CN111855612A - Reference and measurement integrated dual-function photoelectric detector and detection system - Google Patents
Reference and measurement integrated dual-function photoelectric detector and detection system Download PDFInfo
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- CN111855612A CN111855612A CN202010646278.1A CN202010646278A CN111855612A CN 111855612 A CN111855612 A CN 111855612A CN 202010646278 A CN202010646278 A CN 202010646278A CN 111855612 A CN111855612 A CN 111855612A
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N21/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
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Abstract
The invention relates to a reference and measurement integrated dual-function photoelectric detector and a detection system, which comprise a reference photoelectric detector, a measurement photoelectric detector and a light splitting optical fiber collimator; a reference gas chamber is arranged in the reference photoelectric detector, and the reference gas chamber is filled with a gas to be detected; the light splitting optical fiber collimator comprises a light incidence joint, a parallel light emitting head, a reflected light emitting head and an optical fiber assembly; the parallel light emitting head is respectively connected with the light incident joint and the reflected light emitting head through the optical fiber assembly; the reference photoelectric detector is connected with the parallel light emergent head light path, and the measurement photoelectric detector is connected with the reflected light emergent head light path. The invention integrates the photoelectric detector with the reference function, the photoelectric detector with the measurement function and the optical splitter with the light splitting function, thereby greatly reducing the volume and the weight of the whole detection system, improving the stability and the reliability of the gas detection sensitivity and greatly reducing the cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of gas detection, in particular to a dual-function photoelectric detector integrating reference and measurement and a detection system.
Background
A real-time online gas content detection system based on a TDLAS (tunable semiconductor laser absorption spectroscopy) technology is a detection system for measuring the content of corresponding gas through the absorption of the gas on laser with specific wavelength. It is an advanced high-sensitivity and quick-response new-generation gas detection technology. The technology has high measurement precision which can reach the ppm (parts per million) level; the accuracy is high, and the specific component gas in the mixed gas can be detected; the response speed is high and can reach millisecond response magnitude; the optical detection method has the characteristics of interference resistance and explosion resistance, and can be used for detecting flammable and explosive gases.
In a TDLAS technology-based real-time online gas content detection system, in order to achieve high-precision measurement, it is necessary to ensure that the operating center wavelength of a laser in a laser system is exactly aligned with the absorption wavelength of a gas to be detected, taking methane gas as an example, the absorption wavelength is 1653.7nm, and therefore the wavelength of the laser in a laser methane sensor needs to be kept at 1653.7 ± 0.01 nm. However, the driving current of the laser, the ambient temperature, and other factors can cause the wavelength of the laser to drift, and the higher the ambient temperature, the longer the wavelength of the laser, and vice versa. Therefore, the reference air chamber is inoculated, and the reference air chamber refers to a sealed cavity filled with the measured gas with the specified concentration.
The gas on-line monitoring system with the reference gas chamber is a high-precision, high-stability and self-calibration gas detection system based on the tunable semiconductor laser absorption spectrum technology. In the monitoring system, a light beam of laser is divided into two parts according to the proportion of 1:1, one light beam passes through a measuring gas chamber to a measuring function detector, the other light beam passes through a reference gas chamber to a reference function photoelectric detector, and then the wavelength change of the laser under the influence of factors such as environment temperature is actively calibrated through the contrast between the responsivity of the measuring function detector and the responsivity of the reference function photoelectric detector.
However, the reference function photodetector, the measurement function photodetector and the optical splitter in the current online gas monitoring system with the reference gas chamber are all independent separate structures, and the separate gas monitoring system mainly has the following problems:
1. the stability of the detection sensitivity is low and the reliability is poor. The devices are mostly butted in an optical fiber quick joint or optical fiber fusion welding mode, the quality of butt joint cannot be actively adjusted, namely, light reflection generated after butt joint cannot be actively eliminated, so that the more the connectors are, the greater the return loss caused by optical system links is, the lower the stability of gas concentration detection sensitivity is, and the greater the zero point fluctuation is;
2. Large volume and high cost. The separate devices are single-function devices, and the active device and the passive device are connected through the optical fiber quick connector, so that the size of the whole system is large, the application in the fields of portable instruments and the like is limited, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a dual-function photoelectric detector integrating reference and measurement and a detection system, wherein the reference function photoelectric detector, the measurement function photoelectric detector and an optical splitter are integrated into an integrated structure, so that the volume and the weight of the whole detection system are greatly reduced, the stability and the reliability of gas detection sensitivity are improved, and the cost is greatly reduced.
The technical scheme for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a dual-function photoelectric detector integrating reference and measurement comprises a reference photoelectric detector, a measurement photoelectric detector and a light splitting optical fiber collimator; a reference gas chamber is arranged in the reference photoelectric detector, and the reference gas chamber is filled with a gas to be detected;
the light splitting optical fiber collimator comprises a light incidence joint, a parallel light emitting head, a reflected light emitting head and an optical fiber assembly;
The parallel light emitting head is respectively connected with the light incident joint and the reflected light emitting head through the optical fiber assembly; the reference photoelectric detector is connected with the parallel light emergent head light path, and the measurement photoelectric detector is connected with the reflected light emergent head light path.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: a reference gas chamber is arranged in the reference photoelectric detector, so that the reference photoelectric detector is a photoelectric detector with a reference function, the reference photoelectric detector is connected with a parallel light emitting head light path in the light splitting optical fiber collimator, the measuring photoelectric detector is connected with a reflected light emitting head light path in the light splitting optical fiber collimator, the parallel light emitting head is respectively connected with the light incident joint and the reflected light emitting head through optical fiber components, therefore, the laser emitted from the light incidence joint can be divided into two parts through the optical fiber component and the parallel light outlet head, one part is transmitted to the reference photoelectric detector, the other part is transmitted to the measurement photoelectric detector, by real-time comparison of the responsivity measured in the reference photodetector with that measured in the measurement photodetector, the wavelength of the incident laser is compared and calibrated in real time, so that the precision of the content measurement of the measured gas is improved; wherein, the light incident joint is similar to the traditional optical fiber joint;
Compared with the traditional photoelectric detector or gas detection system, the reference and measurement integrated dual-function photoelectric detector integrates the photoelectric detector with the reference function, the photoelectric detector with the measurement function and the optical branching unit with the light splitting function, not only can realize the function of a reference air chamber, but also can realize the function of gas measurement, and forms a dual-function integrated structure.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the invention also has the following improvements:
further: the reference photoelectric detector comprises a first tube body, a first photosensitive element, a first TO tube cap, a first TO tube seat, a first TO pin and a first tube cap lens;
the first photosensitive element, the first TO tube cap, the first TO tube seat and the first tube cap lens are all arranged inside the first tube body, the first TO tube pin is connected with the first TO tube seat and extends out of the first tube body, the first TO tube cap is covered on the first TO tube seat, the first tube cap lens is embedded on the first TO tube cap, and the first photosensitive element is fixed on the first TO tube seat and is electrically connected with the first TO tube pin; the first TO tube cap, the first tube cap lens and the first TO tube seat form the reference air chamber in a surrounding mode, and the first photosensitive element is located in the reference air chamber and opposite TO the first tube cap lens;
The measurement photoelectric detector comprises a second tube body, a second photosensitive element, a second TO tube cap, a second TO tube seat, a second TO pin and a second tube cap lens;
the second photosensitive element the second TO tube cap the second TO tube seat with second tube cap lens all set up inside the second body, the second TO pin with the second TO tube seat is connected and stretches out outside the second body, the second TO tube cap cover is established on the second TO tube seat, second tube cap lens are inlayed on the second TO tube cap, the second photosensitive element is fixed on the second TO tube seat, and with second tube cap lens is relative, the second photosensitive element with the second TO pin electricity is connected.
The beneficial effects of the further scheme are as follows: the photoelectric detector with the reference air chamber is characterized in that the first TO tube cap, the first tube cap lens and the first TO tube seat are encircled TO form the reference air chamber, emergent light of the parallel light emergent head is transmitted TO the first photosensitive element through the first TO tube cap lens through the photoelectric detector with the reference air chamber, the integrated photoelectric detector with the reference air chamber is formed, the original inner cavity of the photoelectric detector is designed, the cavity has two purposes, the purpose of protecting the air tightness package of electric devices such as the photosensitive element in the photoelectric detector is met, the performance requirement of the reference air chamber is met, the integral integration is further improved, and the cost is reduced; the structure of the measurement photoelectric detector is similar to the internal structure of the reference photoelectric detector, but a reference gas chamber is not formed, so that comparison with data detected by the reference photoelectric detector is facilitated, the measurement function is realized, and the purpose of gas detection is achieved.
Further: the reference photodetector further includes a first ceramic transition block;
the first ceramic transition block is fixed on the first TO tube seat, and a first included angle is formed between the upper end face of the first ceramic transition block and the first TO tube seat; the first photosensitive element is fixed on the upper end face of the first ceramic transition block;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the measuring photodetector further comprises a second ceramic transition block;
the second ceramic transition block is fixed on the second TO tube seat, and a second included angle is formed between the upper end face of the second ceramic transition block and the second TO tube seat; and the second photosensitive element is fixed on the upper end surface of the second ceramic transition block.
The beneficial effects of the further scheme are as follows: in the reference photoelectric detector, a first ceramic transition block with a first included angle is arranged between a first TO tube seat and a first photosensitive element, so that the included angle between the first TO tube seat and the first photosensitive element can be actively adjusted, on one hand, the included angle between parallel light emitted by a parallel light emitting head and incident on the first photosensitive element and the first photosensitive element is actively adjusted, the parallel light is enabled TO be non-vertically incident on the first photosensitive element, on the other hand, reflected light of a branch from the first photosensitive element TO the parallel light emitting head and then TO a light incident joint is actively adjusted, the return loss of the reflected light is effectively reduced, the noise of an optical system is reduced, and the stability of the gas detection sensitivity is effectively improved;
Similarly, in the photoelectric detector for measurement, through the second ceramic transition block with the second included angle, on one hand, the included angle between the incident light which is incident on the second photosensitive element by using the parallel light emitting head and the reflected light emitting head and the second photosensitive element can be actively adjusted, so that the incident light is not vertically incident on the second photosensitive element, on the other hand, the reflected light which is transmitted from the second photosensitive element to the reflected light emitting head and then to the branch of the light incident joint is actively adjusted, the return loss of the reflected light is effectively reduced, the noise of an optical system is reduced, and the stability of the gas detection sensitivity is effectively improved.
Further: the first included angle is greater than or equal to 4 degrees and smaller than 45 degrees;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the second included angle is greater than or equal to 4 degrees and less than 45 degrees.
The beneficial effects of the further scheme are as follows: the first included angle of the first ceramic transition block is larger than or equal to 4 degrees and smaller than 45 degrees, so that return loss of reflected light corresponding to reflected light of a branch from the first photosensitive element to the parallel light outgoing head and then to the light incidence joint is reduced to be lower than-70 db, and/or the second included angle of the second ceramic transition block is larger than or equal to 4 degrees and smaller than 45 degrees, so that return loss of reflected light corresponding to reflected light of a branch from the second photosensitive element to the reflected light outgoing head and then to the light incidence joint is reduced to be lower than-70 db, noise of an optical system is further reduced, and stability of gas detection sensitivity is further effectively improved.
Further: the parallel light emergent head comprises a collimating lens, a beam splitter, a steel ladle needle and a first pagoda sleeve structural part;
the steel ladle needle is arranged inside the first pagoda sleeve structural part, the collimating lens and the light splitting sheet are both arranged inside the steel ladle needle, and the steel ladle needle is sleeved with the first pipe body through the first pagoda sleeve structural part; the light incident joint, the optical fiber assembly, the collimating lens, the light splitting sheet and the first photosensitive element are connected in sequence through light paths.
The beneficial effects of the further scheme are as follows: the steel ladle plays a role in fixing and welding a collimating lens and a light splitting sheet in the steel ladle, and the whole steel ladle needle and the structure in the steel ladle needle are welded with a reference photoelectric detector through a first precious tower sleeve structural member, so that the collimating lens, the light splitting sheet and a first photosensitive element can be connected in a better light path, light energy transmitted to the collimating lens and then transmitted to the light splitting sheet in a light incidence joint is divided into two parts, one part of light is effectively incident to the first photosensitive element through the light splitting sheet, the other part of light is effectively reflected to a reflected light outlet head through the light splitting sheet and then is incident to a second photosensitive element, and double functions (namely a reference function and a measurement function) are realized at the same time; the proportion of the beam splitter splitting the light transmitted from the collimating lens into two parts can be any proportion, and can also be a preset proportion, for example, the beam splitter splitting the light transmitted from the collimating lens into two parts in a ratio of 1: 1.
Further: the optical fiber assembly comprises a double-hole optical fiber capillary;
the collimating lens is connected with the light incident joint light path through the double-hole optical fiber capillary.
The beneficial effects of the further scheme are as follows: the light incident joint is connected with the collimating lens through the double-hole optical fiber capillary light path, so that light energy transmitted to the collimating lens in the light incident joint can be divided into two parts, one part of light energy can be incident into the first photosensitive element better, the other part of light energy can be incident into the reflected light emitting head better, and the reference function and the measurement function can be realized better.
Further: the pitch between two optical fiber capillaries of the double-hole optical fiber capillary is greater than or equal to 135 μm.
The beneficial effects of the further scheme are as follows: when the hole distance between two optical fiber capillaries of the double-hole optical fiber capillary is larger than or equal to 135 micrometers, compared with the traditional double-hole optical fiber capillary, the distance between the double holes is enlarged, so that the included angle between parallel light transmitted from the light incidence joint and the central axis of the collimating lens after the incident light is emitted sequentially through the double-hole optical fiber capillary, the collimating lens and the light splitting sheet is larger than or equal to 1.8 degrees, namely the emergent angle of the parallel light emitted from the parallel light emitting head is increased, the emergent angle is increased, the light reflection return loss can be further effectively reduced, the reflection return loss can be further reduced to be lower than-70 db, the noise of an optical system is reduced, and the stability of the gas detection sensitivity is further effectively improved.
Further: the reflected light emergent head comprises an optical fiber ceramic ferrule and a second pagoda sleeve structural member;
the optical fiber ceramic ferrule is arranged inside the second pagoda sleeve structural part and is sleeved with the second pipe body through the second pagoda sleeve structural part; the parallel light emitting head, the optical fiber assembly, the optical fiber ceramic ferrule and the second photosensitive element are connected in sequence through an optical path.
The beneficial effects of the further scheme are as follows: the optical fiber ceramic ferrule is arranged inside the second pagoda sleeve structure part, and the second pagoda sleeve structure part welds the whole reflected light emitting head and the structure inside the reflected light emitting head with the measuring photoelectric detector together, so that part of light split from the parallel light emitting head is effectively transmitted to the second photosensitive element through the optical fiber ceramic ferrule, and the measuring function is better realized.
Further: the light-emitting end face of the optical fiber ceramic ferrule is an inclined face, and an included angle between the inclined face and the horizontal direction is larger than or equal to 8 degrees.
The beneficial effects of the further scheme are as follows: through the optical fiber ceramic ferrule with the inclined surface more than or equal to 8 degrees, part of light energy split from the parallel light emitting head is transmitted to the second photosensitive element in the form of divergent light or convergent light with a larger included angle with a main optical axis, the function of gas measurement is further better realized, light reflection is reduced, and the zero point stability of detection is improved.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a detection system integrating reference and measurement, which is applied to a dual-function photodetector integrating reference and measurement in the present invention, and further comprises a laser and a measurement gas chamber;
the laser is connected with the light incident joint through the measuring gas chamber.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the laser emitted by the laser passes through the measuring gas chamber and then is connected with the light incident joint light path in the dual-function photoelectric detector integrating reference and measurement, so that the light energy emitted by the laser is divided into two parts, one part is transmitted to the reference photoelectric detector, the other part is transmitted to the measuring photoelectric detector, and the incident laser wavelength is contrasted and calibrated in real time through the contrast of the responsivity measured in the reference photoelectric detector and the measuring photoelectric detector, thereby improving the precision of content measurement of the measured gas, realizing a gas detection system with smaller volume, lighter weight and higher integration degree, improving the stability and reliability of gas detection sensitivity and greatly reducing the cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a dual-function reference and measurement photodetector according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reference photodetector according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a measurement photodetector according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a collimated light emitting head according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a reflected light emitting head according to the present invention.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1. the reference photoelectric detector, 2, a measurement photoelectric detector, 3, a light splitting optical fiber collimator, 10, a first tube body, 11, a first photosensitive element, 12, a first TO tube cap, 13, a first TO tube seat, 14, a first TO pin, 15, a first tube cap lens, 16, a first ceramic transition block, 20, a second tube body, 21, a second photosensitive element, 22, a second TO tube cap, 23, a second TO tube seat, 24, a second TO pin, 25, a second tube cap lens, 26, a second ceramic transition block, 321, a collimating lens, 332, a light splitting sheet, 323, a steel-clad needle, 324, a first pagoda sleeve structural part, 331, an optical fiber ceramic ferrule, 332, a second pagoda sleeve structural part, 341 and a double-hole optical fiber capillary tube.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of this invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, which are set forth by way of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In a first embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a dual-function photodetector integrating reference and measurement includes a reference photodetector 1, a measurement photodetector 2, and a spectroscopic optical fiber collimator 3; a reference gas chamber is arranged in the reference photoelectric detector 1, and the reference gas chamber is filled with a gas to be detected;
the light splitting optical fiber collimator 3 comprises a light incident joint 31, a parallel light emergent head 32, a reflected light emergent head 33 and an optical fiber assembly 34;
the parallel light emitting head 32 is optically connected to the light incident connector 31 and the reflected light emitting head 33 through the optical fiber assembly 34; the reference photodetector 1 is optically connected to the parallel light emitting head 32, and the measurement photodetector 2 is optically connected to the reflected light emitting head 33.
The working principle of the reference and measurement integrated dual-function photoelectric detector in the embodiment is as follows:
a reference gas chamber is arranged in the reference photoelectric detector, so that the reference photoelectric detector is a photoelectric detector with a reference function, the reference photoelectric detector is connected with a parallel light emitting head light path in the light splitting optical fiber collimator, the measuring photoelectric detector is connected with a reflected light emitting head light path in the light splitting optical fiber collimator, the parallel light emitting head is respectively connected with the light incident joint and the reflected light emitting head through optical fiber components, therefore, the laser emitted from the light incidence joint can be divided into two parts through the optical fiber component and the parallel light outlet head, one part is transmitted to the reference photoelectric detector, the other part is transmitted to the measurement photoelectric detector, by real-time comparison of the responsivity measured in the reference photodetector with that measured in the measurement photodetector, the wavelength of the incident laser is compared and calibrated in real time, so that the precision of the content measurement of the measured gas is improved; wherein, the light incident joint is similar to the traditional optical fiber joint;
The reference of this embodiment and the difunctional photoelectric detector of measurement integration, compare with traditional photoelectric detector or gaseous detecting system, the photoelectric detector with reference function, the photoelectric detector of measurement function and the optical branching unit integration of beam split function are in an organic whole, can realize the function of reference air chamber, can realize gaseous measuring function again, form the integrated structure of dual function, it only needs one to reduce to from three fiber connector in traditional detecting system, greatly reduced whole detecting system's volume and weight, the light reflection return loss has effectively been reduced, the stability and the reliability of gaseous detection sensitivity have been improved, and greatly reduced the cost, the cost is only half of traditional detecting system cost, be particularly suitable for using widely in the gaseous detection field.
Specifically, the light incidence connector is an optical fiber quick connector such as FC/PC or FC/APC.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 2, the reference photodetector 1 includes a first body 10, a first photosensor 11, a first TO cap 12, a first TO socket 13, a first TO pin 14, and a first cap lens 15;
the first photosensitive element 11, the first TO tube cap 12, the first TO tube seat 13 and the first tube cap lens 15 are all arranged inside the first tube body 10, the first TO tube pin 14 is connected with the first TO tube seat 13 and extends out of the first tube body 10, the first TO tube cap 12 covers the first TO tube seat 13, the first tube cap lens 14 is embedded on the first TO tube cap 11, and the first photosensitive element 11 is fixed on the first TO tube seat 13 and is electrically connected with the first TO tube pin 14; the first TO pipe cap 12, the first pipe cap lens 15 and the first TO pipe seat 13 surround TO form the reference air chamber, and the first photosensitive element 11 is located in the reference air chamber and opposite TO the first pipe cap lens 15;
As shown in fig. 3, the measuring photodetector 2 includes a second body 20, a second photosensor 21, a second TO tube cap 22, a second TO tube seat 23, a second TO pin 24, and a second tube cap lens 25;
the second photosensitive element 21, the second TO tube cap 22, the second TO tube seat 23 and the second tube cap lens 25 are all arranged inside the second tube body 20, the second TO pin 24 is connected with the second TO tube seat 23 and extends out of the second tube body 20, the second TO tube cap 22 covers the second TO tube seat 23, the second tube cap lens 24 is embedded on the second TO tube cap 21, the second photosensitive element 21 is fixed on the second TO tube seat 23 and is opposite TO the second tube cap lens 25, and the second photosensitive element 21 is electrically connected with the second TO pin 24.
The photoelectric detector with the reference air chamber is characterized in that the first TO tube cap, the first tube cap lens and the first TO tube seat are encircled TO form the reference air chamber, emergent light of the parallel light emergent head is transmitted TO the first photosensitive element through the first TO tube cap lens through the photoelectric detector with the reference air chamber, the integrated photoelectric detector with the reference air chamber is formed, the original inner cavity of the photoelectric detector is designed, the cavity has two purposes, the purpose of protecting the air tightness package of electric devices such as the photosensitive element in the photoelectric detector is met, the performance requirement of the reference air chamber is met, the integral integration is further improved, and the cost is reduced; the structure of the measurement photoelectric detector is similar to the internal structure of the reference photoelectric detector, but a reference gas chamber is not formed, so that comparison with data detected by the reference photoelectric detector is facilitated, the measurement function is realized, and the purpose of gas detection is achieved.
Specifically, the preparation method of the reference and measurement integrated dual-function photodetector in this embodiment is as follows:
s101: the first photosensitive element is welded on the first TO tube seat and electrically connected with the first TO pin, the first TO tube cap is welded on the first TO tube seat in a resistance welding mode, a reference air chamber formed by enclosing the inner wall of the first TO tube cap and the inner wall of the first TO tube seat is filled with a gas TO be measured, and the first tube body is fixed on the first TO tube seat in a laser welding or brazing or gluing mode;
s102: the second light-sensitive element is welded on the second TO tube seat and is electrically connected with the second TO pin, the second TO tube cap is welded on the second TO tube seat in a resistance mode, and the second tube body is fixed on the second TO tube seat in a laser welding or brazing or gluing mode;
s103: optically aligning a parallel light emitting head in a light splitting optical fiber collimator with the first tube body, and fixing the parallel light emitting head with the first tube body by adopting a laser welding or brazing or gluing mode; and meanwhile, the reflected light emitting head in the light splitting optical fiber collimator is optically aligned with the second tube body, and the reflected light emitting head and the second tube body are fixed in a laser welding or brazing or gluing mode.
In the second embodiment, on the basis of the first embodiment, a dual-function photodetector integrating reference and measurement is provided, as shown in fig. 2, the reference photodetector 1 further includes a first ceramic transition block 16;
the first ceramic transition block 16 is fixed on the first TO tube seat 13, and a first included angle is formed between the upper end surface of the first ceramic transition block 16 and the first TO tube seat 13; the first photosensitive element 11 is fixed on the upper end face of the first ceramic transition block 16;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
as shown in fig. 3, the measuring photodetector 2 further comprises a second ceramic transition block 26;
the second ceramic transition block 26 is fixed on the second TO tube seat 23, and a second included angle is formed between the upper end face of the second ceramic transition block 26 and the second TO tube seat 23; the second photosensitive element 21 is fixed on the upper end face of the second ceramic transition block 26.
In the reference photoelectric detector, a first ceramic transition block with a first included angle is arranged between a first TO tube seat and a first photosensitive element, so that the included angle between the first TO tube seat and the first photosensitive element can be actively adjusted, on one hand, the included angle between parallel light emitted by a parallel light emitting head and incident on the first photosensitive element and the first photosensitive element is actively adjusted, the parallel light is enabled TO be non-vertically incident on the first photosensitive element, on the other hand, reflected light of a branch from the first photosensitive element TO the parallel light emitting head and then TO a light incident joint is actively adjusted, the return loss of the reflected light is effectively reduced, the noise of an optical system is reduced, and the stability of the gas detection sensitivity is effectively improved;
Similarly, in the photoelectric detector for measurement, through the second ceramic transition block with the second included angle, on one hand, the included angle between the incident light which is incident on the second photosensitive element by using the parallel light emitting head and the reflected light emitting head and the second photosensitive element can be actively adjusted, so that the incident light is not vertically incident on the second photosensitive element, on the other hand, the reflected light of a branch from the second photosensitive element to the reflected light emitting head and then to the light incident joint is actively adjusted, the return loss of the reflected light is effectively reduced, the noise of an optical system is reduced, and the stability of the gas detection sensitivity is effectively improved.
Preferably, said first angle is greater than or equal to 4 ° and less than 45 °;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the second included angle is greater than or equal to 4 degrees and less than 45 degrees.
The first included angle of the first ceramic transition block is larger than or equal to 4 degrees and smaller than 45 degrees, so that return loss of reflected light corresponding to reflected light of a branch from the first photosensitive element to the parallel light outgoing head and then to the light incidence joint is reduced to be lower than-70 db, and/or the second included angle of the second ceramic transition block is larger than or equal to 4 degrees and smaller than 45 degrees, so that return loss of reflected light corresponding to reflected light of a branch from the second photosensitive element to the reflected light outgoing head and then to the light incidence joint is reduced to be lower than-70 db, noise of an optical system is further reduced, and stability of gas detection sensitivity is further effectively improved.
Specifically, the preparation method of the reference and measurement integrated dual-function photodetector in this embodiment is as follows:
s101: fixing a first photosensitive element on a first ceramic transition block by adopting an epoxy resin silver paste or brazing mode, welding the first ceramic transition block on a first TO tube seat, electrically connecting the first photosensitive element with a first TO tube pin, welding a first TO tube cap on the first TO tube seat in a resistance welding mode, filling a reference air chamber formed by encircling the inner wall of the first TO tube cap and the inner wall of the first TO tube seat with a gas TO be detected, and fixing a first tube body on the first TO tube seat by adopting a laser welding or brazing or gluing mode;
s102: fixing a second photosensitive element on a second ceramic transition block by adopting an epoxy resin silver paste or brazing mode, welding the second ceramic transition block on a second TO tube seat, electrically connecting the second photosensitive element with a second TO tube pin, welding a second TO tube cap on the second TO tube seat in a resistance manner, and fixing a second tube body on the second TO tube seat by adopting a laser welding or brazing or gluing mode;
s103: optically aligning a parallel light emitting head in a light splitting optical fiber collimator with the first tube body, and fixing the parallel light emitting head with the first tube body by adopting a laser welding or brazing or gluing mode; and meanwhile, the reflected light emitting head in the light splitting optical fiber collimator is optically aligned with the second tube body, and the reflected light emitting head and the second tube body are fixed in a laser welding or brazing or gluing mode.
Third, on the basis of the first and second embodiments, a dual-function photodetector integrating reference and measurement is provided, as shown in fig. 4, the parallel light emitting head 32 includes a collimating lens 321, a beam splitter 322, a ladle needle 323, and a first pagoda sleeve structure 324;
the steel ladle needle 323 is arranged inside the first pagoda sleeve structure 324, the collimating lens 321 and the light splitting sheet 322 are both arranged inside the steel ladle needle 323, and the steel ladle needle 323 is sleeved with the first tube 10 through the first pagoda sleeve structure 324; the light incident joint 31, the optical fiber assembly 34, the collimating lens 321, the light splitting sheet 322 and the first photosensitive element 11 are sequentially connected by an optical path.
The steel ladle plays a role in fixing and welding a collimating lens and a light splitting sheet in the steel ladle, and the whole steel ladle needle and the structure in the steel ladle needle are welded with a reference photoelectric detector through a first precious tower sleeve structural member, so that the collimating lens, the light splitting sheet and a first photosensitive element can be connected in a better light path, light energy transmitted to the collimating lens and then transmitted to the light splitting sheet in a light incidence joint is divided into two parts, one part of light is effectively incident to the first photosensitive element through the light splitting sheet, the other part of light is effectively reflected to a reflected light outlet head through the light splitting sheet and then is incident to a second photosensitive element, and double functions (namely a reference function and a measurement function) are realized at the same time; the proportion of the light splitting piece for splitting the light transmitted from the collimating lens into two parts can be any proportion or a preset proportion.
Specifically, the beam splitter in this embodiment divides the light transmitted from the collimator lens into two parts in a ratio of 1: 1; the steel-clad needle comprises a glass tube and a steel tube, wherein the glass tube is an inner tube close to the central axis of the collimating lens, and the steel tube is an outer tube far away from the central axis of the collimating lens.
Preferably, as shown in FIG. 4, the fiber optic assembly 34 includes a dual-bore fiber capillary 341;
the collimating lens 321 is optically connected to the light incident connector 31 through the double-hole fiber capillary 341.
The light incident joint is connected with the collimating lens through the double-hole optical fiber capillary light path, so that light energy transmitted to the collimating lens in the light incident joint can be divided into two parts, one part of light energy can be incident into the first photosensitive element better, the other part of light energy can be incident into the reflected light emitting head better, and the reference function and the measurement function can be realized better.
Preferably, the pitch between two fiber capillaries of the double-hole fiber capillary 341 is greater than or equal to 135 μm.
When the hole distance between two optical fiber capillaries of the double-hole optical fiber capillary is larger than or equal to 135 micrometers, compared with the traditional double-hole optical fiber capillary, the distance between the double holes is enlarged, so that the included angle between parallel light transmitted from the light incidence joint and the central axis of the collimating lens after the incident light is emitted sequentially through the double-hole optical fiber capillary, the collimating lens and the light splitting sheet is larger than or equal to 1.8 degrees, namely the emergent angle of the parallel light emitted from the parallel light emitting head is increased, the emergent angle is increased, the light reflection return loss can be further effectively reduced, the reflection return loss can be further reduced to be lower than-70 db, the noise of an optical system is reduced, and the sensitivity of gas detection is further effectively improved.
Specifically, the preparation method of the reference and measurement integrated dual-function photodetector in this embodiment is as follows:
s101: fixing a first photosensitive element on a first ceramic transition block by adopting an epoxy resin silver paste or brazing mode, welding the first ceramic transition block on a first TO tube seat, electrically connecting the first photosensitive element with a first TO tube pin, welding a first TO tube cap on the first TO tube seat in a resistance welding mode, filling a reference air chamber formed by encircling the inner wall of the first TO tube cap and the inner wall of the first TO tube seat with a gas TO be detected, and fixing a first tube body on the first TO tube seat by adopting a laser welding or brazing or gluing mode;
s102: fixing a second photosensitive element on a second ceramic transition block by adopting an epoxy resin silver paste or brazing mode, welding the second ceramic transition block on a second TO tube seat, electrically connecting the second photosensitive element with a second TO tube pin, welding a second TO tube cap on the second TO tube seat in a resistance manner, and fixing a second tube body on the second TO tube seat by adopting a laser welding or brazing or gluing mode;
s103: respectively inserting the input optical fiber and the reflection optical fiber into holes of two capillaries of the double-hole optical fiber capillary, and gluing and fixing; aligning a collimator in a light splitting optical fiber collimator with a light splitting sheet, coupling a double-hole optical fiber capillary with a collimating lens and the light splitting sheet respectively to enable the ratio of the light power of a reflecting optical fiber to the light power of an input optical fiber to reach the light splitting ratio of the light splitting sheet, and fixing by using epoxy glue;
S104: sleeving the coupled double-hole optical fiber capillary, the collimating lens and the light splitting sheet on the outer side of the glass tube, and gluing and fixing; then sleeving a steel pipe on the outer side of the glass pipe, and gluing and fixing;
s105: fixing a steel pipe containing the collimator and the light splitting sheet with a first pagoda sleeve structure part by adopting a laser welding, brazing or gluing mode; optically aligning the first pagoda sleeve structural part welded with the collimator and the light splitting sheet with the first tube body, and fixing the first pagoda sleeve structural part welded with the collimator and the light splitting sheet with the first tube body by adopting a laser welding or brazing or gluing mode;
s106: and optically aligning the reflected light emitting head in the light splitting optical fiber collimator with the second tube body, and fixing the reflected light emitting head with the second tube body by adopting a laser welding or brazing or gluing mode.
In a fourth embodiment, on the basis of the first to third embodiments, a dual-function photodetector integrating reference and measurement is provided, as shown in fig. 5, the reflected light emitting head 33 includes a fiber ferrule 331 and a second pagoda sleeve structure 332;
the optical fiber ceramic ferrule 331 is disposed inside the second pagoda sleeve structure 332, and the optical fiber ceramic ferrule 331 is sleeved with the second pipe body 20 through the second pagoda sleeve structure 332; the parallel light emitting head 32, the optical fiber assembly 34, the optical fiber ferrule 331 and the second photosensitive element 21 are sequentially connected in an optical path.
The optical fiber ceramic ferrule is arranged inside the second pagoda sleeve structure part, and the second pagoda sleeve structure part welds the whole reflected light emitting head and the structure inside the reflected light emitting head with the measuring photoelectric detector together, so that part of light split from the parallel light emitting head is effectively transmitted to the second photosensitive element through the optical fiber ceramic ferrule, and the measuring function is better realized.
Preferably, as shown in fig. 5, the light-exiting end surface of the fiber ferrule 331 is an inclined surface, and an included angle between the inclined surface and the horizontal direction is greater than or equal to 8 °.
Through the optical fiber ceramic ferrule with the inclined surface more than or equal to 8 degrees, part of light energy split from the parallel light emitting head is transmitted to the second photosensitive element in the form of divergent light or convergent light with a larger included angle with a main optical axis, the function of gas measurement is further better realized, light reflection is reduced, and the zero point stability of detection is improved.
Preferably, the included angle between the inclined surface and the horizontal direction is greater than or equal to 8 degrees and less than 30 degrees.
Through the optical fiber ceramic ferrule with the inclined surface which is more than or equal to 8 degrees and less than 30 degrees, on the basis of ensuring that a part of light emitted by the parallel light emitting head is smoothly transmitted to the second photosensitive element, the part of light can be further transmitted to the second photosensitive element in the form of divergent light or convergent light which forms a larger included angle with a main optical axis, the light reflection is reduced, and the zero point stability of detection is further improved.
Specifically, the preparation method of the reference and measurement integrated dual-function photodetector in this embodiment is as follows:
s101: the first photosensitive element is fixed on the first ceramic transition block through silver paste, the first ceramic transition block is welded on the first TO tube seat and is electrically connected with the first TO pin, the first TO tube cap is resistance welded on the TO of the first tube seat, a reference air chamber formed by enclosing the inner wall of the first TO tube cap and the inner wall of the first TO tube seat is filled with a gas TO be detected, and the first tube body is fixed on the first TO tube seat by adopting a laser welding or brazing or gluing mode;
s102: the second light-sensitive element is fixed on the second ceramic transition block through silver paste, the second ceramic transition block is welded on the second TO tube seat and is electrically connected with the second TO pin, the second TO tube cap is in resistance welding on the second TO tube seat, and the second tube body is fixed on the second TO tube seat in a laser welding or brazing or gluing mode;
s103: respectively inserting the input optical fiber and the reflection optical fiber into holes of two capillaries of the double-hole optical fiber capillary, and gluing and fixing; aligning a collimator in a light splitting optical fiber collimator with a light splitting sheet, coupling a double-hole optical fiber capillary with a collimating lens and the light splitting sheet respectively to enable the ratio of the light power of a reflecting optical fiber to the light power of an input optical fiber to reach the light splitting ratio of the light splitting sheet, and fixing by using epoxy glue;
S104: sleeving the coupled double-hole optical fiber capillary, the collimating lens and the light splitting sheet on the outer side of the glass tube, and gluing and fixing; then sleeving a steel pipe on the outer side of the glass pipe, and gluing and fixing;
s105: fixing a steel pipe containing the collimator and the light splitting sheet with a first pagoda sleeve structure part by adopting a laser welding, brazing or gluing mode; optically aligning the first pagoda sleeve structural part welded with the collimator and the light splitting piece with the first tube body, and fixing the first pagoda sleeve structural part welded with the collimator and the light splitting piece with the first tube body by adopting a laser welding or gluing mode;
s106: and the second pagoda sleeve structural part welded with the optical fiber ceramic ferrule is optically aligned with the second pipe body in a coupling mode, and the second pagoda sleeve structural part welded with the optical fiber ceramic ferrule is fixed with the second pipe body in a laser welding or brazing or gluing mode.
The fifth embodiment provides a detection system integrating reference and measurement based on the first to fourth embodiments, which is applied to the dual-function photoelectric detector integrating reference and measurement in the first to fourth embodiments, and further comprises a laser and a measurement gas chamber;
The laser is optically connected to the light input connector 31 via the measurement gas cell.
Through the laser, the measurement air chamber and the reference and measurement integrated dual-function photoelectric detector in the first to fourth embodiments, the laser emitted by the laser can be connected with the light incident joint optical path in the reference and measurement integrated dual-function photoelectric detector after passing through the measurement air chamber, so that the light emitted by the laser can be divided into two parts, one part is transmitted to the reference photoelectric detector, the other part is transmitted to the measurement photoelectric detector, and the incident laser wavelength is compared and calibrated in real time through the comparison of the responsivity measured in the reference photoelectric detector and the measurement photoelectric detector, thereby improving the precision of content measurement of the measured gas, realizing a gas detection system with smaller volume, lighter weight and higher integration degree, improving the stability and reliability of gas detection sensitivity, and greatly reducing the cost.
The reader should understand that in the description of this specification, reference to the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example" or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A dual-function photoelectric detector integrating reference and measurement is characterized by comprising a reference photoelectric detector (1), a measurement photoelectric detector (2) and a light splitting optical fiber collimator (3); a reference gas chamber is arranged in the reference photoelectric detector (1), and the reference gas chamber is filled with a gas to be detected;
the light splitting optical fiber collimator (3) comprises a light incidence joint (31), a parallel light emitting head (32), a reflected light emitting head (33) and an optical fiber assembly (34);
the parallel light emitting head (32) is respectively connected with the light incidence joint (31) and the reflected light emitting head (33) in an optical path through the optical fiber assembly (34); the reference photoelectric detector (1) is connected with the parallel light emitting head (32) through an optical path, and the measurement photoelectric detector (2) is connected with the reflected light emitting head (33) through an optical path.
2. The reference-and-measurement integrated dual function photodetector of claim 1, characterized in that said reference photodetector (1) comprises a first tube (10), a first photosensor (11), a first TO tube cap (12), a first TO tube base (13), a first TO pin (14) and a first tube cap lens (15);
the first photosensitive element (11), the first TO tube cap (12), the first TO tube seat (13) and the first tube cap lens (15) are all arranged inside the first tube body (10), the first TO tube pin (14) is connected with the first TO tube seat (13) and extends out of the first tube body (10), the first TO tube cap (12) covers the first TO tube seat (13), the first tube cap lens (15) is embedded on the first TO tube cap (12), and the first photosensitive element (11) is fixed on the first TO tube seat (13) and is electrically connected with the first TO tube pin (14); the first TO pipe cap (12), the first pipe cap lens (15) and the first TO pipe seat (13) are encircled TO form the reference air chamber, and the first photosensitive element (11) is located in the reference air chamber and is opposite TO the first pipe cap lens (15);
the measuring photoelectric detector (2) comprises a second tube body (20), a second photosensitive element (21), a second TO tube cap (22), a second TO tube seat (23), a second TO pin (24) and a second tube cap lens (25);
The second light-sensitive element (21), second TO tube cap (22), second TO tube seat (23) and second tube cap lens (25) all set up inside second body (20), second TO pin (24) with second TO tube seat (23) are connected and stretch out outside second body (20), second TO tube cap (22) cover is established on second TO tube seat (23), second tube cap lens (24) are inlayed on second TO tube cap (22), second light-sensitive element (21) are fixed on second TO tube seat (23), and with second tube cap lens (25) are relative, second light-sensitive element (21) with second TO tube cap lens (24) electricity is connected.
3. The reference-and-measurement integrated dual function photodetector of claim 2, characterized in that said reference photodetector (1) further comprises a first ceramic transition block (16);
the first ceramic transition block (16) is fixed on the first TO pipe seat (13), and a first included angle is formed between the upper end face of the first ceramic transition block (16) and the first TO pipe seat (13); the first photosensitive element (11) is fixed on the upper end face of the first ceramic transition block (16);
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the measuring photodetector (2) further comprises a second ceramic transition block (26);
The second ceramic transition block (26) is fixed on the second TO pipe seat (23), and a second included angle is formed between the upper end face of the second ceramic transition block (26) and the second TO pipe seat (23); the second photosensitive element (21) is fixed on the upper end face of the second ceramic transition block (26).
4. A reference and measurement integrated dual function photodetector as claimed in claim 3, wherein said first included angle is greater than or equal to 4 ° and less than 45 °;
and/or the presence of a gas in the gas,
the second included angle is greater than or equal to 4 degrees and less than 45 degrees.
5. The reference-measurement integrated dual function photodetector of claim 2, wherein said collimated light emitting head (32) comprises a collimating lens (321), a beam splitter (322), a ladle needle (323), and a first pagoda sleeve structure (324);
the steel ladle needle (323) is arranged inside the first pagoda sleeve structural component (324), the collimating lens (321) and the light splitting sheet (322) are both arranged inside the steel ladle needle (323), and the steel ladle needle (323) is sleeved with the first pipe body (10) through the first pagoda sleeve structural component (324); the light incident joint (31), the optical fiber assembly (34), the collimating lens (321), the light splitting sheet (322) and the first photosensitive element (11) are connected in sequence through light paths.
6. The reference-and-measurement integrated dual function photodetector of claim 5, wherein said optical fiber assembly (34) comprises a double-bore fiber capillary (341);
the collimating lens (321) is connected with the light incident joint (31) through the double-hole optical fiber capillary (341).
7. The dual function reference and measurement photodetector of claim 6, wherein the spacing between two of said double-bore fiber capillary tubes (341) is greater than or equal to 135 μm.
8. The reference-and-measurement integrated dual function photodetector of claim 2, wherein said reflected light emitting head (33) comprises a fiber ferrule (331) and a second pagoda sleeve structure (332);
the optical fiber ceramic ferrule (331) is arranged inside the second pagoda sleeve structural part (332), and the optical fiber ceramic ferrule (331) is sleeved with the second pipe body (20) through the second pagoda sleeve structural part (332); the parallel light emitting head (32), the optical fiber assembly (34), the optical fiber ceramic ferrule (331) and the second photosensitive element (21) are connected in sequence through an optical path.
9. The dual-function photodetector integrated with reference and measurement as claimed in claim 8, wherein the light exit end face of the optical fiber ferrule (331) is an inclined plane, and the included angle between the inclined plane and the horizontal direction is greater than or equal to 8 °.
10. A reference and measurement integrated detection system comprising a reference and measurement integrated dual function photodetector as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising a laser and a measurement gas cell;
the laser is connected with the light incident joint (31) through the measuring gas chamber.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113450637A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-09-28 | 吴震 | Venous transfusion device for nursing teaching |
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2020
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113450637A (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2021-09-28 | 吴震 | Venous transfusion device for nursing teaching |
| CN113450637B (en) * | 2021-07-12 | 2023-08-11 | 浙江欧健医用器材有限公司 | Intravenous infusion apparatus for nursing and teaching |
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