter chamber. Patent document CN106365237A discloses a method and a device for deep dephosphorization of sewage. The device specifically adopts a physical adsorption method of a nano composite material and an upward flow filter tank to deeply remove phosphorus in sewage, and the device consists of a rapid mixer and the upward flow filter tank. The filtering speed of the upward flow filtering pool is generally higher than that of the downward flow filtering pool, so the upward flow filtering pool occupies smaller area and is more suitable for being applied to a tense land or a sunken regeneration water plant.
The filter can be divided into a single-layer filter material, a double-layer filter material, a three-layer filter material and the like according to the number of layers of the filter material, the single-layer uniform graded filter takes quartz sand or ceramsite filter material as a main material, and the particle size range of the filter material has great influence on the water quality of effluent and backwashing energy consumption. The particle size is small, the effluent quality is high, the pollutant carrying capacity is small, and the backwashing energy consumption is high; large particle size, poor effluent quality, large pollutant carrying capacity and low backwashing energy consumption.
In a typical downward flow three-layer filter, anthracite filter materials with large particles and small relative density are distributed on an upper layer; the filter material quartz sand with relative density in the medium particles is distributed in the middle layer; the magnetite (or garnet) filter material with small particles and large relative density is arranged on the lower layer, the typical downward flow double-layer filter tank generally adopts anthracite on the upper layer and quartz sand on the lower layer, and the layered main purpose is to solve the problem that the filter material pollutant carrying capacity and the effluent quality in a single particle size range can not be considered, the large particle size filter material on the upper layer removes large particle pollutants, and the small particle size filter material on the lower layer removes small particle pollutants. However, in the practical application process, the anthracite has low strength, backwashing is easy to run off, the magnetite has high density, the backwashing energy consumption can be increased, and the layered filter materials are easy to generate a filter material mixing layer, so that the application of the single-layer uniform graded filter is more common in the practical application process.
The upward flow filter tank does not have the phenomenon that the density of filter materials in the downward flow filter tank is increased along the filtering direction, so that the pollutant carrying capacity of the filter bed can be fully exerted, higher pollutant carrying capacity can be realized without layering, and the pollutant removing effect is lower than that of the downward flow filter tank. In order to obtain better effluent quality, a method of reducing the filtration rate is generally adopted, but the method causes the problems of increasing the occupied area and investment.
Therefore, the conventional filter tank can not effectively solve the problem of contradiction between the quality of outlet water and the pollutant carrying capacity, how to ensure the removal effect of pollutants such as suspended matters in water and the like, and meanwhile, the conventional filter tank does not reduce the filtration rate, improves the pollutant carrying capacity as much as possible, reduces the blockage, and reduces the backwashing frequency and the operation cost, which is a difficult problem to solve in the application of the filter tank engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a filter structure of a filter tank and a multi-layer filter material filter tank.
The filter chamber filtering structure provided by the invention comprises a glass filter material layer and a quartz sand filter material layer;
the glass filter material layer is positioned on the upper side of the quartz sand filter material layer;
the grain size of the filter material of the glass filter material layer is smaller than that of the filter material of the quartz sand filter material layer.
Preferably, the layer thickness of the glass filter material layer is smaller than that of the quartz sand filter material layer.
Preferably, the grain diameter of the filter material of the quartz sand filter material layer is 1-4mm, and the density is 2.5-2.6kg/cm3。
Preferably, the layer thickness of the quartz sand filter material layer is 0.7-2.7 m.
Preferably, the filter material of the glass filter material layer has the grain diameter of 0.4-2mm and the density<2.5kg/cm3。
Preferably, the layer thickness of the glass filter layer is 0.1 to 0.3 m.
Preferably, the surface of the quartz sand filter material layer is attached or not attached with a biological film, and the surface of the glass filter material layer is not grown with the biological film.
According to the present invention, there is provided a filter structure of a filter tank, comprising: the filter material layers are stacked up and down to form a multi-layer filter material layer structure;
the grain sizes of the filter materials among the filter material layers are different;
wherein, between two liang of filter material layers, the filter material layer that the filter material particle size is big and density is big is located the downside.
The multilayer filter material filter tank provided by the invention comprises an upward flow filter tank and a filter structure arranged in the upward flow filter tank, wherein the filter structure comprises the filter structure of the multilayer filter material upward flow filter tank.
Preferably, the water inlet of the upward flow filter is positioned below the filter structure, and the water outlet is positioned above the filter structure.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. through adopting the upper strata to adopt small-grain diameter filter material, the filter material of great particle diameter is adopted to the lower floor, has avoided the problem that effect and pollutant carrying capacity can't have concurrently is held back to the individual layer filter material, guarantees when great pollutant carrying capacity, reduces the backwash energy consumption.
2. The upward flow mode is adopted, the advantage of high pollutant carrying capacity of the lower layer filter material is fully exerted, a production biomembrane can be attached synchronously, the removal effects of microorganisms on BOD, total nitrogen and the like are exerted, and the water quality is further improved; the upper-layer filter material mainly intercepts and removes suspended matters, and has certain adsorption performance, so that indexes such as suspended matters, total phosphorus and the like in the effluent can be ensured to stably meet the requirements which cannot be met by the conventional filter. Under the condition of keeping higher filtering speed, better effluent quality is obtained, land occupation and investment are saved, and the method is particularly suitable for a sinking type regeneration water plant with high requirement on land conservation.
3. Compared with the traditional single-layer filter (with the same filter material particle size range), the double-layer filter material structure has the advantages that the pollutant carrying capacity, the backwashing frequency and the backwashing energy consumption are equivalent, and the effluent quality is better; compared with a downward flow multi-layer filter, the sewage receiving capacity is larger, the backwashing frequency is longer, the backwashing energy consumption is lower, and the effluent quality is equivalent. Meanwhile, the upper glass filter material layer only needs 0.1-0.3m, so that the constructed upward flow filter tank is easy to transform, the standard improvement transformation is realized, or a newly-built project is implemented step by step according to the effluent quality requirements of different stages, different effluent qualities are met, the investment and the operation cost are further saved, and the application mode is flexible.
4. The filter tank has the characteristics of high ascending flow rate, small floor area and good effluent quality, and is particularly suitable for a sinking type regeneration water plant with high requirement on land conservation and the upgrading and the expansion of the existing sewage treatment plant.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a filter structure according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that it would be obvious to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the filter chamber filtering structure comprises a glass filter material layer 1 and a quartz sand filter material layer 2. The glass filter material layer 1 is positioned on the upper side of the quartz sand filter material layer 2; the grain size of the filter material of the glass filter material layer 1 is smaller than that of the filter material of the quartz sand filter material layer 2.
In the present embodiment, the quartz sand (particle size 3-4mm, density 2.5-2.6 kg/cm) is used to remove suspended matter, organic pollutants, total phosphorus and total nitrogen in the deep treatment of water supply or sewage3) The height of the filter material is 0.7-2.7m, and the glass filter material (particle diameter 0.4-2mm, density)<2.5kg/cm3) The height of the quartz sand filter is 0.1-0.3m, and the upward flow mode is adopted, so that the high sewage receiving energy of the lower-layer quartz sand filter material is fully exertedThe advantages of the force are that the biomembrane can be synchronously attached to produce, the removal effect of the microorganism on organic pollutants, total nitrogen and other pollutants is exerted, and the water quality is further improved; the upper glass filter material is mainly used for strengthening interception and removing fine suspended matters, has certain adsorption performance, does not grow microorganisms, does not have the condition that a biological membrane falls off or is blocked, and ensures that indexes such as suspended matters, total phosphorus, heavy metals and the like in the effluent stably meet the requirement that a single-layer upflow filter tank cannot reach.
In this embodiment, the height of the clear water region of the filter tank should be higher than 0.6m, and a closed tank backwashing or filter material loss prevention drainage channel form should be adopted to ensure that the glass filter material layer does not lose in the backwashing process. The water and gas distribution system adopts the forms of medium-resistance water distribution and large-resistance gas distribution, preferably a filter tube form, so as to ensure the uniformity of water inlet distribution and backwashing water and gas distribution and ensure the filtering effect and backwashing effect.
The glass filter material layer is one or more of spherical, elliptical, granular or flaky glass filter materials, or one or more of modified glass filter materials and regenerated glass filter materials, preferably modified glass filter materials, or waste glass and fly ash serving as raw materials, and modifying agents of boron oxide and aluminum oxide are added; adding foaming agent carbon black, uniformly mixing to form a batch, and carrying out processes such as melting, foaming, annealing and the like to prepare the foaming agent.
Example 2
This example is further optimized based on example 1.
An upward flow denitrification deep bed filter tank applied to sewage deep treatment, and a lower layer of filter material quartz sand (the grain diameter is 2-4mm, and the density is 2.5-2.6 kg/cm)3) Height of 1.5-2.7m, upper glass filter material (particle diameter of 0.5-1.5mm, density)<2.5kg/cm3) The height is 0.1-0.3 m. The water SS of the upward flow filter tank with the single-layer quartz sand is generally 5mg/L-8mg/L, and the water SS of the upward flow filter tank with the improved double-layer filter material can be stabilized below 5mg/L and is equivalent to that of a downward deep bed filter tank (with the same filter material grain size range). The backwashing frequency and the backwashing strength are the same as those of the upward deep bed filter with the traditional single-layer filter material and are superior to those of the downward deep bed filter.
Example 3
This example is further optimized based on example 1.
Applied to an upward flow filter tank for advanced sewage treatment, and when suspended matters are mainly removed, the lower layer of filter material quartz sand (with the grain diameter of 1-2mm and the density of 2.5-2.6 kg/cm) has the particle diameter of 1-2mm3) Height of 0.7-1.5m, upper glass filter material (particle diameter of 0.5-0.8mm, density)<2.5kg/cm3) The height is 0.1-0.3 m. The effluent quality is superior to that of a single-layer upward flow filter, and the backwashing frequency and the backwashing strength are lower than those of a uniform grading traditional filter.
Example 4
This example is further optimized based on example 1.
On the basis of the double-layer filter material, a small-density filter material with smaller particle size or a high-density filter material with larger particle size is added to further improve the water quality or increase the pollutant carrying capacity, so that the formed multi-layer filter material upward flow filter tank is formed. In this embodiment, the filter structure is a three-layer filter material or a multi-layer filter material. The filter material layers are stacked up and down to form a multi-layer filter material layer structure; the grain sizes of the filter materials among the filter material layers are different; wherein, between two liang of filter material layers, the filter material layer that the filter material particle size is big and density is big is located the downside.
The invention is suitable for the upward flow filter tank, and the filter structure of the embodiment is arranged in the upward flow filter tank. The water inlet of the upward flow filter is positioned below the filter structure, and the water outlet is positioned above the filter structure.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present application and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes or modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention. The embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other arbitrarily without conflict.
Claims (10)
1. A filter structure of a filter tank is characterized by comprising a glass filter material layer and a quartz sand filter material layer;
the glass filter material layer is positioned on the upper side of the quartz sand filter material layer;
the grain size of the filter material of the glass filter material layer is smaller than that of the filter material of the quartz sand filter material layer.
2. A filter bed filter construction according to claim 1, wherein the layer thickness of the glass filter material layer is smaller than the layer thickness of the quartz sand filter material layer.
3. A filter pool filter structure according to claim 1, wherein said quartz sand filter material layer has a filter material particle size of 1-4mm and a density of 2.5-2.6kg/cm3。
4. A filter bed filter construction according to claim 1, wherein the quartz sand filter material layer has a layer thickness of 0.7-2.7 m.
5. A filter pool filter structure according to claim 1, wherein said glass filter material layer has a filter material grain size of 0.4-2mm and a density<2.5kg/cm3。
6. A filter bed filter construction according to claim 1, wherein the layer thickness of the glass filter bed is 0.1-0.3 m.
7. A filter bed filter structure according to claim 1, wherein the surface of the quartz sand filter bed is attached or not attached with a biofilm, and the surface of the glass filter bed is not grown with a biofilm.
8. A filter cartridge filter structure, comprising: the filter material layers are stacked up and down to form a multi-layer filter material layer structure;
the grain sizes of the filter materials among the filter material layers are different;
wherein, between two liang of filter material layers, the filter material layer that the filter material particle size is big and density is big is located the downside.
9. A filter with multiple layers of filter materials, which is characterized by comprising an upward flow filter and a filter structure arranged in the upward flow filter, wherein the filter structure comprises the filter structure of the filter with multiple layers of filter materials, which is disclosed by any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. The filter with multiple layers of filter material of claim 9, wherein the water inlet of the upflow filter is located below the filter structure and the water outlet is located above the filter structure.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010906388.7A CN111871018A (en) | 2020-09-01 | 2020-09-01 | Filter structure of filter tank and multi-layer filter material filter tank |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202010906388.7A CN111871018A (en) | 2020-09-01 | 2020-09-01 | Filter structure of filter tank and multi-layer filter material filter tank |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116040844A (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-05-02 | 浙江大学 | Mariculture circulating water system for strengthening sand filtration raw water and treatment method |
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| CN212941643U (en) * | 2020-09-01 | 2021-04-13 | 国投信开水环境投资有限公司 | Filter structure of filter tank and multi-layer filter material filter tank |
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2020
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201424400Y (en) * | 2009-06-15 | 2010-03-17 | 中国市政工程中南设计研究院 | Upward flow reverse grain aerated bacteria filter on deep bed |
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| CN203269648U (en) * | 2013-05-31 | 2013-11-06 | 武汉大学 | Biological aerated filter |
| CN106365237A (en) * | 2016-06-20 | 2017-02-01 | 深圳市清泉水业股份有限公司 | Sewage advanced phosphate removal system, and treatment method adopting system |
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| CN116040844A (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-05-02 | 浙江大学 | Mariculture circulating water system for strengthening sand filtration raw water and treatment method |
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