CN111863990A - Thermal lamination method of thin film solar cell module - Google Patents
Thermal lamination method of thin film solar cell module Download PDFInfo
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- CN111863990A CN111863990A CN201910319153.5A CN201910319153A CN111863990A CN 111863990 A CN111863990 A CN 111863990A CN 201910319153 A CN201910319153 A CN 201910319153A CN 111863990 A CN111863990 A CN 111863990A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/0007—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding involving treatment or provisions in order to avoid deformation or air inclusion, e.g. to improve surface quality
- B32B37/003—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding involving treatment or provisions in order to avoid deformation or air inclusion, e.g. to improve surface quality to avoid air inclusion
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/06—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the heating method
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/0445—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells including thin film solar cells, e.g. single thin film a-Si, CIS or CdTe solar cells
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/18—Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment of these devices or of parts thereof
- H01L31/1876—Particular processes or apparatus for batch treatment of the devices
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product
Abstract
The application relates to a thermal lamination method of a thin film solar cell module, which comprises the following steps: conveying the thin film solar cell module to be laminated into a first laminating device of a laminating device, wherein the temperature of the first laminating device is controlled to be lower than the temperature of a cross-linking reaction of an adhesive layer in the thin film solar cell module to be laminated in the process; closing the laminating equipment, and transferring the thin film solar cell module to be laminated to a second laminating device of the laminating equipment; and heating the thin film solar cell module to be laminated by using the second laminating device, and pressing the thin film solar cell module to be laminated to carry out hot lamination. By adopting the thermal lamination method, the bonding layer is ensured not to be reacted or shrunk and deformed before thermal lamination, so that the problems of air bubble residue and wrinkle generation in the laminated product are avoided, and the product quality of the solar cell module is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of solar cell module manufacturing, in particular to a thermal lamination method of a thin film solar cell module.
Background
In the production process of a thin-film solar cell module, thermal lamination is a key step from raw materials to a finished solar cell panel, and generally, an upper packaging layer (such as glass, a transparent polymer composite film and the like), an upper bonding layer (such as EVA (copolymer of acetic acid and vinyl acetate)), a solar chip layer, a lower bonding layer (such as EVA) and a lower packaging layer (back sheet) are laminated together. The principle of the thermal lamination process in the production of the thin-film solar cell module is that a certain pressure is applied to the module to be laminated, the upper bonding layer and the lower bonding layer respectively generate a cross-linking reaction under the heating and pressurizing state, and the upper packaging layer and the lower packaging layer are tightly pressed together with the solar chip.
Currently, in the manufacture of solar cell modules, thermal lamination is performed using lamination equipment. The laminating apparatus generally comprises two laminating devices, for example an upper laminating device and a lower laminating device, which can be closed to form a sealed cavity. When hot lamination is carried out, the upper laminating device is heated to the hot lamination process temperature, or the lower laminating device and the upper laminating device are both heated to the hot lamination process temperature, then the solar cell module to be laminated is conveyed to the lower laminating device, and the subsequent lamination operation is carried out after the lamination equipment is closed.
However, during the transport of the battery assembly into the sub-lamination device, the sub-lamination device has already started to heat the battery assembly. When the packaging layer is made of glass, the temperature rise is slow due to the fact that the glass is thick, and the bonding layer cannot be affected in the process. When the packaging layer is a polymer composite film such as PET (polyethylene terephthalate), the packaging layer can be rapidly heated in the process of being transmitted into laminating equipment, and then the bonding layer is heated to generate a cross-linking reaction in advance, so that the surface of a product after final hot laminating processing has bad conditions such as bubbles, wrinkles, bonding strength and service life reduction, and the product quality is seriously influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a thermal lamination method of a thin film solar cell module, which aims to solve the problem that the bonding strength and the service life are reduced due to bubbles and wrinkles generated in the conventional thermal lamination.
The embodiment of the application provides the following specific technical scheme:
a thermal lamination method of a thin film solar cell module comprises the following steps:
conveying the thin film solar cell module to be laminated into a first laminating device of a laminating device, wherein the temperature of the first laminating device is controlled to be lower than the temperature of a cross-linking reaction of an adhesive layer in the thin film solar cell module to be laminated in the process;
Closing the laminating equipment, and transferring the thin film solar cell module to be laminated to a second laminating device of the laminating equipment;
and heating the thin film solar cell module to be laminated by using the second laminating device, and pressing the thin film solar cell module to be laminated to carry out hot lamination.
By adopting the scheme, the temperature of the first laminating device is controlled in the process of transmitting the thin-film solar cell module to be laminated into the first laminating device of the laminating equipment, so that the temperature is lower than the temperature of the bonding layer for cross-linking reaction, and the bonding layer is ensured not to react or shrink and deform before hot lamination, thereby avoiding the adverse conditions of bonding strength reduction, service life reduction and the like caused by residual bubbles and wrinkles in the laminated product, and improving the product quality of the cell module.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and drawings.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a thermal lamination method for a thin film solar cell module according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of a structure of a first laminating apparatus and a second laminating apparatus.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the described embodiments of the invention without any inventive step, are within the scope of protection of the invention.
The application provides a thermal lamination method of a thin film solar cell module, and a specific flow of the thermal lamination method is shown in fig. 1. As shown in fig. 1, the thermal lamination method of the thin film solar cell module of the present application includes the steps of:
step S1: the thin film solar cell module to be laminated is transported into a first laminating device of a laminating apparatus. In the process, the temperature of the first laminating device is controlled to be lower than the temperature of the cross-linking reaction of the bonding layer in the thin-film solar cell module to be laminated.
Step S2: and closing the laminating equipment, and transferring the thin-film solar cell module to be laminated to a second laminating device of the laminating equipment.
Step S3: and heating the thin film solar cell module to be laminated by using the second laminating device, and pressing the thin film solar cell module to be laminated to carry out hot lamination. In which the temperature of the second laminating apparatus is generally controlled to the thermal lamination process temperature, thereby providing the battery assembly with the heat required for thermal lamination. The thermal lamination process temperature is a temperature at which the bonding layer can be subjected to a crosslinking reaction, and may be set to be greater than or equal to the crosslinking reaction temperature of the bonding layer. For example, when the temperature at which the crosslinking reaction of the bonding layer occurs is 180 ℃, the thermal lamination process temperature may be set to 180 ℃ or 190 ℃. The temperature at which the crosslinking reaction occurs in the adhesive layer varies depending on the material of the adhesive layer, and for example, when EVA is used as the adhesive layer material, the temperature at which the crosslinking reaction occurs is 140 ℃.
In the embodiments of the present application, the arrangement direction of the first laminating device and the second laminating device is not limited. For example, the first laminating device and the second laminating device may be arranged in a vertical direction, the first laminating device being a lower laminating device and the second laminating device being an upper laminating device, or the first laminating device being an upper laminating device and the second laminating device being a lower laminating device. The first laminating device and the second laminating device may also be arranged in a horizontal direction, the first laminating device being a left laminating device and the second laminating device being a right laminating device, or the first laminating device being a right laminating device and the first laminating device being a left laminating device.
In the existing thermal lamination method, a solar cell module to be laminated is generally transmitted to a lower laminating device, in the process, the lower laminating device already starts to heat the module, and because a thin film type packaging layer is thin, the lower laminating device starts to generate a crosslinking reaction through the heat conducted from the packaging layer to an adhesive layer, and as a result, gas generated by the crosslinking reaction remains in a product to form bubbles, so that the product has wrinkles and the lamination quality is influenced. By adopting the thermal lamination method provided by the technical scheme, the temperature of the first laminating device in contact with the battery component is controlled to be lower than the temperature of the bonding layer for cross-linking reaction in the process of conveying the battery component into the laminating equipment, so that the bonding layer can be ensured not to have cross-linking reaction before thermal lamination, thereby avoiding residual bubbles in the laminated product and ensuring the lamination quality. And moreover, the second laminating device is used for providing heat for the battery assembly, the first device does not need to be heated, the laminating quality is guaranteed, meanwhile, the operation steps are simplified, and the energy consumption is saved.
In one embodiment of the present application, in step S1, the temperature of the first laminating device is controlled to be lower than half of the temperature at which the cross-linking reaction of the adhesive layer in the thin-film solar cell module to be laminated occurs. Further preferably, the temperature of the first laminating device is controlled to be about 40 ℃. The temperature of the first laminating device is controlled to be lower than one half of the temperature of the bonding layer for cross-linking reaction, the temperature is far lower than the temperature of the bonding layer for cross-linking reaction, the bonding layer is guaranteed not to be subjected to cross-linking reaction in the process of entering laminating equipment, the bonding layer is prevented from being subjected to uncontrollable thermal deformation due to rapid temperature rise, and the overall quality of the battery assembly is guaranteed.
In one embodiment of the present application, in step S2, the thin film solar cell module to be laminated is transferred to a second laminating device by a pressure difference between the second laminating device and the first laminating device.
As previously mentioned, a lamination apparatus generally comprises a first lamination device and a second lamination device. Fig. 2 shows a schematic view of a first laminating device and a second laminating device. As shown in fig. 2, the second laminating apparatus includes a second heating plate 101 and a second elastic plate 102, and a closed second chamber a is formed between the second heating plate 101 and the second elastic plate 102. The first laminating apparatus includes a first heating plate 201 and a first elastic plate 202, and a first sealed chamber B is formed between the first heating plate 201 and the first elastic plate 202. The second elastic plate 102 and the first elastic plate 202 are generally made of silicone. After the thin-film solar cell module to be laminated is conveyed to the first laminating device, the first laminating device and the second laminating device are combined to form a cavity, the second cavity A is exhausted, the first cavity B is inflated, the second laminating device is in a negative pressure state, and the first laminating device is in a pressurizing state. At this time, a pressure difference is formed between the second laminating device and the first laminating device, and under the pressure difference, the battery assembly is flatly pressed on the second elastic plate 102 by the first elastic plate 202, and the adhesive layer is heated by the second heating plate 101.
Of course, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that any other technical means may be used to transfer the solar cell module to the upper cavity, besides using the pressure difference between the second laminating device and the first laminating device. For example, a conveying mechanism can be arranged in the first laminating device, and the solar cell module is pushed to the second laminating device by the conveying mechanism and attached to the second laminating device until the thermal laminating process is finished.
In one embodiment of the present application, the pressure applied in pressing the thin film solar cell module to be laminated is 0.09-0.11 MPa. And (4) keeping the pressure value for a preset time according to different materials of the bonding layers, and thus, realizing the thermal lamination of the battery assembly. Wherein the pressure maintaining time is changed according to different materials of the bonding layer. For example, when EVA is used as the adhesive layer material, the dwell time is 16 minutes. In the present application, the pressing manner is not limited. For example, when the laminating apparatus has a structure including the first laminating device and the second laminating device as shown in fig. 2, the pressure difference between the second laminating device and the first laminating device is formed by evacuating the second chamber a, inflating the first chamber B, and is controlled to be in the range of 0.09 to 0.11MPa, at which time the first elastic plate moves the thin-film solar cell module to be laminated to the second laminating device while providing the pressure required for laminating the cell module.
Of course, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that any other technical means may be used to apply pressure to the solar cell module than by using the pressure difference between the second laminating device and the first laminating device. For example, a pressure applying device may be provided in the laminating apparatus, by which pressure is applied to the battery module after the solar cell module is transferred to the second laminating device.
In one embodiment of the present application, the thermal lamination method for a thin film solar cell module further includes: the second laminating device is preheated to the hot lamination process temperature before the thin film solar cell module to be laminated is transferred into the first laminating device of the laminating apparatus. Through preheating second lamination device in advance for solar module can heat the subassembly after being transferred to second lamination device, realizes quick production, improves production efficiency.
In one embodiment of the present application, the thermal lamination method for a thin film solar cell module further includes: and after the laminating equipment is closed, before the thin film solar cell module to be laminated is transferred to a second laminating device of the laminating equipment, vacuumizing the thin film solar cell module to be laminated. As mentioned above, the thin film solar cell module to be laminated generally includes a lower packaging layer, a lower bonding layer, a solar cell layer, an upper bonding layer and an upper packaging layer, which are sequentially laid from bottom to top, and air exists between the laid layers, and the air is vacuumized to discharge the air and the gas decomposed during the cross-linking reaction of the bonding layers, thereby improving the effect of thermal lamination and preventing air from remaining in the product to generate bubbles. Generally, a thin film solar cell module to be laminated is placed in a sealed chamber, and the sealed chamber is evacuated to achieve a desired exhaust treatment. When the laminating apparatus includes the first laminating means and the second laminating means as shown in fig. 2, the battery module is located in the cavity formed by the first laminating means and the second laminating means after the laminating apparatus is closed, and the cavity is vacuumized.
In one embodiment of the application, the thin film solar cell module to be laminated is transported in a translatory manner into a first laminating device of a laminating apparatus. The translation introduction mode reduces the bending damage to the thin-film solar cell module and reduces the labor intensity of operators. In the embodiment of the present application, any known manner capable of implementing translational transport may be used to implement transport of the thin film solar cell module. For example, a conveyor belt may be used to transport the battery assembly into the lamination apparatus.
When continuous thermal lamination treatment is required to be carried out on a plurality of thin film solar cell modules, after the thermal lamination is completed, the first laminating device is cooled to a temperature lower than the temperature of a cross-linking reaction of the bonding layers in the thin film solar cell modules to be laminated and is kept at the temperature. After the thermal lamination of one cell module is completed, the temperature of the first laminating device is reduced so that the adhesive layer of the next thin-film solar cell module to be laminated is not affected during the transfer between the first laminating device and the second laminating device. And, through cooling to first lamination device, the battery pack that accomplishes the hot lamination can be cooled by first lamination device simultaneously for cooling efficiency improves production efficiency.
Further preferably, in order to perform continuous thermal lamination treatment on a plurality of thin-film solar cell modules, the temperature of the second laminating device is always kept at the thermal lamination process temperature, so that the second laminating device does not need to be heated repeatedly, the working efficiency is improved, and the service life of laminating equipment is prolonged.
In one embodiment of the present application, the material of the adhesive layer is EVA, PVB (polyvinyl butyral), or POE (polyolefin elastomer). Because the bonding layer used as the packaging material has great influence on the efficiency and reliability of the solar cell module, the selection of a proper material is very important in the module design link. With respect to durability and safety, the adhesive layer must meet the requirements for long-term use under a variety of environmental and working conditions. Of the three bonding layer materials, EVA is the most widely used photovoltaic module packaging material in the world, and has excellent characteristics of excellent flexibility, impact resistance, elasticity, optical transparency, adhesion, environmental stress cracking resistance, weather resistance, heat sealing property and the like. Generally, an EVA film layer with the thickness of 0.5mm, which is added with an anti-ultraviolet agent, an antioxidant and a curing agent, is used as a bonding layer of the solar cell module to be hermetically bonded with the upper packaging layer and the lower packaging layer. PVB is a thermoplastic polymer that is a packaging material that is second only to EVA in processing and at a similar material cost to EVA. PVB has a UV transparency comparable to EVA, but the lamination process time is shorter than EVA, and therefore is also widely used for the encapsulation of solar modules. The POE material is a copolymer of ethylene and octene, has a saturated aliphatic chain structure, has fewer tertiary carbon atoms in a molecular chain, shows good weather resistance and ultraviolet aging resistance, has excellent heat resistance and low temperature resistance, and has the following advantages when being used as a packaging adhesive film of a solar cell module: 1. the water vapor permeability is low, and the water permeability of POE is only 1/10 of EVA; 2. high volume resistivity; 3. no acidic substance is released. These advantages ensure the safety of the assembly in operation in high temperature and high humidity environment and long-term aging resistance.
Of course, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that other thermoplastic type bonding materials, thermosetting type bonding materials, and cross-linking type bonding materials, in addition to the three bonding layer materials listed above, may be suitable for use as the bonding layer of the present invention.
The thermal lamination method of the present invention is explained below by using specific examples in combination with bonding layers of different materials. Meanwhile, for bonding layers of different materials, the prior art is adopted for hot lamination as a comparative example, so that the advantages of the hot lamination method are described. Among them, the laminating apparatuses used in the examples and comparative examples were laminating apparatuses including a first laminating device and a second laminating device having the structure shown in fig. 2, and among them, the first laminating device and the second laminating device were disposed in the vertical direction, and the second laminating device was located directly above the first laminating device.
Example 1
The adhesive layer used in this embodiment is made of EVA. The specific process of the thermal lamination method of the present embodiment is as follows:
the first heating plate is heated to 40 ℃, and the second heating plate is heated to 150-160 ℃.
The thin film solar cell module to be laminated is transported into a first laminating device so that it is positioned on a first elastic plate.
And closing the first laminating device and the second laminating device, and vacuumizing a sealed cavity formed between the first laminating device and the second laminating device to exhaust air in the battery assembly.
And exhausting the second chamber, inflating the first chamber to form a pressure difference of 0.1MPa between the second laminating device and the first laminating device, and transferring the battery assembly to the second laminating device under the action of the pressure difference. The second laminating device heated the cell assembly while maintaining the pressure difference of 0.1MPa for 17 minutes. The bonding layer of the thin-film solar cell module is subjected to cross-linking reaction at the process temperature of 150-160 ℃ and the pressure difference of 0.1MPa, so that hot lamination is realized.
After the thermal lamination is completed, the second chamber is inflated, and the first chamber is exhausted at the same time, so that the first elastic plate and the first heating plate can be attached tightly, the temperature of the first elastic plate is rapidly reduced, and the next thin-film solar cell module is prepared for thermal lamination.
Example 2
The bonding layer used in this embodiment is made of PVB. The specific process of the thermal lamination method of the present embodiment is as follows:
the first heating plate is heated to 50 ℃, and the second heating plate is heated to 160-170 ℃.
The thin film solar cell module to be laminated is transported into a first laminating device so that it is positioned on a first elastic plate.
And closing the first laminating device and the second laminating device, and vacuumizing a sealed cavity formed between the first laminating device and the second laminating device to exhaust air in the battery assembly.
And exhausting the second chamber, inflating the first chamber to form a pressure difference of 0.1MPa between the second laminating device and the first laminating device, and transferring the battery assembly to the second laminating device under the action of the pressure difference. The second laminating device heated the cell assembly while maintaining the pressure difference of 0.1MPa for 14 minutes. The bonding layer of the thin-film solar cell module reacts at the process temperature of 160-170 ℃ and the pressure difference of 0.1MPa to realize hot lamination.
After the thermal lamination is completed, the second chamber is inflated, and the first chamber is exhausted at the same time, so that the first elastic plate and the first heating plate can be attached tightly, the temperature of the first elastic plate is rapidly reduced, and the next thin-film solar cell module is prepared for thermal lamination.
Example 3
The bonding layer used in this embodiment is POE. The specific process of the thermal lamination method of the present embodiment is as follows:
the first heating plate is heated to 60 ℃ and the second heating plate is heated to 165-175 ℃.
The thin film solar cell module to be laminated is transported into a first laminating device so that it is positioned on a first elastic plate.
And closing the first laminating device and the second laminating device, and vacuumizing a sealed cavity formed between the first laminating device and the second laminating device to exhaust air in the battery assembly.
And exhausting the second chamber, inflating the first chamber to form a pressure difference of 0.1MPa between the second laminating device and the first laminating device, and transferring the battery assembly to the second laminating device under the action of the pressure difference. The second laminating device heats the battery assembly while maintaining the pressure difference of 0.1MPa for 13 minutes. The adhesive layer of the thin-film solar cell module reacts at the process temperature of 165-175 ℃ and the pressure difference of 0.1MPa to realize hot lamination.
After the thermal lamination is completed, the second chamber is inflated, and the first chamber is exhausted at the same time, so that the first elastic plate and the first heating plate can be attached tightly, the temperature of the first elastic plate is rapidly reduced, and the next thin-film solar cell module is prepared for thermal lamination.
Comparative example 1
EVA is used as the adhesive layer. The specific procedure of the thermal lamination method of this comparative example is as follows:
the first heating plate is heated to 150-160 ℃.
The thin film solar cell module to be laminated is transported into a first laminating device so that it is positioned on a first elastic plate.
And closing the first laminating device and the second laminating device, and vacuumizing a sealed cavity formed between the first laminating device and the second laminating device to exhaust air in the battery assembly.
And exhausting the first chamber, and inflating the second chamber to form a pressure difference of 0.1MPa between the first laminating device and the second laminating device, wherein the second elastic plate deforms under the action of the pressure difference and abuts against the battery component to apply pressure to the battery component. The first lamination device heats the cell assembly while maintaining the pressure difference of 0.1MPa for 17 minutes. The bonding layer of the thin-film solar cell module is subjected to cross-linking reaction at the process temperature of 150-160 ℃ and the pressure difference of 0.1MPa, so that hot lamination is realized.
And after the thermal lamination is finished, inflating the first cavity and the second cavity, and recovering the pressure of the sealing cavity between the first laminating device and the second laminating device to the atmospheric pressure, so as to take out the battery assembly.
Comparative example 2
EVA is used as the adhesive layer. The specific procedure of the thermal lamination method of this comparative example is as follows:
both the first heating plate and the second heating plate are heated to 150-160 ℃.
The thin film solar cell module to be laminated is transported into a first laminating device so that it is positioned on a first elastic plate.
And closing the first laminating device and the second laminating device, and vacuumizing a sealed cavity formed between the first laminating device and the second laminating device to exhaust air in the battery assembly.
And exhausting the first chamber, and inflating the second chamber to form a pressure difference of 0.1MPa between the first laminating device and the second laminating device, wherein the second elastic plate deforms under the action of the pressure difference and abuts against the battery component to apply pressure to the battery component. The first laminating device and the second laminating device heat the battery assembly while maintaining the pressure difference of 0.1MPa for 17 minutes. The adhesive layer of the thin-film solar cell module is subjected to a crosslinking reaction at a heating temperature of 150-160 ℃ and a pressure difference of 0.1MPa, so that hot lamination is realized.
And after the thermal lamination is finished, inflating the first cavity and the second cavity, and recovering the pressure of the sealing cavity between the first laminating device and the second laminating device to the atmospheric pressure, so as to take out the battery assembly.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example operates substantially the same as comparative example 1, except that: the bonding layer used in this comparative example was PVB, and the first heated plate was heated to 160 c-170 c for a lamination time of 14 minutes.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example operates substantially the same as comparative example 2, except that: the bonding layer used in this comparative example was PVB, and both the first heating plate and the second heating plate were heated to 160-170 ℃ for a lamination time of 14 minutes.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example operates substantially the same as comparative example 1, except that: the bonding layer used in this comparative example was POE, and the first hot plate was heated to 165-175 deg.C for a lamination time of 13 minutes.
Comparative example 6
The comparative example operates substantially the same as comparative example 2, except that: the bonding layer used in the comparative example was POE, and both the first heating plate and the second heating plate were heated to 165 ℃ to 175 ℃ for 13 minutes.
The adhesive layer materials used in the thermal lamination methods of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 6 have thermal shrinkability, and in the stage of evacuation by heating, since the adhesive layer has not yet generated adhesive force with the upper and lower sealing layers since evacuation is started but no pressure is applied, the adhesive layer is easily shrunk by heating to cause the adhesive layer to shrink into the upper and lower sealing layers, which is commonly called as shrink-in. The edges and corners of the product after thermal lamination contract inwards to cause wrinkles, so that the appearance of the product is influenced, water vapor is easy to invade into the product under severe conditions, the reliability of packaging is caused to lose efficacy, and the qualification rate of the packaging process is greatly influenced by the contraction problem of the bonding layer.
For this reason, shrinkage rates of the tie layers in the above examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 6 after completion of the thermal lamination were examined to illustrate the lamination effect of the present application and the prior art thermal lamination method in comparison.
The shrinkage rate was calculated according to the following calculation formula (1) and calculation formula (2):
in the formula:
MD-longitudinal shrinkage (%);
L0-the longitudinal length of the tie layer in millimeters (mm) before hot lamination;
l-the longitudinal length of the tie layer after thermal lamination, in millimeters (mm).
In the formula:
TD-transverse shrinkage (%);
B0-the transverse length of the tie layer before hot lamination in millimeters (mm);
b-the transverse length of the tie layer after hot lamination, in millimeters (mm).
The specific test results are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the test results in table 1, the shrinkage of the bonding layer is significantly less than that of the prior art thermal lamination when the thermal lamination method of the present application is used. Moreover, the shrinkage rates of the adhesive layers in examples 1-3 all satisfied the requirements of the relevant standards of adhesive layers for solar cell modules (GBT 29848-. In comparative examples 1 to 6, the shrinkage of the adhesive layer was significantly large and exceeded the requirements of the relevant standards, resulting in wrinkles and poor appearance quality in the assembly product subjected to thermal lamination, and the adhesive layer suffered from severe retraction, which failed to meet the overall quality requirements for the assembly.
It should be understood that the terms "first," "second," and the like, as used herein, do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above description is only for the convenience of understanding the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A thermal lamination method of a thin film solar cell module comprises the following steps:
conveying the thin film solar cell module to be laminated into a first laminating device of a laminating device, wherein the temperature of the first laminating device is controlled to be lower than the temperature of a cross-linking reaction of an adhesive layer in the thin film solar cell module to be laminated in the process;
closing the laminating equipment, and transferring the thin film solar cell module to be laminated to a second laminating device of the laminating equipment;
And heating the thin film solar cell module to be laminated by using the second laminating device, and pressing the thin film solar cell module to be laminated to carry out hot lamination.
2. The thermal lamination method for thin film solar cell modules as claimed in claim 1, wherein during the transfer of the thin film solar cell module to be laminated into the first laminating device of the laminating apparatus, the temperature of the first laminating device is controlled to be lower than half the temperature at which the cross-linking reaction of the adhesive layer in the thin film solar cell module to be laminated occurs.
3. The thermal lamination method of a thin film solar cell module as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thin film solar cell module to be laminated is transferred to a second lamination device of a lamination apparatus by a pressure difference between the first lamination device and the second lamination device.
4. The thermal lamination method for the thin film solar cell module according to claim 1, wherein the pressure applied in the pressing of the thin film solar cell module to be laminated is 0.09-0.11 MPa.
5. The thermal lamination method for thin film solar cell module as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
The second laminating device is preheated to the hot lamination process temperature before the thin film solar cell module to be laminated is transferred into the first laminating device of the laminating apparatus.
6. The thermal lamination method for thin film solar cell module as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
after closing the laminating equipment, before transferring the thin-film solar cell module to be laminated to a second laminating device of the laminating equipment, vacuumizing the thin-film solar cell module to be laminated.
7. The thermal lamination method for thin film solar cell modules as claimed in claim 1, wherein the thin film solar cell modules to be laminated are transported in a translatory manner into a first lamination device of a lamination apparatus.
8. The thermal lamination method for thin film solar cell module as claimed in claim 1, further comprising:
after the thermal lamination is completed, the first laminating device is cooled and kept at a temperature lower than the temperature of the cross-linking reaction of the bonding layer in the thin-film solar cell module to be laminated.
9. The thermal lamination method for thin film solar cell module as claimed in claim 8, wherein the temperature of the second lamination device is always maintained at the thermal lamination process temperature.
10. The thermal lamination method for thin-film solar cell modules as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the bonding layer is made of EVA, PVB or POE.
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| CN113972326A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-01-25 | 佛山仙湖实验室 | Perovskite solar cell module and packaging method thereof |
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| CN105097986A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2015-11-25 | 浙江尚越新能源开发有限公司 | Flexible film solar cell packaging method and solar cell |
| CN106340565A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-18 | 浙江尚越新能源开发有限公司 | Lamination technology suitable for flexible photovoltaic assembly |
| CN107833942A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-03-23 | 河北羿珩科技有限责任公司 | Multi-function laminating machine and its application method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105097986A (en) * | 2014-05-16 | 2015-11-25 | 浙江尚越新能源开发有限公司 | Flexible film solar cell packaging method and solar cell |
| CN106340565A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-18 | 浙江尚越新能源开发有限公司 | Lamination technology suitable for flexible photovoltaic assembly |
| CN107833942A (en) * | 2017-11-24 | 2018-03-23 | 河北羿珩科技有限责任公司 | Multi-function laminating machine and its application method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113972326A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-01-25 | 佛山仙湖实验室 | Perovskite solar cell module and packaging method thereof |
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