CN111864396A - Novel fractal circular patch antenna - Google Patents
Novel fractal circular patch antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN111864396A CN111864396A CN202010866795.XA CN202010866795A CN111864396A CN 111864396 A CN111864396 A CN 111864396A CN 202010866795 A CN202010866795 A CN 202010866795A CN 111864396 A CN111864396 A CN 111864396A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q9/00—Electrically-short antennas having dimensions not more than twice the operating wavelength and consisting of conductive active radiating elements
- H01Q9/04—Resonant antennas
- H01Q9/0407—Substantially flat resonant element parallel to ground plane, e.g. patch antenna
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
- H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel fractal circular patch antenna, which comprises a fractal circular patch antenna, a substrate, a feeder line and a floor, wherein the substrate is provided with a substrate; the fractal circular patch antenna is characterized in that a fractal circular hole is dug in the edge of a basic circle with the radius of R along the circumferential direction, the fractal iteration factor is 1/n, n is 3, and R is 15 mm; the ideal first-order fractal is a round hole with the radius of R/3 and tangent to a 360-degree 3-unit circumferential array on the inner side of the circumference of the basic circle, the second-order fractal is a round hole with the radius of R/9 and tangent to two sides of a first-order fractal circle respectively along the circumference with the radius of 2R/3 on the basis of the first order, and a 360-degree 3-unit circumferential array is formed; in practical application, the center of the first-order and second-order fractal circles moves outwards by delta along the radial direction1The second-order fractal circle has a radius of 2R/3+ delta1The circumference rotates an angle alpha towards the inner side of the first-order fractal circle. The feed line is formed by connecting linear and circular microstrip lines in a coupling feed mode, and the feed line is solidIn example A1＝0.11mm，α≈0.9424°。
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a patch antenna, in particular to a novel fractal circular patch antenna.
Background
The patch antenna is widely used in the field of communications, is an antenna with a small profile and easy to conform, but for a low frequency band below a radio frequency band, such as an L-band, a plane size is large, and it is often desired that the plane size is more miniaturized.
A circular antenna is often used in a patch antenna, and a circular antenna of a low frequency band such as an L-band also has a problem of a relatively large planar size.
There is a method of miniaturization using a fractal approach for a square patch antenna, but there is a few fractal methods for a circle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel fractal circular patch antenna to solve the problem of miniaturization of the conventional circular patch antenna.
Therefore, the invention provides a novel fractal circular patch antenna which comprises a fractal circular patch antenna (1), a substrate (2), a feeder (3), a floor (4) and the like.
According to the novel fractal circular patch antenna, the fractal circular patch antenna (1) is characterized in that fractal circular holes are dug in the circumferential direction on the edge of a complete basic circle with the reference radius R according to a fractal geometric theory, the fractal iteration factor is 1/n, n is a natural number greater than 2, the example R is 15mm, and the iteration factor is 1/3; the ideal first-order fractal is tangent to a circular hole with the radius of R/3 on the inner side of the circumference of the basic circle, and then a 360-degree 3-unit circumferential array is formed; on the basis of the ideal second-order fractal, a circular hole with the radius of (R/3)/3-R/9 is respectively tangent to two sides of a first-order fractal circle with the radius of R/3 along a circumference with the center of a basic circle with the radius of R as the center of a circle and the radius of 2R/3, and a 360-degree 3-unit circumferential array is also formed, so that the ideal second-order fractal can be … with the third order and the fourth order; in practical application, the circle center position of the ideal first-order fractal circular hole is moved outwards along the radial direction by delta1Cutting with the basic circle in an intersecting way to ensure that the basic circle with the radius of R and the first-order fractal circle with the radius of R/3 are broken and locally and integrally self-similar; in practical application, the second-order fractal circular holes on two sides of the first-order fractal circular hole also move to the outside in the radial direction by delta on the basis of the ideal second-order fractal circular hole tangent to the ideal first-order fractal circular hole1While the radius is 2R/3+ delta1The circle rotates an angle alpha towards the inner side of the first-order fractal circular hole with the radius of R/3, and the first-order fractal circular hole with the radius of R/3 is intersected and cut, so that the first-order fractal circular hole with the radius of R/3 and the second-order fractal circular hole with the radius of R/9 are broken and are locally and integrally self-similar, and so on, three-order … … and four-order … … can be realized; examples of the invention Δ1The fractal circular patch antenna (1) is 0.01mm thick and made of gold, wherein the thickness of the fractal circular patch antenna is 0.11mm, and alpha is approximately equal to 0.9424 degrees.
The novel fractal circular patch antenna is characterized in that the substrate (2) is silicon dioxide with the side length of 55mm square and the thickness of 1.5mm, and the fractal circular patch antenna (1) is positioned in the center of the upper surface of the substrate (2).
The novel fractal circular patch antenna is characterized in that a feeder (3) is positioned in the middle of a first-order fractal circular round hole of a fractal circular patch antenna (1) on the upper surface of a substrate (2) and is coplanar with the fractal circular patch antenna (1), a coupling feed mode is adopted, the feeder (3) is formed by connecting a section of linear microstrip line and a section of annular microstrip line, the center line of the linear microstrip line, the center of a circle of the annular microstrip line, the center of a basic circle of the fractal circular patch antenna (1) and the center of the first-order fractal circular circle are aligned, the circle of the annular microstrip line and the first-order fractal circular round hole of the fractal circular patch antenna (1) are concentric, the line widths of the linear microstrip line and the annular microstrip line are equal, and the line width of the microstrip line and the diameter; according to the embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the feeder (3) is 0.01mm, the line width of the first-order fractal circular patch antenna feeder (3) is 0.05mm, the outer contour diameter of the circular section microstrip line is 4.84mm, the line width of the second-order fractal circular patch antenna feeder (3) is 0.03mm, the outer contour diameter of the circular section microstrip line is 4.77mm, and the feeder (3) is made of gold.
The novel fractal circular patch antenna is characterized in that the floor (4) is made of gold with the side length of 55mm square and the thickness of 0.01mm, and is positioned on the lower surface of the substrate (2) and aligned with the substrate (2).
According to the novel fractal circular patch antenna, a comparison reference is that gold is used as a material, a round patch antenna with a radius of R15 mm and a thickness of 0.01mm and a complete basic circle is a silicon dioxide substrate with the same side length of 55mm square and a thickness of 1.5mm, a floor is made of gold with a side length of 55mm square and a thickness of 0.01mm, the basic circular patch antenna is located in the center of the upper surface of the substrate, and the floor is located on the lower surface of the substrate and is aligned with the substrate; the feed mode is coupled feed, a feed line is positioned on the upper surface of the base and is coplanar with the circular patch antenna and is formed by connecting a straight microstrip line and an arc microstrip line, the tail end of the straight microstrip line is connected with the arc midpoint of the arc microstrip line of the circular segment, the center line of the straight microstrip line, the arc midpoint of the arc microstrip line of the circular segment are aligned with the circle center of the basic circular patch antenna, the arc of the arc microstrip line is concentric with the circle of the basic circular patch antenna, the thickness of the feed line is 0.01mm, the line width is 0.08mm, the radius of the inner side of the arc microstrip line is 15.
According to the novel fractal circular patch antenna, a first-order fractal circular patch antenna applied in practice is subjected to simulation calculation by HFSS electromagnetic field simulation software and resonates at 2.20GHZ, and the return loss of S11 is-25.411825 db; the second-order fractal circular patch antenna is subjected to simulation calculation by HFSS electromagnetic field simulation software and resonates at 1.97GHZ, and the return loss of S11 is-18.8136 db; comparing a round patch antenna with a reference radius of R and a complete basic circle, and simulating and calculating the resonance at 2.85GHZ by HFSS electromagnetic field simulation software, wherein the return loss of S11 is-17.280718 db; the first-order fractal circular patch antenna is equivalent to 22.8% of size reduction relative to a circular patch antenna with a 15mm basic circle as the reference radius, and the second-order fractal circular patch antenna is equivalent to 30.9% of size reduction relative to a circular patch antenna with a R basic circle as the reference radius.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the second-order practical application fractal circle patch antenna of the specific embodiment of the invention and an ideal second-order fractal circle shape schematic diagram;
FIG. 2: the first-order practical application fractal circular patch antenna and the ideal first-order fractal circular shape are schematically shown in the specific embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3: the first-order practical application of the fractal circular patch antenna is schematically illustrated by a fractal circular patch antenna (1), a substrate (2), a feeder (3) and a floor (4);
FIG. 4: the fractal circular patch antenna (1), the substrate (2), the feeder (3) and the floor (4) of the fractal circular patch antenna are actually applied in the second order in the specific embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5: the schematic diagram of the ideal third-order fractal circle of the specific embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6: the first-order practical application fractal circular patch antenna in the HFSS simulation software has a three-dimensional model and an S11 parameter simulation result schematic diagram;
FIG. 7: the two-order practical application fractal circular patch antenna in the HFSS simulation software of the specific embodiment of the invention has a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model and an S11 parameter simulation result;
FIG. 8: in the specific embodiment of the invention, the comparison refers to a three-dimensional model of a complete basic circular patch antenna with the radius of 15mm in HFSS simulation software and a schematic diagram of S11 parameter simulation results;
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-7: according to the novel fractal circular patch antenna, the fractal circular patch antenna (1) is characterized in that fractal circular holes are dug in the circumferential direction on the edge of a complete basic circle with the reference radius R according to a fractal geometric theory, the fractal iteration factor is 1/n, n is a natural number greater than 2, the example R is 15mm, and the iteration factor is 1/3; the ideal first-order fractal is tangent to a circular hole with the radius of R/3 on the inner side of the circumference of the basic circle, and then a 360-degree 3-unit circumferential array is formed; on the basis of the ideal second-order fractal, a circular hole with the radius of (R/3)/3-R/9 is respectively tangent to two sides of a first-order fractal circle with the radius of R/3 along a circumference with the center of a basic circle with the radius of R as the center of a circle and the radius of 2R/3, and a 360-degree 3-unit circumferential array is also formed, so that the ideal second-order fractal can be … with the third order and the fourth order; in practical application, the circle center position of the ideal first-order fractal circular hole is moved outwards along the radial direction by delta1Cutting with the basic circle in an intersecting way to ensure that the basic circle with the radius of R and the first-order fractal circle with the radius of R/3 are broken and locally and integrally self-similar; in practical application, the second-order fractal circular holes on two sides of the first-order fractal circular hole also move to the outside in the radial direction by delta on the basis of the ideal second-order fractal circular hole tangent to the ideal first-order fractal circular hole1While the radius is 2R/3+ delta1The circle rotates an angle alpha towards the inner side of the first-order fractal circular hole with the radius of R/3, and the first-order fractal circular hole with the radius of R/3 is intersected and cut, so that the first-order fractal circular hole with the radius of R/3 and the second-order fractal circular hole with the radius of R/9 are broken and are locally and integrally self-similar, and so on, three-order … … and four-order … … can be realized; examples of the invention Δ1The fractal circular patch antenna (1) is 0.01mm thick and made of gold, wherein the thickness of the fractal circular patch antenna is 0.11mm, and alpha is approximately equal to 0.9424 degrees.
As shown in fig. 3, 4, 6, and 7: the novel fractal circular patch antenna is characterized in that the substrate (2) is silicon dioxide with the side length of 55mm square and the thickness of 1.5mm, and the fractal circular patch antenna (1) is positioned in the center of the upper surface of the substrate (2).
As shown in fig. 3, 4, 6, and 7: the novel fractal circular patch antenna is characterized in that a feeder (3) is positioned in the middle of a first-order fractal circular round hole of a fractal circular patch antenna (1) on the upper surface of a substrate (2) and is coplanar with the fractal circular patch antenna (1), a coupling feed mode is adopted, the feeder (3) is formed by connecting a section of linear microstrip line and a section of annular microstrip line, the center line of the linear microstrip line, the center of a circle of the annular microstrip line, the center of a basic circle of the fractal circular patch antenna (1) and the center of the first-order fractal circular circle are aligned, the circle of the annular microstrip line and the first-order fractal circular round hole of the fractal circular patch antenna (1) are concentric, the line widths of the linear microstrip line and the annular microstrip line are equal, and the line width of the microstrip line and the diameter; according to the embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the feeder (3) is 0.01mm, the line width of the first-order fractal circular patch antenna feeder (3) is 0.05mm, the outer contour diameter of the circular section microstrip line is 4.84mm, the line width of the second-order fractal circular patch antenna feeder (3) is 0.03mm, the outer contour diameter of the circular section microstrip line is 4.77mm, and the feeder (3) is made of gold.
As shown in fig. 3, 4, 6, and 7: the novel fractal circular patch antenna is characterized in that the floor (4) is made of gold with the side length of 55mm square and the thickness of 0.01mm, and is positioned on the lower surface of the substrate (2) and aligned with the substrate (2).
As shown in fig. 8: according to the novel fractal circular patch antenna, a comparison reference is that gold is used as a material, a round patch antenna with a radius of R15 mm and a thickness of 0.01mm and a complete basic circle is a silicon dioxide substrate with the same side length of 55mm square and a thickness of 1.5mm, a floor is made of gold with a side length of 55mm square and a thickness of 0.01mm, the basic circular patch antenna is located in the center of the upper surface of the substrate, and the floor is located on the lower surface of the substrate and is aligned with the substrate; the feed mode is coupled feed, a feed line is positioned on the upper surface of the base and is coplanar with the circular patch antenna and is formed by connecting a straight microstrip line and an arc microstrip line, the tail end of the straight microstrip line is connected with the arc midpoint of the arc microstrip line of the circular segment, the center line of the straight microstrip line, the arc midpoint of the arc microstrip line of the circular segment are aligned with the circle center of the basic circular patch antenna, the arc of the arc microstrip line is concentric with the circle of the basic circular patch antenna, the thickness of the feed line is 0.01mm, the line width is 0.08mm, the radius of the inner side of the arc microstrip line is 15.
As shown in fig. 6-8: according to the novel fractal circular patch antenna, a first-order fractal circular patch antenna applied in practice is subjected to simulation calculation by HFSS electromagnetic field simulation software and resonates at 2.20GHZ, and the return loss of S11 is-25.411825 db; the second-order fractal circular patch antenna is subjected to simulation calculation by HFSS electromagnetic field simulation software and resonates at 1.97GHZ, and the return loss of S11 is-18.8136 db; comparing a round patch antenna with a reference radius of R and a complete basic circle, and simulating and calculating the resonance at 2.85GHZ by HFSS electromagnetic field simulation software, wherein the return loss of S11 is-17.280718 db; the first-order fractal circular patch antenna is equivalent to 22.8% of size reduction relative to a circular patch antenna with a 15mm basic circle as the reference radius, and the second-order fractal circular patch antenna is equivalent to 30.9% of size reduction relative to a circular patch antenna with a R basic circle as the reference radius.
The processing precision can be improved by adopting the processing mode of the MEMS.
Claims (3)
1. A novel fractal circular patch antenna comprises a fractal circular patch antenna (1), a substrate (2), a feeder (3) and a floor (4); the fractal circular patch antenna is characterized in that the fractal circular patch antenna (1) is a novel fractal circular shape based on a fractal geometric theory, a fractal circular hole is dug in the circumferential direction on the edge of a complete basic circle with the reference radius R, the fractal iteration factor is 1/n, n is a natural number greater than 2, the example R of the fractal circular patch antenna is 15mm, and the iteration factor is 1/3; the ideal first-order fractal is tangent to a circular hole with the radius of R/3 on the inner side of the circumference of the basic circle, and then a 360-degree 3-unit circumferential array is formed; on the basis of the ideal second-order fractal, a circular hole with the radius of (R/3)/3-R/9 is respectively tangent to two sides of a first-order fractal circle with the radius of R/3 along a circumference with the center of a basic circle with the radius of R as the center of a circle and the radius of 2R/3, and a 360-degree 3-unit circumferential array is also formed, so that the ideal second-order fractal can be … with the third order and the fourth order; in practical application, the circle center position of the ideal first-order fractal circular hole is moved outwards along the radial direction by delta1Cutting with the basic circle in an intersecting way to ensure that the basic circle with the radius of R and the first-order fractal circle with the radius of R/3 are broken and locally and integrally self-similar; two on two sides of first-order fractal circular hole in practical applicationThe first-order fractal circular hole also moves to the radial outer side by delta on the basis of the ideal second-order fractal circular hole tangent to the ideal first-order fractal circular hole1While the radius is 2R/3+ delta1The circle rotates an angle alpha towards the inner side of the first-order fractal circular hole with the radius of R/3, and the first-order fractal circular hole with the radius of R/3 is intersected and cut, so that the first-order fractal circular hole with the radius of R/3 and the second-order fractal circular hole with the radius of R/9 are broken and are locally and integrally self-similar, and so on, three-order … … and four-order … … can be realized; examples of the invention Δ1The fractal circular patch antenna (1) is 0.01mm thick and made of gold, wherein the thickness of the fractal circular patch antenna is 0.11mm, and alpha is approximately equal to 0.9424 degrees.
2. The novel fractal circular patch antenna is characterized in that the feeder (3) is positioned in the middle of a first-order fractal circular hole of the fractal circular patch antenna (1) on the upper surface of the substrate (2) and is coplanar with the fractal circular patch antenna (1), a coupling feed mode is adopted, the feeder (3) is formed by connecting a section of linear microstrip line and a section of annular microstrip line, the center line of the linear section of the microstrip line, the center of the annular section of the microstrip line, the basic circle center of the fractal circular patch antenna (1) and the center of the first-order fractal circular hole are aligned, the circle of the annular section of the microstrip line and the first-order fractal circular hole of the fractal circular patch antenna (1) are concentric, the line widths of the linear section of the microstrip line and the annular section of the microstrip line are equal, and the line width and the diameter; according to the embodiment of the invention, the thickness of the feeder (3) is 0.01mm, the line width of the first-order fractal circular patch antenna feeder (3) is 0.05mm, the outer contour diameter of the circular section microstrip line is 4.84mm, the line width of the second-order fractal circular patch antenna feeder (3) is 0.03mm, the outer contour diameter of the circular section microstrip line is 4.77mm, and the feeder (3) is made of gold.
3. The novel fractal circular patch antenna as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antenna has a size reduction effect with respect to a full reference basic circular patch antenna, and the first-order fractal circular patch antenna for practical application resonates at 2.20GHZ through simulation calculation of HFSS electromagnetic field simulation software, and the return loss of S11 is-25.411825 db; the second-order fractal circular patch antenna is subjected to simulation calculation by HFSS electromagnetic field simulation software and resonates at 1.97GHZ, and the return loss of S11 is-18.8136 db; comparing a round patch antenna with a reference radius of R and a complete basic circle, and simulating and calculating the resonance at 2.85GHZ by HFSS electromagnetic field simulation software, wherein the return loss of S11 is-17.280718 db; the first-order fractal circular patch antenna is equivalent to 22.8% of size reduction relative to a circular patch antenna with a 15mm basic circle as the reference radius, and the second-order fractal circular patch antenna is equivalent to 30.9% of size reduction relative to a circular patch antenna with a R basic circle as the reference radius.
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| CN113745826A (en) * | 2021-08-25 | 2021-12-03 | 电子科技大学 | Elliptical fractal circular patch antenna |
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