CN111859632B - Rock physical model construction method and processing terminal for hydrate reservoir - Google Patents
Rock physical model construction method and processing terminal for hydrate reservoir Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane clathrate Chemical compound C.C.C.C.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O NMJORVOYSJLJGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005755 formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- -1 natural gas hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007596 consolidation process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004677 hydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Natural products C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V20/00—Geomodelling in general
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2113/00—Details relating to the application field
- G06F2113/08—Fluids
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces
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Abstract
The invention relates to a petrophysical model construction method and a processing terminal of a hydrate reservoir, wherein the method comprises the following steps: step 1: generating an initial self-consistent approximate medium, and calculating the bulk modulus and the shear modulus of the self-consistent approximate medium according to a formula; step 2: generating solid-phase rock, and calculating the bulk modulus and the shear modulus of the solid-phase rock according to a formula; step 3: calculating the bulk modulus and shear modulus of the dry rock; step 4: and adding the biphase fluid to generate a petrophysical model, and calculating attenuation factor parameters of the petrophysical model according to a formula. According to the invention, a self-adaptive theory, an equivalent differential theory, an effective medium theory and a spot saturation model are combined, a petrophysical model aiming at a marine region stratum rich in argillaceous and containing natural gas hydrate is established, and hydrate reservoir attenuation research of a subsequent seismic frequency band can be effectively carried out according to the petrophysical model.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of natural gas hydrate exploration, in particular to a rock physical model construction method and a processing terminal of a hydrate reservoir.
Background
Along with the increase of the hydrate content, the increase of the longitudinal wave speed and the transverse wave speed is often caused, and the change of attenuation is also caused, so that the speed dispersion and attenuation characteristic analysis of the hydrate-containing sediment layer is helpful for estimating the hydrate content. Whereas the petrophysical model based on hydrate sedimentary formations (i.e. reservoirs) can analyze the velocity dispersion and attenuation characteristics of the hydrate, the existing petrophysical model for researching sea-area mud-rich high pore hydrate reservoirs is missing or under-estimated and inaccurate in the seismic frequency band (low frequency, less than 500 Hz). The existing research on the petrophysical model includes Biot theory (Chinese is also called than-Australian consolidation theory), jet flow mechanism and BISQ theory combining the two, but the above theories cannot well describe the seismic attenuation characteristics in the seismic frequency band (low frequency, less than 500 Hz), namely cannot well describe the attenuation characteristics of the hydrate reservoir. Therefore, it is desirable to construct a petrophysical model of a hydrate reservoir so that the attenuation characteristics of the hydrate can be analyzed in the seismic frequency band.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide a method for constructing a petrophysical model of a hydrate reservoir, which can solve the problem of constructing the petrophysical model of the hydrate reservoir;
it is a further object of the present invention to provide a processing terminal that is capable of solving the problem of building a petrophysical model of a hydrate reservoir.
The technical scheme for realizing one of the purposes of the invention is as follows: a method for constructing a petrophysical model of a hydrate reservoir, comprising the steps of:
step 1: generating a self-consistent approximate medium comprising mudstone and hydrate, and calculating the bulk modulus K of the self-consistent approximate medium according to formula (1) SC And shear modulus G SC ：
Wherein K is ma Represents the bulk modulus of mudstone, G ma Represents the shear modulus of mudstone, S in Representing hydratesContent of K in Represents the bulk modulus of the hydrate, G in Shear modulus of hydrate, P, Q and beta ma Are intermediate variables, and alpha represents the aperture aspect ratio of the self-consistent approximate medium;
step 2: quartz is added on the basis of the self-consistent approximate medium to generate solid-phase rock, and the bulk modulus K of the solid-phase rock is calculated according to the formula (2) dem And shear modulus G dem ：
Wherein S represents quartz content, K sat And G sat Respectively representing the bulk modulus and the shear modulus, P, of quartz 1 、Q 1 And beta m Are all intermediate variables, alpha 1 Represents the pore aspect ratio of solid-phase rock;
step 3: calculating the bulk modulus K of the dry rock according to the formula (3) dry And shear modulus G dry ：
Wherein ρ is b Representing the bulk density ρ w Represents the water density, g represents the gravitational acceleration, D represents the sea bottom depth of the hydrate reservoir, n represents the average connection coefficient of the particles,indicating porosity->Represents critical porosity, v represents poisson's ratio, P 2 Representing the effective pressure, Z represents an intermediate variable;
step 4: adding a fluid on the basis of the step 3, wherein the fluid comprises water and gas to obtain a petrophysical model, and calculating according to formulas (4) and (5) to obtain an attenuation factor Q p ：
Wherein i=1, 2, d 1 And d 2 Representing reservoir thickness of water and gas, respectively, P 3 And P 4 All are the intermediate variables of the two-way valve,andcomplex moduli of propagation of P-waves of water and gas in orthogonal directions, respectively, I 1 And I 2 Respectively represent the impedance of water and gas and the impedance of slow longitudinal wave, r 1 And r 2 The ratio of the fast longitudinal wave fluid tension to the total normal pressure of water and gas respectively,
kappa denotes permeability, omega denotes angular frequency, phi denotes sediment porosity, M i As intermediate variable, alpha 2 As intermediate variable, k i As an intermediate variable, the number of the variables,represents the bulk modulus, eta of water 1 Represents the viscosity of water, which is constant; />Represents the bulk modulus, eta of the gas 2 The viscosity of the gas is expressed as a constant,
obtaining attenuation factor Q p Thereby obtaining the petrophysical model.
The second technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a processing terminal comprising, a memory for storing program instructions;
and a processor for executing the program instructions to perform the steps of the petrophysical model building method of the hydrate reservoir.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: according to the invention, a self-adaptive theory, an equivalent differential theory, an effective medium theory and a spot saturation model are combined, a petrophysical model aiming at a marine region stratum rich in argillaceous and containing natural gas hydrate is established, and hydrate reservoir attenuation research of a subsequent seismic frequency band can be effectively carried out according to the petrophysical model.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic of a hydrate reservoir fully saturated with water in the sediment pores;
FIG. 3 is a schematic of a hydrate reservoir with incompletely saturated water in the sediment pores;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram comparing the present invention and other models with real data;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a processing terminal.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description:
prior to describing the implementation of model construction, the relevant background art of geologic models is described. Currently, subterranean formations are generally considered to be composed of solid-phase rock, including natural gas hydrates (hereinafter referred to as hydrates), quartz, and most mudstones, pores, and fluids in the pores, including water and gas. The invention also provides a model construction method based on the theory.
As shown in fig. 1-4, a method for constructing a petrophysical model of a hydrate reservoir includes the following steps:
step 1: generating an initial self-consistent approximate medium, wherein the self-consistent approximate medium comprises mudstone and hydrate, and calculating the bulk modulus K of the self-consistent approximate medium according to the following formula SC And shear modulus G SC ：
Wherein K is ma Represents the bulk modulus of mudstone, G ma Represents the shear modulus of mudstone, S in Represents the hydrate content, K in Represents the bulk modulus of the hydrate, G in Shear modulus of hydrate, P, Q and beta ma Are intermediate variables, and α represents the aperture aspect ratio of the self-consistent approximation medium. The above formula is based on self-consistent approximation theory.
Step 2: quartz is added on the basis of the self-consistent approximate medium in the step 1 to generate solid-phase rock, and the bulk modulus K of the solid-phase rock is calculated according to the following formula dem And shear modulus G dem ：
Wherein S represents quartz content, K sat And G sat Respectively representing the bulk modulus and the shear modulus, P, of quartz 1 、Q 1 And beta m Are all intermediate variables, alpha 1 Representing the pore aspect ratio of the solid-phase rock. The above formula is based on the theory of equivalent difference.
Step 3: the bulk modulus K of the dry rock is calculated according to the following formula dry And shear modulus G dry ：
Wherein ρ is b Representing the bulk density of the dry rock ρ w Represents water density, g represents gravitational acceleration, D represents the sea depth of the hydrate reservoir, i.e. the sea depth of the research target object, the hydrate reservoirs in different areas are researched, the sea depths are different, n represents average connection coefficient of particles, and is constant,representing the porosity of the dry rock, < >>Represents critical porosity, v represents poisson's ratio, P 2 Representing the effective pressure, Z represents an intermediate variable;
step 4: generating a petrophysical model, and adding fluid on the basis of the step 3, wherein the fluid comprises water and gas, and the added fluid is a two-phase fluid, namely the water and the gas are contained in pores, so as to obtain the petrophysical model. Calculating the attenuation factor Q of the final petrophysical model according to the plaque saturation model p Thereby determining the final petrophysical model. Attenuation factor Q p Can be calculated by the following formula:
wherein d 1 And d 2 Representing reservoir thickness of water and gas, respectively, P 3 And P 4 All are the intermediate variables of the two-way valve,and->Complex moduli of propagation of P-waves of water and gas in orthogonal directions, respectively, I 1 And I 2 Respectively represent the impedance of water and gas and the impedance of slow longitudinal wave, r 1 And r 2 The ratio of the fast longitudinal wave fluid tension to the total normal pressure of water and gas respectively,
in the above formula, the relevant parameters of the two-layer medium (water and gas) are calculated by the following formula:
wherein κ represents permeability, ω represents angular frequency, φ represents sediment porosity, M i As intermediate variable, alpha 2 As intermediate variable, k i As an intermediate variable, the number of the variables,represents the bulk modulus, eta of water 1 Represents the viscosity of water, which is constant; />Represents the bulk modulus, eta of the gas 2 The viscosity of the gas is shown as a constant.
Obtaining attenuation factor Q p Thereby constructing a petrophysical model. The seismic frequency band of the petrophysical model obtained by the method is below 500Hz, and belongs to a low-frequency petrophysical model.
The rock physical model obtained by the method is consistent with the actual situation and can be applied to analysis and research such as hydrate reservoir attenuation and the like.
As shown in fig. 2 and 3, fig. 2 is a schematic of a hydrate reservoir fully saturated with water in the sediment pores, and fig. 3 is a schematic of a hydrate reservoir not fully saturated with water (i.e., water and gas) in the sediment pores. In fig. 2, it is assumed that the sediment has a muddy content c=60%, a sediment porosity Φ=50%, a pore aspect ratio α=0.05, and a water content S w =100%, natural gas hydrate content S h Linearly increasing from 10% to 80%. As the frequency f (logarithmic on the abscissa in the figure) increases gradually from 1Hz to 1000Hz, the longitudinal wave attenuation I/Q (on the ordinate in the figure) increases non-linearly to the peak and then decreases gradually, and as the hydrate content increases, the attenuation also increases and the attenuation peak moves gradually to a lower frequency, and when the hydrate content reaches a certain level, the attenuation slowly tends to decrease gradually, i.e., flattens out from the view of the graph.
In fig. 3, it is assumed that the sediment has a muddy content c=60%, a sediment porosity Φ=50%, a pore aspect ratio α=0.05, and a water content S w =90%, gas content S g =10% natural gas hydrate content S h From 0 to 60% (i.e., represented by sh=0.0, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6 in fig. 3). As the frequency f (logarithmic in the graph) increases gradually from 1Hz to 1000Hz, the longitudinal wave attenuation I/Q (ordinate in the graph) increases nonlinearly to the peak valueGradually decreasing, the peak occurs at a corresponding frequency higher than that of a saturated deposit, i.e., the peak of fig. 3 occurs at a higher frequency than that of the peak of fig. 2. And as the hydrate content increases, the attenuation also increases, and the attenuation peak gradually moves toward lower frequency, when the hydrate content reaches a certain level, the attenuation slowly moves toward lower frequency at a significantly faster speed, similar to fig. 2, but compared to fig. 2.
As shown in FIG. 4, another practical example application is shown in Guerin & Goldberg 2005 published paper (Guerin G and Goldberg D2005. Modeling of acoustic wave dissipation in gas hydrate-modeling segments. Geochemistry geosystems 6 (7): 1-16), which is referred to as a reference paper, where measured data sources are compared with Mallik 5L-38 gas hydrate test wells in the large West. Compared with the model proposed by the reference paper (shown as a dotted line, guerin & Goldberg, 2005), the method provided by the invention (shown as a solid line, this student) and the measured data (shown as dots, malik 5L-38 (Guerin & Goldberg, 2005)) are closer, that is, the petrophysical model obtained by the method is closer to the real condition, and the abscissa GH Saturation in FIG. 4 represents the hydrate Saturation.
As shown in fig. 5, the present invention also relates to a processing terminal 100 of an entity apparatus implementing the above method, which includes,
a memory 101 for storing program instructions;
a processor 102 for executing the program instructions to perform steps in the petrophysical model construction method of the hydrate reservoir.
The embodiment disclosed in the present specification is merely an illustration of one-sided features of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and any other functionally equivalent embodiment falls within the protection scope of the present invention. Various other corresponding changes and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art from the foregoing description and the accompanying drawings, and all such changes and modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. The rock physical model construction method of the hydrate reservoir is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: generating a self-consistent approximate medium comprising mudstone and hydrate, and calculating the bulk modulus K of the self-consistent approximate medium according to formula (1) SC And shear modulus G SC ：
Wherein K is ma Represents the bulk modulus of mudstone, G ma Represents the shear modulus of mudstone, S in Represents the hydrate content, K in Represents the bulk modulus of the hydrate, G in Shear modulus of hydrate, P, Q and beta ma Are intermediate variables, and alpha represents the aperture aspect ratio of the self-consistent approximate medium;
step 2: quartz is added on the basis of the self-consistent approximate medium to generate solid-phase rock, and the bulk modulus K of the solid-phase rock is calculated according to the formula (2) dem And shear modulus G dem ：
Wherein S represents quartz content, K sat And G sat Respectively representing the bulk modulus and the shear modulus, P, of quartz 1 、Q 1 And beta m Are all intermediate variables, alpha 1 Represents the pore aspect ratio of solid-phase rock;
step 3: calculating the bulk modulus K of the dry rock according to the formula (3) dry And shear modulus G dry ：
Wherein ρ is b Representing the bulk density ρ w Represents the water density, g represents the gravitational acceleration, D represents the sea bottom depth of the hydrate reservoir, n represents the average connection coefficient of the particles,indicating porosity->Represents critical porosity, v represents poisson's ratio, P 2 Representing the effective pressure, Z represents an intermediate variable;
step 4: adding a fluid on the basis of the step 3, wherein the fluid comprises water and gas to obtain a petrophysical model, and calculating according to formulas (4) and (5) to obtain an attenuation factor Q p ：
Wherein i=1, 2, d 1 And d 2 Representing reservoir thickness of water and gas, respectively, P 3 And P 4 All are the intermediate variables of the two-way valve,and->Complex moduli of propagation of P-waves of water and gas in orthogonal directions, respectively, I 1 And I 2 Respectively represent the impedance of water and gas and the impedance of slow longitudinal wave, r 1 And r 2 The ratio of the fast longitudinal wave fluid tension to the total normal pressure of water and gas respectively,
kappa denotes permeability, omega denotes angular frequency, phi denotes sediment porosity, M i As intermediate variable, alpha 2 As an intermediate variable, the number of the variables,k i as an intermediate variable, the number of the variables,represents the bulk modulus, eta of water 1 Represents the viscosity of water, which is constant; />Represents the bulk modulus, eta of the gas 2 The viscosity of the gas is expressed as a constant,
obtaining attenuation factor Q p Thereby obtaining the petrophysical model.
2. A processing terminal, characterized in that it comprises,
a memory for storing program instructions;
a processor for executing the program instructions to perform the steps of the petrophysical model construction method of a hydrate reservoir of claim 1.
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| CN112946783B (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2024-02-06 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Hydrate saturation determination method, device and equipment |
| CN113552630B (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2022-03-04 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | Unconsolidated formation permeability prediction method based on elastic impedance and processing terminal |
| CN113466963B (en) * | 2021-08-13 | 2022-02-01 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | Fracture filling II type hydrate saturation estimation method and processing terminal |
| CN113791457B (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2022-11-15 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | Method and device for calculating rock skeleton modulus of natural gas hydrate reservoir |
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| CN106842364A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Unconformity biogenic limestone seismic reservoir petrophysical model method for building up |
| CN109582923A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-04-05 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | A kind of method and processing terminal based on two-parameter calculated hydration object saturation degree |
| CN110909487A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-24 | 西南石油大学 | Method for establishing fine anisotropic shale rock physical model |
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| US9482771B2 (en) * | 2012-11-05 | 2016-11-01 | Fugro Marine Geoservices, Inc. | Method of indicating the presence of gas hydrate and shallow gas in deepwater environment |
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| CN106842364A (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-06-13 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Unconformity biogenic limestone seismic reservoir petrophysical model method for building up |
| CN109582923A (en) * | 2018-11-06 | 2019-04-05 | 广州海洋地质调查局 | A kind of method and processing terminal based on two-parameter calculated hydration object saturation degree |
| CN110909487A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-24 | 西南石油大学 | Method for establishing fine anisotropic shale rock physical model |
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