CN111856201A - Calibration method for ground fault arc current - Google Patents

Calibration method for ground fault arc current Download PDF

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CN111856201A
CN111856201A CN202010082001.0A CN202010082001A CN111856201A CN 111856201 A CN111856201 A CN 111856201A CN 202010082001 A CN202010082001 A CN 202010082001A CN 111856201 A CN111856201 A CN 111856201A
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ground fault
arc
fault arc
partial discharge
ground
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CN111856201B (en
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刘红文
张恭源
柴晨超
张春丽
张扬
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Electric Power Research Institute of Yunnan Power Grid Co Ltd
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/081—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors
    • G01R31/086—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks according to type of conductors in power transmission or distribution networks, i.e. with interconnected conductors
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/08—Locating faults in cables, transmission lines, or networks
    • G01R31/088—Aspects of digital computing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
    • G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
    • G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials

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Abstract

The application discloses a method for calibrating ground fault arc current, which utilizes pulse voltage generated at two ends of an arc gap at the moment when an arc is generated, extinguished and reignited when a neutral point non-effective grounding system is in ground fault to obtain the local discharge quantity generated by the ground fault arc, establishes the relation between the local discharge quantity and the ground fault arc current, and provides new fault characteristic parameters for ground fault detection and positioning, thereby being beneficial to providing a high-efficiency and high-sensitivity detection means for the ground fault detection and positioning. According to the method for calibrating the arc current of the ground fault, a new fault characteristic parameter for detecting and positioning the ground fault is provided, and the calibration process of taking the local discharge amount as the ground fault characteristic parameter is simple, convenient and fast, and is convenient to popularize and use widely.

Description

Calibration method for ground fault arc current
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of power grid fault detection, in particular to a calibration method of ground fault arc current.
Background
The medium-voltage distribution network system of 6kV to 35kV mostly adopts a neutral point ungrounded mode or a neutral point arc suppression coil grounding mode, and is called a neutral point non-effective grounding mode or a small current grounding system. Single-phase grounding is a common fault in power distribution grid systems, indicating a short circuit between one of the phases of a three-phase system and ground. After a single-phase earth fault occurs in a power distribution network system, fault detection and positioning need to be accurately and quickly carried out so as to carry out isolation and protection measures on the single-phase earth fault, thereby ensuring the stable operation of the power distribution network system.
At present, a single-phase ground fault detection and positioning method generally adopts fault current and voltage characteristic parameters during single-phase ground fault to characterize, and utilizes the voltage and current magnitude, the ratio, zero-sequence voltage and current components and the like to judge fault conditions and determine fault positions. For example, application No. cn201910624131.x discloses a low-current ground fault detection method based on zero-sequence component analysis, which acquires a characteristic frequency band according to a lower-limit cutoff frequency and a sampling frequency of a shortest line of an overhead line and a shortest line of a cable of a power transmission line by acquiring a zero-sequence current signal and a voltage signal of the power transmission line, calculates a proportional coefficient of integral of the zero-sequence voltage signal and the zero-sequence current signal in the characteristic frequency band, further judges a fault condition of the power transmission line, and determines a fault branch. However, the high-resistance grounding cannot be effectively distinguished due to small zero-sequence component, so that fault detection and positioning are difficult.
In summary, the current methods of detecting and positioning the ground fault by voltage and current are very low in sensitivity due to the influence of ground fault resistance, so that the fault operation of the power distribution network belt is caused, and personal, power grid and equipment accidents can be caused due to the existence of arc grounding current. Therefore, a characteristic parameter with higher sensitivity for detecting and characterizing a ground fault is desired.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a calibration method of ground fault arc current, which aims to solve the problem that the calculation process is complex for the existing fault characteristic parameters for detecting and positioning the arc suppression coil to compensate the ground fault.
The application provides a calibration method of ground fault arc current, which comprises the following steps:
calibrating the arc current I with the compensation ground fault at the moment of generation of the ground fault arc specifically comprises,
obtaining fault phase voltage of line with ground fault
Figure RE-GDA0002692116280000011
Wherein, U is phase voltage amplitude of fault line before arcing, omega is angular frequency of power distribution network system, and when ground fault arc is generated, first pulse voltage of ground fault arc
Figure RE-GDA0002692116280000012
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure RE-GDA0002692116280000013
is t1Phase of faulted phase voltage at time t1For the time of occurrence of ground fault, RhIs arc resistance, i is ground fault arc current;
collecting a first partial discharge q generated by a ground fault arc1Wherein the first partial discharge amount q1And a first pulse voltage Deltau1Has the following relationship q1＝Δu1(Cx+Cy) Wherein, CxAnd CyIs the capacitance to ground of the non-faulty line;
first pulse voltage Deltau according to ground fault arc1And a first partial discharge amount q1Calculating the uncompensated earth fault arc current i at the moment of generating the fault arc;
Calculating the arc current I with the compensation ground fault at the fault arc generation moment according to the uncompensated arc current I with the ground fault at the fault arc generation moment;
calibrating the arc current I with the compensation ground fault at the reignition moment of the ground fault arc specifically comprises,
second pulse voltage of ground fault arc during reignition of ground fault arc
Figure RE-GDA0002692116280000014
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure RE-GDA0002692116280000021
is t2Phase of faulted phase voltage at time t2For the moment of re-ignition of the earth fault, omega is the angular frequency of the distribution network system, RhIs an arc resistance;
collecting a second partial discharge q generated by the ground fault arc2Wherein the second partial discharge amount q2And a second pulse voltage Deltau2Has the following relationship q2＝Δu2(Cx+Cy) Wherein, CxAnd CyIs the capacitance to ground of the non-faulty line;
according to the second pulse voltage and the second partial discharge q of the ground fault arc2Calculating the uncompensated earth fault arc current i at the moment of reignition of the fault arc;
and calculating the ground fault arc current I with compensation at the reignition moment of the fault arc according to the uncompensated ground fault arc current I at the reignition moment of the fault arc.
Optionally, the formula for calculating the ground fault arc current I with compensation at the time of fault arc generation is as follows: i ═ I + I LWherein i isLIs the inductor circuit current.
Optionally, the formula for the ground fault arc current with compensation I at the time of the fault arc reignition is: i ═ I + ILWherein i isLIs the inductor circuit current.
Alternatively, the inductive-circuit current iLIn the opposite direction to the uncompensated ground fault arc current i.
Alternatively, the uncompensated ground fault arc current i at the time of fault arc generation is calculated by the formula:
Figure RE-GDA0002692116280000022
optionally, the uncompensated ground fault arc current at the time of the fault arc reignition i is calculated by the formula:
Figure RE-GDA0002692116280000023
optionally, the calculation formula of the uncompensated ground fault arc current i is:
Figure RE-GDA0002692116280000024
wherein q is the first partial discharge amount q1Or a second partial discharge q2Δ t is the first pulse voltage Δ u1Corresponding time variation or second pulse voltage Deltau2The corresponding time variation.
Optionally, the formula for the ground fault arc current with compensation I is:
Figure RE-GDA0002692116280000025
wherein, CxAnd CyFor the capacitance to ground of the non-faulty line, Deltau is the first pulse voltage Deltau1Or the second pulse voltage Deltau2，
Figure RE-GDA0002692116280000026
Rate of change of voltage per unit time.
Optionally, said collecting a first partial discharge q of the ground fault arc1The method specifically comprises collecting a first partial discharge quantity q of the ground fault arc by using a partial discharge test device when the ground fault occurs 1。
Optionally, the collecting a second partial discharge q of the ground fault arc2The method specifically comprises collecting a second partial discharge quantity q of the ground fault arc by using a partial discharge test device when the ground fault is reignited2。
The application provides a method for calibrating ground fault arc current, when a neutral point non-effective grounding system arc suppression coil is used for compensating ground faults, pulse voltage generated at two ends of an arc gap at the moment of arc generation, arc extinction and reignition is utilized, the local discharge quantity generated by the arc suppression coil for compensating the ground fault arc is calculated, the relation between the local discharge quantity and the arc suppression coil for compensating the ground fault arc is established, new fault characteristic parameters are provided for detecting and positioning the arc suppression coil for compensating the ground fault, and therefore a high-efficiency and high-sensitivity detection means is provided for detecting and positioning the arc suppression coil for compensating the ground fault. In the calibration method of the ground fault arc current, a new fault characteristic parameter for detecting and positioning the arc suppression coil to compensate the ground fault is provided, and the calculation process of the fault characteristic parameter is simple and convenient, and is convenient to widely popularize and use.
The method for calibrating the arc of the ground fault by adopting the local discharge capacity can provide a new thought and a new method for detecting and positioning the ground fault, can be used for detecting and positioning the ground fault, and realizes high-sensitivity detection of the ground fault, particularly the high-resistance ground fault, thereby ensuring the safe and stable operation of the power distribution network.
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In order to more clearly explain the technical solution of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram of a power distribution network system when an arc suppression coil compensating ground fault occurs;
FIG. 2 is a graph of arc-suppression coil compensating ground fault arc recovery voltage variation;
FIG. 3 is a graph of gap voltage of an arc suppression coil compensating a ground fault arc;
fig. 4 shows (a) an equivalent circuit diagram when the arc suppression coil compensates for the extinguishing of the ground fault arc, and (b) an equivalent circuit diagram when the arc suppression coil compensates for the reignition of the ground fault arc.
Detailed Description
The application provides a calibration method of ground fault arc current, which is used for calibrating the magnitude of partial discharge generated by compensating ground fault (hereinafter, briefly described as ground fault) of an arc-extinguishing coil. The ground fault arc current with compensation is used as a fault characteristic parameter of the ground fault, and can be used for detecting and positioning the ground fault of the power distribution network system, and fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of the power distribution network system when the ground fault occurs.
The application provides a calibration method of ground fault arc current, which comprises the following steps.
Fig. 2 is a curve of voltage change of arc suppression coil compensating for ground fault arc recovery, and with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2, a method for calibrating ground fault arc current includes:
step S100, calibrating the arc current I with the compensation ground fault at the moment of generating the ground fault arc, specifically comprising,
step S110, obtaining the fault phase voltage of the line with the ground fault
Figure RE-GDA0002692116280000031
Wherein, U is phase voltage amplitude of fault line before arcing, omega is angular frequency of power distribution network system, and when ground fault arc is generated, first pulse voltage of ground fault arc
Figure RE-GDA0002692116280000032
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure RE-GDA0002692116280000033
is t1Phase of faulted phase voltage at time t1For the time of occurrence of ground fault, RhIs arc resistance, i is ground fault arc current.
In the present application, the first pulse voltage Δ u of the ground fault arc is compensated by the acquisition arc suppression coil1The method specifically comprises the steps of collecting a first pulse voltage delta u of an arc suppression coil compensating ground fault arc by using a partial discharge testing device when the arc suppression coil compensating ground fault occurs1。
Step S120, collecting a first partial discharge quantity q generated by the ground fault arc1Wherein the first partial discharge amount q 1With the first pulsePressure Δ u1Has the following relationship q1＝Δu1(Cx+Cy) Wherein, CxAnd CyIs the capacitance to ground of the non-faulted line.
In the present application, the first partial discharge q of the ground fault arc is collected1The method specifically comprises collecting a first partial discharge quantity q of the ground fault arc by using a partial discharge test device when the ground fault occurs1。
Step S130, according to the first pulse voltage delta u of the ground fault arc1And a first partial discharge amount q1The uncompensated earth fault arc current i at the time of fault arc generation is calculated.
In the present application, the formula for calculating the uncompensated ground fault arc current i at the time of generating the fault arc is as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0002692116280000034
step S140, calculating the compensated earth fault arc current I at the time of generating the fault arc according to the uncompensated earth fault arc current I at the time of generating the fault arc.
In the present application, the formula for calculating the ground fault arc current I with compensation at the time of generating the fault arc is as follows: i ═ I + ILWherein i isLIs an inductor current, wherein the inductor current iLIn the opposite direction to the uncompensated ground fault arc current i.
The arc suppression coil compensates for the arc generated by the ground fault and extinguishes or reignites after the current zero crossing. FIG. 3 is a graph showing the gap voltage curve of the arc suppression coil compensating the ground fault arc, as shown in FIG. 3, after the zero crossing of the ground current of the arc suppression coil compensating fault phase, two related processes, namely a medium recovery process and a voltage recovery process, are simultaneously performed in the arc gap and on the arc gap, and the maximum voltage that the arc gap medium can bear is recorded as u jfThe recovery voltage of the arc is uhf. Whether the arc is extinguished depends on u in the two processesjfAnd uhfThe size of (2). Maximum voltage u that can be withstood by arc gap mediumjfGreater than the recovery voltage u of the archfWhen the arc is extinguished and the arc extinguishing coil compensates for the ground fault, the fault is equivalent to an open circuit, and the equivalent circuit is shown in fig. 4 (a). If at a certain moment the recovery voltage u of the arc is presenthfHigher than the highest voltage u that the arc gap medium can bearjfLess than this, the arc reignites, and the equivalent circuit is shown in FIG. 4(b), where RhI is fault phase ground current, u is fault phase voltage, C is equivalent arc resistancea、Cb、CcIs the system capacitance to ground.
Step S200, calibrating the arc current I with the compensation ground fault at the reignition moment of the ground fault arc, specifically comprising,
step S210, second pulse voltage of the earth fault arc when the earth fault arc is reignited
Figure RE-GDA0002692116280000041
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure RE-GDA0002692116280000042
is t2Phase of faulted phase voltage at time t2For the moment of re-ignition of the earth fault, omega is the angular frequency of the distribution network system, RhIs an arc resistance.
In the present application, the second pulse voltage Δ u of the ground fault arc is compensated by the acquisition arc suppression coil2The method specifically comprises collecting a second pulse voltage Deltau of the arc suppression coil compensating the ground fault arc by using a partial discharge test device when the arc suppression coil compensates the ground fault re-ignition 2。
Step S220, collecting a second partial discharge quantity q generated by the earth fault arc2Wherein the second partial discharge amount q2And a second pulse voltage Deltau2Has the following relationship q2＝Δu2(Cx+Cy) Wherein, CxAnd CyIs the capacitance to ground of the non-faulted line.
In the present application, the second partial discharge q of the earth fault arc is collected2The method specifically comprises the step of using local discharge test equipment when the earth fault is reignitedSecond partial discharge q of the ground fault arc is collected2。
Step S230, according to the second pulse voltage of the earth fault arc and the second partial discharge quantity q2An uncompensated ground fault arc current i at the time of fault arc reignition is calculated.
In the present application, the formula for calculating the uncompensated earth fault arc current i at the time of arc restrike is:
Figure RE-GDA0002692116280000043
step S240, calculating the compensated earth fault arc current I at the time of the fault arc reignition according to the uncompensated earth fault arc current I at the time of the fault arc reignition.
In the present application, the calculation formula of the ground fault arc current I with compensation at the time of reignition of the fault arc is: i ═ I + ILWherein i isLIs an inductor current, wherein the inductor current iLIn the opposite direction to the uncompensated ground fault arc current i.
The present application also provides another method of calculating the uncompensated ground fault arc current I and the compensated ground fault arc current I. Wherein, the calculation formula of the uncompensated earth fault arc current i is as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0002692116280000044
wherein q is the first partial discharge amount q1Or a second partial discharge q2Δ t is the first pulse voltage Δ u1Corresponding time variation or second pulse voltage Deltau2The corresponding time variation. The formula for calculating the ground fault arc current with compensation I is as follows:
Figure RE-GDA0002692116280000045
wherein, CxAnd CyFor the capacitance to ground of the non-faulty line, Deltau is the first pulse voltage Deltau1Or the second pulse voltage Deltau2，
Figure RE-GDA0002692116280000046
Rate of change of voltage per unit time.
The application provides a method for calibrating ground fault arc current, when a neutral point non-effective grounding system arc suppression coil is used for compensating ground faults, pulse voltage generated at two ends of an arc gap at the moment of arc generation, arc extinction and reignition is utilized, the local discharge quantity generated by the arc suppression coil for compensating the ground fault arc is calculated, the relation between the local discharge quantity and the arc suppression coil for compensating the ground fault arc is established, new fault characteristic parameters are provided for detecting and positioning the arc suppression coil for compensating the ground fault, and therefore a high-efficiency and high-sensitivity detection means is provided for detecting and positioning the arc suppression coil for compensating the ground fault. In the calibration method of the ground fault arc current, a new fault characteristic parameter for detecting and positioning the arc suppression coil to compensate the ground fault is provided, and the calculation process of the fault characteristic parameter is simple and convenient, and is convenient to widely popularize and use.
The above-described embodiments of the present application do not limit the scope of the present application.

Claims (6)

1. A calibration method for ground fault arc current is characterized by comprising the following steps:
calibrating the earth fault arc current i at the moment of earth fault arc generation, specifically comprising,
obtaining fault phase voltage of line with ground fault
Figure FDA0002380630200000011
Wherein, U is phase voltage amplitude of fault line before arcing, omega is angular frequency of power distribution network system, and when ground fault arc is generated, first pulse voltage of ground fault arc
Figure FDA0002380630200000012
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002380630200000013
is t1At all timesPhase of the barrier phase voltage, t1For the time of occurrence of ground fault, RhIs arc resistance, i is ground fault arc current;
collecting a first partial discharge q generated by a ground fault arc1Wherein the first partial discharge amount q1And a first pulse voltage Deltau1Has the following relationship q1＝Δu1(Cx+Cy) Wherein, CxAnd CyIs the capacitance to ground of the non-faulty line;
first pulse voltage Deltau according to ground fault arc1And a first partial discharge amount q1Calculating the earth fault arc current i at the moment of generating the fault arc;
calibrating the earth fault arc current i at the earth fault arc reignition moment, specifically comprising,
second pulse voltage of ground fault arc during reignition of ground fault arc
Figure FDA0002380630200000014
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
Figure FDA0002380630200000015
is t2Phase of faulted phase voltage at time t2For the moment of re-ignition of the earth fault, omega is the angular frequency of the distribution network system, RhIs an arc resistance;
collecting a second partial discharge q generated by the ground fault arc2Wherein the second partial discharge amount q2And a second pulse voltage Deltau2Has the following relationship q2＝Δu2(Cx+Cy) Wherein, CxAnd CyIs the capacitance to ground of the non-faulty line;
according to the second pulse voltage and the second partial discharge q of the ground fault arc2And calculating the earth fault arc current i at the moment of the fault arc reignition.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the fault arc is generatedThe formula for calculating the arc current i of the earth fault at the moment is as follows:
Figure FDA0002380630200000016
3. the method for calibrating ground fault arc current according to claim 1, wherein the formula for calculating the ground fault arc current i at the reignition moment of the fault arc is as follows:
Figure FDA0002380630200000017
4. the method for calibrating ground fault arc current according to claim 1, wherein the formula for calculating the ground fault arc current i is as follows:
Figure FDA0002380630200000018
wherein q is the first partial discharge amount q1Or a second partial discharge q2Δ t is the first pulse voltage Δ u1Corresponding time variation or second pulse voltage Deltau 2The corresponding time variation.
5. The method for calibrating ground fault arc current according to claim 1, wherein said collecting a first partial discharge q of a ground fault arc1The method specifically comprises collecting a first partial discharge quantity q of the ground fault arc by using a partial discharge test device when the ground fault occurs1。
6. The method for calibrating ground fault arc current according to claim 1, wherein the second partial discharge q of the ground fault arc is collected2The method specifically comprises collecting a second partial discharge quantity q of the ground fault arc by using a partial discharge test device when the ground fault is reignited2。
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