CN111857004A - Intelligent closestool capable of monitoring human health in real time and monitoring method thereof - Google Patents
Intelligent closestool capable of monitoring human health in real time and monitoring method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN111857004A CN111857004A CN202010737422.2A CN202010737422A CN111857004A CN 111857004 A CN111857004 A CN 111857004A CN 202010737422 A CN202010737422 A CN 202010737422A CN 111857004 A CN111857004 A CN 111857004A
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intelligent closestool for monitoring human health in real time and a monitoring method thereof.A camera acquires and acquires an image of excrement after defecation, a contact electrode is arranged on the closestool and is directly contacted with a human body, the contact electrode outputs micro current to flow through the human body and a main controller detects the change of resistance, an LED lamp of a heart rate detection assembly irradiates the hand of a user, a first photoelectric sensor receives hand reflected light and converts the hand reflected light into a pulse signal, a timer is arranged in a master controller, a blood detection assembly comprises an excitation light source, a narrow band filter and a Fresnel lens, emergent light of the Fresnel lens is aligned with a second photoelectric sensor, emitted light of the excitation light source excites excrement which is sequentially diluted by the narrow band filter, the emitted light of the excrement sequentially passes through the narrow band filter and the Fresnel lens and then is output to the master controller through photoelectric conversion by a second photoelectric sensor, and the second photoelectric sensor outputs the blood detection signal to the master controller. The toilet of the present invention can monitor health to cope with adverse effects on the body caused by bad living habits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of photoelectric technology application, in particular to an intelligent closestool capable of monitoring human health in real time and a monitoring method thereof.
Background
According to statistics, the death rate of chronic diseases in China accounts for 86.6% of the total death number, 54.5% of people in China have intestinal tract problems until 2018, the growth speed is accelerated, and the serious burden on the body and the economic pressure are caused in the aspects of diseases and diagnosis and treatment in the later period of gastrointestinal diseases.
The existing intelligent closestool system has the functions of automatic cover turning or remote control cover turning, namely a human body induction area is arranged on the closestool body, when people walk in, the induction area can transmit information to the closestool body, and the closestool cover can be automatically turned up. The existing intelligent closestool system has the seat ring heating function, the seat ring can be automatically heated to the proper temperature of a human body, the intelligent closestool system has different temperature grades, and conditioning is carried out according to personal preference or region and weather. The existing intelligent closestool system has the function of cleaning the buttocks and adopts a stainless steel spray head, and the spray head can flow waterfall type water flow to purify the infected dirt. The existing intelligent closestool system has an automatic deodorization function and the principle is that a photocatalyst or active carbon and the like which are arranged in a closestool cover are applied to remove peculiar smell.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an intelligent closestool capable of monitoring human health in real time and a monitoring method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an intelligent closestool for monitoring human health in real time comprises a main controller, a contact electrode connected with the main controller, a camera, a heart rate detection assembly and a blood detection assembly, wherein the camera acquires and acquires excrement images after defecation, the contact electrode is arranged on a closestool and is in direct contact with the human body, the contact electrode outputs micro current under the control of the main controller, the micro current passes through the human body and detects resistance change data by the main controller, the heart rate detection assembly comprises an LED lamp and a first photoelectric sensor, the LED lamp irradiates the hand of a user, the first photoelectric sensor receives hand reflected light and converts the hand reflected light into pulse signals to be output to the main controller, the main controller utilizes a built-in timer to accumulate pulse times in a time interval, the blood detection assembly comprises an excitation light source, a narrow-band light filter and a Fresnel lens, and the emergent light of the Fresnel lens is aligned with a second photoelectric sensor, the emission light of the excitation light source passes through the narrow band filter to excite diluted excrement, the emission light of the excrement sequentially passes through the narrow band filter and the Fresnel lens and then passes through the second photoelectric sensor, the second photoelectric sensor performs photoelectric conversion to output a blood detection signal to the main controller, and the main controller analyzes the blood detection signal to acquire spectral information so as to determine whether blood is contained.
As a preferred embodiment, 570nm LED lamp is further used as the LED lamp
As a preferred embodiment, the narrow-band filters are 260nm narrow-band filters and 340nm narrow-band filters.
As a preferred embodiment, the excitation light source further uses ultraviolet light of 260nm as the excitation light source.
As a preferred embodiment, the second photosensor is an avalanche photodiode.
As a preferred embodiment, further, the master controller is connected with the mobile terminal through the wireless communication module and interacts data with the mobile terminal.
As an optional implementation mode, the wireless communication module selects a GSM communication chip, a Bluetooth communication chip or other wireless communication chip sets.
As a preferred embodiment, the second photosensor is further connected to the main controller through an amplifying circuit.
As a preferred embodiment, further, the amplifying circuit includes an operational amplifier, a positive input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to an anode of the second photosensor, a negative input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to a cathode of the second photosensor, the junction capacitor and the shunt resistor are respectively connected in parallel to two ends of the second photosensor,
as a preferred embodiment, further, the output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier through a feedback RC circuit, the feedback RC circuit includes a feedback resistor and a feedback capacitor, the output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to one end of the feedback resistor and one end of the feedback capacitor, respectively, and the other end of the feedback resistor and the other end of the feedback capacitor are connected to the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier.
As a preferred embodiment, further, the camera adopts a 0V7670 camera with FIFO and outputs in QVGA mode.
Further, the determination of the figure shape is to determine the feature of the figure by using the values of the coordinate points of the figure edge, and further determine the figure shape. For example, the shape of the square is characterized by the length being equal to the width, and the values of the length and the width are equal according to the characteristics. The central idea of the shape recognition algorithm is to judge the shape by using the geometric characteristics of different figures.
According to the technical scheme, the contact electrode is arranged on the closestool, extremely tiny current is sent out by the electrode slice to pass through the body during measurement, and if the fat ratio is high, the measured biological resistance is large, so that the body fat ratio is measured. Therefore, whether the user is in an obese or over-lean state is judged so as not to cause a series of diseases, and therefore reasonable health suggestions are made according to the body fat rate of the user to improve the body structure of the user. Secondly, install the light source in the place that the closestool wrist is convenient for touch, the photoelectric sensor passes through the light signal change and conveys the count to STM32 so that measure the user's heart rate. The heart rate threshold value set by the user or set in the system is compared to judge whether the defecation of the user is abnormal or uncomfortable, if the heart rate threshold value is exceeded, the condition of the user is bound with the user through the familiarity telephone contact to perform alarm processing, and the function is mainly used for the old, children and other people with extremely bad bodies to prevent other consequences caused by untimely processing of abnormal conditions during defecation. Then, the excrement is photographed by a camera, the color is distinguished and stored, and the image is sent to STM32 for shape judgment, so that the recent eating habits and physical health conditions of the user are estimated and the result judgment of the hematochezia is assisted. Thereby the shape colour when comparing healthy defecation judges whether the user has recently eaten food and work and rest good, makes corresponding meal and rest to shape and colour and reminds, reduces the user and leads to constipation or other bad probability of physical conditions because of long-term accumulation. And moreover, a light source is adopted to excite excrement, light signals are collected, the excrement is screened and converted into electric signals by a photoelectric sensor and then the electric signals are transmitted to the STM32 for signal comparison processing, so that whether the relevant gastrointestinal diseases exist or not is determined, the physiological period of the female is recorded, and special period reminding service is provided for the female every month. Ultraviolet rays are adopted to sterilize the closestool in all directions, and the chance that a user contacts infectious bacteria and viruses is avoided. Thereby reducing the life risk caused by missing the optimal treatment time due to the untimely discovery of early diseases, reducing the embarrassment and dysmenorrheal of women in special periods and reducing the transmission path from the most direct contact and the breeding place of bacteria. Finally, the Bluetooth is adopted to conveniently establish an information exchange bridge between a person and a closestool, a corresponding detection report is formed through a simple APP, the body change of the user within a period of time is recorded, and a corresponding health prompt is made. All numerical advice information is obtained by big data analysis.
The invention combines the spectrum detection technology, the BIA technology (biological resistance measurement method), the photoelectric sensor technology and the machine vision with an embedded system to realize the function of automatically monitoring the health in real time, and the adverse effect on the body caused by bad living habits is coped with.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description;
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent toilet for monitoring human health in real time according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the blood test assembly;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a blood test assembly for determining health;
FIG. 4 is a comparison of the spectra of blood detected from blood;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the working principle of the Fresnel lens;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of several avalanche photodiode structures;
FIG. 7 is a TIA complete circuit schematic;
FIG. 8 is a response diagram of the open loop gain response and the closed loop noise gain of the amplifier;
FIG. 9 is a simulation diagram of a transimpedance amplifier;
FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating simulation results of a simulation test;
FIG. 11 is a timing diagram of RGB565 storage;
FIG. 12 is a schematic flow chart of void shape identification;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a GSM communication module interface;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a heart rate and pulse warning process;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of an equivalent circuit of a human body;
fig. 16 is a schematic flow chart of body fat health analysis.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application.
As shown in one of fig. 1 to 16, the invention discloses an intelligent toilet for monitoring human health in real time, which comprises a main controller, a contact electrode connected with the main controller, a camera, a heart rate detection assembly and a blood detection assembly, wherein the camera acquires and acquires an image of excrement after defecation, the contact electrode is arranged on the toilet and is in direct contact with a human body, the contact electrode outputs micro current passing through the human body under the control of the main controller and detects resistance change data by the main controller, the heart rate detection assembly comprises an LED lamp and a first photoelectric sensor, the LED lamp irradiates the hand of a user, the first photoelectric sensor receives hand reflected light and converts the hand reflected light into a pulse signal to be output to the main controller, the main controller utilizes a built-in timer to accumulate pulse times in a time interval, the blood detection assembly comprises an excitation light source, a narrow band filter and a fresnel lens which are arranged along a light path, emergent light of the Fresnel lens is aligned with the second photoelectric sensor, emitted light of the excitation light source excites excrement which sequentially passes through the narrow band filter and the dilution, the emitted light of the excrement sequentially passes through the narrow band filter and the Fresnel lens and then is output to the main controller through the second photoelectric sensor, the second photoelectric sensor carries out photoelectric conversion to output a blood detection signal to the main controller, and the main controller analyzes the blood detection signal to obtain spectral information so as to determine whether the blood is contained. As a preferred embodiment, 570nm LED lamp is further used as the LED lamp
As shown in fig. 1, the present invention is structurally divided into four parts: a blood detection part, an excretion property analysis part, a heart rate and body fat detection part and a remote control part.
1. A blood detection part:
as shown in FIG. 2, the blood detection based on spectrum detection of the invention consists of an LED of 260nm, a narrowband filter of 340nm, a Fresnel lens and a master development board of model STM32F103RCT 6.
As shown in fig. 3, the specific workflow of the blood detection assembly is as follows:
(1) irradiating excrement with 260nm light source to obtain reflected fluorescence, and sterilizing
(2) Filtering out other fluorescence except about 340nm
(3) The optical signal is amplified by the concentration of fluorescence by the lens
(4) Using APD (avalanche photo diode) to amplify and convert the received weak signal into a processable electric signal and transmitting the electric signal to a core board
(5) Amplifying the electric signal into the size of the electric signal which can be received and processed by STM32 and transmitting the electric signal to the core board
After the user is like the lavatory, the record excrement will be opened to the camera, light source about 260nm is opened simultaneously, the rivers wash through afterwards, separate the excrement slightly, the light source shines on the determinand, the light signal of production assembles through lens after the filtering, make the fluorescence irradiation of wavelength about 340nm on the APD, thereby whether there is blood composition to exist in the signal processing analysis detection thing that the development board of master controller will be sampled and judge that the user is in healthy state, then the laser carries out the ultraviolet irradiation disinfection.
The specific method for judging whether the health is achieved based on blood detection comprises the following steps:
step 1-1, controlling the emitted light of an excitation light source to excite diluted excrement, and acquiring a blood detection signal sensed by a second photoelectric sensor by a main controller;
specifically, the emission light of the excrement passes through a narrow band filter and a Fresnel lens in sequence and then is subjected to photoelectric conversion by a second photoelectric sensor, and the second photoelectric sensor outputs a blood detection signal
Step 1-2, judging whether the blood detection signal is greater than a first voltage threshold value representing a maximum value of the voltage without blood; if yes, executing the step 1-3; otherwise, judging the health of the object to be detected, reporting the result and finishing the current detection;
step 1-3, judging whether the blood detection signal is greater than a second voltage threshold value representing the voltage upper limit value of the special period; if yes, executing the step 1-4; otherwise, judging that the disease risk exists and carrying out health reminding on the tested object; wherein the second voltage threshold is greater than the first voltage threshold; the second voltage threshold represents a voltage minimum for a particular period of time (e.g., a menstrual period);
step 1-4, judging whether the object to be tested is in a special period; if yes, performing health reminding based on the big data analysis of the existing health risks; otherwise, judging that the disease risk exists and carrying out health reminding on the tested object.
The blood detection module based on the spectrum detection technology mainly adopts STM32 series single-chip microcomputer as a minimum system. The invention uses STM32F103RCT6 chip, which is a 32-bit MCU (Micro Control Unit microcontroller) based on ARM Cortex-M kernel STM32 series, and has 256K on-chip flash memory and a series of abundant peripheral interfaces, the working frequency is 72MHz, and the internal part of the chip comprises a high-speed memory.
Light source and lens selection: the spectrum detection method can amplify trace substances which cannot be sensed by naked eyes to the effect of mechanical judgment. The invention firstly uses light sources with different nanometers for excitation to search whether blood can be detected. Subsequently, it is found that under different light source excitation, the blood has wave peaks different from other substances, and the ultraviolet light of 260nm is most suitable to be used as the excitation light source according to market supply, cost performance and detection accuracy.
As shown in FIG. 4, after several measurements, blood has its own unique peak at about 300-350 nm when excited with a light source of 260 nm. Then, the different concentrations of the blood are subjected to spectrum detection, the lowest dilution concentration of the detected signal is searched, and after repeated control tests and multiple attempts, the fluorescence of the blood excited by the light source can still be detected when the concentration of the blood is detected in the existing medicine. Through repeated verification, the peak of the blood at about 340nm under different dilution conditions is shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 wave crest of blood at around 340nm at different dilutions
| Water: blood (blood concentration) | 4000:1(0.024％) | 6000:1(0.017％) | 7000:1(0.014％) | 8000:1(0.012％) |
| Peak height | 17.18 | 16.22 | 12.27 | 11.74 |
Because the quantity of hematochezia in early stage of the disease is very small and the generated optical signal is very weak, the micro fluorescence around the disease needs to be converged around one point by a converging lens to amplify the optical signal. According to market research, the Fresnel lens is determined to be adopted for amplifying the optical signal in combination with aspects of the structure, cost, applicability and the like of the toilet.
Fresnel lens (Fresnel lenses): the screw thread lens is mostly a thin sheet formed by injecting and pressing polyolefin materials, one surface of the lens is a smooth surface, the other surface of the lens is inscribed with concentric circles from small to large, the texture of the screw thread lens is designed according to the requirements of light interference and interference, relative sensitivity and receiving angle, the thickness of the lens is mostly about 1mm, and the cost is much lower than that of a common convex lens. The characteristics are large area, thin thickness and long detection distance.
As shown in fig. 5, the working principle of the fresnel lens is quite simple: assuming that the refractive power of a lens occurs only at the optical surface (e.g., lens surface), as much optical material as possible is removed while preserving the curvature of the surface. Such a lens is also capable of eliminating partial spherical aberration. One of the applications of fresnel lenses is a fluorescent condenser, which is in fact a transparent plate (generally of plexiglass) to which a fluorescent pigment is added, the emitted fluorescent light being guided by total reflection in the plate towards the edge face of the plate due to the difference between the plate and the surrounding medium, the condensing ratio of which depends on the ratio of the area of the plate to the area of the edge, which plate is capable of absorbing incident light in different directions.
An optical filter: because there are many substances in the stool, and each substance includes water and has its own fluorescence spectrum, and the signal intensity is different, and in the detecting system, the optical signal of blood is very weak, so the existence of other optical signals can interfere the detection, for higher collection only belongs to the optical signal of blood, avoid the result misjudgement, so must screen the optical signal, filter other optical signals.
The optical filter is made of plastic or glass sheet and special dye, after the dye is dyed, the molecular structure is changed, the refractive index is also changed, and the passing of certain color light is changed. The filter is used to filter out light in a certain wavelength range and acts as a monochromator. According to the position of the wave crest of the blood and the comparison between the filter and the price in the market, the system selects the 254nm ultraviolet narrow-band filter to screen the optical signal, and the parameter values are shown in table 2:
table 2: parameter table of ultraviolet narrow-band filter
A photoelectric sensor: in order to perform optical signal comparison conveniently, the optical signal comparison needs to be converted into an electric signal so as to perform mechanical comparison to judge the signal magnitude. Firstly, an optical signal is converted into an electric signal, and the photoelectric signal is weak, so that the photoelectric avalanche diode is adopted for photoelectric conversion, and the amplification effect of the optical signal is achieved.
As shown in fig. 6, the optical avalanche diode APD is used as a photosensitive element for laser communication. The excited electron-hole pair will make random motion in the silicon or germanium and recombine after a period of time. If an electric field is present inside, the electrons and holes will move directionally in opposite directions, so that a current, i.e. a photocurrent, can be observed. One straightforward way to generate an electric field internally is to form a PN junction. The carriers in the depletion region drift under the action of the built-in electric field, and part of the carriers forming the photocurrent in the N region or the P region may also diffuse into the depletion region to form the photocurrent under the action of the electric field. Increasing the reverse bias voltage produces an "avalanche" (i.e., a multiple surge in photocurrent) phenomenon, and thus such diodes are referred to as "avalanche photodiodes". The avalanche multiplication effect of the carriers is utilized to amplify the photoelectric signal to improve the sensitivity of detection. The basic structure of the avalanche multiplication diode is a Read diode structure (namely an N + PIP + type structure, a P + surface receives light) which easily generates the avalanche multiplication effect, and a larger reverse bias voltage is applied during working so that the avalanche multiplication state is achieved, and the light absorption area of the avalanche multiplication diode is basically consistent with the multiplication area.
The avalanche photodiode detector has the advantages of wide bandwidth, small noise, large dynamic range, high current gain, high reliability and the like, and is one of the most commonly used detectors in a weak light detection system. Avalanche photodiodes are largely classified into 3 categories: silicon avalanche photodiodes (siapds), germanium avalanche photodiodes (geapds), and indium gallium arsenic avalanche photodiodes (ingaasp apds). The cut-off wavelength of the silicon avalanche photodiode is 1100nm, and the silicon avalanche photodiode is suitable for short-wavelength photoelectric detection. Since the fluorescence wavelength detected here is around 340nm, a silicon avalanche photodiode is chosen.
An amplifying circuit: since the amplifying circuit required by the invention is used for detecting the output current of the avalanche photodiode, the current signal is extremely weak, and the overall performance is affected if the performance of the preamplifier circuit cannot be met. The design of the preamplifier requires consideration of several issues:
(1) detecting a current of a small pulse width, which requires a wide bandwidth of the preamplifier; (2) detecting a current of smaller amplitude, which requires a higher gain of the preamplifier; (3) the low noise, the preamplifier who designs increases benefit, the bandwidth is higher, and this needs its noise very little, prevents the mistake upset. The pre-Amplifier circuit selected for use herein is a Trans-impedance Amplifier (TIA), according to the literature referred to.
Considering that the signal to be amplified is very weak current, and the noise has a great influence on the detection of the signal under the condition, the selected amplifying circuit must be capable of ensuring the requirement on the detection precision, the reliability of the detection signal depends on the accuracy and the stability of the detection circuit to a great extent, and the TIA can convert the weak photodiode current signal into usable voltage for output. The trans-impedance amplifier is composed of a capacitance resistor and an operational amplifier, the structure is not very complex, and the working principle is that the trans-impedance amplifier is operated according to a formula VOUT＝I×RFConverting a current (I) into a voltage (V)OUT). But since the transimpedance amplifier is a preamplifier of the avalanche photodiode, it must be designed with a view to optimizing its noise performance. In order to ensure the performance of the amplifier circuit and avoid unwanted interference, the influence of parasitic capacitance formed between the electronic components and the wiring in the actual circuit must be considered. In practical circuits, it is because parasitic capacitance and feedback resistance interact, thereby affecting the overall performance. To avoid this problem, the design of the TIA will be optimized next.
As shown in fig. 7, a complete TIA circuit with a parasitic input and a source of feedback capacitance. Wherein the total input capacitance is:
CIN＝CPD+CCM+CDIFF(2-1)
the design of a trans-impedance amplifier is mainly to determine the parameters of the photodiode and the selected operational amplifier, and the maximum expected photo-generated current (I) generated by the tested avalanche photodiode is obtained through data checking and circuit simulation experimentsPDmax) Is 10 μ A, whichJunction capacitance (C)PD) Is 5pF, shunt resistor Rsh67G Ω, common mode inverting input capacitance (C) of operational amplifier ADA4666-2CM) 8.5pF and differential input capacitance (C)DIFF) At 3pF, a gain-bandwidth product (GBP) of 4MHz, and an open-loop gain AOL130dB, i.e. 3.162MV/V, unity gain stabilized AVClMin ═ 1V/V, and the minimum voltage value (V) selectedOUTmin) Is 1V and the maximum voltage value (V)OUTmax) Is 4V.
Feedback resistor RFIs the value of (I) from the maximum photodiode currentPDmax) And the output voltage range of the operational amplifier. The test environment defines I as described in the preceding conditionsPDmaxWas 10. mu.A. In this circuit, VREFProviding VOUTminThe value is obtained. The maximum linear output of the amplifier determines VOUTmaxAnd (4) limiting values. So that the feedback resistance RFThe values are:
in order to improve the stability of the whole amplifying circuit, the influence of the feedback capacitor needs to be considered, and the feedback capacitor is properly adjusted to control various poles and zeros in the TIA circuit so as to control the overshoot. So it is next to estimate the value of the feedback capacitance. At present, Phase Margin (PM) is mostly used to judge the stability of the multi-pole negative feedback system, and it is clearly indicated that the system is stable when the phase margin is greater than 45 degrees. In an actual design circuit, however, there are many factors that affect the phase margin, resulting in a low value. Therefore, when designing an amplifier, the phase margin is usually set to about 60 degrees, so that the minimum phase margin of the amplifying circuit can be compensated to more than 45 degrees, thereby achieving a desirable stability.
As shown in fig. 8, is an estimation process for determining the feedback capacitance.
fAOLThe dominant pole in the open-loop gain curve of the operational amplifier is represented by the following formula:
in order to obtain an amplifier with the maximum stable bandwidth, the phase margin is set to 60 degrees, and f3dBIs the maximum stable bandwidth of the amplifier multiplied by tan 60. The formula is as follows:
fZis the first in the noise gain transfer curve and is also the only zero. The frequency depends on all the resistances and capacitances in the circuit.
fPIs the first of two poles in a noise gain system. The frequency depends on the frequency including RFAnd CFThe feedback system of (1).
Higher noise gain system frequency occurs at the open loop gain versus closed loop noise gain curve of the amplifier at fiAnd (4) intersecting.
In summary, the calculation formula for the TIA phase margin includes all the frequencies discussed above:
by the formula shown above, the feedback capacitance C required to make the phase margin of the transimpedance amplifier around 60 degrees can be estimatedF. By combining all the formulas above, R is obtainedF＝300KΩ，CFThe simulation results are shown in fig. 9, 1.41 pF:
and (3) output test: the output condition of the transimpedance amplifier when the maximum photo-generated current of the APD is 10 muA is simulated and tested, and the test result accords with the theoretical value calculation result as can be known from the table 3.
Table 3: test and theoretical values
In order to transmit the amplified electric signal to the single chip for processing, a voltage division circuit is also needed, circuit simulation is shown in fig. 10, the test result is 3.29V after being converted by the voltage division circuit under the maximum voltage output by the transimpedance amplification circuit, which shows that the voltage can be completely sampled by using an ADC channel of the development board.
2. Excreta physical Property analysis section:
2.1, ov7670 camera color identification technology: according to the principle of three primary colors, the amount of light is expressed in units of primary color light, and in the RGB color space, any color light F can be formed by adding and mixing R, G, B three different components: f ═ R [ R ] + G [ G ] + B [ B ]. The RGB color space can also be described by a three-dimensional cube, which includes almost all colors that can be perceived by human vision, and is one of the most widely used color systems at present. The camera ov7670 performs serial communication, and a Serial Camera Control Bus (SCCB) can read and write a camera register, so that an output image of the camera can be controlled. The SCCB is divided into two lines, namely a serial clock line SIO C and a serial data line SIO D, in the SCCB protocol, the start of receiving data is that when SIO C is in high level, SIO D goes down and starts to transmit, and the stop of receiving data is that when SIO C is in high level, SIO D goes up, so that the SCCB stops transmitting data. It is particularly noted that in addition to the two states of data start and end, during the data transmission, when SIO C is at high level, it is also ensured that the data on SIO D is stable, otherwise its timing is disordered, and the data in SIO D can only be changed when SIO C is at low level. In the invention, the highest generation frequency of the STM32 singlechip is 72Mhz, so that the processing of the data of the camera is slow, the processing amount needs to be reduced to improve the running speed, and the mode of QVGA is adopted. When the whole image is processed, the field interruption is triggered, so that the processing of a complete image is finished, which is also called a frame image. The Ov7670 camera collects RGB values of the colors, but there are many data storage modes in this mode, and storage of RGB565 is performed, and the time sequence is shown in FIG. 11.
R, G, B is composed of 0-255, and if the RGB value of a point is (255,0,0), it is red, (0,255,0) it is green, and (0, 255) it is blue, so the color value of each point is composed of different combinations of three RGB values in the whole recognition process. In the 16-bit data allocation, the R value takes 5 bits, the G value takes 6 bits, and the B value takes 5 bits. This can sufficiently maintain the true color. The data is transmitted from the camera in the form of RGB565, and in the single chip microcomputer, an algorithm is needed for extraction, and 16-bit data are subjected to shift, AND or AND operation for processing. The threshold value of a specific specified color can be managed, and if the values of RGB are within a certain range, the color is considered as the preset color.
2.2, ov7670 camera shape recognition technology: the system adopts a 0V7670 camera module with FIFO, the module has a CMOS image sensor with all functions of a single-chip VGA camera and an image processor, and VGA images of the module reach up to 30 frames/second. The internal registers are controlled via an SCCB bus similar to the 12C bus. The SCCB bus is a 3-wire serial camera control bus defined by OV corporation and can control most OV series image sensors. The SCCB can also operate in a 2-wire serial mode (SIO C and SIO D), can mount a plurality of slave devices under one SCCB bus, and can be additionally provided with a PWDN for turning off or turning on the slave device system.
The invention uses camera module QVGA output (320 x 240), the QVGA mode is RGB565 format. RGB565 uses 16 bits to represent a pixel, the upper 5 bits to represent R (red), the middle 6 bits to represent G (green), and the lower 5 bits to represent B (blue), i.e., coded as RRRRRGGGGGGBBBBB. Since the image data read from the FIFO of 0V7670 is in RGB565 format, the image will be disturbed by mottle, and a multi-valued image with uneven gray-level distribution is formed, so that the RGB image data needs to be masked and shifted to obtain component values, and then converted into binary image data to eliminate the disturbance. In a binary image, 0-level gray corresponds to black, and 255-level gray corresponds to white. After the image is binarized, the shape of an object can be detected by using an edge detection method of the image, the maximum value and the minimum value of row and column coordinates in black pixel data are mainly found out and are used as four boundaries of the upper boundary, the lower boundary, the left boundary and the right boundary of the image, and then the shape of the image is judged through a correlation algorithm. The shape determination is to determine the shape of the graph by determining the characteristics of the graph using the values of the coordinate points of the graph edge. For example, the shape of the square is characterized by the length being equal to the width, and the values of the length and the width are equal according to the characteristics. The central idea of the shape recognition algorithm is to judge the shape by using the geometric characteristics of different figures.
As shown in fig. 12, the method for recognizing the shape of excrement includes the following steps:
step 2.1, RGB image data of excrement is obtained through a camera, and component values are obtained by carrying out mask word and displacement operations on the RGB image data;
and 2.2, converting the data into binary image data to eliminate interference. In a binary image, 0-level gray corresponds to black, and 255-level gray corresponds to white;
and 2.3, detecting the shape of the object by using an edge detection method of the image after the image is binarized, and judging the shape of the image by finding out the maximum value and the minimum value of row and column coordinates in black pixel data as four boundaries of the upper, the lower, the left and the right of the image.
Further, the determination of the figure shape is to determine the feature of the figure by using the values of the coordinate points of the figure edge, and further determine the figure shape. For example, the shape of the square is characterized by the length being equal to the width, and the values of the length and the width are equal according to the characteristics. The central idea of the shape recognition algorithm is to judge the shape by using the geometric characteristics of different figures.
3. Heart rate body fat detection part:
3.1 heart rate measurement module: the invention adopts a single chip as a core control chip and is connected with functional modules of light source detection, alarm, key pressing, display, GSM communication and the like. Fig. 13 shows a GSM communication module interface diagram.
The system timing is completed by utilizing a timer in a single chip microcomputer system, and the basic principle is that when a hand of a user lightly touches a photoelectric sensor, a photoelectric sensor module can acquire infrared light irradiation light signals with different intensities according to different light transmittance caused by human blood flow, then the light signals are converted by the photoelectric sensor to generate electric signals, returned signals are counted by utilizing external interruption, then the number of pulses in a time interval is accumulated by the timer, and finally the number of pulse beats per minute of the user is calculated.
In consideration of a reasonable early warning function, a user can set upper and lower threshold values of the pulse rate according to personal actual conditions before testing, and the single chip microcomputer compares the collected and calculated pulse rate with a preset threshold value. If the measured value is not in the range of the set threshold value, the system sends a warning short message to the preset mobile phone through the GSM module.
As shown in fig. 14, the specific steps of the heart rate pulse health analysis are as follows:
3-1, irradiating the hand of the user by using a 570nmLED lamp, and sensing and outputting a pulse signal by using a first photoelectric sensor;
3-2, counting pulse signals of the first photoelectric sensor acquired in the interval time by the main controller;
step 3-3, comparing the pulse signal count with preset heart rate and pulse data; when the value is lower than the lowest threshold value or greater than the highest threshold value, health reminding is carried out; otherwise, judging the heart rate and pulse are healthy.
3.2 body fat measurement module: the invention adopts an accurate and convenient BIA (bioimpedance technology) measurement method to measure the body fat content, and the main principle is that micro-current passes through a human body through an electrode slice, human body cells are soaked in conductive extracellular fluid, and the cells are composed of conductive intracellular fluid which is wrapped by cell membranes capable of selectively permeating certain ions. The electrical properties of extracellular and intracellular fluids are close to electrical resistance, while cell membranes are equivalent to electrical capacitance. Therefore, as shown in fig. 15, the equivalent circuit of the human body should be a series-parallel network consisting of several resistors and capacitors, where Re is the extracellular fluid resistance, Ri is the intracellular fluid resistance, and C is the cell membrane capacitance;
since non-adipose tissue has a smaller electrical impedance than adipose tissue, when an alternating current is applied to the body, the current will mainly pass through the non-adipose tissue, the proportion of the current passing through the intra-and extra-cellular paths being frequency dependent. At low frequencies, the resistance of the intracellular pathway is quite large due to the capacitance of the cell membrane, and the current essentially passes only through the extracellular pathway.
The body is simply divided into conductive body fluid, muscle and the like, and non-conductive adipose tissue, and when the measurement is carried out, extremely small current is sent out by the electrode slice to pass through the body, if the fat ratio is high, the measured biological resistance is larger, and vice versa. The use is convenient, the reliability is high, and the BIA is accepted by the market and is used for measuring the body fat rate.
As shown in fig. 16, the specific steps of the body fat health analysis of the present invention are as follows:
step 4-1, allowing micro-current to pass through a human body through a contact electrode, and acquiring resistance change data by a master controller;
4-2, the main controller determines the current fat ratio based on the resistance change data;
4-3, comparing the current fat ratio with preset healthy body fat data; when the judgment result is that the patient is too thin or too fat, health reminding is carried out; otherwise, judging that the body fat is normal and prompting the body health.
4. Big data + health management: in the invention, in order to improve the accuracy of the system and accurately monitor the health condition of a human body, the system is provided with (1) blood, heart rate and body fat thresholds, (2) diseases possibly caused by different information reflected by the human body, (3) changes of the human body caused by different work and rest and diet rules, (4) the reaction of the excreted shape and color to certain conditions of the body, (5) improvement measures corresponding to different sub-health conditions of the body, and (6) the female physiological cycle and diet changes are compared with the data provider on the network to judge whether the digestive system and diet of a user have problems, so that reasonable and accurate health advice is given, and the daily health of the user is more comprehensively maintained.
The invention combines the spectrum detection technology, the BIA technology (biological resistance measurement method), the photoelectric sensor technology and the machine vision with an embedded system to realize the function of automatically monitoring the health in real time, and the adverse effect on the body caused by bad living habits is coped with.
It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. The embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The components of the embodiments of the present application, generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, can be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an intelligent closestool of real-time supervision health which characterized in that: the device comprises a main controller, a contact electrode connected with the main controller, a camera, a heart rate detection assembly and a blood detection assembly, wherein the camera acquires and acquires excrement images after toilet use, the contact electrode is arranged on the toilet and is in direct contact with a human body, the contact electrode outputs micro-current under the control of the main controller, the micro-current passes through the human body and the resistance change data is detected by the main controller, the heart rate detection assembly comprises an LED lamp and a first photoelectric sensor, the LED lamp irradiates the hand of a user through a narrow band filter, the first photoelectric sensor receives hand reflected light and converts the hand reflected light into pulse signals to be output to the main controller, the main controller utilizes a built-in timer to accumulate pulse times in a time interval, the blood detection assembly comprises an excitation light source, the narrow band filter and a Fresnel lens, the emergent light of the Fresnel lens is aligned with a second photoelectric sensor, and the emission light, the emission light of the excrement passes through the narrow band filter and the Fresnel lens in sequence and then is output to the main controller through the second photoelectric sensor, the second photoelectric sensor carries out photoelectric conversion to output a blood detection signal, and the main controller analyzes the blood detection signal to obtain spectral information so as to determine whether blood is contained.
2. The intelligent closestool for monitoring the human health in real time according to claim 1, wherein: the narrow-band filters are 260nm and 340nm narrow-band filters.
3. The intelligent closestool for monitoring the human health in real time according to claim 1, wherein: the excitation light source adopts ultraviolet light with the wavelength of 260nm as an excitation light source.
4. The intelligent closestool for monitoring the human health in real time according to claim 1, wherein: the second photosensor is selected from avalanche photodiodes.
5. The intelligent closestool for monitoring the human health in real time according to claim 1, wherein: the main controller is connected with the mobile terminal through the wireless communication module and interacts data with the mobile terminal.
6. The intelligent closestool for monitoring the human health in real time according to claim 1, wherein: as an optional implementation mode, the wireless communication module selects a GSM communication chip, a Bluetooth communication chip or other wireless communication chip sets.
7. The intelligent closestool for monitoring the human health in real time according to claim 1, wherein: the second photoelectric sensor is connected with the main controller through an amplifying circuit.
8. The intelligent closestool for monitoring human health in real time according to claim 7, wherein: the amplifying circuit comprises an operational amplifier, the positive input end of the operational amplifier is connected with the anode of the second photoelectric sensor, the negative input end of the operational amplifier is connected with the cathode of the second photoelectric sensor, and the junction capacitor and the shunt resistor are respectively connected with the two ends of the second photoelectric sensor in parallel.
9. The intelligent closestool for monitoring human health in real time according to claim 8, wherein: the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the negative input end of the operational amplifier through a feedback RC circuit, the feedback RC circuit comprises a feedback resistor and a feedback capacitor, the output end of the operational amplifier is respectively connected with one end of the feedback resistor and one end of the feedback capacitor, and the other end of the feedback resistor and the other end of the feedback capacitor are connected with the negative input end of the operational amplifier.
10. A method for monitoring an intelligent toilet capable of monitoring human health in real time, which adopts the intelligent toilet capable of monitoring human health in real time as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized in that: the method comprises an excrement blood detection part, an excrement shape identification part, a heart rate and pulse health analysis part and a body fat health analysis part;
the specific method steps of the excrement blood detection are as follows:
step 1-1, controlling the emitted light of an excitation light source to excite diluted excrement, and acquiring a blood detection signal sensed by a second photoelectric sensor by a main controller;
step 1-2, judging whether the blood detection signal is greater than a first voltage threshold value representing a maximum value of the voltage without blood; if yes, executing the step 1-3; otherwise, judging the health of the object to be detected, reporting the result and finishing the current detection;
step 1-3, judging whether the blood detection signal is greater than a second voltage threshold value representing the voltage upper limit value of the special period; if yes, executing the step 1-4; otherwise, judging that the disease risk exists and carrying out health reminding on the tested object; wherein the second voltage threshold is greater than the first voltage threshold;
step 1-4, judging whether the object to be tested is in a special period; if yes, performing health reminding based on the big data analysis of the existing health risks; otherwise, judging that the disease risk exists and carrying out health reminding on the tested object;
the method for identifying the shape of the excrement comprises the following specific steps:
step 2.1, RGB image data of excrement is obtained through a camera, and component values are obtained by carrying out mask word and shift operation on the RGB image data;
step 2.2, converting the data into binary image data to eliminate interference; in a binary image, 0-level gray corresponds to black, and 255-level gray corresponds to white;
step 2.3, detecting the shape of an object by using an edge detection method of the image after the image is binarized, and judging the shape of the image by finding out the maximum value and the minimum value of row and column coordinates in black pixel data as four boundaries of an image, namely an upper boundary, a lower boundary, a left boundary and a right boundary;
the heart rate and pulse health analysis method comprises the following specific steps:
step 3-1, the LED lamp irradiates the hand of a user, and a first photoelectric sensor senses and outputs a pulse signal;
3-2, counting pulse signals of the first photoelectric sensor acquired in the interval time by the main controller;
step 3-3, comparing the pulse signal count with preset heart rate and pulse data; when the value is lower than the lowest threshold value or greater than the highest threshold value, health reminding is carried out; otherwise, judging the heart rate and pulse are healthy;
the specific steps of the body fat health analysis are as follows:
step 4-1, allowing micro-current to pass through a human body through a contact electrode, and acquiring resistance change data by a master controller;
4-2, the main controller determines the current fat ratio based on the resistance change data;
4-3, comparing the current fat ratio with preset healthy body fat data; when the judgment result is that the patient is too thin or too fat, health reminding is carried out; otherwise, judging that the body fat is normal and prompting the body health.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113466152A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-01 | 泉州师范学院 | Light condensation adjusting method of intelligent closestool spectrum detection device |
| CN114073504A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-22 | 四川护理职业学院 | Infant vital sign monitoring system and monitoring method |
| TWI796628B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2023-03-21 | 瑞愛生醫股份有限公司 | Bioinstrumentation apparatus and method |
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2020
- 2020-07-28 CN CN202010737422.2A patent/CN111857004A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| TWI796628B (en) * | 2021-01-15 | 2023-03-21 | 瑞愛生醫股份有限公司 | Bioinstrumentation apparatus and method |
| CN113466152A (en) * | 2021-07-06 | 2021-10-01 | 泉州师范学院 | Light condensation adjusting method of intelligent closestool spectrum detection device |
| CN114073504A (en) * | 2021-11-26 | 2022-02-22 | 四川护理职业学院 | Infant vital sign monitoring system and monitoring method |
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