CN111864360B

CN111864360B - MIMO combined antenna

Info

Publication number: CN111864360B
Application number: CN202010921859.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 温寨峰; 杨伟城; 俞江
Original assignee: Shenzhen Dingyao Science & Technologies Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Dingyao Science & Technologies Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-09-04
Filing date: 2020-09-04
Publication date: 2022-09-27
Anticipated expiration: 2040-09-04
Also published as: CN111864360A

Abstract

The utility model provides a MIMO combined antenna, this MIMO combined antenna includes communication antenna, and communication antenna has from top to bottom coaxial order distribution's last awl cavity, well awl cavity and lower awl cavity, and the awl end of going up the awl cavity coincides with the awl end of well awl cavity mutually, and the vertex of a cone of lower awl cavity passes through the vertex of a cone of coaxial dielectric column connection well awl cavity. Because the communication antenna adopts a coaxial three-cone structure form, a closed double-cone cavity is formed at the top of the communication antenna, the electromagnetic field current distribution strength at the top of the communication antenna is reduced and changed, the isolation degree among all the antennas in the combined antenna is effectively improved, the mutual influence among the antennas is reduced, a plurality of antennas are conveniently integrated in a space formed by an antenna outer cover and an antenna bottom plate at smaller intervals to form an integrated multi-band miniaturized MIMO combined antenna, and the MIMO combined antenna further has the conditions of being applied to various fields of mobile communication, wireless access, navigation positioning, tracking monitoring and the like.

Description

MIMO combined antenna

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of satellite navigation systems and mobile communication, in particular to a Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) combined antenna.

Background

With the development of economy and science technology, networks have become a key component in daily life and work of people, and especially with the rapid development of wireless access technology and satellite navigation positioning technology, the application scenarios of joint networking such as 5G, WiFi, navigation positioning and the like are more and more, and the joint networking mode can effectively optimize the whole network due to various advanced technologies, so that the joint networking mode can provide more convenience for people and is a trend of network development in the future. In the present society with more and more limited spectrum resources, the MIMO (i.e., Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) antenna system can greatly improve the channel capacity and communication quality of the network system, and thus well meets the communication requirements, and is widely applied to the base station and the mobile terminal, and becomes one of the core technologies of the 5G mobile communication system.

At present, an MIMO antenna system usually comprises a plurality of antenna units with the same and/or different operating frequency bands, each antenna unit usually adopts a linear layout, and is affected by the structural and performance differences of the antenna units, the unreasonable layout of the antenna units, and other factors, and if the antenna system formed by the plurality of antenna units is intensively placed in a device (such as a mobile terminal) with extremely limited size and space, the isolation and radiation efficiency of the antenna system are extremely likely to deteriorate; on the contrary, if the distance between the antenna units is extended to obtain a higher isolation degree of the antenna system, the size of the antenna system is increased, which is not favorable for the miniaturization application of the antenna system.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing a communication antenna and a MIMO combined antenna applying the communication antenna so as to improve the isolation between the antennas.

According to a first aspect, there is provided in one example a MIMO combined antenna comprising an antenna substrate, an antenna housing fixedly connected to the antenna substrate and forming an internal chamber, and a communication antenna located within the internal chamber, the communication antenna comprising: the antenna comprises a coaxial medium column, an upper cone cavity with an upward cone top, a middle cone cavity with a downward cone top and a lower cone cavity with an upward cone top, wherein the upper cone cavity, the middle cone cavity and the lower cone cavity are sequentially distributed from top to bottom and are coaxially connected, the cone bottom of the upper cone cavity coincides with the cone bottom of the middle cone cavity, the cone top of the middle cone cavity is electrically connected with the lower cone cavity through the coaxial medium column, and the lower cone cavity is fixedly connected onto an antenna base plate.

In one embodiment, the navigation antenna and the cluster joint are arranged on the antenna bottom plate and positioned in the built-in cavity, the navigation antenna is positioned in the central area of the antenna bottom plate, and the cluster joint and the navigation antenna are distributed eccentrically;

the communication antennas are at least two and are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the navigation antenna in the horizontal direction, and the coaxial dielectric column and the navigation antenna are respectively and electrically connected with the bundling joint.

In one embodiment, the navigation antenna comprises a microstrip antenna, an antenna substrate and a low noise amplifier, wherein a support rack is arranged in the central area of the antenna substrate, the antenna substrate is erected on the antenna substrate through the support rack and is electrically connected with the bundling joint, and the microstrip antenna is welded on the antenna substrate through a feed pin and is in signal connection with the low noise amplifier.

In one embodiment, the WIFI wireless sensor further comprises a WIFI antenna, wherein the WIFI antenna comprises a printing array sub-sheet, and the printing array sub-sheet is electrically connected with the bundling joint; and at least one support frame is respectively arranged on the antenna bottom plate and on two sides of the navigation antenna in the vertical direction, and a printing array sub-sheet is fixed on each support frame.

In one embodiment, the cluster joint comprises a cluster sleeve penetrating through the antenna bottom plate, radio frequency cables penetrating through the cluster sleeve along the axial direction of the cluster sleeve and filling the potting adhesive in a cavity of the cluster sleeve, and the navigation antenna, the communication antenna and the WIFI antenna are all connected with one radio frequency cable in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

In one embodiment, the upper conical cavity, the middle conical cavity and the lower conical cavity are in a circular cone structure or a prismatic cone structure with a conical cavity.

In one embodiment, the device further comprises a test piece, and the test piece is mounted on the outer side face of at least one of the upper cone cavity, the middle cone cavity and the lower cone cavity.

In one embodiment, the support column further comprises at least two support columns which are uniformly distributed around the lower cone cavity, the middle cone cavity is provided with limiting counter bores which are distributed along the direction parallel to the axial direction of the middle cone cavity, the bottom ends of the support columns are connected with the edge of the bottom of the lower cone cavity, the top ends of the support columns sequentially penetrate through the limiting counter bores and the side face of the upper cone cavity and are distributed, and the top ends of the support columns are provided with limiting parts of which the outer diameters are larger than the apertures of the limiting counter bores.

In one embodiment, a plurality of first connecting lugs are circumferentially arranged on the edge of the cone bottom of the lower cone cavity, and the first connecting lugs are fixedly connected with the antenna bottom plate; the edge is provided with the second engaging lug at the awl bottom of well awl cavity, the second engaging lug is coaxial distribution with one of them first engaging lug, first engaging lug passes through the spliced pole with the second engaging lug and links as an organic wholely.

According to a second aspect, there is provided in an embodiment a communications antenna comprising: the coaxial medium column, the upward upper cone cavity of awl top, awl top down well awl cavity and the upward lower cone cavity of awl top, upper cone cavity, well awl cavity and the lower cone cavity of awl top down distribute and three coaxial coupling in proper order from top to bottom, coincide mutually with the awl end of well awl cavity at the awl end of upper cone cavity, the awl top of well awl cavity is through coaxial medium column and lower cone cavity electric connection.

According to the MIMO combined antenna of the above embodiment, the communication antenna adopts a coaxial three-cone structure mainly composed of an upper cone cavity, a middle cone cavity and a lower cone cavity, a closed biconical cavity is formed at the top of the communication antenna, and compared with a single cone or a biconical structure, because the electromagnetic field current distribution strength at the top of the communication antenna is reduced and changed, the isolation between the antennas in the combined antenna is effectively improved, the mutual influence among the antennas is reduced, a plurality of antennas are conveniently integrated in a space formed by the antenna housing and the antenna bottom plate at smaller intervals, thereby creating conditions for forming the integrated multi-band miniaturized MIMO combined antenna, and further, the MIMO combined antenna has the condition of being applied to various fields such as mobile communication, wireless access, navigation positioning, tracking monitoring and the like.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural assembly diagram of a communication antenna according to an embodiment.

Fig. 2 is a schematic axial sectional structure view of the communication antenna of an embodiment, which uses the upper cone cavity as an axis.

Fig. 3 is an exploded view of a communication antenna according to an embodiment.

Fig. 4 is a schematic axial sectional view of a communication antenna according to an embodiment, the axial sectional view taking a supporting column as an axis.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural assembly diagram of a MIMO combined antenna according to an embodiment.

Fig. 6 is an exploded view of a MIMO combined antenna according to an embodiment.

Fig. 7 is a schematic plane structure diagram of a MIMO combined antenna according to an embodiment after removing an antenna cover.

Fig. 8 is a schematic axial sectional view of a MIMO combined antenna of an embodiment, the axial sectional view taking a navigation antenna as an axis.

Fig. 9 is an axial cross-sectional structure diagram of the MIMO combined antenna of an embodiment, which uses the bundling joint as an axis.

Fig. 10 is a waveform diagram illustrating simulated isolation of a MIMO combined antenna employing a communication antenna of an embodiment.

Fig. 11 is a simulated waveform diagram of the simulated isolation of the MIMO combined antenna using the bicone scheme.

In the figure:

100. a communication antenna; 110. a coaxial dielectric column; 120. an upper cone cavity; 130. a middle cone cavity; 131. limiting counter bores; 132. a second engaging lug; 140. a lower cone cavity; 141. a first connecting lug; 142. positioning the counter bore; 150. adjusting a test piece; 160. a support pillar; 161. a limiting member; 170. connecting columns;

200. an antenna chassis; 210. a support stand; 220. a support frame; 230. a waterproof ring; 240. a vent valve; 250. an insulating pad;

300. an antenna housing;

400. a navigation antenna; 410. a microstrip antenna; 420. an antenna substrate;

500. a cluster joint; 510. a bundling sleeve; 520. a radio frequency cable; 530. pouring a sealant;

600. a WIFI antenna; 610. printing array pieces;

700. the cable assembly is patch connected.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings. Wherein like elements in different embodiments are numbered with like associated elements. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a better understanding of the present application. However, those skilled in the art will readily recognize that some of the features may be omitted or replaced with other elements, materials, methods in different instances. In some instances, certain operations related to the present application have not been shown or described in detail in order to avoid obscuring the core of the present application from excessive description, and it is not necessary for those skilled in the art to describe these operations in detail, so that they may be fully understood from the description in the specification and the general knowledge in the art.

Furthermore, the features, operations, or characteristics described in the specification may be combined in any suitable manner to form various embodiments. Also, the various steps or actions in the method descriptions may be transposed or transposed in order, as will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art. Thus, the various sequences in the specification and drawings are for the purpose of describing certain embodiments only and are not intended to imply a required sequence unless otherwise indicated where such sequence must be followed.

The numbering of the components as such, e.g., "first", "second", etc., is used herein only to distinguish the objects as described, and does not have any sequential or technical meaning. The term "connected" and "coupled" when used in this application, unless otherwise indicated, includes both direct and indirect connections (couplings).

Most of communication antennas used in current cellular systems are single-cone or double-cone schemes, and such schemes, when existing independently or applied, exhibit superior performance (such as signal receiving range, pattern performance, etc.); when the array antenna technology is adopted to integrate the single cone or biconical communication antenna with other antennas and form a MIMO antenna system, the MIMO antenna system easily presents the problems of extremely deteriorated isolation and radiation efficiency; for the reason, the following is an example of applying a biconical antenna (which mainly comprises two cones with opposite cone tops, wherein, for the following description, the lower cone is defined as a lower cone, and the upper cone is defined as an upper cone) to a MIMO antenna system, and the following is mainly given: because the top of the upper cone is in an open-type bell mouth structure, the electromagnetic field current distribution at the bell mouth position is in a divergent type or an open type, at this time, when the biconical antenna and other antennas are arranged in an array antenna mode, it is usually required to ensure that the distance between the array antennas (or array units, unit antennas) is greater than or equal to 0.5 λ (λ is the wavelength of the central frequency of the working frequency band of the unit antennas), so that effective isolation can be obtained between the array antennas, and once the distance between the array antennas is unreasonable, the isolation of the antenna system and the radiation efficiency can be extremely deteriorated. Under the condition of ensuring that various performances (such as signal receiving range, directional diagram performance and the like) of the communication antenna are not negatively affected, the three coaxially distributed conical cavities form the main body of the communication antenna, and the closed biconical cavity (which can be understood as a closed loop structure) is formed at the top of the main body.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, an embodiment of a communication antenna 100 includes a cable connection post 110 for interfacing with a radio frequency cable, and an upper conical cavity 120, a middle conical cavity 130, and a lower conical cavity 140, which are coaxially arranged from top to bottom and respectively have conical cavities. Wherein:

the top of the upper cone cavity 120 and the top of the lower cone cavity 140 are both upward, the top of the middle cone cavity 130 is downward, the bottom of the upper cone cavity 120 coincides with the bottom of the middle cone cavity 130 to form a double-cone cavity therebetween, and the upper cone cavity 120, the middle cone cavity 130 and the lower cone cavity 140 are coaxially connected in a detachable or non-detachable fixed manner; for example, in some embodiments, the three or two of the three or two of the three or the two of the three of the two of the three are non-detachable-connected in an integrally-formed manner.

The vertex of the middle cone cavity 130 is electrically connected to the vertex of the lower cone cavity 140 through the coaxial dielectric pillar 110, and as an optional mode, a main body portion of the coaxial dielectric pillar 110 is fixedly locked inside the vertex side of the lower cone cavity 140 by a screw or the like, and an end portion of the coaxial dielectric pillar is inserted into the vertex side of the middle cone cavity 130 through the vertex of the lower cone cavity 140.

Because the communication antenna 100 is mainly formed by combining three conical cavities, the single conical cavity of the lower conical cavity 140 and the double conical cavity formed by combining the upper conical cavity 120 and the middle conical cavity 130 together are used for sending and receiving communication signals, and because the double conical cavities are in a closed loop structure, the electromagnetic field current distribution intensity at the bell mouth position of the middle conical cavity 130 is reduced and changed, when the double conical cavities are combined with other antennas to form an MIMO antenna system, the isolation between the antennas can be effectively improved, the antennas can be conveniently distributed at smaller intervals, and conditions are created for forming a miniaturized, integrated and multi-band MIMO antenna. Meanwhile, compared with a single cone or a double cone structure, the frequency bandwidth range, the received signal range and the directional pattern performance of the communication antenna 100 with three conical cavities are not adversely affected, so that the communication antenna 100 can meet the requirements of 5G communication data transmission. In addition, the communication antenna 100 is more convenient to apply, install, disassemble, replace and maintain to the antenna itself by adopting a conical structure.

In this embodiment, the upper cone cavity 120, the middle cone cavity 130 and the lower cone cavity 140 are all circular cone structures with conical cavities, and the sizes of the cones are substantially the same. Of course, in other embodiments, the tapered sizes of the upper tapered cavity 120, the middle tapered cavity 130 and the lower tapered cavity 140 may be different, and a prismatic tapered structure may also be adopted.

In an embodiment, referring to fig. 1, fig. 3 and fig. 4, a debugging member 150 is installed on an outer side surface of at least one of the upper cone cavity 120, the middle cone cavity 130 and the lower cone cavity 140, and the frequency band or frequency of the communication antenna 100 can be adjusted and corrected by the debugging member 150 according to actual situations, where the adjustable and corrected frequency band (including the radio frequency) may include: CDMA800, GSM900, EGSM900, GSM-R; DCS1800, CDMA2000, WCDMA, FDD-LTE, TD-LTE (B7, B34, B38, B39, B40, B41), TD-SCDMA (B34, B39), 2.4GHz WIFI, 5G (N1, N41, N78, N79) and the like. In addition, the adjusting member 150 is a V-like folded plate structure and is screwed and locked on the outer side surface of the lower cone cavity 140; wherein, the mentioned "V-like" shape can also be understood or replaced by the "C-like" shape, the "L-like" shape, etc.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1 to 4, the communication antenna 100 further includes at least two supporting pillars 160 uniformly distributed around the lower cone cavity 140, the middle cone cavity 130 is provided with limiting counterbores 131 distributed along an axial direction parallel to the middle cone cavity, a bottom end of the supporting pillar 160 is connected with a bottom edge of the lower cone cavity 140, a top end portion of the supporting pillar 160 sequentially penetrates through the limiting counterbores 131 and a side surface of the upper cone cavity 120 to be distributed, and a limiting member 161 having an outer diameter larger than an aperture of the limiting counterbores 131 is disposed at the top end portion of the supporting pillar 160 and below the limiting counterbores 131. Under the condition of ensuring that the upper cone cavity 120, the middle cone cavity 130 and the lower cone cavity 140 are coaxially and sequentially distributed, the upper conical cavity 120 and the middle conical cavity 130 can be assembled and combined into a complete double-conical cavity structure independent of the lower conical cavity 140 by the support pillars 160 and the connecting members (such as non-metal nuts made of plastic), the double-cone cavity structure is mounted above the lower cone cavity 140 in a suspended manner by using the size difference between the limiting member 161 and the limiting counter bore 131, therefore, structural firmness of the antenna components can be guaranteed, the communication antenna 100 can be conveniently assembled and applied as a complete independent structure, and a sufficient space distance can be created for assembling the coaxial dielectric rod 110 between the cone top of the middle cone cavity 130 and the lower cone cavity 140 and adjusting the axial position (such as the depth of the top end of the coaxial dielectric rod 110 penetrating into the middle cone cavity 130). In addition, the limiting member 161 may be an independent member, or may be realized by reducing the diameter of the supporting pillar 160.

In this embodiment, the supporting pillars 160 are four in total and distributed in an annular array, the positioning counter bores 142 having a smaller diameter than the outer diameter of the bottom end of the supporting pillars 160 are disposed at the edge of the bottom of the lower cone cavity 140, and the main body of the supporting pillars 160 penetrates through the positioning counter bores 142 to be distributed and the bottom ends of the supporting pillars 160 are limited in the positioning counter bores 142, so that the lower cone cavity 140 can have a distance for performing axial position movement between the bottom end of the supporting pillars 160 and the middle cone cavity 130, and the three cone cavities can be conveniently and rapidly assembled or disassembled for maintenance. In other embodiments, the number of the supporting pillars 160 may be actually selected according to the design and application of the communication antenna 100, such as three, five, six, etc., and the supporting pillars 160 may be connected to the lower tapered cavity 140 in a detachable manner, such as a snap-fit manner, or in an undetachable manner, such as an integral molding manner.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the second connection lug 132 is disposed on the periphery of the cone bottom of the middle cone cavity 130, correspondingly, the first connection lug 141 is disposed on the periphery of the cone bottom of the lower cone cavity 140 and coaxially disposed with the second connection lug 132, and the second connection lug 132 and the first connection lug 131 are connected together by the connection post 170. The specific structural configuration of the connection post 170 can be selected and set with reference to the support post 160, and the connection post 170 is mainly used to connect and fix the lower cone cavity 140 and the double cone cavity structure formed by combining the upper cone cavity 120 and the middle cone cavity 130 at a predetermined axial distance, so as to prevent the effect of the communication antenna 100 on receiving and transmitting signals from being affected by the relative position movement between the cone cavities in the axial direction. Meanwhile, the second engaging lug 132 can be arranged in a plurality of shapes and uniformly distributed around the lower cone cavity 140, at this time, the second engaging lug 132 and the first engaging lug 141 can be used for matching to provide a structural assembling space for the connecting column 170, and the whole cone-shaped structural assembly can be assembled and applied as a complete independent structural body through the second engaging lug 132.

In an embodiment, under the condition that the supporting pillar 160 and the connecting pillar 170 exist simultaneously, and the upper cone cavity 120, the middle cone cavity 130 and the lower cone cavity 140 are all independent structures, when the three are assembled and locked on a component such as the antenna base plate 200, the supporting pillar 160 can be used to determine the axial position relationship between the upper cone cavity 120 and the middle cone cavity 130, and after the lower cone cavity 140 is locked on a component such as the antenna base plate 200, the connecting pillar 170 can be used to determine the axial position relationship between the middle cone cavity 130 and the lower cone cavity 140, so that two restraining forces in opposite directions are formed on the middle cone cavity 130, thereby ensuring that the three cone cavities can form a structure with a more stable structure, and avoiding the axial position deviation or looseness among the three cavities.

Referring to fig. 5 and fig. 6, an embodiment provides a MIMO combined antenna, which includes an antenna base plate 200, an antenna housing 300 fixedly connected to the antenna base plate 200 and forming a built-in cavity, and a communication antenna 100 located in the built-in cavity, where the communication antenna 100 is the communication antenna of any of the above embodiments, a bottom of the lower tapered cavity 140 is fixedly connected to the antenna base plate 200, for example, the lower tapered cavity 140 is fastened to the antenna base plate 200 by metal screws distributed through the second connecting lug 132. Due to the existence of the communication antenna 100 and the structural characteristics of the three conical cavities, the communication antenna has better isolation with other antennas in the MIMO combined antenna, and is convenient for layout of each antenna at smaller intervals, so that conditions are created for the miniaturization, multi-band and integrated design of the whole MIMO combined antenna, and a foundation is created for improving the radiation efficiency of the whole MINO combined antenna.

In one embodiment, please refer to fig. 6 and 7, the MIMO combined antenna further includes a navigation antenna 400, a cluster joint 500 and a WIFI antenna 600 disposed on the antenna base plate 200 and located in the built-in cavity; the navigation antenna 400 is located in the central area of the antenna base plate 200, and the cluster joint 500 and the navigation antenna 400 are distributed eccentrically to each other; referring to fig. 7, the orthographic projection plane of the antenna base plate 200 (or the whole combined antenna) is taken as a reference plane area, and at this time, the navigation antenna 400 is located on the center point of the reference plane area, a horizontal line passing through the center point is defined as the horizontal direction of the navigation antenna 400, and a vertical line passing through the center point (i.e., a line orthogonally distributed to the horizontal line) is defined as the vertical direction of the navigation antenna 400; in this embodiment, the total number of the communication antennas 100 is four and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the horizontal direction of the navigation antenna 400, the total number of the WIFI antennas 600 is two and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the vertical direction of the navigation antenna 400, and each communication antenna 100 (specifically, the coaxial dielectric cylinder 110) and each WIFI antenna 600 are electrically connected to the bundling connector 500 through an independent patch cable assembly 700. In this embodiment, the antenna base 200 is a rectangular plate-shaped structure; of course, in other embodiments, the antenna base board 200 may also adopt a circular plate-shaped structural body or a polygonal plate-shaped structural body such as a regular octagon, and the specific number of the communication antennas 100 and the WIFI antennas 600 may also be selected according to actual situations such as the overall layout of the antenna units, for example, one, two, or 3 communication antennas 100 are disposed on each side of the navigation antenna 400 in the horizontal direction, and one, two, or 3 WIFI antennas 600 are disposed on each side of the navigation antenna 400 in the vertical direction.

Because communication antenna 100 has the characteristics of small space volume, high isolation performance and the like, when navigation antenna 400, WIFI antenna 600 and communication antenna 100 are integrated in the space formed by antenna housing 300 and antenna base plate 200, more reasonable arrangement space can be provided for other antennas, so that most of antennas can be arranged on antenna base plate 200 in a form similar to array distribution, the sufficient utilization of limited space is realized, the requirements of miniaturization and integrated design of the MIMO combined antenna are met, good isolation can be formed among antenna assemblies, and the mutual influence among the antenna assemblies is reduced.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 6 and 8, the navigation antenna 400 includes a microstrip antenna 410, an antenna substrate 420 and a low noise amplifier (not shown), the support stage 210 is disposed in the central region of the antenna base plate 200, the antenna substrate 420 is mounted on the antenna base plate 210 through the support stage 210 and electrically connected to the bundling connector 500, and the microstrip antenna 410 is soldered to the antenna substrate 420 through a feeding pin and is in signal connection with the low noise amplifier. The microstrip antenna 410 has a small size and light weight, and can easily obtain circular polarization and dual-frequency working characteristics; the low noise amplifier can reduce the interference of the noise to the signal and improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the output on one hand, and can amplify the antenna signal received by the microstrip antenna 410 on the other hand, so that the subsequent system can demodulate the signal of the navigation antenna 400 conveniently. In this embodiment, the microstrip antenna 410 may adopt a single-layer or double-layer design scheme to expand the bandwidth of the navigation antenna 400, for example, when a double-layer design scheme is adopted, the first layer may be set to a low frequency, and the second layer may be set to a high frequency; as for the feeding mode of the microstrip antenna 410, an odd number or an even number scheme may be adopted according to the actual situation. In addition, the navigation antenna 400 in this embodiment is a microstrip type GNSS antenna, the GNSS is a global navigation satellite system, the global navigation satellite system is a space-based radio navigation positioning system capable of providing all-weather 3-dimensional coordinates and speed and time information for users at any place on the earth surface or in the near-earth space, and the selected frequency band may include: GPS (L1/L2), BDS (B1/B2/B3), GLONASS (L1/L2), etc.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 6, the WIFI antenna 600 is mainly composed of a printed array sub-sheet 610, and the printed array sub-sheet 610 is electrically connected to the bundling joint 500 through the patch cable assembly 700; meanwhile, the antenna base plate 200 is provided with the supporting frames 220 corresponding to the printing array sub-sheets 610 one to one, the printing array sub-sheets 610 are locked on the supporting frames 220 through non-metal screws and the like, and the supporting frames 220 are locked on the antenna base plate 200 through non-metal screws and the like. Due to the fact that the printed array sub-sheet 610 is used as a core component of the WIFI antenna 600, the size of the antenna can be reduced while the radiation performance of the antenna is guaranteed. In this embodiment, the printed array sheet 610 may adopt a monopole, dipole, single helix, or the like according to actual conditions.

In one embodiment, referring to fig. 9, the bundling adapter 500 mainly includes a bundling sleeve 510 penetrating through the antenna substrate 200, a radio frequency cable 520 penetrating through the bundling sleeve 510 along an axial direction of the bundling sleeve 510, and a potting compound 530 filled in a cavity of the bundling sleeve 510; wherein, navigation antenna 400, communication antenna 100 and WIFI antenna are all connected with a radio frequency cable 520 in a one-to-one correspondence. Since the structural gap between the bundling sleeve 510 and the radio frequency cable 520 is sealed by using the potting adhesive 530 in a potting manner, the bundling joint 500 itself can be ensured to meet the waterproof requirement.

For the same reason, in this embodiment, a waterproof ring (not shown) may be provided between the cluster joint 500 and the antenna substrate 200 to enhance the waterproof performance between the cluster joint 500 and the antenna substrate 200. Referring to fig. 8 and 9, a waterproof ring 230 may be disposed between the antenna base plate 200 and the antenna housing 300, and the waterproof ring 230 may ensure that a sealed structural space is formed between the antenna base plate 200 and the antenna housing 300.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 6, an air vent valve 240 may be installed on the antenna base plate 200, so as to balance the internal space of the MIMO combined antenna with the external atmospheric pressure by using the air vent valve 240. Referring to fig. 8 and 9, an insulating pad 250 may be further attached to the bottom surface of the antenna base plate 200, such as by a silicone adhesive, so that the combined antenna has anti-slip and insulating properties from the outside by using the insulating pad 250. In addition, referring to fig. 6, the antenna housing 300 may be configured in a low wind resistance streamline structure, so that the entire MIMO combined antenna can be applied to a system or a terminal moving at a high speed, such as a high-speed rail car.

In addition, in the above embodiment, the isolation simulation test is performed on the MIMO combined antenna to obtain the simulated isolation waveform diagram shown in fig. 10; under the condition that the relevant conditions (the distance between the antennas, the arrangement position, the antenna shell and the like) are not changed, the three-cone communication antenna in the MIMO combined antenna is replaced by the two-cone antenna, and then the MIMO combined antenna is subjected to an isolation simulation test to obtain a simulation isolation simulation waveform diagram shown in fig. 11; from a comparison of fig. 10 and 11, it can be clearly found that: the MIMO combined antenna to which the communication antenna 100 of the above embodiment is applied has an isolation between antennas of-23 dB to-56 dB, and the MIMO combined antenna to which the bicone antenna is applied has an isolation between antennas of-17 dB to-48 dB; obviously, the isolation performance index of the MIMO combined antenna in the above embodiment is obviously improved.

The present invention has been described in terms of specific examples, which are provided to aid in understanding the invention and are not intended to be limiting. For a person skilled in the art to which the invention pertains, several simple deductions, modifications or substitutions may be made according to the idea of the invention.

Claims

1. The MIMO combined antenna comprises an antenna base plate (200), an antenna outer cover (300) fixedly connected with the antenna base plate (200) and forming a built-in cavity, and a communication antenna (100) positioned in the built-in cavity, and is characterized by further comprising a navigation antenna (400) and a WIFI antenna (600) which are arranged on the antenna base plate (200) and positioned in the built-in cavity, wherein the navigation antenna (400) is positioned in the central area of the antenna base plate (200), the communication antenna (100) is at least two and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the navigation antenna (400) in the horizontal direction, and the WIFI antenna (600) is at least two and symmetrically distributed on two sides of the navigation antenna (400) in the vertical direction;

the communication antenna (100) comprises: coaxial medium post (110), awl top up awl cavity (120), awl top down well awl cavity (130) and awl top up lower awl cavity (140), go up awl cavity (120), well awl cavity (130) and lower awl cavity (140) from top to bottom distribute and three coaxial coupling in proper order, the awl end of going up awl cavity (120) coincides mutually with the awl end of well awl cavity (130), the awl top of well awl cavity (130) passes through coaxial medium post (110) and bores cavity (140) electric connection down, awl cavity (140) fixed connection is on antenna bottom plate (200) down.

2. The MIMO combined antenna of claim 1, further comprising a cluster head (500) disposed on the antenna backplane (200) and located within the built-in chamber, wherein the cluster head (500) is eccentrically distributed with respect to the navigation antenna (400);

the coaxial dielectric column (110), the navigation antenna (400) and the WIFI antenna (600) are electrically connected with the bundling connector (500) respectively.

3. The MIMO combined antenna of claim 2, wherein the navigation antenna (400) comprises a microstrip antenna (410), an antenna substrate (420) and a low noise amplifier, the antenna substrate (200) is provided with a supporting rack (210) in a central region thereof, the antenna substrate (420) is erected on the antenna substrate (210) through the supporting rack (210) and electrically connected with the bundling joint (500), and the microstrip antenna (410) is soldered on the antenna substrate (420) through a feed pin and in signal connection with the low noise amplifier.

4. The MIMO combined antenna of claim 2, wherein the WIFI antenna (600) comprises a printed array sub-piece (610), the printed array sub-piece (610) being electrically connected to a cluster joint (500); the antenna base plate (200) is provided with at least one support frame (220) on the two sides of the navigation antenna (400) in the vertical direction, and a printing array sub-sheet (610) is fixed on each support frame (220).

5. The MIMO combined antenna according to claim 4, wherein the cluster joint (500) comprises a cluster sleeve (510) distributed throughout the antenna base plate (200), radio frequency cables (520) distributed throughout the cluster sleeve (510) along an axial direction of the cluster sleeve (510), and a potting adhesive (530) filled in a cavity of the cluster sleeve (510), and the navigation antenna (400), the communication antenna (100), and the WIFI antenna are all connected with one radio frequency cable (520) in a one-to-one correspondence manner.

6. The MIMO combined antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the upper tapered cavity (120), the middle tapered cavity (130) and the lower tapered cavity (140) are circular tapered structures or prismatic tapered structures having tapered cavities.

7. The MIMO combination antenna of any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a tuning piece (150), the tuning piece (150) being mounted on an outer side of at least one of the upper cone cavity (120), the middle cone cavity (130) and the lower cone cavity (140).

8. The MIMO combined antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising at least two supporting columns (160) uniformly distributed around the lower cone cavity (140), wherein the middle cone cavity (130) is provided with limiting counterbores (131) distributed along a direction parallel to an axial direction of the middle cone cavity, bottom ends of the supporting columns (160) are connected with a cone bottom edge of the lower cone cavity (140), top ends of the supporting columns (160) sequentially penetrate through the limiting counterbores (131) and a side face of the upper cone cavity (120), and top ends of the supporting columns (160) are provided with limiting pieces (161) having an outer diameter larger than an aperture of the limiting counterbores (131).

9. The MIMO combined antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, a plurality of first connecting lugs (141) are circumferentially arranged on the edge of the cone bottom of the lower cone cavity (140), and the first connecting lugs (141) are fixedly connected with the antenna base plate (200); the awl bottom edge of well awl cavity (130) is provided with second engaging lug (132), second engaging lug (132) are coaxial distribution with one of them first engaging lug (141), first engaging lug (141) link as an organic wholely through spliced pole (170) with second engaging lug (132).