CN111864823A - 用于控制车辆的低压直流-直流转换器的系统及方法 - Google Patents

用于控制车辆的低压直流-直流转换器的系统及方法 Download PDF

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CN111864823A
CN111864823A CN201911219153.4A CN201911219153A CN111864823A CN 111864823 A CN111864823 A CN 111864823A CN 201911219153 A CN201911219153 A CN 201911219153A CN 111864823 A CN111864823 A CN 111864823A
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voltage
converter
low
relay
low voltage
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张永振
金慧承
田埈荣
尹汉信
李浩仲
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Corp
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Hyundai Motor Co
Kia Motors Corp
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    • H02J7/342The other DC source being a battery actively interacting with the first one, i.e. battery to battery charging
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    • B60R16/033Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements for supply of electrical power to vehicle subsystems or for characterised by the use of electrical cells or batteries
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    • H02J9/06Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems
    • H02J9/061Circuit arrangements for emergency or stand-by power supply, e.g. for emergency lighting in which the distribution system is disconnected from the normal source and connected to a standby source with automatic change-over, e.g. UPS systems for DC powered loads
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于控制车辆的低压直流‑直流转换器的系统及方法。所述系统包括:低压DC‑DC转换器,其将主电池的电压转换为低电压并且输出所述低电压;电气装置,其连接到低压DC‑DC转换器的输出端子;第一继电器,其第一端子连接到低压DC‑DC转换器的输出端子;辅助电池,其连接到第一继电器的第二端子;以及控制器,在对主电池充电的同时辅助电池充电至预设的参考值或更大时,所述控制器关断第一继电器,并且操作低压DC‑DC转换器以输出能够运行电气装置的最小电压。

Description

用于控制车辆的低压直流-直流转换器的系统及方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种控制车辆的低压DC-DC转换器的系统及方法,更具体地,涉及这样一种控制车辆的低压DC-DC转换器的系统及方法:其在对车辆的主电池充电的同时基于辅助电池的状态来调节低压转换器的输出电压,从而能够减少车辆的电气装置中的电力消耗,并且能够应对低压转换器中的故障发生。
背景技术
电动车辆或插电式混合动力车辆被供应有通常称为IG3电源的电力,以用于将电力供应给在对存储电能(其为车辆的驱动动力源)的主电池进行充电时所需的电气装置。该电力主要由存储在主辅助电池中的电力提供。同时,在主电池与辅助电池之间布置有低压DC-DC转换器(LDC),该低压DC-DC转换器配置为将主电池的电压转换为低电压并且输出该低电压,低压DC-DC转换器的输出电压输入到辅助电池和电气装置。
通常,在对主电池充电时,当辅助电池通过低压DC-DC转换器的输出电压完全充电时,低压DC-DC转换器操作为输出与辅助电池的电压相同的电压。对低压DC-DC转换器的输出进行调节以防止完全充电的辅助电池充电和放电。然而,在如上所述对主电池进行充电时,传统的控制低压DC-DC转换器的方法由于向连接到低压DC-DC转换器的输出端子的电气装置提供高电压的电力,从而增加了车辆的电气装置的电力消耗。
例如,车辆的电气装置可以在12V的电压下工作,但是传统的低压DC-DC转换器保持13V的输出(其为辅助电池的电压)。因此,不必要的高电压电力供应至车辆的电气装置,从而导致电气装置中的电力消耗增加。
上述作为本申请的相关技术提供的说明仅用于帮助理解本发明的背景技术,不应理解为包括在本领域技术人员已知的相关技术中。
发明内容
因此,本发明提供一种控制车辆的低压DC-DC转换器的系统及方法,所述系统及方法在对主电池充电时基于辅助电池的状态将低压DC-DC转换器的输出电压调节为低水平,从而减少车辆的电气装置中的电力消耗。本发明进一步提供一种控制车辆的低压DC-DC转换器的系统及方法,所述系统及方法在将低压DC-DC转换器的输出电压调节为低水平的同时,能够应对低压转换器中的故障发生。
根据本发明的一方面,一种用于控制车辆的低压DC-DC转换器的系统可以包括:低压DC-DC转换器,其配置为将主电池的电压转换为低电压并且输出所述低电压;电气装置,其连接到低压DC-DC转换器的输出端子;第一继电器,其第一端子连接到低压DC-DC转换器的输出端子;辅助电池,其连接到第一继电器的第二端子;以及控制器,其配置为:在对主电池充电的同时辅助电池充电至预设的参考值或更大时,关断第一继电器并且操作低压DC-DC转换器以输出能够运行所述电气装置的最小电压。
在本发明的示例性实施方案中,当主电池通过从外部充电设备接收充电电力而开始充电时,所述控制器可以配置为从第一继电器的第一端子供应充电电压,以向主电池充电时操作的控制器供应电力。另外,所述系统可以进一步包括:第二继电器,所述第二继电器的第一端子连接到第一继电器的第一端子,所述第二继电器的第二端子连接到用于提供充电电压的充电电力线。所述控制器可以配置为:在主电池开始充电时,接通第二继电器,以供应充电电压。
所述低压DC-DC转换器可以包括:电源电路芯片,其配置为向所述低压DC-DC转换器供应电力;以及微处理器,其配置为通过供应来自电源电路芯片的电压来执行低压DC-DC转换器的操作。所述电源电路芯片可以通过连接到第一继电器的第二端子供应来自辅助电池的恒定电压,并且所述电源电路芯片可以配置为通过接收触发信号来向微处理器提供或阻断电压。
在本发明的示例性实施方案中,所述微处理器可以配置为在接收到电压时输出操作保持信号,并且低压DC-DC转换器可以进一步包括:或逻辑门,其配置为接收充电电压和操作保持信号作为输入,并且向电源电路芯片提供触发信号作为输出。另外,所述微处理器可以配置为:当低压DC-DC转换器中发生低压DC-DC转换器的输出电压没有正常生成的故障时,存储故障诊断代码并且将故障警报信号发送到控制器。所述控制器可以配置为:在接收到故障警报信号之后,接通第一继电器。
为了实现上述目的,根据本发明的另一方面,一种控制车辆的低压DC-DC转换器的方法,其中,所述方法利用以下装置执行:低压DC-DC转换器,其配置为将主电池的电压转换为低电压并输出所述低电压;电气装置,其连接到低压DC-DC转换器的输出端子;第一继电器,其第一端子连接到低压DC-DC转换器的输出端子;以及辅助电池,其连接到第一继电器的第二端子;所述方法包括:当主电池通过从外部充电设备接收充电电力而开始充电时,监测辅助电池的电量状态(SOC);当对辅助电池充电至预设的参考值或更大时,关断第一继电器,并且操作低压DC-DC转换器以输出能够运行所述电气装置的最小电压。
在本发明的示例性实施方案中,所述方法可以进一步包括:在监测辅助电池的SOC之前,当主电池开始充电时从第一继电器的第一端子提供充电电压,以向主电池充电时操作的控制器供应电力。另外,在提供充电电压的步骤中,可以通过接通第二继电器来供应充电电压,所述第二继电器的第一端子连接到第一继电器的第一端子,并且所述第二继电器的第二端子连接到用于供应充电电压的充电电力线。
另外,所述方法可以进一步包括:在操作低压DC-DC转换器之后,当低压DC-DC转换器中发生低压DC-DC转换器的输出电压没有正常生成的故障时,存储故障诊断代码并且生成故障警报信号。所述方法可以进一步包括:在生成故障警报信号之后,接通第一继电器。
在本发明的示例性实施方案中,所述低压DC-DC转换器可以包括:电源电路芯片,其配置为向低压DC-DC转换器供应电力。另外,可以通过触发信号确定是否供应电力。所述转换器可以进一步包括:微处理器,其配置为通过供应来自电源电路芯片的电压执行低压DC-DC转换器的操作,并且配置为在接收到所述电压时输出操作保持信号;以及或逻辑门,其配置为接收充电电压和操作保持信号作为输入,并且输出触发信号作为输出。在监测辅助电池的SOC之前,所述方法可以进一步包括:通过在或逻辑门的第一输入端子接收充电电压,由或逻辑门生成接通状态的触发信号,从而由电源电路芯片提供电压;通过接收来自电源电路芯片的电压,由微处理器输出操作保持信号,并且将所述操作保持信号提供到或逻辑门的第二输入端子。
按照根据本发明的控制车辆的低压DC-DC转换器的系统及方法,当辅助电池完全充电时,布置在辅助电池与低压DC-DC转换器之间的继电器可以关断,并且低压DC-DC转换器的输出电压可以调节为小于辅助电池的电压或者能够运行电气装置的最小电压。因此,可以通过将电压降低的电力提供给电气装置来实现电力消耗的减少。
另外,根据控制车辆的低压DC-DC转换器的系统及方法,当在辅助电池与低压DC-DC转换器的输出端子没有相互电连接(例如,继电器关断)的同时,发生低压DC-DC转换器没有正常提供输出电压的故障时,电力可以在从低压DC-DC转换器的输出端子供应的充电电压由于故障而无法供应时持续供应给低压DC-DC转换器内的微处理器。因此,可以存储故障诊断代码,可以提供故障警告,并且可以通过再次接通继电器来供应充电电压。
从本发明可获得的效果不受上述效果的限制,并且本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员从以下描述可以清楚地理解其它未提及的效果。
附图说明
通过下文结合附图所呈现的详细描述将会更为清楚地理解本发明的以上和其它目的、特征以及其它优点,在这些附图中:
图1为根据本发明的示例性实施方案的用于控制车辆的低压DC-DC转换器的系统的配置框图;
图2为详细地示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的图1所示的用于控制车辆的低压DC-DC转换器的系统的各个控制器之间的连接关系的配置框图;
图3为示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的用于控制车辆的低压DC-DC转换器的方法的流程图;以及
图4为示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的图3的控制车辆的低压DC-DC转换器的方法中的各个配置元件的操作时序的曲线图。
具体实施方式
应当理解,本文所使用的术语“车辆”或“车辆的”或其它类似术语一般包括机动车辆,例如包括运动型多用途车辆(SUV)、大客车、大货车、各种商用车辆的乘用汽车,包括各种舟艇、船舶的船只,航空器等等,并且包括混合动力车辆、电动车辆、插电式混合动力电动车辆、氢动力车辆以及其它替代性燃料车辆(例如源于非化石的能源的燃料)。正如此处所提到的,混合动力车辆是具有两种或更多动力源的车辆,例如汽油动力和电力动力两者的车辆。
尽管示例性实施方案描述为使用多个单元来执行示例性过程,但是可以理解,示例性过程也可以由一个或更多个模块执行。另外,可以理解,术语控制器/控制单元指的是包括存储器和处理器的硬件装置。该存储器配置为存储模块,并且处理器具体配置为运行所述模块以执行以下进一步描述的一个或更多个过程。
此外,本发明的控制逻辑可以实施为包含由处理器、控制器/控制单元等执行的可执行程序指令的计算机可读介质上的非瞬态计算机可读介质。计算机可读介质的示例包括但不限于ROM、RAM、光盘(CD)-ROM、磁带、软盘、闪盘驱动器、智能卡和光学数据存储装置。计算机可读记录介质还可以分布在网络连接的计算机系统上,使得计算机可读介质例如通过远程信息处理服务器或控制器局域网(CAN)以分布方式存储和执行。
本文所使用的术语仅用于描述具体实施方案的目的,并且不旨在限制本发明。正如本文所使用的,单数形式“一”、“一个”和“所述”旨在也包括复数形式,除非上下文另有明确指示。还将理解,当在本说明书中使用术语“包含”和/或“包括”时,指明存在所述特征、数值、步骤、操作、元件和/或组件,但是不排除存在或添加一种或更多种其它的特征、数值、步骤、操作、元件、组件和/或其群体。正如本文所使用的,术语“和/或”包括一种或更多种相关列举项的任何和所有组合。
除非特别声明或者从上下文显而易见的,本文所使用的术语“大约”理解为在本领域的正常公差范围内,例如在2个平均值的标准差内。“大约”可理解为在指定值的10%、9%、8%、7%、6%、5%、4%、3%、2%、1%、0.5%、0.1%、0.05%或0.01%之内。除非从上下文清楚地看出,否则本文所提供的所有数值都可以通过术语“大约”进行修改。
下文中,将参考附图详细描述根据本发明的各个示例性实施方案的控制车辆的低压DC-DC转换器的系统及方法。
图1为根据本发明的示例性实施方案的用于控制车辆的低压DC-DC转换器的系统的配置框图。参考图1,根据本发明的示例性实施方案的用于控制车辆的低压DC-DC转换器的系统可以包括:主电池10、低压直流-直流(DC-DC)转换器20、电气装置50、第一继电器60、辅助电池40、以及控制器70和控制器80;所述低压DC-DC转换器20配置为将主电池10的电压转换为低电压并且输出该低电压;所述电气装置50连接到低压DC-DC转换器20的输出端子;所述第一继电器60的第一端子连接到低压DC-DC转换器20的输出端子;所述辅助电池40连接到第一继电器60的第二端子;所述控制器70和控制器80配置为当辅助电池40充电至预设的参考值时,关断第一继电器60,并且配置为在对主电池10充电时,操作低压DC-DC转换器20以输出能够运行电气装置50的最小电压。
主电池10是这样的能量供应装置:其配置为向驱动电机(未示出)供应电力,并且可以利用从外部(例如,外部充电装置)供应的电力来充电,所述驱动电机配置为生成用于电动车辆或插电式混合动力车辆的驱动动力。电动车辆或插电式混合动力车辆可以包括车载充电器(OBC)30,所述车载充电器(OBC)30配置为将从外部设备供应的交流(AC)电力转换为直流(DC)电力并且将该DC电力提供给要充电的主电池10。
低压DC-DC转换器(LDC)20可以配置为将主电池10的高电压转换为可以施加到辅助电池40或电气装置50的低电压。低压DC-DC转换器20可以包括:电路单元和电源电路芯片;所述电路单元是通过应用本领域公知的各种DC转换器拓扑而实现的;所述电源电路芯片向配置为操作电路单元中包括的开关元件的微处理器和低压DC-DC转换器20内的其它部件(例如,微处理器)提供电力。
低压DC-DC转换器20中包括的微处理器可以通过从外部控制器70和80提供的指令来操作。例如,微处理器可以配置为接收关于是否进行操作的控制指令,并且可以配置为从外部控制器的车辆控制器(Vehicle Control Unit,VCU)或混合控制器(Hybrid ControlUnit,HCU)80接收输出电压指令。与此相关联,微处理器可以配置为利用预设的控制算法来对电路单元内的开关元件执行脉冲宽度调制或频率调制控制,从而调节低压DC-DC转换器20以输出期望大小的电压。
用于实现低压DC-DC转换器20的电路单元的各种拓扑以及与之相关联的输出电压/电流控制方法在本领域中是公知的,因此,将不再详细描述。另外,稍后将详细描述应用于本发明的各个示例性实施方案的低压DC-DC转换器20内的微处理器和电源电路芯片。
辅助电池40可以配置为向应用于车辆的各种电气装置50供应电力,并且辅助电池40可以与电气装置50连接到DC转换器20的输出端子。辅助电池40可以通过从DC转换器20输出的电流来充电,并且可以通过提供在电气装置50中使用的电力来放电。
具体地,在本发明的示例性实施方案中,辅助电池40可以经由第一继电器60连接到低压DC-DC转换器20的输出端子。换句话说,低压DC-DC转换器20的输出端子与辅助电池40之间的电连接可以通过由控制器70接通/关断的第一继电器60来确定。另外,电气装置50可以连接到低压DC-DC转换器20的输出端子,而不是连接到辅助电池40和第一继电器60的端子。换句话说,当第一继电器60处于接通状态时,可以通过将低压DC-DC转换器20和辅助电池40共同连接到电气装置50而向电气装置50供应来自低压DC-DC转换器20和辅助电池40的电力,并且当第一继电器60处于关断状态时,可以向电气装置50供应从低压DC-DC转换器20输出的电力。
同时,低压DC-DC转换器20与第一继电器60连接的节点N1可以连接到充电电力线(通常,称为IG3电源),该充电电力线用于向通过外部设备对主电池10充电时运行的各种控制器和部件提供电力。另外,低压DC-DC转换器20与辅助电池40连接的节点N2可以连接到恒定电力线(通常,称为B+电源),该恒定电力线供应恒定的电力,而与车辆的运行状态无关。
控制器70和控制器80可以配置为操作上述低压DC-DC转换器20,并且接通和关断第一继电器60。控制器可以理解为这样一个概念:其统称为涉及执行低压DC-DC转换器20的操作和第一继电器60的状态的所有控制器,执行低压DC-DC转换器20的操作的控制器例如为安装在车辆内的车辆控制单元(VCU)或混合控制单元(HCU)80或集成控制单元(ICU)70。本发明的各种示例性实施方案可以在通过从外部充电设备供应的电力对主电池进行充电的同时,基于辅助电池40的状态来调节低压DC-DC转换器20的输出电压。
响应于确定出OBC 30操作为在通过从外部充电设备供应的充电电力对主电池进行充电的同时需要对辅助电池40进行充电,控制器70和控制器80可以配置为将第一继电器60保持在接通状态,并且操作低压DC-DC转换器20以输出能够对辅助电池40充电的电压(例如,大于从辅助电池40的端子输出的电压的电压)。控制器70和控制器80可以配置为监测辅助电池40的电量状态(SOC),当辅助电池40充电至预设的参考值或更大(或完全充电)时,控制器可以配置为关断第一继电器60,以使辅助电池40与低压DC-DC转换器20相互断开。
如上所述,当辅助电池40的充电完成并且与低压DC-DC转换器20的电连接被阻断时,低压DC-DC转换器20可以配置为操作以保持能够作为电力提供给电气装置50的大小的输出电压。换句话说,当保持辅助电池40与低压DC-DC转换器20之间的连接时,低压DC-DC转换器20必须保持与辅助电池40的电压相同的输出电压,以防止辅助电池40放电。
在另一个示例中,当低压DC-DC转换器20在保持辅助电池40与低压DC-DC转换器20之间的连接的同时保持小于辅助电池40电压的输出电压时,电气装置50可以配置为利用储存在辅助电池40中的电力进行操作。在以上两个示例中,电气装置50可以配置为:在辅助电池40处于完全充电状态时,通过供应与辅助电池40的电压相对应的大小的电压来操作电气装置50。通常,辅助电池40的电压大于电气装置50的电压,因此,由于向电气装置50提供更大的电压,电力消耗增加。
本发明的各种示例性实施方案在辅助电池40完全充电之后通过第一继电器60隔离辅助电池40,并且通过操作低压DC-DC转换器20以输出小于辅助电池40的电压的电压(即,输出电气装置50可以工作的最小电压)、利用低压DC-DC转换器20的输出电压向电气装置50供应电力。因此,本发明的各种示例性实施方案可以配置为供应比辅助电池40连接到低压DC-DC转换器20的输出端子的状态更低的电力,从而可以减少电气装置50的电力消耗。
同时,当阻断辅助电池40与低压DC-DC转换器20的输出端子之间的电连接并且低压DC-DC转换器20中发生故障从而无法输出正常电压时,可以将由低压DC-DC转换器20的输出端子提供的电压(即,IG3电源的充电电压)运行的控制器或装置配置为在故障发生时停止操作。这里,无法记录或存储故障发生的诊断代码,并且也无法警报故障。因此,本发明的示例性实施方案通过适当地设置低压DC-DC转换器20内的电源电路芯片与微处理器之间的连接关系解决了由于故障发生而导致的上述问题。
图2为详细地示出图1所示的用于控制车辆的低压DC-DC转换器的系统的各个控制器之间的连接关系的配置框图。参考图2,本发明的示例性实施方案可以进一步包括第二继电器100,第二继电器100的第一端子连接第一继电器60的第一端子所连接的节点,即,第二继电器100连接到第一继电器60与低压DC-DC转换器20的输出端子连接的节点,并且第二继电器100的第二端子连接到用于供应充电电压的充电电力线(IG3电源)。另外,根据本发明的示例性实施方案,低压DC-DC转换器20可以包括:电源电路芯片21、微处理器23以及或逻辑门90;所述电源电路芯片21配置为向低压DC-DC转换器20提供电力;所述微处理器23配置为通过被供应来自电源电路芯片21的电压来操作低压DC-DC转换器20;所述或逻辑门90配置为生成用于确定电源电路芯片21的操作的触发信号。
电源电路芯片21是配置为向设置在低压DC-DC转换器20中的微处理器23以及其它部件供应电力的集成电路,并且电源电路芯片21可以配置为接收从第一继电器60与辅助电池40的连接节点N2供应的恒定电力。电源电路芯片21可以包括用于接收确定其操作的触发信号的端子。当输入接通状态的触发信号(例如,与电压相关的高电平信号)时,电源电路芯片21可以配置为开始操作,并且当输入关断状态的触发信号(例如,接地信号或与负信号相关联的低电平信号)时,电源电路芯片21可以配置为停止操作。
微处理器23可以包括配置为执行用于操作低压DC-DC转换器20的计算或算法的处理器。具体地,结合本发明的特征,当接收到来自电源电路芯片21的电力时,微处理器23可以配置为输出操作保持信号。微处理器23可以配置为在接收来自电源电路芯片21的电力的同时持续地输出与电压相关联的高电平信号作为操作保持信号。
当主电池10利用从外部充电设备供应的电力开始充电时,控制器70可以配置为接通第二继电器100,以激活充电电力线(IG3电源),从而供应充电电压。本文中,第一继电器60处于接通状态,从而将辅助电池40与低压DC-DC转换器20的输出端子电连接。
高电平信号可以通过激活充电电力线(IG3电源)输入到或逻辑门90的第一输入端子,从而使电源电路芯片21开始操作。当电源电路芯片21操作时,电源电路芯片21可以配置为向微处理器23供应电力,并且接收电力的微处理器23可以配置为输出高电平的操作保持信号。从微处理器23输出的操作保持信号可以提供给或逻辑门90的另一个输入端子。
如上所述,当对主电池10充电的同时因为辅助电池40完全充电而关断第一继电器60时,辅助电池40被隔离,并且充电电压(IG3电源)可以通过低压DC-DC转换器20的输出电压来供应。当在低压DC-DC转换器20中发生故障而无法提供正常的输出时,也无法正常地供应充电电压(IG3电源)。通常,当上述充电电压(IG3电源)没有正常地供应时(例如,发生错误或故障),充电阶段可以在此刻停止,因此会发生无法记录诊断代码或无法进行故障警报的状态。
然而,根据本发明的示例性实施方案,电源电路芯片的操作触发信号可以配置为通过提供给或逻辑门90的输入端子的微处理器23的操作保持信号来保持接通(on)状态,因此,电源电路芯片21可以配置为向低压DC-DC转换器20内的微处理器23等正常并且持续地供应电力。相应地,微处理器23可以配置为检测故障,利用预设的算法确定并存储故障诊断代码,并且向外部上层控制器警报该故障。
此外,接收恒定电力(B+)的控制器70可以配置为接收配置为使处于关断状态的第一继电器60接通的微处理器23所输出的故障发生警告,然后恢复充电电压(IG3电源)。因此,控制器70可以配置为通过车辆的音频视频导航(AVN)系统显示故障,以使驾驶员检测到故障的发生。另外,控制器70可以配置为基于预定的过程执行适当的后续动作,例如,停止OBC 30或低压DC-DC转换器20的正常操作、对OBC 30或低压DC-DC转换器20进行初始化等。
如上所述,当在阻断了与辅助电池40的连接的同时利用低压DC-DC转换器20的输出电压来供应电力时,即使低压DC-DC转换器20中发生故障,本发明的示例性实施方案也可以配置为通过向低压DC-DC转换器20内的微处理器23持续地提供电能来确定并且存储故障诊断代码、向外部上层控制器70警报该故障,并且稳定停止对主电池的充电。
图3为示出根据本发明的示例性实施方案的控制车辆的低压DC-DC转换器的方法的流程图,图4为示出图3的控制车辆的低压DC-DC转换器的方法中的各个配置元件的操作时序的曲线图。参考图3和图4,根据本发明的示例性实施方案的控制车辆的低压DC-DC转换器的方法可以从步骤S11开始:在步骤S11中,当主电池通过定时器设置或用户输入利用从外部充电设备供应的电力而开始充电时,通过由控制器70接通第二继电器100来供应充电电压(IG3电源)。具体地,S11对应于图4的时刻“T1”。
随后,在S12中,通过充电电压(IG3电源)运行的充电相关部件和控制器开始操作,并且充电电压(IG3电源)可以供应到或逻辑门90的第一输入端子,因此,内部电力可以由低压DC-DC转换器20的电源电路芯片21来供应。随后,在S13中,微处理器23可以配置为接收来自电源电路芯片21的电力,并且微处理器23可以配置为输出高电平的操作保持信号。因此,微处理器23可以配置为基于控制器70和控制器80的指令来操作低压DC-DC转换器20,并且辅助电池40可以配置为开始充电。当然,在S13中,OBC 30开始操作,并且主电池10也开始充电。具体地,S13对应于图4的时刻“T2”。
随后,在S14中,控制器70可以配置为监测辅助电池40的电量状态(SOC),并且在S15中,当辅助电池40充电至预设的参考值时,控制器80可以配置为关断第一继电器60并且减小低压DC-DC转换器20的输出电压指令,以减小低压DC-DC转换器20的输出电压,因此,低压DC-DC转换器20可以配置为输出能够运行电气装置50的最小电压。显然,S15对应于图4的时刻“T3”。
随后,在S16中,如果在主电池10完全充电之前第一继电器60断开时低压DC-DC转换器20发生故障,从而低压DC-DC转换器20无法正常输出电压,如上所述,电源电路芯片的操作触发信号可以配置为通过提供给或逻辑门90的另一输入端子的微处理器23的操作保持信号来保持接通状态,因此,电源电路芯片21可以配置为向低压DC-DC转换器20内的微处理器23等正常并且持续地供应电力。相应地,在S17中,微处理器23可以配置为检测故障,利用预设的算法来确定并存储故障诊断代码,并且向外部上层控制器70输出低压DC-DC转换器的操作已经停止的警报。显然,S17可以从发生低压DC-DC转换器20的故障的图4的时刻“T4”开始执行。
随后,在S18中,接收恒定电力(B+电力)的控制器70可以配置为接收从微处理器23提供的故障发生警告,使处于关断状态的第一继电器60接通,并且恢复充电电压(IG3电源)。因此,控制器70可以配置为通过车辆的音频视频导航(AVN)系统显示故障的发生,以使驾驶员检测到故障发生。另外,控制器70可以配置为基于预定的过程执行适当的后续动作,例如,停止OBC 30或低压DC-DC转换器20的正常操作、对OBC 30或低压DC-DC转换器20进行初始化等。具体地,S18可以从低压DC-DC转换器20的故障已经发生之后的图4的时刻“T5”开始。
尽管出于说明的目的已公开了本发明的示例性的实施方案,但是本领域技术人员应当理解,各种修改、添加和替换是可能的,而不脱离所附权利要求中所公开的本发明的范围和精神。

Claims (14)

1.一种用于控制车辆的低压直流-直流转换器的系统,其包括:
低压直流-直流转换器,其配置为将主电池的电压转换为低电压并且输出所述低电压;
电气装置,其连接到低压直流-直流转换器的输出端子;
第一继电器,其第一端子连接到低压直流-直流转换器的输出端子;
辅助电池,其连接到第一继电器的第二端子;以及
控制器,其配置为:在对主电池充电的同时辅助电池充电至预设的参考值或更大时,关断第一继电器并且操作低压直流-直流转换器以输出能够运行所述电气装置的最小电压。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于控制车辆的低压直流-直流转换器的系统,其中,当主电池通过从外部充电设备接收充电电力而开始充电时,所述控制器配置为从第一继电器的第一端子供应充电电压,以向主电池充电时操作的控制器提供电力。
3.根据权利要求2所述的用于控制车辆的低压直流-直流转换器的系统,其进一步包括:
第二继电器,所述第二继电器的第一端子连接到第一继电器的第一端子,所述第二继电器的第二端子连接到用于提供充电电压的充电电力线;
其中,所述控制器配置为:在主电池开始充电时接通第二继电器,以供应充电电压。
4.根据权利要求2所述的用于控制车辆的低压直流-直流转换器的系统,其中,所述低压直流-直流转换器包括:
电源电路芯片,其配置为向低压直流-直流转换器供应电力;以及
微处理器,其配置为通过供应来自电源电路芯片的电压来操作低压直流-直流转换器;
所述电源电路芯片通过连接到第一继电器的第二端子来供应来自辅助电池的恒定电压,并且配置为通过接收触发信号而向微处理器提供或阻断电压。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用于控制车辆的低压直流-直流转换器的系统,其中,所述微处理器配置为在接收到电压时输出操作保持信号;所述低压直流-直流转换器进一步包括或逻辑门,所述或逻辑门配置为接收充电电压和操作保持信号作为输入,并且向电源电路芯片提供触发信号作为输出。
6.根据权利要求5所述的用于控制车辆的低压直流-直流转换器的系统,其中,所述微处理器配置为:当低压直流-直流转换器中发生低压直流-直流转换器无法生成输出电压的故障时,存储故障诊断代码并且将故障警报信号发送到控制器。
7.根据权利要求6所述的用于控制车辆的低压直流-直流转换器的系统,其中,所述控制器配置为:在接收到故障警报信号之后接通第一继电器。
8.一种控制车辆的低压直流-直流转换器的方法,其中,所述方法利用以下装置执行:低压直流-直流转换器,其将主电池的电压转换为低电压并输出所述低电压;电气装置,其连接到低压直流-直流转换器的输出端子;第一继电器,其第一端子连接到低压直流-直流转换器的输出端子;以及辅助电池,其连接到第一继电器的第二端子;所述方法包括:
当主电池通过从外部充电设备接收充电电力而开始充电时,通过处理器监测辅助电池的电量状态;
当对辅助电池充电至预设的参考值或更大时,通过处理器关断第一继电器,并且操作低压直流-直流转换器以输出能够运行所述电气装置的最小电压。
9.根据权利要求8所述的方法,其进一步包括:
在监测辅助电池的电量状态之前,当主电池开始充电时,从第一继电器的第一端子提供充电电压,以向主电池充电时操作的控制器供应电力。
10.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中,在提供充电电压的步骤中,通过接通第二继电器来供应充电电压,所述第二继电器的第一端子连接到第一继电器的第一端子,所述第二继电器的第二端子连接到用于供应充电电压的充电电力线。
11.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其进一步包括:
在操作低压直流-直流转换器之后,当低压直流-直流转换器中发生低压直流-直流转换器无法生成输出电压的故障时,存储故障诊断代码并且生成故障警报信号。
12.根据权利要求11所述的方法,其进一步包括:
在生成故障警报信号之后,接通第一继电器。
13.根据权利要求9所述的方法,其中,所述低压直流-直流转换器包括:
电源电路芯片,其配置为向低压直流-直流转换器供应电力,其中,通过触发信号确定是否供应电力;
微处理器,其配置为通过供应来自电源电路芯片的电压来操作低压直流-直流转换器,并且在接收到所述电压时输出操作保持信号;以及
或逻辑门,其配置为接收充电电压和操作保持信号作为输入,并且输出触发信号作为输出。
14.根据权利要求13所述的方法,其中,在监测辅助电池的电量状态之前,所述方法进一步包括:
通过在或逻辑门的第一输入端子接收充电电压,由或逻辑门生成接通状态的触发信号,从而由电源电路芯片提供电压;
通过接收来自电源电路芯片的电压,由微处理器输出操作保持信号,并且将所述操作保持信号提供到或逻辑门的第二输入端子。
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