CN111855797B - Quick detection method and system for grouting quality of pore canal - Google Patents
Quick detection method and system for grouting quality of pore canal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method and a system for rapidly detecting the grouting quality of a pore canal. A method for rapidly detecting the grouting quality of a pore canal comprises the following steps: s1, a variable frequency seismic source device and a signal receiving sensor are commonly arranged at any end of a pore canal, the signal receiving sensor is arranged at the center position of an anchor head, and the variable frequency seismic source device is arranged at the end position of an edge steel strand of the anchor head; s2, performing autocorrelation decoding on the actually measured signal to obtain a decoded signal, extracting a characteristic value of the decoded signal to obtain a signal attenuation coefficient of the variable-frequency vibration signal, judging whether the signal attenuation coefficient is smaller than a first preset value, and if so, judging that the grouting quality reaches the standard; if not, judging that the grouting quality does not reach the standard. According to the method for detecting the grouting quality of the duct, disclosed by the invention, the grouting quality can be rapidly detected only by arranging the frequency conversion seismic source device and the signal receiving sensor at the same end of the duct, so that the detection efficiency is greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a channel grouting quality detection, in particular to a channel grouting quality rapid detection method and system.
Background
Along with the rapid development of the construction industry of the traffic infrastructure in China, the number of bridges in China is rapidly increased, and the prestressed concrete structure is widely applied to large bridge structures due to obvious technical and economic advantages. In the prestressed concrete structure bridge, the advantage of the prestressed system is that the quality of the grouting effect (compactness) of the pore canal directly influences the safety, the reliability and the service life of the whole prestressed concrete structure on the basis that the prestressed tendons are well bonded with the concrete.
Recent tests and open-cell verification show that in most cases, the void length of the grouting of the prestressed pore canal of the actual beam body is about 10% to 20% of the test length, and the pore canal is filled with water. If grouting compactness is poor in the pore canal (void and water filling exist), the bonding integrity of the prestressed reinforcement and concrete is damaged, and the existence of water and air accelerates the corrosion and rust breaking of the prestressed reinforcement in the pore canal, so that potential safety hazards are brought to a prestressed system of a bridge, and even engineering accidents and great economic losses are caused. Therefore, the development of the grouting quality rapid nondestructive testing method for the bridge prestressed duct has important significance.
At present, the stress wave method has better application effect in grouting quality detection of a bridge prestressed duct, but the following problems are needed to be solved. The frequency of the hammering or electromagnetic vibration source which is usually used in the detection process is uncontrollable and irregular, so that the received seismic wave data is unstable, the signal cannot be accurately analyzed, the analysis result is low in accuracy, and the detection result is evaluated by experience to a great extent; on the other hand, because the resolution of the actually measured signal is low, excitation devices and receiving devices are generally required to be respectively arranged at two ends of the pore canal, and a transmission wave method is used for solving the speed and attenuation coefficient of the stress wave, so that a simple and rapid reflected wave detection method with single-end excitation and reception cannot be adopted.
Patent document with the patent number ZL201610224703.1 discloses a prestress pore canal grouting quality detection method, which comprises the following steps: fastening an end plate of the grouting quality detection device with an anchor backing plate by bolts and nuts; starting a vacuum pump to pump air in the prestressed duct; starting a grouting pump, grouting the prestressed duct from the grouting hole; and removing the connecting bolt and nut of the end plate and the anchor backing plate after the slurry is solidified, taking down the grouting quality detection device, checking the integrity and the compactness of the hardened slurry wrapping the anchor head and the steel strand, and evaluating the filling degree of the slurry. The grouting quality detection device is used for detecting grouting quality of the prestressed duct, so that the grouting quality of the duct can be simply and conveniently detected, and effective quality supervision is realized to ensure grouting construction quality. This method requires that it must be performed during construction and is also an efficiency and accuracy issue.
Therefore, the existing field of grouting quality detection of the pore canal has defects, and the improvement are still needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method and a system for rapidly detecting grouting quality of a duct, which can realize rapid detection of grouting quality of the duct by arranging a device at one end of the duct.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for rapidly detecting the grouting quality of a pore canal comprises the following steps:
s1, a variable frequency seismic source device and a signal receiving sensor are commonly arranged at any end of a pore canal, the signal receiving sensor is arranged at the center position of an anchor head, and the variable frequency seismic source device is arranged at the end position of an edge steel strand of the anchor head;
s2, starting the variable frequency vibration source device to send out a variable frequency vibration signal, detecting an actual measurement signal by the signal receiving sensor, performing autocorrelation decoding on the actual measurement signal to obtain a decoding signal, extracting a characteristic value of the decoding signal to obtain a signal attenuation coefficient of the variable frequency vibration signal, judging whether the signal attenuation coefficient is smaller than a first preset value, and if so, judging that the grouting quality meets the standard; if not, judging that the grouting quality does not reach the standard.
The method for detecting the grouting quality of the duct is preferably adopted, and the autocorrelation decoding is to decode the actually measured signal by using fast Fourier forward and backward transformation; the autocorrelation decoding is solved by the following formula:
wherein R (τ) is the decoded signal; f (t) is the measured signal; f (ω) is the spectrum of the measured signal.
The actual measurement signals comprise the variable frequency vibration signals and reflected wave signals after the variable frequency vibration signals reach the other end of the pore canal; the calculation formula of the signal attenuation coefficient alpha is as follows:
wherein alpha is a signal attenuation coefficient; a is that 1 The characteristic value of the variable frequency vibration signal in the actual measurement signal is obtained; a is that 2 The characteristic value of the reflected wave signal in the actual measurement signal is obtained; a is that 1 And A 2 Obtained by solving the decoded signal R (τ).
In step S2, when determining whether the grouting quality meets the standard, the method obtains grouting compactness through the signal attenuation coefficient, uses the grouting compactness to determine, and specifically includes:
when the grouting compactness is greater than a second preset value, judging that the grouting quality meets the standard; otherwise, judging that the grouting quality does not reach the standard.
The preferable method for rapidly detecting the grouting quality of the pore canal is characterized in that the grouting compactness is obtained by the following formula:
D＝k(1-α)·100％；
wherein D is grouting compactness; k is a calculated compactness correction coefficient; alpha is the signal attenuation coefficient.
In the preferred rapid detection method for the grouting quality of the pore canal, the variable-frequency vibration signals are equal-amplitude equal-interval linear incremental signals; the frequency range of the variable-frequency vibration signal is 10Hz-20000Hz.
A channel grouting quality detection system using the channel grouting quality rapid detection method comprises a variable frequency seismic source device, a signal receiving sensor and a signal processor; the signal receiving sensor is connected with the signal processor;
the variable frequency seismic source device and the signal receiving sensor are arranged on an anchorage device at one end of the pore canal together;
the variable frequency vibration source device is arranged at the end position of the edge steel strand of the anchor and is used for exciting variable frequency vibration signals;
the signal receiving sensor is arranged at the central position of the anchor device and is used for detecting the actual measurement signal and sending the actual measurement signal to the signal processor.
Preferably, the channel grouting quality detection system comprises a vibration controller, a frequency converter, a driver and a vibrator which are sequentially connected.
The vibrator comprises a vibrator body, a permanent magnet, a vibrating coil and a shell; the permanent magnet ring is attached to the inner side surface of the shell, and the vibrating coil is arranged in the inner space of the permanent magnet; one part of the vibration body is positioned outside the shell to form a vibration head, and the other part of the vibration body is positioned in the shell and penetrates through the middle part of the vibration coil.
In the preferable tunnel grouting quality detection system, the installation position of the variable frequency seismic source device is the center of the steel strand on the anchor.
Compared with the prior art, the method and the system for rapidly detecting the grouting quality of the pore canal have the following beneficial effects:
1) According to the method for detecting the grouting quality of the duct, disclosed by the invention, the grouting quality can be rapidly detected only by arranging the frequency conversion seismic source device and the signal receiving sensor at the same end of the duct, so that the detection efficiency is greatly improved;
2) According to the detection method, the linear frequency modulation signals generated by the variable frequency vibration source device are used for grouting quality detection, and when the vibration amplitude is determined to be in the elastic range, the frequency spectrum and the energy are controllable by adjusting the frequency sweep interval and the vibration time; meanwhile, the linear frequency modulation signal has the characteristics of good relativity, high resolution, strong anti-interference capability and the like, in the conversion process, the method is based on Fourier positive and negative transformation, and then a spectrum autocorrelation algorithm is adopted to decode and analyze the actually measured signal;
3) The invention adopts a reflected wave method signal acquisition mode, can accurately identify characteristic values such as reflected signal travel time, energy attenuation coefficient and the like, and calculates stress wave speed and tunnel grouting compactness according to the characteristic values; compared with the conventional two-end transmission wave method, the method has the effects of simple field work arrangement and convenient and fast signal acquisition process, and simultaneously effectively improves the grouting quality detection precision and detection efficiency of the bridge prestressed pipeline.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for rapidly detecting grouting quality of a duct provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is an assembly view of a signal receiving sensor and a vibroseis device in a fast detecting party provided by the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the assembled detection system end anchor head of FIG. 2 provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of a frequency converted vibration signal provided by the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph of the frequency spectrum of the measured signal and the decoded signal received by the signal receiving sensor provided by the invention;
FIG. 6 is a block diagram of a rapid detection system for grouting quality in a tunnel provided by the invention;
FIG. 7 is a circuit diagram of a source device and controller according to the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a vibrator in a vibroseis device provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention clearer and more specific, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1-8, the present invention provides a method for rapidly detecting grouting quality of a duct, comprising the steps of:
s1, jointly arranging a variable frequency seismic source device 1 and a signal receiving sensor 3 at any end of a pore canal, wherein the signal receiving sensor 3 is arranged at the center of an anchor head, and the variable frequency seismic source device 1 is arranged at the end position of an edge steel strand of the anchor head; the anchor head at the other end of the pore canal can be in a blocking state or a exposing state, and the emitted variable-frequency vibration signal can be reflected back when arriving; specifically, in the grouting quality detection method provided by the invention, the variable frequency seismic source device 1 and the signal receiving sensor 3 are arranged at the same end, so that the manual workload can be reduced, in general, after grouting of a pore canal is finished, the positions of anchors exposed at two ends of the pore canal are generally closed by using concrete, and if the grouting quality detection method is used in the prior art, the closed concrete at two ends is required to be removed for normal measurement; however, by using the detection method provided by the invention, measurement can be realized by removing the concrete for sealing one end; meanwhile, the problem that a long connecting wire is required or a vibration source is not linked exists by using the two-end distribution method, and particularly under the condition that a pore canal is long, the implementation is complicated and resources are wasted;
s2, starting the variable frequency vibration source device 1 to send out variable frequency vibration signals, detecting actual measurement signals by the signal receiving sensor 3, performing autocorrelation decoding on the actual measurement signals to obtain decoded signals, extracting characteristic values of the decoded signals to obtain signal attenuation coefficients of the variable frequency vibration signals, judging whether the signal attenuation coefficients are smaller than a first preset value, and if yes, judging that grouting quality reaches the standard; if not, judging that the grouting quality does not reach the standard.
Specifically, in general, the anchor installed in the tunnel has a plurality of prestressed steel strands, and a port of each steel strand can be seen at a position of an anchor head, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the source device 1 is installed at a central position of the prestressed steel strands, and the signal receiving sensor 3 is installed at a central position of the anchor head. The invention adopts a reflected wave method signal acquisition mode, namely a signal receiving sensor 3 and a variable frequency vibration source device 1 are simultaneously arranged on the section of any one end of a pore canal, the signal receiving sensor 3 is arranged at the center of an anchorage device, the variable frequency vibration source device 1 excites a variable frequency vibration signal through a vibration head contact steel strand on a vibrator, the signal receiving sensor 3 firstly receives the variable frequency vibration signal, the variable frequency vibration signal forwards propagates along the steel strand in the pore canal, and generates a reflected wave signal after reaching the other end of the pore canal, the signal receiving sensor 3 receives the variable frequency vibration signal and the reflected wave signal, namely receives the actual measurement signal, then the characteristic value of the actual measurement signal is extracted, and then the signal attenuation coefficient is obtained, so that whether the grouting quality meets the standard is conveniently judged; meanwhile, according to the travel time of the reflected wave signal and the signal attenuation coefficient, the wave speed and the grouting compactness can be calculated, and the accuracy of grouting quality judgment is improved.
In this embodiment, considering that the measured signal further includes a large amount of interference signals, the decoded signal is obtained by decoding the measured signal and filtering the interference signals; the autocorrelation decoding is to decode the measured signal using a fast fourier forward and backward transform;
the autocorrelation decoding is solved by the following formula:
wherein R (τ) is the decoded signal; f (t) is the measured signal; f (ω) is the spectrum of the measured signal; z (omega) is an intermediate data formula for taking different values of omega in different intervals; FT (FT) -1 Is an inverse fourier transform.
In this embodiment, the measured signal includes the variable frequency vibration signal and a reflected wave signal reflected from the variable frequency vibration signal after reaching the other end of the duct; the calculation formula of the signal attenuation coefficient alpha is as follows:
wherein alpha is a signal attenuation coefficient; a is that 1 The characteristic value of the variable frequency vibration signal in the actual measurement signal is obtained; a is that 2 The characteristic value of the reflected wave signal in the actual measurement signal is obtained; a is that 1 And A 2 The decoding signal R (τ) is obtained by solving, and is not limited to a method commonly used in the art, as long as the eigenvalue result illustrated in fig. 5 can be obtained.
In an embodiment, the variable-frequency vibration signal is a constant-amplitude and equidistant linear increasing signal; the frequency range of the variable-frequency vibration signal is 10Hz-20000Hz, and the variable-frequency vibration signal is a linear frequency modulation signal, and has high resolution and strong anti-interference capability.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4 and 5, the measured signal a detected by the signal receiving sensor 3 includes a variable frequency vibration signal generated by the variable frequency vibration source device 1 and a reflected signal generated by reflecting the variable frequency vibration signal from the other end of the duct, and other interference signals. The measured signals contain rich information, and if the measured signals are directly analyzed, the resolution is very low, and the characteristic values such as the travel time and the attenuation coefficient of the reflected signals are difficult to identify and extract. Therefore, according to the detection method provided by the invention, according to the characteristics of good correlation, high resolution, strong anti-interference capability and the like of the linear frequency modulation signals, the spectrum autocorrelation algorithm is adopted to decode and analyze the actually measured signals, and the obtained decoded signal B has very high resolution.
In theory and a large amount of experimental data results show that when grouting is not performed in the pore canal, the propagation capability attenuation of the variable frequency vibration signal in the pore canal is small, and the signal attenuation coefficient is approximately equal to 1.0, namelyIn contrast, when the grouting quality in the duct is good, the propagation energy of the variable frequency vibration signal in the duct decays rapidly, the received reflected wave signal energy is very small, and the signal attenuation coefficient is approximately equal to 0, namely->Based on the above results, when the grouting quality is determined, only the first preset value needs to be set, and the size of the first preset value is set according to the specific requirements of the site, and is generally between 0.9 and 1.0. Of course, in the process of calculating the signal attenuation coefficient, the characteristic value A of the variable frequency vibration signal is accurately grasped 1 And the characteristic value A of the emission wave signal of the variable frequency vibration signal in the actual measurement signal 2 This requires knowledge of the travel time Δt of the variable-frequency vibration signal and, at the same time, the transmission wave speed V of the variable-frequency vibration signal by +.>Wherein L is the length of the pore canal.
In the preferred embodiment, in the step S2, when determining whether the grouting quality meets the standard, the grouting compactness is obtained through the signal attenuation coefficient, and the grouting compactness is used for determining, specifically:
when the grouting compactness is greater than a second preset value, judging that the grouting quality meets the standard; otherwise, judging that the grouting quality does not reach the standard.
Preferably, in this embodiment, the measured signal feature value is a signal attenuation coefficient α; the grouting compactness is obtained by the following formula:
wherein alpha is a signal attenuation coefficient; k is a calculated compactness correction factor, and is generally 1.0.
The present invention provides an actual measurement signal autocorrelation decoding algorithm and a characteristic value extraction calculation method mainly by using the variable frequency vibration source device 1 and the signal receiving sensor 3, wherein the actual measurement signal is an actual measurement signal received by a sensor installed on an anchor, and the actual measurement signal comprises a variable frequency vibration signal generated by the variable frequency vibration source device 1 and a reflection signal generated by reflecting the variable frequency vibration signal from the other end of a duct. The actually measured signal has high signal to noise ratio after being decoded through frequency spectrum correlation, reflected signal travel time delta t and energy attenuation coefficient alpha=A2/A1 can be easily obtained through the decoded signal, and accordingly stress wave speed and tunnel grouting compactness can be calculated, and tunnel grouting quality can be rapidly detected and evaluated.
Correspondingly, referring to fig. 6-8 together, the invention also provides a channel grouting quality detection system using the channel grouting quality rapid detection method, which comprises a frequency conversion seismic source device 1, a signal receiving sensor 2 and a signal processor 3; the signal receiving sensor 2 is connected with the signal processor 3; specifically, the signal receiving sensor 3 is preferably an acceleration sensor; the signal processor is preferably an MCU (Microcontroller Unit, micro control unit) or a computer or server; of course, the corresponding hardware device or software driver for signal acquisition and conversion is provided between the signal processor 3 and the signal receiving sensor 2, which are common technical means in the art, and are not limited in particular; for example, when the signal receiving sensor 2 is an acceleration sensor having no signal conversion function, the signal receiving sensor 2 and the signal processor 3 may be provided with a signal acquisition device commonly used in the art for performing transcoding; of course, in general, when the signal processor 3 is selected, a signal processor device capable of transcoding is selected;
the variable frequency seismic source device 1 and the signal receiving sensor 2 are arranged on an anchorage device at one end of the duct together;
the variable frequency vibration source device 1 is arranged at the end position of the edge steel strand of the anchor and is used for exciting variable frequency vibration signals;
the signal receiving sensor 2 is arranged at the central position of the anchor and is used for detecting the actual measurement signal and sending the actual measurement signal to the signal processor 3.
In the preferred embodiment, the installation position of the vibroseis device 1 is the center of the steel strand on the anchor.
In a preferred embodiment, the vibroseis device 1 includes a vibration controller 14, a frequency converter 11, a driver 12, and a vibrator 13, which are sequentially connected.
Preferably, in the present embodiment, the vibrator 13 includes a vibrator 131, a permanent magnet 132, a vibrating coil 133, and a housing 134; the permanent magnet 132 is attached to the inner side surface of the housing 134, and the vibration coil 133 is installed in the inner space of the permanent magnet 132; one part of the vibration body 131 is positioned outside the shell 134 to form a vibration head, and the other part is positioned in the middle part of the shell 134 passing through the vibration coil 133.
In the preferred embodiment, the vibroseis device 1 and the signal receiving sensor 3 are arranged on the section of any end of the duct.
In the present embodiment, the vibration controller 14 is preferably a processor chip of the model EP4CE10F23I 8.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the type of the control chip U1 in the vibration controller 14 is not limited, and the frequency converter 11 can be driven to work according to a corresponding instruction, and preferably, the vibration controller 14 is a processor chip with the type of EP4CE10F23I8 in a cyclic 4 series chip of the Altera company in the united states. The frequency converter 11 is provided with a frequency conversion chip U2, and the frequency conversion chip U2 is produced by AD company in the United states and has a signal of AD 9850. The data ports AD9850_d0, AD9850_d1, AD9850_d2, AD9850_d3, AD9850_d4, AD9850_d5, AD9850_d6 and AD9850_d7 in the control chip U1 are respectively connected with D0LSB, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6 and D7MSB/SER in the variable frequency chip U2; the RESET pin AD9850_reset in the control chip U1 is connected with the RESET pin RESET in the variable frequency chip U2, the serial clock pin AD9850_SCLK in the control chip U1 is connected with the clock pin W_CLK in the variable frequency chip U2, the frequency lifting control pin AD9850_FQUD in the control chip U1 is connected with the frequency control pin FQ_UD in the variable frequency chip U2, and the main clock pin DACLK in the control chip U1 is connected with the main clock pin CLKIN in the variable frequency chip U2; the frequency conversion chip U2 generates a sine wave, the frequency range is 10Hz to 20000Hz, the frequency change is equal-amplitude equal-interval linear increment (Chirp signal), and the minimum change amount is 0.1Hz. The driver 12 is provided with a driving chip U3, the driving chip U3 is preferably a power amplifier with the model THS3121 of the company TI in U.S., the output port IOUTB of the frequency converter 11 is grounded through a resistor, the preferred scheme of the resistor is 10KΩ, the output port IOUT of the frequency converter 11 is connected with the input port VIN-of the driving chip U3, and the input port VIN+ of the driver 12 is directly grounded; the maximum driving power of the driver 12 is 30W and the maximum driving voltage is 30V. The connection part not illustrated in fig. 2 is a peripheral circuit of the corresponding device, and is not particularly limited.
During operation, the vibration controller 14 sets the starting frequency, the ending frequency and the frequency increment of the frequency converter 11, meanwhile, the vibration controller 14 provides an operating clock for the frequency converter 11, and during operation, the frequency converter 11 generates a variable frequency waveform according to the set frequency increment from the starting frequency to the ending frequency under the control of the vibration controller 14, and the variable frequency waveform can be one-time or circularly continuous. The cyclic succession refers to executing the frequency conversion wave output of the equal-amplitude equal-interval current increment for a plurality of times after executing the equal-amplitude equal-interval current increment. The frequency conversion waveform signal generated by the frequency converter 11 is too weak, and the power requirement of the vibrator 13 can be met under the amplification of the driving chip.
Specifically, the frequency converter 11 is a frequency converter 11 commonly used in the art, and the automatic adjustment of the running speed rate of the motor is realized through the conversion of the power supply frequency, for example, the fixed power grid frequency of 50Hz is changed into the variable frequency of 30-130 Hz. The frequency converter 11 provided by the invention can be converted into a variable frequency with the frequency of 10-20000 Hz. The driver 12 is controlled to drive the vibrator 13 to perform vibration detection outwards according to the frequency, so that hidden danger situations of the position to be detected can be fed back in all directions.
The variable-frequency vibration signals are equal-amplitude equal-interval linear incremental signals; the frequency range of the variable-frequency vibration signal is 10Hz-20000Hz. Specifically, the constant-amplitude equidistant linear increment signal is that the initial frequency is low, and then the same frequency is used for amplification until the maximum frequency signal is reached, and the linear increment signal is not a stage increment, but a smooth increment. As shown in fig. 4, in the present invention, the frequency-converted signal sent by the frequency converter 11 is from the initial frequency f1=20 Hz to the maximum frequency f2=10 KHz within 32ms, and then the next cycle time is 32ms, and the frequency converter 11 outputs the equal-amplitude equal-interval linear increment signal again, and the cycle is repeated.
The materials of the shell 134 and the vibrator 131 in the vibrator 13 are stainless steel 304, and the material of the vibrating coil 133 in the vibrator 13 is copper. The driver 12 is provided with a connector male head J1, the vibrator 13 is provided with a connector female head J2, and the connector male head J1 is connected with the connector female head J2; the rated impedance of the vibrator 13 is 4 ohms, the rated power is 25W, and the response frequency ranges from 10Hz to 20000Hz. In operation, the vibrating coil 133 in the vibrator 13 obtains an alternating current, generates an alternating magnetic field, and generates a telescopic motion by the vibrating coil 133 under the action of the magnetic field of the permanent magnet 132, and the vibrating body 131 generates a forward and backward motion along with the vibrating coil 133 due to the fact that the vibrating body 131 is fixed on the vibrating coil 133, wherein the forward and backward motion is generated by a variable frequency signal sent by the frequency converter 11.
It will be understood that equivalents and modifications will occur to those skilled in the art in light of the present invention and their spirit, and all such modifications and substitutions are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention as defined in the following claims.
Claims (5)
1. A method for rapidly detecting the grouting quality of a pore canal grouting quality detection system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, a variable frequency seismic source device and a signal receiving sensor are commonly arranged at any end of a pore canal, the signal receiving sensor is arranged at the center position of an anchor head, and the variable frequency seismic source device is arranged at the end position of an edge steel strand of the anchor head;
s2, starting the variable frequency vibration source device to send out a variable frequency vibration signal, detecting an actual measurement signal by the signal receiving sensor, performing autocorrelation decoding on the actual measurement signal to obtain a decoding signal, extracting a characteristic value of the decoding signal to obtain a signal attenuation coefficient of the variable frequency vibration signal, judging whether the signal attenuation coefficient is smaller than a first preset value, and if so, judging that the grouting quality meets the standard; if not, judging that the grouting quality does not reach the standard; the variable-frequency vibration signals are equal-amplitude equal-interval linear incremental signals; the frequency range of the variable-frequency vibration signal is 10Hz-20000Hz;
the autocorrelation decoding is to decode the measured signal using a fast fourier forward and backward transform; the autocorrelation decoding is solved by the following formula:
；
；
wherein,to decode the signal; />Is the measured signal; />A frequency spectrum for the measured signal;
the actually measured signal comprises the variable frequency vibration signal and a reflected wave signal after the variable frequency vibration signal reaches the other end of the pore canal; the signal attenuation coefficientThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
；
wherein,is the signal attenuation coefficient; />The characteristic value of the variable frequency vibration signal in the actual measurement signal is obtained; />The characteristic value of the reflected wave signal in the actual measurement signal is obtained; />And->By means of the decoding signal->Solving to obtain;
the tunnel grouting quality detection system comprises a variable frequency seismic source device, a signal receiving sensor and a signal processor; the signal receiving sensor is connected with the signal processor;
the variable frequency seismic source device and the signal receiving sensor are arranged on an anchorage device at one end of the pore canal together;
the variable frequency vibration source device is arranged at the end position of the edge steel strand of the anchor and is used for exciting variable frequency vibration signals; the installation position of the variable frequency seismic source device is the center of a steel strand on an anchor;
the signal receiving sensor is arranged at the central position of the anchor device and is used for detecting the actual measurement signal and sending the actual measurement signal to the signal processor.
2. The method for rapidly detecting the grouting quality of the duct according to claim 1, wherein in step S2, when determining whether the grouting quality meets the standard, the grouting compactness is obtained through the signal attenuation coefficient, and the grouting compactness is used for determining, specifically:
when the grouting compactness is greater than a second preset value, judging that the grouting quality meets the standard; otherwise, judging that the grouting quality does not reach the standard.
3. The rapid detection method for grouting quality of a duct according to claim 2, wherein the grouting compactness is obtained by the following formula:
；
wherein,the grouting compactness is obtained; />Calculating a compactness correction coefficient; />Is the signal attenuation coefficient.
4. The rapid tunnel grouting quality detection method according to claim 1, wherein the variable frequency seismic source device comprises a vibration controller, a frequency converter, a driver and a vibrator which are connected in sequence.
5. The rapid detection method of tunnel grouting quality according to claim 4, wherein the vibrator comprises a vibrator, a permanent magnet, a vibrating coil and a housing; the permanent magnet ring is attached to the inner side surface of the shell, and the vibrating coil is arranged in the inner space of the permanent magnet; one part of the vibration body is positioned outside the shell to form a vibration head, and the other part of the vibration body is positioned in the shell and penetrates through the middle part of the vibration coil.
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