CN111859822B - Method for predicting generation amount of nitrogen oxides in glass melting furnace - Google Patents
Method for predicting generation amount of nitrogen oxides in glass melting furnace Download PDFInfo
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- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 330
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 130
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000007619 statistical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 210000000481 breast Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000005329 float glass Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen cyanide Chemical compound N#C LELOWRISYMNNSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004422 calculation algorithm Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005357 flat glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 fuel quantity Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005381 potential energy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for predicting the generation amount of nitrogen oxides in a glass melting furnace, which comprises the following steps: 1) Establishing a three-dimensional physical model of a glass melting furnace flame space according to the glass melting furnace, and determining fuel and related initial conditions and boundary conditions thereof; 2) Performing numerical simulation calculation on the model, and establishing a temperature field and an airflow field in a flame space of the glass melting furnace; 3) Calculating the concentration distribution of nitrogen oxides in the flame space of the glass melting furnace; 4) Obtaining a change curve of the generation amount of nitrogen oxides in the glass melting furnace along with the temperature through statistical analysis; 5) Correcting a curve of the change of the oxynitride concentration along with the temperature by using a measured value of the oxynitride concentration of the actual glass melting furnace to obtain a reference curve of the oxynitride concentration along with the change of the temperature in the glass melting furnace; 6) And obtaining the average temperature in the glass melting furnace, and predicting and obtaining the generation amount of nitrogen oxides in the glass melting furnace according to the reference curve. The invention provides a rapid and accurate prediction method for the generation amount of nitrogen oxides in a glass melting furnace.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an energy-saving and environment-friendly technology, in particular to a method for predicting the generation amount of nitrogen oxides in a glass melting furnace.
Background
Nitrogen oxides are one of the main emissions pollutants in glass melters. Three types of NOx are mainly produced during the production of float glass: "thermal NOx", "rapid NOx", and "fuel NOx". Thermal NOx "is formed by oxidation of nitrogen and oxygen in air at high temperature, and this type of NOx dominates when the temperature is higher than 1500 ℃, and the amount of NOx produced increases rapidly with increasing temperature; the rapid NOx is formed by reacting nitrogen in air with hydrocarbon in fuel to generate intermediate products and then further reacting with oxygen, wherein the generated amount of the rapid NOx in the glass melting furnace is small, and the total amount of generated NOx is not greatly influenced; the "fuel type NOx" is formed by oxidation reaction of nitrogen element in fuel, and its production amount in the glass melting furnace is related to the nitrogen element content in fuel, and the change with temperature is not obvious. As the average flame temperature in the flame space of the glass melting furnace reaches 1600 ℃, although the common fuel of the glass melting furnace contains nitrogen element, the content is less, and N in the form of organic compound in the fuel is broken to form free N at high temperature, only part of the free N is oxidized to form NO, and the rest of the free N can form nitrogen, ammonia, hydrogen cyanide and the like, the NOx in the flue gas of the glass melting furnace is mainly thermal NOx, and the NOx accounts for more than 95 percent of the total nitrogen oxide.
The emission standard of atmospheric pollutants in the flat glass industry puts forward strict and definite quantitative requirements on the emission index of nitrogen oxides in a glass melting furnace. Each glass enterprise respectively carries out technical improvement on the aspects of primary nitrogen oxide control and terminal treatment, and is expected to achieve better tail gas treatment effect, so that the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the flue gas of the melting furnace is reduced below the national standard. Under the condition, the prediction of the generation amount of the nitrogen oxide in the glass melting furnace is particularly important, and the prediction method and thought of the prediction method can be used as the prediction of the alarm and the technical improvement effect of the exceeding concentration of the nitrogen oxide and also can provide effective guidance for desulfurization and denitration in the combustion process. However, the mechanism of generating nitrogen oxides is complex, and the main influencing factors of generating nitrogen oxides in a glass melting furnace are the combustion temperature in the flame space of the melting furnace, the oxygen content in the flame space, the distribution and the area of a high-temperature area in the flame space and the like. Under combustion conditions, the fuel burns vigorously in the flame space, the gas composition changes rapidly, and variables affecting the formation of nitrogen oxides, such as fuel quantity, oxygen concentration, temperature, etc., change and affect each other. Therefore, it is difficult to identify a certain variable alone to study the influence of the variable on the production amount of the nitrogen oxides, and the production amount of the nitrogen oxides cannot be quantitatively calculated.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a method for predicting the generation amount of nitrogen oxides in a glass melting furnace aiming at the defects in the prior art.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows: a method for predicting the generation amount of nitrogen oxides in a glass melting furnace comprises the following steps:
1) Establishing a three-dimensional physical model of a glass melting furnace flame space according to the glass melting furnace, and determining fuel and related initial conditions and boundary conditions thereof; the initial conditions comprise the furnace charging temperature of the fuel, the industrial analysis of the fuel, the elemental analysis and calorific value data, the furnace charging temperature of the combustion air, the fuel consumption and the average air excess coefficient of combustion;
boundary conditions include the speed of combustion air and fuel injection at the small mouth of the glass melting furnace, the angle of fuel injection, the pressure at the small furnace flue gas outlet, the heat dissipation capacity of the breast wall and crown, and the heat transfer or temperature distribution of the glass liquid surface;
2) Performing numerical simulation calculation on the model by using a gas dynamics and combustion method, and establishing a temperature field and a gas flow field in a flame space of the glass melting furnace;
3) Calculating the concentration distribution of nitrogen oxides in the flame space of the glass melting furnace according to the generation mechanism of thermal type, fuel type and quick type nitrogen oxides;
4) Based on the calculation result of the step 3), obtaining a change curve of the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the glass melting furnace along with the temperature through statistical analysis, fitting to obtain a function expression of the change curve, calculating integral areas of different temperature equivalent surfaces in a flame space according to the simulation calculation result of a temperature field in the glass melting furnace, and fitting to obtain a function relation between the integral areas of all the temperature equivalent surfaces and the temperature;
the method comprises the following steps:
based on the result of the simulation calculation, the lowest temperature T in the flame space of the glass melting furnace is counted min Maximum temperature T max And the integral area of each temperature isosurface at different temperatures, further calculating the concentration value of the nitrogen oxide on each temperature isosurface, performing mapping fit on the statistics and the calculation results to obtain the change curve of the nitrogen oxide concentration and the temperature isosurface area along with the temperature, and performing fit on the change curve of the nitrogen oxide concentration along with the temperature to obtain a function
5) Correcting the curve of the change of the oxynitride concentration in the step 4) along with the temperature by using the measured value of the oxynitride concentration of the actual glass melting furnace to obtain a reference curve of the oxynitride in the glass melting furnace along with the temperature change;
6) Obtaining the average temperature in the glass melting furnace, and predicting the generation amount of nitrogen oxides in the glass melting furnace according to the reference curve, namely finding the concentration value of the nitrogen oxides at the temperature on the reference curve, namely obtaining the prediction result of the concentration of the nitrogen oxides generated in the flame space of the glass melting furnace.
According to the above scheme, the step 5) corrects the curve of the concentration of the nitrogen oxide with the temperature, specifically as follows:
5.1 For the temperature equivalent surface area with the temperature at the lowest temperature T min To a maximum temperature T max Integrating in a range to obtain the total area of all temperature isosurfaces in the flame space of the glass melting furnace;
5.2 Determining the weight of the nitrogen oxide production at each temperature): determining the total area of all temperature isosurfaces in the flame space of the glass melting furnace by the integral area of the temperature isosurfaces at the temperature;
5.3 Multiplying the weight of the nitrogen oxide generation amount at each temperature by the nitrogen oxide concentration value at the corresponding temperature, and at the lowest temperature T min To a maximum temperature T max Integrating in a range to calculate and obtain the calculated average concentration of the nitrogen oxides in the glass melting furnace
5.4 Using actual measurements of the actual concentration of nitrogen oxides at the small mouth of the glass melting furnaceAnd the calculated mean concentration of nitrogen oxides calculated +.>A function of the concentration of nitrogen oxides in a glass melting furnace as a function of temperature>Correcting to obtain a standard curve function of the oxynitride in the glass melting furnace along with the temperature change as follows
According to the scheme, the average temperature in the glass melting furnace in the step 6) is obtained through actual measurement or calculation.
According to the scheme, the method for calculating the average temperature in the glass melting furnace in the step 6) comprises the following steps:
at the lowest temperature T min To a maximum temperature T max Integrating the product of the area of the temperature equivalent surface and the temperature in the range and dividing the product by the temperature difference in the flame space of the melting furnace, namelyFinding out the corresponding temperature value T on the curve of the isothermal area changing with the temperature by using the calculated value 0 I.e. the average temperature in the flame space of the glass melting furnace.
According to the above scheme, the step 5) further comprises the following steps:
the standard curve of the nitrogen oxides in the glass melting furnace along with the temperature change and the corresponding fuel types, the furnace inlet temperature of combustion air and the average air excess coefficient of fuel combustion are stored in a standard curve library of the nitrogen oxides in the glass melting furnace along with the temperature change, and the standard curve library is used for quickly obtaining the corresponding standard curve of the nitrogen oxides in the glass melting furnace along with the temperature change according to the corresponding fuel types, the furnace inlet temperature of the combustion air and the average air excess coefficient of fuel combustion and predicting the generation amount of the nitrogen oxides in the glass melting furnace by combining the average temperature in the glass melting furnace.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a prediction method of nitrogen oxide generation amount in a glass melting furnace, which is characterized in that a function of nitrogen oxide concentration and temperature in a flame space of the glass melting furnace is obtained by utilizing a numerical simulation method, a simulation result is corrected by combining with the actual nitrogen oxide concentration of the glass melting furnace, and a corrected reference curve is applied to the prediction of the nitrogen oxide generation amount in the glass melting furnace. The method solves the problems of difficult operation of monitoring the nitrogen oxide in a high-temperature environment in real time, low precision and large fluctuation caused by the selection of the measuring points, improves the accuracy of predicting the nitrogen oxide generation amount in the glass melting furnace, is quick and convenient, saves time and labor, and is beneficial to workers to improve the production process conditions.
2. The fuel type, the combustion air temperature and the average air excess coefficient of fuel combustion are used as the judging basis for judging whether the nitrogen oxide generation amount prediction standard curve in the glass melting furnace is applicable. By establishing a reference curve library of the oxynitride of the glass melting furnace along with the temperature change, a large amount of data is accumulated, and the method is helpful for operators to analyze process systems and conduct theoretical research.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a three-dimensional physical model of a float glass furnace flame space according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a graphical representation of nitrogen oxide formation versus temperature in a float glass furnace flame space in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the temperature isosurface area versus temperature in the flame space of a float glass furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a method for predicting the amount of nitrogen oxides generated in a glass melting furnace comprises the steps of:
s01: establishing a three-dimensional physical model of a glass melting furnace flame space, and determining fuel and related initial conditions and boundary conditions;
there are a number of glass melting furnaces, and the embodiments of the present invention select the flame space of a common float glass furnace to build the model. Fig. 2 schematically illustrates a three-dimensional physical model of the flame space of a float glass furnace.
The initial conditions include, but are not limited to, the furnace charging temperature of the fuel and the furnace charging temperature of the combustion air, the fuel consumption and the average air excess coefficient of combustion, the industrial analysis of the fuel, the elemental analysis, the calorific value and other data; boundary conditions include, but are not limited to, the speed of the glass melting furnace port combustion air and fuel, the angle of fuel injection, the pressure at the furnace outlet, the heat dissipation from the breast wall and crown, and the heat transfer or temperature distribution of the glass liquid surface.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the initial conditions and boundary conditions may be set as: the breast wall and the crown of the glass melting furnace are arranged as heat dissipation boundaries, and the heat dissipation capacity of the breast wall is 1550w/m 2 The heat dissipation capacity of the arch top is 1700w/m 2 The bottom of the flame space is defined by adopting the temperature in the wall thermal boundary condition, the temperature distribution of the bottom of the flame space is subjected to polynomial fitting in consideration of the change of the glass liquid level temperature along with the length of the kiln, the function relation of the temperature of the bottom of the flame space along with the change of the length of the kiln is obtained, the function relation is programmed and written into a calculation program, and the calculation program can be called during simulation calculation. The fuel is heavy oil, the nitrogen content is 0.2%, the low-position heating value is 37000KJ/kg, the combustion air inlet temperature is 1300 ℃, the average excess air coefficient of the combustion air is 1.12, and the inlet of the small furnace is: va=v 1 ，Ta＝T 1， Wherein Va represents the combustion air velocity at the inlet of the small furnace, V 1 A constant representing the combustion air velocity; ta represents the combustion air temperature at the inlet of the small furnace, T 1 A constant representing the air temperature. Flame space heavy oil spray gun inlet: vr=v 2 Vr represents the heavy oil injection rate, V 2 A constant representing the injection rate of heavy oil; tr=t 2 Tr represents the temperature of heavy oil entering the furnace, T 2 Indicating the temperature of heavy oil entering the furnaceA constant; αr=α 2 αr represents the heavy oil injection angle (angle with the horizontal plane), α 2 A constant representing the injection angle (angle from horizontal) of the heavy oil; the flue gas outlet of the small furnace is: p is p o ＝p 1 ，p o Represents the outlet pressure, p 1 A constant representing the outlet pressure.
S02: numerical simulation calculation is carried out on a three-dimensional physical model of the flame space of the glass melting furnace by using aerodynamic and combustion methods, and a temperature field and an airflow field in the flame space of the glass melting furnace are established.
The numerical simulation may be performed by using a hydrodynamic analysis tool such as Fluent, for example, and combining the related knowledge of the finite volume method or the finite element, which will not be described herein.
The aerodynamic and combustive methods may be steady state control equations such as gas flow, combustion, heat transfer during heavy oil combustion in the glass melting furnace flame space. The method is specifically a material conservation equation, a momentum equation, an energy equation, a radiation heat transfer model, a probability density function model under non-premixed combustion, a discrete phase model and the like.
The temperature field may be used to describe the temperature distribution of the heavy oil in the glass melting furnace flame space during combustion, heat transfer, etc. The air flow field can be used for describing the density, flow speed, pressure, kinetic energy, potential energy and the like of high-temperature combustion air, atomized heavy oil, flue gas and the like.
S03: according to the respective generation mechanisms of thermal type, fuel type and rapid type nitrogen oxides, calculating the concentration distribution of the nitrogen oxides in the flame space of the glass melting furnace;
according to different generation mechanisms of three types of nitrogen oxides, the generation amounts of thermal type nitrogen oxides, fuel type nitrogen oxides and rapid type nitrogen oxides are obtained through simulation calculation respectively, and analysis shows that in a float glass melting furnace flame space, the average temperature is higher than 1600 ℃, the nitrogen content in common fuel of the glass melting furnace is low, only part of N in the fuel is oxidized to form NO, the rest of N can form nitrogen, ammonia gas, hydrogen cyanide and the like, the amount of rapid type nitrogen oxides is extremely low, the thermal type NOx accounts for more than 95% of the total nitrogen oxide generation amount, and therefore, the thermal type nitrogen oxides are mainly considered in the prediction of the nitrogen oxide generation amount.
S04: and calculating a change curve of the area of the oxynitride and the temperature isosurface along with the temperature.
Based on the result of the simulation calculation, the minimum temperature T in the flame space of the glass melting furnace can be counted by means of a software tool min Maximum temperature T max And the integral area of each temperature isosurface with different temperatures, so as to calculate the concentration value of the nitrogen oxide on each temperature isosurface, and carrying out mapping fitting on the statistics and the calculation results to obtain the change curve of the nitrogen oxide concentration and the temperature isosurface area along with the temperature, wherein the change curve of the nitrogen oxide concentration along with the temperature is fitted to obtain a function
S05: and correcting a curve of the change of the oxynitride along with the temperature by utilizing a mathematical algorithm and combining with an actual measurement value of the oxynitride of the glass melting furnace to obtain a reference curve.
And in consideration of the deviation between the simulation calculation result and the actual furnace parameters, the change curve of the concentration of the nitrogen oxides along with the temperature in the S04 is corrected by utilizing mathematical calculation, so that the method has higher accuracy and practicability. FIG. 3 shows a fitted curve and a calibration curve of simulated calculations of NOx formation versus temperature in the flame space of a float glass furnace. The specific implementation process is as follows: the temperature equivalent surface area change curve obtained in the step S04 is at the lowest temperature T min To a maximum temperature T max Integrating in a range to obtain the total area of all temperature isosurfaces in the flame space of the glass melting furnace; the weight of the nitrogen oxide generation amount at each temperature can be determined by the total area of all the temperature isosurfaces in the flame space of the glass melting furnace occupied by the integral area of the temperature isosurfaces at the temperature, and the amount obtained by dividing the area of a certain temperature isosurface with the temperature T by the total area of all the temperature isosurfaces in the flame space of the glass melting furnace is recorded as i T Will i T Multiplying the value of the concentration of nitrogen oxides at the corresponding temperature and at the lowest temperature T min To a maximum temperature T max Integrating in a range to obtain the calculated average of the nitrogen oxides in the glass melting furnaceConcentration ofActual concentration of nitrogen oxides at the small mouth of the glass melting furnace by means of actual measurement>And the calculated mean concentration of nitrogen oxides calculated +.>The function of the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the glass melting furnace, which is calculated and fitted in S04, as a function of the temperature +.>Correcting to obtain a standard curve function of the oxynitride in the glass melting furnace along with the temperature change as follows
S06: the application range of the reference curve is popularized, the average temperature of the flame space of the glass melting furnace is obtained through calculation or actual measurement, and the reference curve is utilized to predict the generation amount of nitrogen oxides;
statistical analysis of simulation calculation results and actual measurement results under different working conditions of the flame space of the glass melting furnace is carried out, and a preliminary conclusion is obtained: when three parameters of the type of fuel in the glass melting furnace, the temperature of combustion air and the average air excess coefficient of fuel combustion are kept unchanged, under all working conditions that other parameters change, a reference curve of the change of nitrogen oxides in the flame space along with the temperature changesAnd consistent. The standard curve of the nitrogen oxide along with the temperature change under one working condition is obtained, so that the same standard curve can be used for predicting the nitrogen oxide generation amount in the glass melting furnace under all other working conditions with the same fuel type, combustion air temperature and fuel combustion average air excess coefficient under the working condition.
Based on the popularization of the application range of the reference curve, numerical simulation calculation and mathematical analysis can be respectively carried out on the common fuel, the combustion air temperature and the fuel combustion average air excess coefficient of the glass melting furnace, which are acquired through actual investigation, and the reference curve of the change of nitrogen oxides in the glass melting furnace along with the temperature under different common fuel types, the combustion air temperature and the fuel combustion average air excess coefficient is obtained through implementing the steps S01 to S05. And establishing a reference curve library of the oxynitride of the glass melting furnace along with the temperature change. When the standard curve is used for predicting the oxynitride of the glass melting furnace, only the standard curve with the same fuel type, combustion air temperature and fuel combustion average air excess coefficient is found in the established standard curve library, and the average temperature in the flame space of the glass melting furnace, which needs to be predicted for the oxynitride, is obtained, and the average temperature in the flame space of the glass melting furnace can be obtained by an actual measurement or calculation method. The actual measurement can be carried out by measuring and counting the reasonably selected temperature measuring points by means of a temperature measuring tool, the average temperature of the flame space is obtained by adopting a mathematical calculation method for the temperature field distribution obtained by analog calculation, and a fitting curve of the temperature equivalent surface area and the temperature analog calculation value in the flame space of the float glass melting furnace and a determination method of the average temperature in the flame space are given in fig. 4, wherein the specific implementation process is as follows: at the lowest temperature T min To a maximum temperature T max Integrating the product of the area of the temperature equivalent surface and the temperature in the range and dividing the product by the temperature difference in the flame space of the melting furnace, namelyFinding out the corresponding temperature value T on the curve of the isothermal area changing with the temperature by using the calculated value 0 I.e. the average temperature in the flame space of the glass melting furnace. After the average temperature is obtained, the concentration value of the nitrogen oxide at the temperature can be found on the corresponding reference curve, namely the prediction result of the concentration of the nitrogen oxide generated in the flame space of the glass melting furnace
It will be understood that modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description, and it is intended that all such modifications and variations be included within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (6)
1. A method for predicting the generation amount of nitrogen oxides in a glass melting furnace is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Establishing a three-dimensional physical model of a glass melting furnace flame space according to the glass melting furnace, and determining fuel and related initial conditions and boundary conditions thereof; the initial conditions comprise the furnace charging temperature of the fuel, the industrial analysis of the fuel, the elemental analysis and calorific value data, the furnace charging temperature of the combustion air, the fuel consumption and the average air excess coefficient of combustion;
boundary conditions include the speed of combustion air and fuel injection at the small mouth of the glass melting furnace, the angle of fuel injection, the pressure at the small furnace flue gas outlet, the heat dissipation capacity of the breast wall and crown, and the heat transfer or temperature distribution of the glass liquid surface;
2) Performing numerical simulation calculation on the three-dimensional physical model of the flame space, and establishing a temperature field and an airflow field in the flame space of the glass melting furnace;
3) Calculating the concentration distribution of nitrogen oxides in the flame space of the glass melting furnace according to the generation mechanism of thermal type, fuel type and quick type nitrogen oxides based on the temperature field and the air flow field established in the step 2);
4) Based on the calculation result of the step 3), obtaining a change curve of the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the glass melting furnace along with the temperature through statistical analysis, fitting to obtain a function expression of the change curve, calculating integral areas of different temperature equivalent surfaces in a flame space according to the simulation calculation result of a temperature field in the glass melting furnace, and fitting to obtain a function relation between the integral areas of all the temperature equivalent surfaces and the temperature;
5) Correcting the curve of the concentration of the nitric oxide in the step 4) along with the temperature by using the measured value of the concentration of the nitric oxide in the actual glass melting furnace to obtain a reference curve of the concentration of the nitric oxide in the glass melting furnace along with the temperature;
6) Obtaining the average temperature in the glass melting furnace, and predicting and obtaining the generation amount of the nitrogen oxides in the glass melting furnace according to the reference curve, namely finding the concentration value of the nitrogen oxides corresponding to the average temperature on the reference curve, and taking the concentration value as a prediction result of the concentration of the nitrogen oxides generated in the flame space of the glass melting furnace.
2. The method for predicting the amount of nitrogen oxides generated in a glass melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4), a curve of the concentration of nitrogen oxides in the glass melting furnace with respect to the temperature is obtained by statistical analysis, and a function expression thereof is obtained by fitting:
based on the result of the simulation calculation, the lowest temperature T in the flame space of the glass melting furnace is counted min Maximum temperature T max And the integral area of each temperature isosurface at different temperatures, further calculating the concentration value of the nitrogen oxide on each temperature isosurface, performing mapping fit on the statistics and the calculation results to obtain the change curve of the nitrogen oxide concentration and the temperature isosurface area along with the temperature, and obtaining a function C according to the change curve fit of the nitrogen oxide concentration along with the temperature NOX ＝f(T)。
3. The method for predicting the amount of nitrogen oxides generated in a glass melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein said step 5) corrects a curve of the concentration of nitrogen oxides with temperature, specifically comprising:
5.1 For the temperature equivalent surface area with the temperature at the lowest temperature T min To a maximum temperature T max Integrating in a range to obtain the total area of all temperature isosurfaces in the flame space of the glass melting furnace;
5.2 Determining the weight of the nitrogen oxide production at each temperature): determining the total area proportion of all the temperature isosurfaces in the flame space of the glass melting furnace by the integral area of the temperature isosurfaces at the temperature;
5.3 Multiplying the weight of the nitrogen oxide generation amount at each temperature by the nitrogen oxide concentration value at the corresponding temperature, and at the lowest temperature T min To a maximum temperature T max Integrating in a range to calculate and obtain the calculated average concentration of the nitrogen oxides in the glass melting furnace
5.4 Using actual measurements of the actual concentration of nitrogen oxides at the small mouth of the glass melting furnaceAnd the calculated mean concentration of nitrogen oxides calculated +.>A function of the concentration of nitrogen oxides in a glass melting furnace as a function of temperature>Correcting to obtain a standard curve function of nitrogen oxides in the glass melting furnace along with the temperature change of +.>
4. The method for predicting the amount of nitrogen oxides generated in a glass melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the average temperature in the glass melting furnace in step 6) is obtained by actual measurement or calculation.
5. The method for predicting the amount of nitrogen oxides generated in a glass melting furnace according to claim 4, wherein the method for calculating the average temperature in the glass melting furnace in step 6) is as follows:
at the lowest temperature T min To a maximum temperature T max Integrating the product of the area of the temperature equivalent surface and the temperature in the range and dividing the product by the temperature difference in the flame space of the melting furnace, namelyFinding out the corresponding temperature value T on the curve of the isothermal area changing with the temperature by using the calculated value 0 I.e. the average temperature in the flame space of the glass melting furnace.
6. The method for predicting the amount of nitrogen oxides generated in a glass melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein said step 5) further comprises the steps of:
the standard curve of the nitrogen oxides in the glass melting furnace along with the temperature change and the corresponding fuel types, the furnace inlet temperature of combustion air and the average air excess coefficient of fuel combustion are stored in a standard curve library of the nitrogen oxides in the glass melting furnace along with the temperature change, and the standard curve library is used for quickly obtaining the corresponding standard curve of the nitrogen oxides in the glass melting furnace along with the temperature change according to the corresponding fuel types, the furnace inlet temperature of the combustion air and the average air excess coefficient of fuel combustion and predicting the generation amount of the nitrogen oxides in the glass melting furnace by combining the average temperature in the glass melting furnace.
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